• Two NPCs neighboring (1) heterochromatic and Polycomb -repressed domains or (2) actively transcribed genes are highlighted within the yellow box. (biomedcentral.com)
  • We statement a novel connection between nuclear pore complexes (NPCs) and spindle pole bodies (SPBs) revealed by our research from the gene. (bioinf.org)
  • Do NPCs of differentiated cells lack Nup133 to stabilize their gene expression profile? (ny.gov)
  • Nuclear pore complexes (NPCs) are the central apparatus of nucleocytoplasmic transport. (bvsalud.org)
  • In both yeast and humans, it has been shown that recombination at telomeres is spatially regulated and occurs preferentially at the nuclear pore complexes (NPCs) in yeast and at ALT-associated promyelocytic leukemia nuclear bodies (APBs) in human cells. (bvsalud.org)
  • This gene encodes a large coiled-coil protein that forms intranuclear filaments attached to the inner surface of nuclear pore complexes (NPCs). (utsouthwestern.edu)
  • In eukaryotes, mRNA is, then, exported through nuclear pore complexes (NPCs) into the cytoplasm where it is translated into proteins by ribosomes. (belmont.edu)
  • At the heart of regulating this traffic are nuclear pore complexes, or NPCs (wink to gamers). (thislifemag.com)
  • But because they control how DNA information is transmitted to the rest of the cell, NPCs are essential for gene therapy, mRNA-type vaccines, CRISPR , and potentially other genetic treatments we haven't yet imagined. (thislifemag.com)
  • In addition to their canonical functions in maintaining nuclear architecture and nucleocytoplasmic trafficking, components of the nuclear envelope (i.e. nuclear pore complex (NPC), nuclear lamina) are also involved in intracellular signaling, DNA repair, and gene expression. (duke.edu)
  • In metazoans, a complex meshwork of intermediate filament proteins constitutes the so-called lamina at the inner nuclear membrane to which chromatin regions and associated factors are anchored [ 2 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • In a recent study, Bi and colleagues identified genomic regions that are associated with the Arabidopsis NUCLEOPORIN1 (NUP1) protein, an inner subunit of the nuclear pore complex (NPC) [ 5 ] responsible for mRNA export that protrudes out into the lamina-like matrix (Fig. 1 ). (biomedcentral.com)
  • NUP1 is densely distributed along the nuclear periphery and protrudes into the lamina-like nuclear matrix. (biomedcentral.com)
  • With the exception of those containing 45S ribosomal DNA units and neighboring the nucleolus, Arabidopsis chromocenters are usually located near the nuclear periphery [ 6 ] and their establishment requires several lamina-like matrix components [ 3 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The nuclear lamina is a thin (20 nm) yet insoluble protein meshwork that, in higher cells, lines the nucleoplasmic face of the nuclear envelope (NE). (rupress.org)
  • The lamina is intimately associated with both the inner nuclear membrane and underlying chromatin, while at the same time providing anchoring sites for nuclear pore complexes ( Gerace and Burke 1988 ). (rupress.org)
  • Because of these extensive interactions, the lamina has long been considered to play an important role in the maintenance of nuclear architecture. (rupress.org)
  • Steen and Collas 2001 (this issue) now provide some tantalizing data that links nuclear lamina organization to cell survival. (rupress.org)
  • The major components of the nuclear lamina are the A- and B-type lamins. (rupress.org)
  • Clearly then, A-type lamins are not strictly required for the formation of a nuclear lamina and NE. (rupress.org)
  • During mitosis, PP1 appears largely chromatin bound, but in telophase it is recruited to the nuclear periphery to dephosphorylate B-type lamins and thereby enable polymerization and lamina assembly. (rupress.org)
  • We have identified interdependent changes of the nuclear lamina, nuclear pore complexes, and DNA-content (ploidy) in heart muscle cell maturation. (bvsalud.org)
  • We present how changes of the nuclear lamina alter nuclear pore complexes in heart muscle cells. (bvsalud.org)
  • Dystrophin-glycoprotein complex bridges the inner cytoskeleton (F-actin) and the basal lamina. (medscape.com)
  • The first suggests that disruption of the inner nuclear membrane and the nuclear lamina causes disorganization of nuclear chromatin and gene expression, while the second proposes that the mechanical strength of the cell nucleus is disrupted when the nuclear lamina is weakened leading to structural and signaling defects in mechanically stressed tissue such as muscle and heart. (medscape.com)
  • Fibrous lamina - The fibrous lamina is part of the nuclear cytoskeleton that is attached to the inner layer of the nuclear membrane. (microscopemaster.com)
  • It consists of two concentric membranes perforated by nuclear pores, large protein complexes that form aqueous channels to regulate the flow of macromolecules between the nucleus and the cytoplasm. (wikipedia.org)
  • Gene therapy viruses are non-replicating, but still hijack host cell machinery to express transgenes of interest in the nucleus. (frontiersin.org)
  • This selectivity helps protect the DNA and is the job of machines that stud the envelope of the nucleus, called nuclear pore complexes. (sciencedaily.com)
  • Jan. 31, 2022 The nucleus is guarded by a highly secure door, the so-called nuclear pore, that controls the transport of substances from the cytoplasm to the cell nucleus and back. (sciencedaily.com)
  • The nuclear pore is a channel that allows transport of molecules in and out of the cell's nucleus. (medlineplus.gov)
  • The RANBP2 protein helps regulate the transport of proteins and other molecules through the nuclear pore and helps modify proteins coming into or out of the nucleus. (medlineplus.gov)
  • In various organisms, components of the nuclear envelope interact with chromatin that is spatially organized within the nucleus (Fig 2) and subsequently regulate gene expression. (duke.edu)
  • The nucleus: chromosomal DNA and its organization, the Nuclear Pore Complex and nucleus-cytoplasmic transport. (sns.it)
  • By turning their instruments toward the nuclear pore complex, a huge cluster of proteins that serves as a gateway to a cell's nucleus, the scientists say they have filled in the gaps left by other techniques and made important new discoveries about how the complex works. (labmanager.com)
  • The nuclear pore complex is a massive structure that extends across the nuclear envelope, forming a gateway that regulates the flow of macromolecules between the nucleus and the cytoplasm. (prosci-inc.com)
  • NUP50 is a member of the FG-repeat containing nucleoporins that functions as a soluble cofactor in importin-alpha:beta-mediated nuclear protein import.The nuclear pore complex is a massive structure that extends across the nuclear envelope, forming a gateway that regulates the flow of macromolecules between the nucleus and the cytoplasm. (prosci-inc.com)
  • Gage's team already knew that the cell nucleus-the ball-shaped membrane containing the genome-looks very different in the three cell types, with different genes active in each. (neurosciencenews.com)
  • A fluorescent microscopy image shows Nup153 (red) in pore complexes encircling and associating with Sox2 (green) in a precursor cell nucleus. (neurosciencenews.com)
  • Interestingly, Nup153 levels are also known to be high in cells with elevated levels of a mobile protein called Sox2, a transcription factor that floats around the nucleus and binds to genes and turns them on or off. (neurosciencenews.com)
  • The transport of molecules between the nucleus and the cytoplasm in eukaryotic cells is mediated by the nuclear pore complex (NPC), which consists of 60-100 proteins. (thermofisher.com)
  • A team at the Salk Institute for Biological Studies made the discovery while studying ELLPs that are part of the nuclear pore complex (NPC), which is a transport channel that regulates the flow of molecules into or out of the nucleus in neurons. (the-scientist.com)
  • The nuclear pore, which can be seen as the gateway to the cell nucleus, is central to many processes including gene regulation. (bvsalud.org)
  • The nuclear membrane, like the cell membrane, is a double-layered structure that consists of phospholipids (forming the lipid bilayer nucleus envelope). (microscopemaster.com)
  • The nuclear membrane is connected to the endoplasmic reticulum in a manner that creates continuity between the nucleus and the external environment (through the lumen of the endoplasmic reticulum ). (microscopemaster.com)
  • Our genes are housed in a planet-like structure dubbed the nucleus for protection. (thislifemag.com)
  • The nuclear envelope creates distinct nuclear and cytoplasmic compartments in eukaryotic cells. (wikipedia.org)
  • This protein, which localizes to both sides of the nuclear pore complex at interphase, remains associated with the complex during mitosis and is targeted at early stages to the reforming nuclear envelope. (wikipedia.org)
  • Other research in the lab focuses on understanding how spatial organization of the genome is achieved through interactions between chromatin and components of the nuclear envelope. (duke.edu)
  • Our aim is to define the molecular bases of the interactions that are established between chromatin and the components of the nuclear envelope, and determine how they 1) regulate epigenetic state of genes and their transcription, 2) participate in spatial organization of the genome, and 3) contribute to cellular functions during mammalian development. (duke.edu)
  • Our findings will ultimately allow us to uncover how alterations in nuclear envelope components and chromatin configurations might induce uncontrolled cell divisions and migration patterns that lead to disease and cancer. (duke.edu)
  • The double-membrane nuclear envelope provides a physical interface that contributes to the compartmentalization of chromosomal domains that have distinct chromatin states and activities within the nuclear space. (biomedcentral.com)
  • This hints at the presence of transcriptionally repressive environments in the vicinity of the plant nuclear envelope, like those found in budding yeast, nematodes, flies, and mammals. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Nucleocytoplasmic transport, a signal- and energy-dependent process, takes place through nuclear pore complexes embedded in the nuclear envelope. (utsouthwestern.edu)
  • EDMD1 is caused by mutations in the EMD gene on the X chromosome that codes for the nuclear envelope protein emerin. (medscape.com)
  • New mutations have been found in the synaptic nuclear envelope protein 1 ( SYNE1 ) gene and in the synaptic nuclear envelope protein 2 ( SYNE2 ) gene in a few families, also termed Nesprin-1 and Nesprin-2, respectively. (medscape.com)
  • Picture wrapping donut holes in double-layered plastic wrap-that's the nuclear envelope. (thislifemag.com)
  • Because the whole structure "intimately embraces" the nuclear envelope, they can't be studied in isolation, explained the team, led by Drs. Gerhard Hummer and Martin Beck at Max Planck Institute of Biophysics, and Dr. Jan Kosinski at the European Molecular Biology Laboratory. (thislifemag.com)
  • We show here that NS1 forms an inhibitory complex with NXF1/TAP, p15/NXT, Rae1/mrnp41, and E1B-AP5, which are key constituents of the mRNA export machinery that interact with both mRNAs and nucleoporins to direct mRNAs through the nuclear pore complex. (elsevierpure.com)
  • Another Salk professor and a coauthor on the paper, Martin Hetzer, previously found that proteins in the nuclear membrane influence gene expression in different kinds of cancer cells. (neurosciencenews.com)
  • Research from my lab has found that the nuclear membrane is a dynamic structure that plays a key role in developmental gene regulation," says Hetzer, Salk's chief science officer and holder of the Jesse and Caryl Philips Foundation Chair. (neurosciencenews.com)
  • In the precursors, they discovered high numbers of a protein called Nup153, which is part of a multiprotein complex that forms a gatekeeping pore in the nuclear membrane, controlling what goes in or out. (neurosciencenews.com)
  • The latter is a membrane protein localized to both the ER and nuclear membranes, and contains a specific binding site for PP1. (rupress.org)
  • This complex includes nuclear membrane integral and associated proteins including emerin, lamin A/C, SUN1, SUN2, nesprin-1, and nesprin-2 that are proposed to form a mechanical link between the nucleoskeleton and cytoskeleton. (medscape.com)
  • Whatever the true mechanism, the discovery of mutations in several different nuclear membrane proteins that cause similar diseases will likely eventually lead to a better understanding of nuclear membrane physiology and the pathophysiology of diseases caused by mutations in these proteins. (medscape.com)
  • The nuclear membrane is one of the aspects that distinguish eukaryotic cells from prokaryotic cells . (microscopemaster.com)
  • Present on the nuclear membrane are nuclear pores (made up of proteins) through which substances enter or leave the cell (RNA, proteins, etc). (microscopemaster.com)
  • Nuclear membrane pores are occupied by dense granules/fibrillar material arranged in a cylindrical manner. (microscopemaster.com)
  • RAN is a small GTP-binding protein of the RAS superfamily that is associated with the nuclear membrane and is thought to control a variety of cellular functions through its interactions with other proteins. (antibodies-online.cn)
  • Lupu F, Alves A, Anderson K, Doye V, Lacy E. Nuclear pore composition regulates neural stem/progenitor cell differentiation in the mouse embryo. (ny.gov)
  • Inducible genes in yeast retain a "memory" of recent transcriptional activity during periods of short-term repression, allowing them to be reactivated faster when reinduced. (ox.ac.uk)
  • The scientists used the technique to study nuclear pore complexes in both budding yeast and human cells. (labmanager.com)
  • The software does this by identifying similarities between entries in a large, publicly available compendium of transcriptomes from single-gene deletion yeast strains. (ncdir.org)
  • This capability has the potential to uncover novel roles for genes throughout the yeast genome. (ncdir.org)
  • Nuclear pore complex protein Nup133, or Nucleoporin Nup133, is a protein that in humans is encoded by the NUP133 gene. (wikipedia.org)
  • These complexes are composed of at least 100 different polypeptide subunits, many of which belong to the nucleoporin family. (wikipedia.org)
  • The nucleoporin protein encoded by this gene displays evolutionarily conserved interactions with other nucleoporins. (wikipedia.org)
  • Importins associated with dynein are an important component of retrograde injury signalling complexes and enable transport of direct importin cargoes, such as transcription factors, as well as secondary cargoes that bind scaffolding molecules associated with importins. (nature.com)
  • Local translation of axonally localized mRNAs is required for retrograde injury signalling, enabling recruitment of key molecules such as importin β1 to the complex. (nature.com)
  • Small molecules (up to 70 kD) can pass through the nuclear pore by nonselective diffusion while larger molecules are transported by an active process. (thermofisher.com)
  • They bind to structural components (emerin, nesprin), chromatin components (histone), signal transduction molecules (protein kinase C), and several gene regulatory molecules. (medscape.com)
  • Our new technique allows us to measure how components of large protein complexes are arranged in relation to one another," says Sandy Simon, head of the Laboratory of Cellular Biophysics . (labmanager.com)
  • 8, 2020 Like wrenches made of Legos, SWI/SNF chromatin remodeling complexes tighten or loosen DNA in our cells to control how genes are turned on and made into proteins. (sciencedaily.com)
  • We demonstrate that this memory mechanism is associated with gene loop interactions between the promoter and 3' end of the responsive genes HXK1 and GAL1FMP27. (ox.ac.uk)
  • They also describe competing interactions within the Nup84 complex and discuss the possibility of binding promiscuity as a common feature in the nuclear pore complex. (sciencedaily.com)
  • We are interested in defining the molecular bases of these interactions and delineating their significance in driving gene expression and genome functions. (duke.edu)
  • Interaction annotations are curated by BioGRID and include physical or genetic interactions observed between at least two genes. (yeastgenome.org)
  • We present a novel approach, the Local Edge Machine, for the inference of regulatory interactions directly from time-series gene expression data. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Interactions between importin beta and the FG repeats of nucleoporins are essential in translocation through the pore complex. (utsouthwestern.edu)
  • The outcome of viral infections depends on a complex during evolution that antagonize the host immune set of interactions between the viruses and their hosts. (cdc.gov)
  • Deleteome-Tools, developed by Max Neal, Aitchison Lab (NCDIR), allows users to functionally profile genes in S. cerevisiae , thereby illuminating their cellular roles. (ncdir.org)
  • To functionally profile a gene of interest, the software compares the systems-level transcriptomic changes caused by deleting that gene to the changes resulting from each individual deletion in the Deleteome. (ncdir.org)
  • Journal Article] Compositionally distinct nuclear pore complexes of functionally distinct dimorphic nuclei in ciliate Tetrahymena. (nii.ac.jp)
  • Researchers have also shown that one member of the three-protein structure interacts promiscuously with two nucleoporins as do other proteins in the nuclear pore, supporting a model of a flexible complex that can rearrange itself into different formations. (sciencedaily.com)
  • Now that we realize that promiscuity may be a major factor in the nuclear pore complex - that the nucleoporins have different ways of interacting with each other - the complex is no longer just a three-dimensional jigsaw puzzle," Hoelz says. (sciencedaily.com)
  • The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the FG-repeat containing nucleoporins that functions as a soluble cofactor in importin-alpha:beta-mediated nuclear protein import. (prosci-inc.com)
  • The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the FG-repeat containing nucleoporins and is localized to the nuclear pore central plug. (antibodypedia.com)
  • Dr. Lacy's research on mouse development has identified a previously unrecognized player in the regulation of stem/progenitor cell differentiation-nuclear pore complex (NPC) composition. (ny.gov)
  • These results offer new perspectives on how cells alter their nuclear transport and, with that, their gene regulation in response to extracellular signals. (bvsalud.org)
  • Dirk Schübeler has done important work in epigenomics and regulatory genomics, in particular with the dynamics of genome-wide methylation patterns, their role in gene regulation, and the interplay between chromatin state and the actions of transcription factors. (unibas.ch)
  • This confers a rapid and versatile gene expression response to the environment. (ox.ac.uk)
  • We predict that gene loop conformations enhance gene expression by facilitating rapid transcriptional response to changing environmental conditions. (ox.ac.uk)
  • For successful transgene expression, viruses administered into muscle must undergo a series of processes, including host cell interaction and internalization, intracellular sorting, long-range retrograde axonal transport, endosomal liberation, and nuclear import. (frontiersin.org)
  • In the Yildirim lab, we study how epigenetic mechanisms, particularly those that are mediated by long noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs), complement gene expression, impact genome stability and define cell fate decisions. (duke.edu)
  • This female specific dosage compensation mechanism depends on expression of Xist long ncRNA, which coats and transcriptionally silences future inactive X (Xi) balancing X-linked gene expression between XX females and XY males (Fig 1). (duke.edu)
  • Overall, the influence of peripheral proximity on gene expression remains poorly explored in plants [ 4 ], and is also the subject of intense investigations in metazoan cells, in which opposite trends have seemingly been observed in studies using differing approaches. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The fact that we were able to connect transcription factors, which are mobile switches, to the pore complex, which is a very stable structure, offers a clue as to how cells maintain their identity through regulated gene expression," says Tomohisa Toda, a Salk research associate and first author of the paper. (neurosciencenews.com)
  • Temporally dynamic gene expression programs have been observed in a wide variety of organisms. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Beginning with time-series gene expression data, the Local Edge Machine (LEM) seeks to find functional network models capable of generating the dynamic behavior of the data (Fig. 1 ). (biomedcentral.com)
  • Lamins A and C, in contrast, arise through alternative splicing of the same primary transcript encoded by the LMNA gene, expression of which is developmentally regulated. (rupress.org)
  • Bone marrow & Lymphoid tissues Brain Breast and female reproductive system Connective & Soft tissue Endocrine tissues Eye Gastrointestinal tract Kidney & Urinary bladder Liver & Gallbladder Lymphoid Male reproductive system Muscle tissues Myeloid Pancreas Proximal digestive tract Respiratory system Skin * nTPM: Normalized TPM levels represent consensus gene expression calculated using two data sets. (antibodypedia.com)
  • Emerin is a ubiquitous inner nuclear membraneprotein, presentin nearly all cell types, although its highest expression is in skeletal and cardiacmuscle.Emerin binds to many nuclear proteins, including several gene-regulatory proteins (eg, barrier-to-autointegration factor, germ cell-less, Btf), nesprins (proteins that act as molecular scaffolds), F-actin, and lamins. (medscape.com)
  • His work primarily focuses on a step in gene expression referred to as RNA splicing. (unibas.ch)
  • NS1 functions to impair innate and adaptive immunity by inhibiting host signal transduction and gene expression, but its mechanisms of action remain to be fully elucidated. (elsevierpure.com)
  • We detail how influenza viruses evade the host changes in host gene expression. (cdc.gov)
  • In higher organisms, cells are very selective about what passes in and out of their nuclei, where the genes reside. (sciencedaily.com)
  • a Artist impression representing Arabidopsis interphase nuclei and the potential links between nuclear pore complexes ( NPC ) and contrasting chromatin contexts. (biomedcentral.com)
  • This positive link echoes the observation that endogenous CAB ( CHLOROPHYLL A/B-BINDING PROTEINS ) genes are repositioned from the interior to the periphery of Arabidopsis cotyledon nuclei when induced by light signaling [ 8 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • In mammalian somatic cells, there are four major lamins, A, B1, B2, and C. The B-type lamins are encoded by separate genes (LMNB1 and LMNB2) and, as a class, are found in the nuclei of all mammalian somatic cells. (rupress.org)
  • For example, mutations in TTN gene may present with a wide range of phenotypes ranging from congenital myopathy to late-onset distal myopathy. (medscape.com)
  • Phenotype annotations for a gene are curated single mutant phenotypes that require an observable (e.g., "cell shape"), a qualifier (e.g., "abnormal"), a mutant type (e.g., null), strain background, and a reference. (yeastgenome.org)
  • EDMD2/EDMD3 is due to mutations (autosomal dominant and autosomal recessive, respectively) in the LMNA gene that codes for lamins A and C. Mutations in LMNA occur throughout the gene and can cause several different phenotypes (see Causes ). (medscape.com)
  • Notably, LGMD subtypes are phenotypically highly variable, limb-girdle weakness may not be the predominant presentation, and mutation in genes assigned to LGMD subtypes may cause allelic conditions with a different phenotype. (medscape.com)
  • This phenotype is associated with large-scale changes in nuclear architecture. (rupress.org)
  • Overlap exists with Congenital Muscular Dystrophy (CMD) as several gene mutations can cause both a LGMD and CMD phenotype. (medscape.com)
  • These diseases are discussed here in part because mutations in 2 genes can present with either an LGMD or a myofibrillar myopathy phenotype. (medscape.com)
  • Rather, fine tuning is achieved through epigenetic factors that impact the accessibility of DNA sequences for enzymatic modifications, and through factors that participate in genome organization establishing a functional nuclear landscape. (duke.edu)
  • Our knowledge of chromatin organization and function in plant systems is rapidly expanding, and the roles of different nuclear peripheral components in structuring chromatin are also beginning to emerge [ 1 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Mutations in the RANBP2 gene have been found to increase the risk of developing acute necrotizing encephalopathy type 1. (medlineplus.gov)
  • The RANBP2 gene provides instructions for making a protein that interacts with a protein complex known as the nuclear pore. (medlineplus.gov)
  • In addition to its functions at the nuclear pore, the RANBP2 protein also plays multiple roles during cell division and helps transport materials within cells. (medlineplus.gov)
  • RANBP2 gene mutations that are associated with acute necrotizing encephalopathy type 1 result in the production of a protein that cannot function normally either due to altered shape or because it cannot get to the nuclear pore where it is needed. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Covalent attachment, via an isopeptide bond, to its substrates requires prior activation by the E1 complex SAE1-SAE2 and linkage to the E2 enzyme UBE2I, and can be promoted by E3 ligases such as PIAS1-4, RANBP2 or CBX4. (thermofisher.com)
  • SUMO1 is involved, for instance, in targeting RANGAP1 to the nuclear pore complex protein RANBP2. (thermofisher.com)
  • This gene shares a high degree of sequence identity with RANBP2, a large RAN-binding protein localized at the cytoplasmic side of the nuclear pore complex. (antibodies-online.cn)
  • It is believed that this RANBP2 gene family member arose from a duplication event 3 Mb distal to RANBP2. (antibodies-online.cn)
  • The protein encoded by this gene belongs to the importin alpha family, and is involved in nuclear protein import. (thermofisher.com)
  • The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the importin beta family. (utsouthwestern.edu)
  • This protein associates with the importin alpha/beta complex which is involved in the import of proteins containing nuclear localization signals. (antibodypedia.com)
  • The import of proteins containing a nuclear localization signal (NLS) requires the NLS import receptor, a heterodimer of importin alpha and beta subunits also known as karyopherins. (utsouthwestern.edu)
  • Importin alpha enters the nucleoplasm with its passenger protein and importin beta remains at the pore. (utsouthwestern.edu)
  • After genetically attaching fluorescent markers to individual components of the nuclear pore complex, the scientists replaced the cell's own copy of the gene that encodes the protein with the new form that has the fluorescent tag. (labmanager.com)
  • Nuclear pore protein NUP88 activates anaphase-promoting complex to promote aneuploidy. (edpsciences.org)
  • MMDB and VAST+: tracking structural similarities between macromolecular complexes. (nih.gov)
  • The research, performed by Vivien Nagy, a visiting graduate student, André Hoelz, a research associate, and colleagues in Rockefeller University's Laboratory of Cell Biology, uncovered the molecular structure of three interacting proteins that form the centerpiece of the Nup84 complex - an important structural component of the nuclear pore complex. (sciencedaily.com)
  • In experiments to be published online in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences , in September Nagy, Hoelz and colleagues provide the molecular specifics of the only piece of the Nup84 complex that remained unknown, furthering the structural characterization of this building module. (sciencedaily.com)
  • Whole genome sequencing in patients with retinitis pigmentosa reveals pathogenic DNA structural changes and NEK2 as a new disease gene. (genomeweb.com)
  • These results suggest that the structural and mechanical plasticity of the nuclear pore is important for its function but also in the development of cancer or viral infections. (bvsalud.org)
  • Macromolecular complex annotations are imported from the Complex Portal . (yeastgenome.org)
  • end of this gene with several different kinase genes occur in some neoplasias. (utsouthwestern.edu)
  • Most cells have intracellular sensors of viral za virus and appear partially responsible for the ability of products that, when activated, initiate a signaling cascade influenza viruses to infect multiple animal species, which likely contributes to the generation of new pandemic virus- that results in transcriptional induction of the IFN gene. (cdc.gov)
  • Gene loops function to maintain transcriptional memory through interaction with the nuclear pore complex. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Next, the team wants to explore how the interaction of the pore complex with other transcription factors affects neuronal function, which could yield insights into the underlying causes of certain neurological disorders. (neurosciencenews.com)
  • Noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) are noncoding transcripts that take part in epigenetic mechanisms by providing RNA-directed silencing, aiding recruitment of chromatin modifying complexes and in some instances, presenting enhancer-like functions to boost transcription. (duke.edu)
  • A question mark indicates the potential existence of gradually enriched RNA polymerase II transcription microenvironments from the nuclear interior to peripheral regions where mRNA surveillance and export could be favored. (biomedcentral.com)
  • This has the potential to give us important new information about how the nuclear pore complex functions, but we believe it can also be applied to other multi-protein complexes such as those involved in DNA transcription, protein synthesis or viral replication. (labmanager.com)
  • Finally, we use an atlas of transcription data in a mammalian circadian system to illustrate how the method can be used for discovery in the context of large complex networks. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The nucleolus is the site of transcription and processing of the ribosomal gene. (microscopemaster.com)
  • This gene encodes s receptor in the endoplasmic reticulum, which plays a role in the export of large pre-chylomicrons and pre-very low density lipoproteins (pre-VLDLs). (nih.gov)
  • This post-translational modification on lysine residues of proteins plays a crucial role in a number of cellular processes such as nuclear transport, DNA replication and repair, mitosis and signal transduction. (thermofisher.com)
  • Mutations in all of these genes have been shown to result in defects in the nucleoskeleton and related structures that could cause the above pathologic abnormalities. (medscape.com)
  • The Seelig group is interested in understanding how biological organisms process information using complex biochemical networks and how such networks can be engineered to program cellular behavior. (unibas.ch)
  • The X protein of hepatitis B virus activates hepatoma cell proliferation through repressing melanoma inhibitory activity 2 gene. (nih.gov)
  • Virus-mediated gene therapy has the potential to deliver exogenous genetic material into specific cell types to promote survival and counteract disease. (frontiersin.org)
  • Our laboratory uses primarily XCI as a model to understand how long ncRNAs 1) regulate gene dosage and maintain epigenetic state, 2) impact genome stability, and 3) participate in cell fate decisions. (duke.edu)
  • The new technique we have developed reveals the orientation of building blocks in the cell, and we hope that it will eventually enable us to assemble individual crystal structures into a high-resolution map of the entire nuclear pore complex. (labmanager.com)
  • Because all three cell types have roughly the same number of nuclear pores, the team concluded that Nup153 levels influence cell type and that a high level is necessary to maintain cells' precursor status. (neurosciencenews.com)
  • In a mind-bending feat, a new algorithm deciphered the structure at the heart of inheritance-a massive complex of roughly 1,000 proteins that helps channel DNA instructions to the rest of the cell. (thislifemag.com)
  • 1) Various complex formation of Histone methyltransferases for repressive chromatin and the molecular basis of their formation, 2) Relationship between heterochromatin formation and repressive histone modification on inactive X chromosome, 3) Involvement of an HP1 binding protein in pathway choice for repairing double-strand breaks. (nii.ac.jp)
  • SUMO1 may also regulate a network of genes involved in palate development. (thermofisher.com)
  • In 5 of 6 gene mutations that have been shown to cause EDMD, the affected protein is present in the LINC (linker of nucleoskeleton and cytoskeleton) complex. (medscape.com)
  • Three major classes of transcripts are generated from this gene- melanoma inhibitory activity 2-specific transcripts, cTAGE family member 5-specific transcripts and transcripts that include exons from both these transcript species (TANGO1-like or TALI). (nih.gov)
  • Two transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. (prosci-inc.com)
  • Multiple transcript variants of this gene encode a single protein isoform. (antibodypedia.com)
  • Using this software, we identified genes that share functional relationships with NUP170, revealing NUP170's association with genes involved in the critical processes of DNA replication and repair. (ncdir.org)
  • Nuclear PGK1 alleviates ADP-dependent inhibition of CDC7 to promote DNA replication. (edpsciences.org)
  • These findings suggest that more than one assemblage of its elements may be necessary for the function of the nuclear pore complex - to import and export macromolecules including ribosomes and messenger RNA. (sciencedaily.com)
  • KDM5A-mediated histone H3 lysine 4 demethylation contributes to silencing of retinoblastoma target genes (Chicas et al. (atlasgeneticsoncology.org)
  • Results in deregulation of HOXA genes through recruitment of the histone acetyltransferase CBP / p300 (Thiollier et al. (atlasgeneticsoncology.org)
  • Now a new study reveals the molecular structure of the largest piece of the molecule-trafficking complex to be captured by x-ray crystallography to date. (sciencedaily.com)
  • GO Annotations consist of four mandatory components: a gene product, a term from one of the three Gene Ontology (GO) controlled vocabularies ( Molecular Function , Biological Process , and Cellular Component ), a reference, and an evidence code. (yeastgenome.org)
  • This could result in alterations to DNA, subsequent changes in gene activity, and signs of cellular aging. (the-scientist.com)
  • But how can they do this when humans have thousands of genes and complex cellular structures? (roboticsbiz.com)
  • Although causative gene mutations have been well characterized for LGMD, no specific treatment is available for any of the LGMD syndromes yet. (medscape.com)
  • In the absence of an identified pathogenic gene, phenotypic presentations that fulfill the above definition criteria are referred to as "LGMD unclassified. (medscape.com)
  • Although our primary focus has been on NUP170, our software enables the profiling of any of the approximately 1,500 genes represented in the Deleteome. (ncdir.org)
  • Administration of gene therapy viruses into skeletal muscle, where distal terminals of motor and sensory neurons reside, has been shown to result in extensive transduction of cells within the spinal cord, brainstem, and sensory ganglia. (frontiersin.org)
  • Whether you're talking about genes, or neurons, or the workings of a virus, at the most fundamental level, biology is a matter of. (labmanager.com)
  • Gage's team conducted screens in cells from mice and rats to see which genes were being transcribed into proteins in precursor cells, immature neurons and astrocytes. (neurosciencenews.com)
  • Click "Gene Ontology Details" to view all GO information and evidence for this locus as well as biological processes it shares with other genes. (yeastgenome.org)
  • Since scientists who want to use gene therapy need to compile tons of data about genes and genomic sequences, AI has proven to be a helpful tool in predicting outcomes and boosting the precision of gene editing with the help of Smart Micro/Nano-robotic Systems . (roboticsbiz.com)
  • Decoding protein complexes is another piece of the genomic puzzle that AI has a hand in solving. (roboticsbiz.com)
  • The maintenance of these memory gene loops (MGLs) during intervening periods of transcriptional repression is required for faster RNA polymerase II (Pol II) recruitment to the genes upon reinduction, thereby facilitating faster mRNA accumulation. (ox.ac.uk)
  • In this review article, we outline key characteristics of major gene therapy viruses-adenovirus, adeno-associated virus (AAV), and lentivirus-and summarize the mechanisms regulating important steps in the virus journey from binding at peripheral nerve terminals to nuclear delivery. (frontiersin.org)
  • In this response, and the implications of this immune evasion in respect, viruses have evolved genes that counteract this pandemic influenza. (cdc.gov)
  • In a Novartis-sponsored study in the New England Journal of Medicine, researchers found that a CRISPR-Cas9-based treatment targeting promoters of genes encoding fetal hemoglobin could reduce disease symptoms. (genomeweb.com)
  • Although researchers have spent years studying the workings of the nuclear pore complex, there is still much that has remained mysterious. (labmanager.com)
  • So, to use gene therapy, researchers need to understand a person's genetic makeup thoroughly. (roboticsbiz.com)
  • While AI had already decoded small protein structures, it faltered when researchers pitted it against complexes with thousands of proteins - until now. (roboticsbiz.com)