Genetic and chemical. Medical search. Frequent questions

The objective of the project is to analyze the relationship between the exposure to genotoxic chemicals and the induction of genetic effects in several genotoxicity assays as they are used under laboratory conditions. (europa.eu)
1. Investigations concerning the correlation between exposure to chemicals and formation of DNA adducts. (europa.eu)
Environmental factors, like UV radiation or chemical exposure, can damage your DNA. (healthline.com)
New evidence points to an association between exposure to "forever chemicals" and an increased risk for thyroid cancer . (medscape.com)
Exposure to endocrine-disrupting chemicals, including PFAS, has been identified as a potential risk factor for thyroid cancer, with some research linking PFAS exposure to thyroid dysfunction and carcinogenesis . (medscape.com)
Research suggest that between 12% and 18% of couples struggle with infertility, [1] which may be caused by a wide variety of factors including genetic abnormalities, aging, acute and chronic diseases, treatments for certain conditions, behavioral factors, and exposure to environmental, occupational , and infectious hazards. (cdc.gov)
Additionally, those who work in a setting with exposure to toxic chemicals that might affect fertility may consider requesting a Health Hazard Evaluation by NIOSH. (cdc.gov)
These may include genetic factors, infections, traumatic or toxic exposure or nutritional factors which result in perinatal or postnatal damage. (who.int)
The health hazards that the Narghile smoker is exposed to include interference with oxidation, damage to genetic compounds, increased risk of developing malignancies, infectious diseases, damage to the fetus and newborn, and exposure to commonly abused chemicals. (who.int)

In vitro genetic toxicity tests conducted according to OECD Test Guideline 473 and 490 will be conducted and added to the dossier when available. (europa.eu)

In addition, the activation of the cholinergic circuit from the MS and VDB to the hippocampus using chemical genetics is able to improve learning and reduce memory impairment in APP/PS1 mice. (biomedcentral.com)
In addition, memory impairment in APP/PS1 mice can be attenuated using chemical genetics-driven Ach cycle activity of the cholinergic circuit. (biomedcentral.com)

Cheng initiated the inaugural Gordon Research Conference on Chemical Imaging, held in Easton, MA in August 2023. (institut-vision.org)

The Ir-1 and Ir-3 genes are not only distinct by genetic linkage tests (to H-2 ) (5, 6, 9), but they are also seen to be different by cellular studies. (rupress.org)
They demonstrated that the orientation of genes in a region of DNA could determine whether a genetic program central to specific cell functions was switched on or off. (mit.edu)
This syntax affects the pace with which cells respond to their genetic instructions and whether cells turn certain genes on and others off," says Galloway. (mit.edu)
Objective: To investigate whether genetic variants of N-acetyltransferase (NAT) genes are associated with diisocyanate asthma (DA). (cdc.gov)
[6] [13] About half of these genetic cases are due to disease-causing variants in one of four specific genes . (wikipedia.org)
Genetic engineering allows scientists to introduce desired genes into the crop's genome, resulting in the expression of new traits that can benefit farmers, consumers, and the environment. (just-food.com)
Evo2 can save genealogical information for each genome so users may review the progression of the genetic algorithm to see how certain genes have evolved over time. (modulusfe.com)

Daytime napping and shift work were also linked to a heavier weight for those at high genetic risk for obesity. (medicalnewstoday.com)
For this latest research , study co-author Dr. Jason Gill - from the Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences at the University of Glasgow in the United Kingdom - and colleagues assessed the effect of poor sleep habits on the weight of individuals at high genetic risk for obesity. (medicalnewstoday.com)
Specifically, the researchers looked at participants' genetic risk for obesity, as well as self-reported data on average sleep duration, daytime napping, and whether their employment involved shift work. (medicalnewstoday.com)
Among adults who had high genetic risk of obesity, researchers found that those who slept for under 7 hours each night were around 2 kilograms heavier than those who slept for 7-9 hours, while adults who slept for more than 9 hours per night were around 4 kilograms heavier. (medicalnewstoday.com)
Adults who worked shifts or took naps during the day were also more likely to carry excess weight if they had a high genetic obesity risk, compared with those who did not work shifts or take daytime naps. (medicalnewstoday.com)
However, among people with a low genetic risk for obesity, abnormal sleep patterns did not appear have a significant impact on weight. (medicalnewstoday.com)
It appears that people with high genetic risk for obesity need to take more care about lifestyle factors to maintain a healthy bodyweight. (medicalnewstoday.com)
Epidemiological studies have linked to these chemicals to numerous diseases-from kidney cancer, liver cancer, obesity, decreased fertility and more. (uchicago.edu)

Molecular dosimetry of chemical mutagens. (europa.eu)
The expected nature of the induced genetic changes can be confirmed by molecular analysis of the DNA sequence changes. (europa.eu)
The Beckman Center for Molecular and Genetic Medicine is an interdisciplinary center, part of Stanford School of Medicine at Stanford University, Stanford, California. (wikipedia.org)
An interdisciplinary center for molecular and genetic medicine at the Stanford School of Medicine was proposed in the 1980s by Paul Berg, Arthur Kornberg, Donald Kennedy and others. (wikipedia.org)
Berg has said, "At the time, our goal was to focus on the molecular and genetic basis of disease as the starting point for new forms of medicine. (wikipedia.org)
336-339 As of 2004[update] the Beckman Center for Molecular and Genetic Medicine is one of five institutions which receive support from the Arnold and Mabel Beckman Foundation on an ongoing basis. (wikipedia.org)
The Howard Hughes Medical Institute Unit of Molecular and Genetic Medicine was also included in the Beckman Center. (wikipedia.org)
To connect the various departments and researchers, Berg officially established the Program in Molecular and Genetic Medicine as a unified program "for all those interested in molecular and genetic approaches to biological question, and to provide access to funding, facilities, and teaching opportunities. (wikipedia.org)
The Beckman Center for Molecular and Genetic Medicine officially opened on May 24, 1989. (wikipedia.org)
It is the NCO value (driven by the bioaccessible NCO groups on relatively soluble mMDI and low molecular weight species ( e.g. three-ring oligomer) which is responsible for chemical and physiological reactivity and subsequent toxicological profile. (europa.eu)
Then, a recurrent neural network is used to reconstruct the final fingerprints into actual molecular structures while maintaining their chemical validity. (nature.com)
As design tools for materials, they not only optimize the molecular structures but also provide hints for a promising chemical space by identifying genetic traits that favor the target properties while maintaining the unique genotypes of ancestors. (nature.com)
Furthermore, we show that the origins of both chemical defenses and of molecular counter adaptations were associated with shifts in. (lu.se)
With the advent of molecular technique, it has become clear that carriage of the genetic defect is much more common than symptomatic AIP. (medscape.com)

Chemical-genetic interactions-observed when the treatment of mutant cells with chemical compounds reveals unexpected phenotypes-contain rich functional information linking compounds to their cellular modes of action. (nih.gov)
We developed a method, called CG-TARGET (Chemical Genetic Translation via A Reference Genetic nETwork), that integrates large-scale chemical-genetic interaction screening data with a genetic interaction network to predict the biological processes perturbed by compounds. (nih.gov)
In a recent publication, we applied CG-TARGET to a screen of nearly 14,000 chemical compounds in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, integrating this dataset with the global S. cerevisiae genetic interaction network to prioritize over 1500 compounds with high-confidence biological process predictions for further study. (nih.gov)
Our approach successfully demonstrates the use of genetic interaction networks in the high-throughput functional annotation of compounds to biological processes. (nih.gov)
A series of model compounds which include methylating and ethylating agents were used to determine the nature and the frequency of different types of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) damage caused by the chemicals. (europa.eu)
The special flavor of Szechuan peppers is mainly closely related to their chemical compounds, such as their volatile oil, alkaloids, acid amide, coumarin, lignin, fatty acid, and the small amount of triterpene and sterols that they contain. (frontiersin.org)

1993) found there is a chemical conversion of MDI to MDA in the solvent which could explain a number of positive responses recorded in some genotoxicity assays in vitro . (europa.eu)
Again, no genotoxicity was observed in the in vivo cytogenetic, micronucleus, or other assay, which leads to the conclusion: "The weight of the evidence of the in vitro and in vivo genotoxicity data indicates that these chemicals are not mutagenic or clastogenic" (OECD 2004). (europa.eu)

Additional investigation of the compatibility of chemical-genetic and genetic interaction profiles revealed that one-third of observed chemical-genetic interactions contributed to the highest-confidence biological process predictions and that negative chemical-genetic interactions overwhelmingly formed the basis of these predictions. (nih.gov)
Over the past two decades, His team pioneered the development of bond-selective chemical microscopy that utilizes fingerprint signals to discover hidden signatures inside a biological system. (institut-vision.org)

To quantify this effect, Harris and Nielsen used computer programs to simulate mutation accumulation during Neanderthal evolution and to estimate how humans were affected by the influx of neanderthal genetic variants. (phys.org)

Genetic engineered cereal crops refer to crops that have been modified at the genetic level using biotechnology techniques to enhance specific traits or characteristics. (just-food.com)
Quantitative genetic parameters were estimated for heartwood chemical traits and heartwood percentage in a 44-year-old Pinus nigra clonal seed orchard, established in Peloponnese, Greece. (nzjforestryscience.nz)
Phenotypic and genetic correlations between heartwood percentage and its chemical traits were positive (being in most cases significant), except for dehydroabietic and levopimaric acid. (nzjforestryscience.nz)

For instance, a toxic chemical that has been engineered to last forever. (uchicago.edu)

In the proposed method, the Morgan fingerprint vectors of seed molecules are evolved using the techniques of mutation and crossover within the genetic algorithm. (nature.com)

Biochemical genetic testing and newborn screening are essential laboratory services for the screening, detection, diagnosis, and monitoring of inborn errors of metabolism or inherited metabolic disorders. (cdc.gov)
These recommendations are intended for laboratories that perform biochemical genetic testing to improve the quality of laboratory services and for newborn screening laboratories to ensure the quality of laboratory practices for inherited metabolic disorders. (cdc.gov)
To this end, preventive screening for genetic disorders, including developmental disabilities, is an essential component in uncovering possible disorders early, thus enabling timely medical intervention. (who.int)

By now, you've probably heard about the dangers of PFAS "forever chemicals. (uchicago.edu)
Linda Birnbaum: PFAS is a class of chemicals, which is the totality of more than 14 or 15,000 different chemicals. (uchicago.edu)
PFAS are a class of widely used synthetic chemicals found in many consumer and industrial products, including nonstick cookware, stain-repellent carpets, waterproof rain gear, microwave popcorn bags, and firefighting foam. (medscape.com)

Pervasive 'Forever Chemicals' Linked to Thyroid Cancer? (medscape.com)

As the number of inherited metabolic diseases that are included in state-based newborn screening programs continues to increase, ensuring the quality of performance and delivery of testing services remains a continuous challenge not only for public health laboratories and other newborn screening facilities but also for biochemical genetic testing laboratories. (cdc.gov)
Understanding the condition's genetic basis might reveal why it has perpetuated in humans and help scientists develop cures for degenerative neurological diseases. (sciencenews.org)

Transfers of allogeneic thymus and marrow cell mixtures from DBA/1 and SJL donors confirmed the syngeneic dilution studies showing that the genetic defect of immune responsiveness to (Phe, G)-A--L is expressed at both the thymus and marrow immunocompetent cell level. (rupress.org)
Although levels of porphobilinogen and ALA are always elevated during acute attacks, how this leads to the symptomatic disease is still unclear because most patients with the genetic defect have excessive porphyrin secretion but no symptoms. (medscape.com)
On average, out of 100 patients with the genetic defect, perhaps 10-20 secrete excess porphyrin precursors and only 1-2 have symptoms. (medscape.com)

Evo2 features a built-in karyogram that allows visualization of genomes while genetic algorithms are evolving. (modulusfe.com)

A Genetic Algorithm (GA) is a problem-solving method (or heuristic search technique) often used in Artificial Intelligence to find optimal solutions to problems using systems inspired by evolutionary biology: mutation, selection, reproduction/inheritance and recombination. (modulusfe.com)

The preexcitation syndrome: epidemiological and genetic study. (curehunter.com)
epidemiological and genetic study. (curehunter.com)

Paul Rand: You may have heard them called by another name as well, forever chemicals. (uchicago.edu)
Dangerous 'Forever Chemicals' in Your Everyday Items Are Causing Cancer ," Newsweek reported. (medscape.com)
These substances have been dubbed "forever chemicals" because they do not degrade and are ubiquitous in the environment. (medscape.com)

To systematically identify these interactions, an array of mutants is challenged with a compound and monitored for fitness defects, generating a chemical-genetic interaction profile that provides a quantitative, unbiased description of the cellular function(s) perturbed by the compound. (nih.gov)

In this category Substances of the MDI category all share similar chemical features namely that they a) all contain high levels of mMDI, and b) contain have at least two aromatic NCO groups that are electronically separated from other aromatic rings by at least a methylene bridge. (europa.eu)

Cancer occurs when the genetic material of a cell becomes changed. (medlineplus.gov)
Is Cancer Genetic? (healthline.com)
Some people inherit genetic mutations that increase their cancer risk, but most mutations are spontaneous. (healthline.com)
What percent of cancer is genetic and what percent is environmental? (healthline.com)
Technically, all cancer is genetic, since it results from DNA damage that causes genetic mutations. (healthline.com)
The result was a "cell-based chemical genetic screening test" for potential cancer drugs. (harvard.edu)
Stool tests for genetic material from cancer cells may also be used to detect cancer. (msdmanuals.com)

Such a combined approach will generate a genotoxicity profile of a chemical or a group of related chemicals, which can be used in risk assessment procedures. (europa.eu)

The parameters presently known for genetic control of immune responses specific for (Phe, G) ( Ir-1 gene) and for Pro--L ( Ir-3 gene) have been compared. (rupress.org)
My group wants to learn how to construct genetic systems that could more precisely control patterns of gene expression in cells," she says. (mit.edu)
Here, we review the arrival of genetic screens in malaria parasites to analyse parasite gene function at a genome-scale and their impact on understanding parasite biology. (portlandpress.com)
Epigenetic theory describes how changes in gene expression may be caused by mechanisms other than changes in the underlying DNA sequence, temporarily or through multiple generations, by influencing a network of chemical switches within cells collectively known as the epigenome. (modulusfe.com)
2. Nuclear transfer is a technique used to duplicate genetic material by creating an embryo through the transfer and fusion of a diploid cell in an enucleated female oocyte.2 Cloning has a broader meaning than nuclear transfer as it also involves gene replication and natural or induced embryo splitting (see Annex 1). (who.int)

To address the first challenge, heuristic chemical knowledge is generally incorporated. (nature.com)

The phenotypic correlation (r p ) between total acetone extracts and total stilbenes was negatively weak (≤-0.173) and significant (p≤0.01) while the genetic correlation (r g ) was moderate to strong (≤-0.502). (nzjforestryscience.nz)

We therefore introduce the reader to CRISPR-based screens in the related apicomplexan Toxoplasma gondii and discuss how these approaches could be adapted to develop CRISPR/Cas9 based genome-scale genetic screens in malaria parasites. (portlandpress.com)

Combined with an internal transcribed spacer 2 (ITS2) sequence characters and chemical PCA results, six cultivars were classified into their own groups, for the two species in particular. (frontiersin.org)
This is due to a paucity of functional annotation from sequence homology, which is compounded by low genetic tractability compared with many model organisms. (portlandpress.com)
5.2 Genetic sequence data. (who.int)

However, its methodology presents a practical challenge-devising a way in which to rapidly evolve molecules while maintaining their chemical validity. (nature.com)
Specifically regarding organic molecules, two major challenges of EDM are to (1) preserve the chemical validity of evolved molecules and (2) choose the best-fit individuals in each generation efficiently and accurately according to the fitness function. (nature.com)
Molecules expressed as graphs or ASCII strings evolve according to user-defined rules, such as adding, deleting, and replacing atoms, bonds, and substructures under chemical constraints. (nature.com)

Thesis (Ph.D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Chemical Engineering, 1998. (mit.edu)

Certain fetal and maternal conditions have been shown to have environmental and genetic components. (medscape.com)

The complex interplay of (1) genetic, (2) environmental, and (3) social factors requires sophisticated and thoughtful interventions on the part of health care providers. (medscape.com)
[3] [11] However, both genetic and environmental factors are believed to be involved. (wikipedia.org)
The rest were due to genetic factors - inherited mutations or spontaneous errors in DNA replication. (healthline.com)
The number of protons, which determines the element's identity, and the arrangement of electrons in the outermost energy level are the main factors that determine an atom's chemical properties. (proprofs.com)
Although only a limited number of national surveys have been conducted to identify the etiological factors in the development of disability [3], it is generally believed that 76% of disability is caused by genetic factors [4]. (who.int)

Cheng and his team has been constantly at the most forefront of the chemical imaging field in innovation, discovery, and clinical translation. (institut-vision.org)

Figure 1: Genetic part design for in vivo ssDNA production. (nature.com)

The classic inducers of porphyria attacks are chemicals or situations that boost heme synthesis. (medscape.com)

These recommendations also are intended as a resource for medical and public health professionals who evaluate laboratory practices, for users of laboratory services to facilitate their collaboration with newborn screening systems and use of biochemical genetic tests, and for standard-setting organizations and professional societies in developing future laboratory quality standards and practice recommendations. (cdc.gov)

However, HTCS is a local optimization technique whose success relies on the quality of the chemical libraries, the development of which depends on researchers' experience and intuition. (nature.com)

Genetic interactions, obtained from genome-wide double-mutant screens, provide a key for interpreting the functional information contained in chemical-genetic interaction profiles. (nih.gov)

Environmental sustainability: who are the leaders in genetic engineered cereal crops for the consumer industry? (just-food.com)
In the last three years alone, there have been over 662,000 patents filed and granted in the consumer industry, according to GlobalData's report on Environmental sustainability in consumer: genetic engineered cereal crops . (just-food.com)

On an individual basis, the genetic control was moderate to high (0.53-0.62) for total acetone extractives, total resin acids as for most of resin acids (≥0.85) with dehydroabietic acid presenting low value (0.39) while levopimaric acid very low (0.15). (nzjforestryscience.nz)
However, the genetic and evolutionary basis of the innovations that facilitate such interactions remains poorly understood. (lu.se)

The viral genetic material is then separated from the punches, and placed into a solution. (cdc.gov)
In this way, the genetic material can be left on the card, so it can be shipped to the CDC. (cdc.gov)

chemical reactions and the chemostat. (bath.ac.uk)
This means that ions are charged particles, and they can be formed through various processes such as chemical reactions or the gain/loss of electrons in an electric field. (proprofs.com)

5. Most countries in the African Region have no specific regulations and policies governing genetic manipulations for assisted conception, treatment and research. (who.int)

[12] The remaining 5% to 10% of cases have a genetic cause, often linked to a history of the disease in the family , and these are known as familial ALS (hereditary). (wikipedia.org)

While nature has at least three mechanisms to prevent inbreeding, most genetic algorithms fail to address this problem. (modulusfe.com)

Laboratories that perform biochemical genetic testing are required by CLIA regulations to meet the general quality systems requirements for nonwaived testing and the personnel requirements for high-complexity testing. (cdc.gov)

The chemical components, genetic characteristics, and suitable habitat of six cultivars were analyzed in this study. (frontiersin.org)
CHENNAI: Fish in the Uppanar near the SIPCOT industrial estate at Cuddalore are born with genetic deformity, according to a study conducted by student members of the People's Union for Civil Liberty. (bhopal.net)
NIOSH is currently conducting a field study of workers looking at nine genetic alleles. (cdc.gov)

Anatomy8

Organisms6

Diseases4

Chemicals and Drugs104

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment49

Psychiatry and Psychology2

Phenomena and Processes54

Disciplines and Occupations11

Anthropology, Education, Sociology and Social Phenomena4

Technology, Industry, Agriculture9

Information Science10

Health Care19

Exposure9

Toxicity1

Genetics2

20231

Genes7

Obesity8

Molecular14

Compounds6

Vitro2

Biological2

Variants1

Traits3

Toxic chemical1

Fingerprint1

Disorders3

PFAS3

Pervasive1

Diseases2

Defect3

Genomes1

Algorithm1

Epidemiological2

Forever chemicals3

Quantitative1

Substances1

Cancer7

Genotoxicity1

Gene5

Heuristic1

Correlation1

Approaches1

Sequence3

Molecules3

19981

Maternal1

Factors5

Translation1

Vivo1

Synthesis1

Tests1

Researchers1

Screens1

Environmental2

Basis2

Material2

Reactions2

Treatment1

Disease1

Mechanisms1

Regulations1

Study3