Genes, ModifierPhenotypeMutationPenetranceCrosses, GeneticGenotypeAllelesCystic FibrosisMice, CongenicChromosomes, MammalianGenetic Predisposition to DiseaseHomozygoteSmall Ubiquitin-Related Modifier ProteinsChromosome MappingPolymorphism, Single NucleotidePedigreeHemoglobin EGenetic LinkageEpistasis, GeneticDisease Models, AnimalQuantitative Trait LociMice, Inbred C57BLPolymorphism, GeneticHemochromatosisHeterozygotebeta-ThalassemiaCardiomyopathy, Hypertrophic, FamilialMice, KnockoutGenetic HeterogeneityMice, Inbred StrainsHaplotypesSUMO-1 ProteinGenetic VariationGene FrequencyAge of OnsetGenome-Wide Association StudyMice, Mutant StrainsModels, GeneticDrosophila ProteinsDrosophilaSumoylationDrosophila melanogasterMice, TransgenicAnimals, Genetically ModifiedFetal HemoglobinHuntington DiseaseGenetic Association StudiesBase SequenceMembrane ProteinsGenes, DominantCystic Fibrosis Transmembrane Conductance RegulatorGenetic Diseases, InbornSeverity of Illness IndexTranscription FactorsHearing LossEffect Modifier, EpidemiologicGenetic MarkersSignal TransductionNerve Tissue ProteinsDNA Mutational AnalysisEyeLod ScoreMutation, MissenseMolecular Sequence DataFamily HealthNuclear ProteinsGenesCaenorhabditis elegansMice, Inbred C3HExonsDNA PrimersSpecies SpecificityCohort StudiesGene Expression RegulationUbiquitinsCase-Control StudiesRisk FactorsGene Expression ProfilingGene ExpressionSelection, GeneticRecombination, GeneticRNA, MessengerProtein Inhibitors of Activated STATUbiquitin-Conjugating EnzymesGlutamate-Cysteine Ligase