Genetic determinism. Medical search. Frequent questions

Genetic determinism, according to Wikipedia, is the belief that genes, along with environmental conditions, determine morphological and behavioral phenotypes. (scienceblog.com)
Genes are clearly important here as well, with hundreds of diseases now known to have a genetic component. (scienceblog.com)
In an article published in The Scientist shortly before his death, he urged his fellow researchers to abandon genetic determinism, asking, "With only 30,000 genes, what is it that makes humans human? (wikipedia.org)
Although no genetic tests for violent behaviour are currently available, research is ongoing to isolate genes related to a propensity for violence. (bmj.com)
While genetic research has yielded accurate genetic tests for some single-gene conditions (for example Huntington's disease, Duchenne's muscular dystrophy), research continues into a wide range of multifactorial conditions (for example heart disease, diabetes, and behavioural traits) that will be explained only partially by the isolation of a gene or group of genes. (bmj.com)
It is remarkable that white is one of the most studied genes in man's quest to understand genetic control and function in Drosophila (described in 1910 by Thomas Hunt Morgan as the first example of sex-linked inheritance in flies) and yet this phenomenon had not previously been reported. (nybooks.com)
Our lives and lifestyles affect how our genes are expressed and this quashes the reasoning of genetic determinism. (lu.se)

He has conducted "quantitative genetic" twin and adoption studies since the 1970s, and since the early 1990s he has also conducted molecular genetic studies in an attempt to discover genetic variants that he believes underlie "general intelligence" (IQ) and other areas of behavior. (madinamerica.com)
What's troubling here is the genetic determinism… Reducing a complex behavior to a single gene gives us blinders: it tends to turn social problems into molecular ones. (helian.net)
Some experts, such as Caitlin Jones of the Rochester Institute of Technology, put forth the theory that "having a genetic predisposition for criminal behavior does not determine the actions of an individual, but if they are exposed to the right environment, then their chances are greater for engaging in criminal or anti-social behavior. (legalmetro.com)
These efforts led to the observation that wild-type (genetically unaltered) male flies will participate in homosexual courtship when exposed to a vigorous male-male courtship environment, demonstrating that both genetic factors and environmental cues influence this behavior. (nybooks.com)
In this area the Trends in Genetics review does have one weakness: the authors note that critics of behavior genetics presume that they are attacking a Mendelian genetic architecture (e.g., 'the god gene'), when it fact behavior genetic traits are polygenic and highly distributed across the genome. (discovermagazine.com)
There is an erroneous assumption that the variable genetic patterns in humans underlie relevant differences in health, behavior and even aptitude. (freethoughtblogs.com)

2017. Genetic determinism vs. phenotypic plasticity in protist morphology. (unine.ch)

and, second, understanding the complexity and variation in genetic sequences across all living organ-isms. (rfpa.org)
This includes the genetic variation among differ-ent species, but also the difference in DNA sequence within a single species, including humans. (rfpa.org)
In this new volume, prominent academics discuss themes from Davenport's book human genetic variation, mental illness, nature vs. nurture, human evolution in a contemporary context. (cshlpress.com)
These elegantly summarize the state of medical genetics today, touching on aspects such as the Human Genome Project, ex vivo technologies of genetic selection, intentional variation and quick detection by reverse genetics, and the emerging understanding of the vast complexity of RNA-driven gene regulation by non-coding regions that rarely expresses itself as a single gene phenotype. (cshlpress.com)
The essays (especially those by Maynard Olson and Douglas Wallace, the editors introduction, and James Watson s personal reflections) provide a firm foundation for answering that question: We are the products of natural selection working on inevitable, unavoidable genetic variation. (cshlpress.com)
the effect being that less genetic variation between twin types accounted for more of the overall phenotypic difference. (discovermagazine.com)
Rather than appreciating the complexity and ubiquity of genetic variation, it has to be mapped onto 18th and 19th century colonial perspectives, and it really doesn't fit at all. (freethoughtblogs.com)
Yes, different populations vary in some of the 0.1 percent of the genome that makes up much of human genetic diversity, but this variation does not represent biological races no matter how one manipulates/packages/represents it. (freethoughtblogs.com)

There is a common notion that precision necessarily implies biologic determinism, primarily in the use of genetic information. (cdc.gov)
To present this position, we will begin by analysing the notion of genetic discrimination as it applies to the life insurance contract. (nature.com)

Many other papers on the subject are referenced at the Wiki page on the gene, in case the interested reader wants to go searching for a stray genetic determinist on his own. (helian.net)

No one can say which (if any) human genetic variants will survive the anthropocene epoch we have just entered. (cshlpress.com)
A genome-wide association study identifies genetic variants associated with mathematics ability. (springer.com)
We categorized significant genetic variants as acting either through the neuroticism general factor, through other factors measured by the questionnaire, or through paths independent of any factor. (bvsalud.org)

If not, then the counterpoint is a crude caricature of genetic determinism which is refutable in a blink of the eye. (discovermagazine.com)
For example, it's not some kind of crude form of genetic determinism which says that the bad parts of society are irremediably bad. (booknotes.org)

Sir Francis Galton was the first to use twins to study the genetic contribution to traits. (scienceblog.com)
In contrast, parents wanted genetic testing for behavioural traits to be available even in the absence of proved medical treatments. (bmj.com)
This association could be driven by other economic factors, behavioral traits, or even genetic effects. (bvsalud.org)
We find genetic influences on both traits, but also a large effect of the rearing family environment on saving disposition. (bvsalud.org)
We estimate that 44% of the covariance between the two traits is due to genetic effects. (bvsalud.org)

Though genetic determinism is a major feature of scrapie, the infectious agent is nonetheless needed for the disease to develop ( 3 , 4 ). (cdc.gov)

And yet they themselves seem to have in mind a very narrow range of architectures when it comes to ideology being polygenic, as they cap the article with a laundry list of genetic loci. (discovermagazine.com)

Scientific research has shown that both a person's individual genetic makeup and their environment play significant roles in an individual's criminality. (legalmetro.com)

Genetic (biological) determinism has been defined as "the idea that most human characteristics, physical and mental, are determined at conception by hereditary factors passed from parent to offspring….largely [but not entirely] unaffected by environmental factors. (madinamerica.com)

In the early 1980s, advances in the fields of molecular genetic and genetic epidemiology led to the development of the first genetic tests for disease predisposition. (nature.com)

Plomin described the polygenic score method as a molecular genetic technique that finds statistically non-significant individual "SNP" hits ( single nucleotide polymorphisms ), and combines them to produce a polygenic (composite) score. (madinamerica.com)
Turkheimer criticized Plomin's triumphalist theme that the polygenic score method provides vindication of the behavioral genetic research program. (madinamerica.com)
Polygenic scores for educational attainment and related variables, such as IQ and "mathematical ability" are now readily available via direct-to-consumer genetic testing companies. (springer.com)
Some researchers are even proposing the use of genetic tests in educational settings via "precision education," in which individualized student education plans would be tailored to polygenic scores. (springer.com)

The foundation of genetic science can be most direct-ly traced to the work of a small collection of researchers in the latter half of the nineteenth century and the first half of the twentieth century, starting about the same time that Charles Darwin first proposed his theory of evolution. (rfpa.org)

Alongside of this we are also aware that certain diseases, such as cancer or Alzheimer's disease, tend to run in families because there is a genetic component to these diseas-es. (rfpa.org)
Sadly his contribution was almost certainly counter-productive and, as other authors in this text point out even if ethically acceptable, it is difficult to see how eugenics could be applied successfully given the genetic complexity underlying most common human diseases and characteristics. (cshlpress.com)

This worldview was not unique-it is worth noting that Mahathir Mohammad, Malaysia's prime minister from 1981-2003, cited genetic differences as one of the key justifications for bumiputera affirmative action in his seminal work The Malay dilemma. (yahoo.com)
MR using genetic association estimates derived from within-sibship models (within-sibship MR) can avoid these potential biases because genetic differences between siblings are due to random segregation at meiosis. (bvsalud.org)

In the spring of 2019, psychologist/behavioral genetic researcher Eric Turkheimer published a review of Blueprint in a peer-reviewed academic journal. (madinamerica.com)

However, estimates from these studies may have been susceptible to bias from population stratification, assortative mating and indirect genetic effects due to unadjusted parental genotypes. (bvsalud.org)

Suppose that we could completely control the genetic makeup of our offspring. (scienceblog.com)

Indeed genetic diversity is widely perceived as desirable if not essential for the future progress and survival of the species, so that any attempt to discriminate against a particular genotype could have adverse consequences in the future. (cshlpress.com)
Cannabis sativa L. is one of the best studied species under the aspect of genetic determinism of the sex, but the problem is not yet entirely deciphered. (researchgate.net)

Twins can also help us figure out the genetic contribution for these features. (scienceblog.com)
Studies on twins in fact make it perfectly clear that there can be no genetic basis for homosexuality. (billmuehlenberg.com)

Genetic mutations, as few as one in a million, exist in any population of organisms, and changes in the environment favor those creatures with the rare genetic advantage. (edutopia.org)
This recognition led to the conclusion that possibly the most important social influence on a child's ideologies is the parent's choice of mate , which affects a whole repertoire of downstream effects, including genetic transmission, familial environment, and the range of person-specific environments that offspring experience. (discovermagazine.com)

One of the biggest lies coming out of their camp is the myth that homosexuality is genetic, that you are born that way, and that you can never change. (billmuehlenberg.com)
1 This dark vision of genetic discrimination might be more myth than reality. (nature.com)

There were also some surprising results to come from the study, showing genetic contribution to unexpected psychological attributes. (scienceblog.com)

The attitudes of healthcare professionals and the lay public about genetic testing of children were elicited for a range of conditions through interviews with healthcare professionals and focus groups with parents. (bmj.com)
Public concern about genetic discrimination, particularly access to insurance following genetic testing, has been reported in the literature. (nature.com)
Public interest in such testing grew, yet fear of the discriminatory use of test results by insurers led to alarmist predictions such as the creation of a new genetic underclass for whom insurance would be unaffordable. (nature.com)

A historical review shows that genetic research into violence has been rife with misunderstanding. (bmj.com)

These genetic tests will not be diagnostic but will confirm or refute only an increased propensity or susceptibility for a particular condition. (bmj.com)
3 The price of genetic testing 4 and the fact that actually, very few genetic tests are deemed relevant for underwriting by actuaries 5 might also explain these findings. (nature.com)

METHODS: Applying both population and within-sibship MR, we estimated the effects of genetic liability to educational attainment on body mass index (BMI), cigarette smoking, systolic blood pressure (SBP) and all-cause mortality. (bvsalud.org)

This paper aims to separate myths from realities regarding genetic discrimination in life insurance and to underline the positive aspects of allowing insurers access to relevant genetic information for underwriting purposes. (nature.com)
Finally, we will discuss the positive aspects of allowing life insurers access to predictive genetic test results. (nature.com)

All participants were informed that behavioural genetic testing was the only hypothetical genetic test in our script and it was presented as the last condition. (bmj.com)

Down syndrome, also known as Trisomy 21, is a very common genetic alteration, which has very apparent clinical, dental and facial characteristics and a wide range of systemic manifestations. (bvsalud.org)

Thus, the hemp is included, according to some authors, in the category of plants with male heterogamy, whereas the others sustain the idea of a complex sex determinism, seen as resultant of interaction between individual hereditary potencies and the environmental factors. (researchgate.net)

Next to the question of God's existence there is arguably no greater conundrum in Western thought than the problem of free will and determinism, and the two are inextricably interdigitated. (michaelshermer.com)

We can challenge genetic determinism by reaffirming both our inherent free will to make choices and our inherent dignity. (newoxfordreview.org)
This is tied to the resilience of genetic determinism as an explanatory frame to make sense of social difference. (freethoughtblogs.com)

Direct-to-consumer testing 2.0: Emerging models of direct-to-consumer genetic testing. (springer.com)

8 Indeed, the use of genetic test results for underwriting allows applicants to benefit from a negative result to lower a high premium based on a family history of disease. (nature.com)
In the case of a positive test result, applicants might have to face a small increase or no increase at all in their premium, their genetic risk having already been accounted for by the family history questionnaire. (nature.com)

We can, however, point to and describe the role of one key component in this moral revolution-the field of genetic science. (rfpa.org)

In other words, while Grierson did commit the sin of using the naughty word "determined," he can't really be a "genetic determinist" unless he's also a "cultural determinist" at the same time. (helian.net)

Genetic information and life insurance: a 'real' risk? (nature.com)

We aim to demonstrate that in the case of predictive genetic testing, it may actually be in the interest of the applicant to let the insurer determine what constitutes relevant information for life insurance underwriting. (nature.com)

Genetic analysis of social-class mobility in five longitudinal studies. (springer.com)

Taking this into consideration, it is easy to understand why recent literature has reported few cases of validated genetic discrimination in the life insurance industry. (nature.com)
To understand 'actuarially rational' discrimination, 7 one has to realize that the use of genetic information for life insurance underwriting purposes is not new: insurers have been requesting information about an applicant's family history for decades. (nature.com)

However, the benefits to be gained by allowing insurers access to relevant genetic data could justify fostering a more active role in the use of genetic information by insurance companies. (nature.com)

Genetic variant-outcome associations attenuated in the within-sibship model, but genetic variant-educational attainment associations also attenuated to a similar extent. (bvsalud.org)

Diseases1

Chemicals and Drugs1

Psychiatry and Psychology7

Humanities1

Genes7

Behavior6

20171

Variation8

Notion2

Gene1

Variants3

Crude2

Traits5

Infectious Agent1

Loci1

Person's1

Biological1

Predisposition1

Polygenic4

Researchers1

Diseases2

Differences2

Behavioral1

Assortative1

Makeup1

Species2

Twins2

Environment2

Myth2

Psychological1

Public3

Review1

Tests2

Effects1

Aspects2

Participants1

Common1

Idea1

Problem1

Make2

Models1

Test2

Component1

Time1

Risk1

Case1

Social1

Life2

Relevant1

Educational1