Genes regulate cellular genes regulator. Medical search. Frequent questions

The term can describe viral regulatory proteins that are synthesized following viral infection of a host cell, or cellular proteins that are made immediately following stimulation of a resting cell by extracellular signals. (wikipedia.org)
Immediate early genes present in the brain are associated with a range of functions such as modifying synaptic functions through transient and rapid activation growth factors or the expression of cellular proteins. (wikipedia.org)
The multifunctional regulator nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor (Nrf2) is considered not only as a cytoprotective factor regulating the expression of genes coding for anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory and detoxifying proteins, but it is also a powerful modulator of species longevity. (springer.com)
The major characteristics of Nrf2 are to some extent mimicked by Nrf2-dependent genes and their proteins including heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), which besides removing toxic heme, produces biliverdin, iron ions and carbon monoxide. (springer.com)
Oxidative stress generated during such stressful conditions may damage DNA and proteins, and as a consequence the cellular processes are disturbed. (springer.com)
183:1129-1143) provide new insights into how Cdc42 and Par proteins work together to modulate cell adhesion and polarity during embryonic morphogenesis by regulating the traffic of key cell junction proteins. (rupress.org)
Cdc42 interacts with proteins that regulate endocytosis and exocytosis and mediate traffic between ER and Golgi. (rupress.org)
These proteins work as activators or repressors of growth-stimulating genes. (hightimes.com)
Examples of mechanisms that produce such epigenetic changes in gene regulation include DNA methylation and histone modification - histones are proteins around which DNA is wound more or less tightly to regulate gene expression. (tecan.com)
Scientists from the University of California, San Diego School of Medicine and Indiana University say they have identified a protein that regulates how genetic information transcribed from DNA to messenger RNA (mRNA) is processed and ultimately translated into the many proteins necessary for life. (genengnews.com)
According to the researchers, the study ("The dsRBP and Inactive Editor ADR-1 Utilizes dsRNA Binding to Regulate A-to-I RNA Editing across the C. elegans Transcriptome"), published in Cell Reports, helps explain how a relatively limited number of genes can provide versatile instructions for making thousands of different messenger RNAs and proteins used by cells in species ranging from sea anemones to humans. (genengnews.com)
To be properly expressed, all genes must be carefully converted from DNA to messenger RNA, which can then be translated into working proteins," added Heather Hundley, Ph.D., assistant professor of biochemistry and molecular biology at Indiana University and co-senior author of the study. (genengnews.com)
These results raise the possibility that other dsRNA binding proteins, including the inactive human ADARs, regulate RNA editing through deaminase-independent mechanisms. (genengnews.com)
So it is likely that a similar mechanism exists to regulate editing in humans," said Dr. Hundley, adding that she and colleagues will now turn to teasing out the specifics of how proteins like ADR-1 regulate editing and how they might be exploited "to modulate editing for the treatment of human diseases. (genengnews.com)
CUL3 is a conserved protein of the Cullin family, comprising eight members, which contain a conserved cullin homology domain, named after its ability to select cellular proteins for degradation. (nature.com)
p53 binds to and regulates mRNA and proteins are significantly elevated after BLIMP1 depletion favorably, which is normally accompanied with the induction of p53 focus on genes. (immune-source.com)
Here, we characterize the dynamic relationship of chromatin accessibility, gene expression and DNA-binding of two MADS-domain proteins during Arabidopsis flower development. (nih.gov)
These AKT proteins therefore regulate a wide variety of cellular functions including cell proliferation, survival, metabolism, and angiogenesis in both normal and malignant cells. (senescence.info)
Protein phosphatases act as negative regulators of AKT proteins by dephosphorylating AKT or PIP3. (senescence.info)
The antiviral dsRNA-binding proteins, NF90/NF110, act as key regulators in circRNA biogenesis. (ijbs.com)
When genes are active, copies of the DNA are made using molecules of ribonucleic acid (RNA) and these can then be used as templates to make proteins. (elifesciences.org)
Another way to control genes is by nonsense-mediated decay, where incorrect or incomplete RNA molecules are destroyed before they can be used to make defective proteins. (elifesciences.org)
GRAS proteins are an important family of transcriptional regulators in plants, named after the first three members: GIBBERELLIC ACID-INSENSITIVE, REPRESSOR of GAI, and SCARECROW. (uni-koeln.de)
It has been discovered that recombinant proteins expressed by an expression system in which a fragment of mammalian Immunoglobulin G (IgG) Fragment crystallizable (Fc) is linked to a segment of a gene have antibody-like properties that increase the exogenous protein's serum half-life. (bvsalud.org)
Heterotrimeric G proteins are intracellular membrane-attached signal transducers involved in various cellular processes in both plants and animals. (lu.se)

The mechanisms used by certain viruses to dysregulate the host cell through manipulation of epigenetic processes and the role of cellular cofactors such as BRD4 that are known to be involved in epigenetic regulation of host cell pathways will also be covered. (mdpi.com)
Whilst the role of proneural factors in fate specification is well studied, the link between neural specification and the cellular pathways that ultimately must be activated to construct specialised neurons is usually obscure. (tcd.ie)
PGRs increase yields by cellular expansion through signal transduction pathways. (hightimes.com)
Scientists at Mirna have shown that miR34a functions as a key tumor suppressor and affects multiple cancer-related genes and pathways, such as those involved in cell viability, cell senescence and apoptosis. (iptoday.com)
Since each miRNA appears to regulate the expression of tens to hundreds of different genes, miRNAs can function as "master-switches," efficiently regulating and coordinating multiple cellular pathways and processes. (iptoday.com)
Primary cilia function as specialized cellular signaling organelles that coordinate multiple signaling pathways, including the Hedgehog (HH) pathway ( Zaghloul and Brugmann, 2011 ). (elifesciences.org)
Differentially regulated pathways were characteristic of high-grade meningiomas. (nature.com)
How are these cytokinin activities linked to other cellular signaling pathways? (fu-berlin.de)
A series of cellular pathophysiological mechanisms involved in AS (e.g., differentiation, proliferation, and signalling pathways) are under the control of miRNAs. (hindawi.com)
Several anterograde and retrograde signaling pathways, including the canonical Bone Morphogenic Protein (BMP) pathway , regulate synaptic development in vertebrates and invertebrates. (sdbonline.org)
Energy metabolism is governed by intricate signaling pathways that sense nutrient availability, energy demands, and cellular stress. (alliedacademies.org)
This article explores the pathways of cellular signaling in energy metabolism, highlighting their physiological roles and implications in pathological conditions. (alliedacademies.org)
In addition, Ingenuity Pathway Analysis (IPA) integrated with PCR array data showed that the JAK1/STAT3 pathway was significantly altered in cells overexpressing DEFB1, suggesting this to be one of the pathways by which defensin regulates IAV replication in HBEpCs. (cdc.gov)

DBC1 functions as a coactivator for AR-V7 and is required for the expression of AR-V7 target genes including CDH2, a mesenchymal marker linked to CRPC progression. (cancerindex.org)
Thus RUNX1/ETO contributes to increased expression of miR451 target genes and interferes with normal gene expression during differentiation. (uni-frankfurt.de)
However, the mechanisms by which these factors dynamically regulate the expression of their target genes at different developmental stages are still poorly understood. (nih.gov)
The developmental dynamics of DNA-binding of APETALA1 and SEPALLATA3 is largely independent of chromatin accessibility, and our findings suggest that AP1 acts as 'pioneer factor' that modulates chromatin accessibility, thereby facilitating access of other transcriptional regulators to their target genes. (nih.gov)
Experimentally confirmed target genes were identified for the 73 diagnostic miRNAs, from which proliferation genes were selected from CRISPR-Cas9/RNA interference (RNAi) screening assays. (cdc.gov)

Total RNA was isolated on P16, and the relative abundance of mRNA of the crystallin structural genes, redox components, and apoptotic cascade were ascertained with real-time PCR with reference to the internal control β-actin . (molvis.org)
C-PC treatment possibly prevented cataractogenesis triggered by sodium selenite, by regulating the lens crystallin, redox genes, and apoptotic cascade mRNA expression and thus maintains lens transparency. (molvis.org)
RNA editing alters nucleotides within the mRNA to allow a single gene to create multiple mRNAs that are subject to different modes of regulation. (genengnews.com)
Using the nematode C. elegans as their model organism and a novel computational framework, Drs. Hundley, Yeo, and colleagues identified more than 400 new mRNA editing sites, the majority regulated by a single protein called ADR-1, which does not directly edit mRNA but rather regulated how editing occurred by binding to the messenger RNAs subject to editing. (genengnews.com)
Northern analysis revealed that murine OST mRNA is dramatically regulated during the preosteoblast to osteoblast progression, with predominant expression in differentiated and early mineralizing osteoblasts. (umn.edu)
Pansensitive and panresistant genes to 21 NCCN-recommended drugs with concordant mRNA and protein expression were identified. (cdc.gov)

miR-128-5p directly targeted the 3′UTR-binding sequences of the p21 gene, negatively regulated p21 expression, and supported the proliferation of VSMCs. (hindawi.com)
Instead, the experiments suggest that Tao negatively regulates BMP signaling as reduction of Tao leads to an increase in pMad levels in motor neuron nuclei and an increase in BMP target gene expression. (sdbonline.org)
Organic dust augments nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain expression via an NF-kB pathway to negatively regulate inflammatory responses. (cdc.gov)
Gaur et al suggest FLCN acts as a tumor suppressor by negatively regulating rRNA synthesis. (medscape.com)

These multiple layers of regulation enable p53 to execute cellular responses that are appropriate for specific cellular states and environmental conditions. (nih.gov)
encoded by Nfe2l2 gene) is a transcription factor responsible for the regulation of cellular redox balance and protective antioxidant and phase II detoxification responses in mammals [ 1 , 2 ]. (springer.com)
The group explores the regulation of global gene expression in response to hypoxia and the modification of transcriptional regulators which underlies the induction of such events. (ucd.ie)
Finally, we examine the conservation of 135 USA300 TFs amongst 11 other S. aureus strains, identifying a key group of regulators that display a high degree of conservation, including many that have previously been demonstrated to play a role in virulence gene regulation. (biomedcentral.com)
Epigenetic changes are not of the 'classical' genetic kind, caused by mutations in genes, but arise instead from changes in regulation that switch genes on or off without changing the underlying DNA sequence. (tecan.com)
The epigenetic regulation of spatiotemporal gene expression is crucial for human development. (researchgate.net)
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small noncoding sequences involved in the negative regulation of gene expression. (hindawi.com)
Regardless of this, the capacity of miR-92a to target various downstream effectors might be an advantage of miRNA-based therapeutic strategies and may overcome the limited therapeutic capacity of single growth factor or single gene therapies in ischemic diseases, since the highly organized process of vessel growth, maturation and functional maintenance is well known to require the fine-tuned regulation of a set of genes. (uni-frankfurt.de)
To date, it is well known that lncRNAs participate in chromatin modifications and transcriptional and translational regulation of protein-encoding genes or regulate protein function and activity through specific binding [ 3 - 5 ]. (jcancer.org)
Our results show that Sp1 plays an essential role in the regulation of the differential gene expression of the HCKgene. (uni-frankfurt.de)
In an effort to examine the molecular mechanisms involved in the cellular regulation of OST, we have characterized its expression in MC3T3 osteoblasts during differentiation. (umn.edu)
Alternatively, abnormal SWI/SNF complexes may disrupt the regulation of genes that help control the growth and division of cells, which leads to cancer. (medlineplus.gov)
More so, our results show that the epigenetic regulation of TE transcription is dynamically regulated throughout life (Paper II), upon the beginning of neuroinflammation (Paper III), and in a disease-driving polymorphic TE insertion (Paper IV). (lu.se)

By coordinating the expression of multiple genes, miRNAs are responsible for guiding proper embryonic development, immunity, inflammation, as well as cellular growth and proliferation. (iptoday.com)
AA and the extracellular regulated protein kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2) blocker U0126 markedly inhibited migration, elevated smooth muscle 22 α (SM22 α ) expression, repressed VSMC proliferation, elevated miR-466f-3p and miR-425-3p expression, and suppressed miR-27a-5p and miR-128-5p expression in ox-LDL-induced VSMCs. (hindawi.com)
Our research showed that the migration, phenotypic transformation, and proliferation of ox-LDL-induced VSMCs were repressed by AA through inhibiting miR-128-5p by targeting the p21 gene, which may provide an effective option for the treatment of atherosclerosis. (hindawi.com)
The migration, phenotypic transformation, and proliferation of VSMCs lead to vascular wall remodeling, which is mediated by activation of extracellular regulated protein kinases 1/2 (ERK1/2) signalling [ 9 ]. (hindawi.com)
Several studies have shown that miRNAs play multiple roles in the phenotypic transformation, migration, and proliferation of VSMCs by inhibiting ERK1/2 activation [ 11 , 12 ], partly by regulating the tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases (TIMPs)-MMPs and p21-cyclins interactions [ 13 - 18 ]. (hindawi.com)
BAG-1 is preferentially expressed in neuronal precursor cells of the adult mouse brain and regulates their proliferation in vitro. (nih.gov)
Some lncRNAs affect the growth and development of breast cancer by regulating cell proliferation and apoptosis, and others are involved in invasion and metastasis and drug resistance of breast cancer [ 6 ]. (jcancer.org)
Nevertheless, zero research to day possess directly defined the part of Blimp1 in regulating cell success and proliferation. (immune-source.com)

However, other findings suggest roles for IEGs in many other cellular processes. (wikipedia.org)
It is increasingly clear that DNA viruses exploit cellular epigenetic processes to control their life cycles during infection. (mdpi.com)
Activated p53 transcriptionally regulates hundreds of genes that are involved in multiple biological processes, including in DNA damage repair, cell cycle arrest, apoptosis and senescence. (nih.gov)
His research into the cellular response to hypoxia has revealed novel mechanisms whereby protective endogenous processes can be exploited for therapeutic gain in the context of prevalent chronic inflammatory disease. (ucd.ie)
As virulence determinant production is very tightly regulated in S. aureus , a thorough understanding of its regulatory network is necessary to fully comprehend the pathogenic processes of this bacterium. (biomedcentral.com)
Some of our research questions are: Which developmental processes are under control of cytokinin, and which genes are involved? (fu-berlin.de)
This discrepancy might be partially due to the involvement of Dicer in other cellular processes like heterochromatin formation and to the fact that Dicer and Drosha target mainly different subsets of microRNAs. (uni-frankfurt.de)
Furthermore, several reviews claim that Blimp1 might regulate varied cellular processes including cell survival or growth. (immune-source.com)
Protein tyrosine phosphatases (PTPs) are critical regulators of cellular phosphorylation functioning in processes such as cell growth, differentiation, and adhesion. (umn.edu)
Disturbance of this process alters the activity of many genes and disrupts several cellular processes, which could explain the diverse signs and symptoms of Coffin-Siris syndrome. (medlineplus.gov)

Moreover, genome instability was attributed to impaired autophagy and several autophagy genes with tumor suppressor functions (e.g. (hindawi.com)

Activation of gene transcription is a complex system of signal cascades and recruitment of necessary components such as RNA polymerase and transcription factors. (wikipedia.org)
As such, many IEGs function as transcription factors regulating expression of downstream genes or are proto-oncogenes associated with altered cell growth. (wikipedia.org)
Specifically, we discuss how the interaction of p53 with DNA and chromatin affects gene expression, and how p53 post-translational modifications, its temporal expression dynamics and its interactions with chromatin regulators and transcription factors influence cell fate. (nih.gov)
In this context, DNA-binding transcription factors (TFs) play an important regulatory role by either repressing or activating genes in response to environmental and physiological conditions. (biomedcentral.com)
Expression of a reporter gene linked to the −101HCK promoter region was up-regulated by Sp1, but not by other members of the Sp1 family of transcription factors, in Drosophila Schneider cells. (uni-frankfurt.de)
Abstract: A network of lineage-specific transcription factors and microRNAs tightly regulates differentiation of hematopoietic stem cells along the distinct lineages. (uni-frankfurt.de)
Development of eukaryotic organisms is controlled by transcription factors that trigger specific and global changes in gene expression programmes. (nih.gov)
In plants, MADS-domain transcription factors act as master regulators of developmental switches and organ specification. (nih.gov)
Our data provide a primer to the idea that cellular differentiation in plants can be associated to dynamic changes in chromatin accessibility, as consequence of the action of master transcription factors. (nih.gov)
Here, we show that among 45 transcription factors up-regulated in mycorrhizal roots of the legume Lotus japonicus, expression of a unique GRAS protein particularly increases in arbuscule-containing cells under low phosphate conditions and displays a phylogenetic pattern characteristic of symbiotic genes. (uni-koeln.de)

Cellular Physiology and Biochemistry (2018) 46 (2): 546-560. (karger.com)
fd3F regulates genes required for specialized aspects of chordotonal dendrite physiology. (tcd.ie)
The activated RR can then effect changes in cellular physiology, often by regulating gene expression. (genome.jp)
Professor Cormac Taylor, UCD Professor of Cellular Physiology, leads a research group at the UCD Conway Institute investigating the mechanisms by which low oxygen levels (hypoxia) regulates transcriptional events in epithelial cells. (ucd.ie)

This study demonstrates that debcl and the pro-fission gene drp1 are necessary downstream of buffy to trigger a mitochondrial fragmentation during rbf1 -induced apoptosis. (sdbonline.org)
High-resolution temporal profiling of gene expression reveals the events downstream of atonal proneural gene function during the development of Drosophila chordotonal (mechanosensory) neurons. (tcd.ie)
p53 regulates the manifestation of downstream focus on genes, which serve as mediators of p53 features (17C19). (immune-source.com)

Cdc42 is a well-known regulator of the actin cytoskeleton, but also plays important roles in vesicular trafficking. (rupress.org)
Furthermore, we found that Pls3 cell-autonomously regulates cell migration by regulating actin cytoskeleton organization, and its levels are inversely proportional to neural migration speed. (nature.com)

Thus IEGs are well known as early regulators of cell growth and differentiation signals. (wikipedia.org)
We determine that atonal activates this cellular differentiation pathway in several ways. (tcd.ie)
In addition to these intermediate transcriptional regulators, we show that atonal directly regulates a novel gene, dilatory, that is directly associated with ciliogenesis during neuronal differentiation. (tcd.ie)
Our analysis demonstrates how early cell fate specification factors can regulate structural and physiological differentiation of neuronal cell types. (tcd.ie)
It also suggests a model for how subtype differentiation in different neuronal lineages may be regulated by different proneural factors. (tcd.ie)
Histone modifications and chromatin-associated protein complexes are crucially involved in the control of gene expression, supervising cell fate decisions and differentiation. (researchgate.net)
Background: Bivalent chromatin domains consisting of the activating histone 3 lysine 4 trimethylation (H3K4me3) and repressive histone 3 lysine 27 trimethylation (H3K27me3) histone modifications are enriched at developmental genes that are repressed in embryonic stem cells but active during differentiation. (researchgate.net)
HCK expression is up-regulated at the transcriptional level during myeloid differentiation of hematopoietic cells. (uni-frankfurt.de)
We found that the hematopoietic master regulator RUNX1 controls the expression of certain microRNAs, of importance during erythroid/megakaryocytic differentiation. (uni-frankfurt.de)
RUNX1 thus emerges as a key regulator of a microRNA network, driving differentiation at the megakaryocytic/erythroid branching point. (uni-frankfurt.de)
Osteotesticular PTP (OST) is the only characterized member of this superfamily whose expression is regulated in osteoblasts and critical for their in vitro differentiation. (umn.edu)
Transient transfection of the OST promoter in differentiating MC3T3 results in a significant increase in transcriptional activation from day 0 to day 5 of differentiation, similar in timing and intensity to the observed upregulation of the endogenous gene. (umn.edu)
These results show that the murine OST gene is regulated at the transcriptional level in an osteoblast-specific, differentiation-dependent manner during the differentiation of MC3T3 osteoblasts. (umn.edu)
We found a significantly lower expression of key autophagy- (ATG-) related genes in primary AML as compared to healthy granulocytes, an increased autophagic activity during all- trans retinoic acid- (ATRA-) induced neutrophil differentiation, and an impaired AML differentiation upon inhibition of ATG3, ATG4D, and ATG5. (hindawi.com)

Sirtuins, a family of NAD+-dependent deacetylases, have emerged as critical regulators of cellular energy metabolism. (alliedacademies.org)

DBC1 promotes castration-resistant prostate cancer by positively regulating DNA binding and stability of AR-V7. (cancerindex.org)
Outcomes p53 Regulates BLIMP1 Transcription Positively. (immune-source.com)
A L1014F mutation in the sodium channel gene was found and the mutation rate was positively correlated with the LC50 of lambda-cyhalothrin. (bvsalud.org)
Golden Promise carries a loss-of-function mutation in HvDep1, an AGG3-type subunit encoding gene that positively regulates culm elongation and seed size in barley. (lu.se)

They dynamically regulate the expression of genes, transposable elements, and higher-order chromatin structures. (pasteur.fr)
SWI/SNF complexes regulate gene activity (expression) by a process known as chromatin remodeling. (medlineplus.gov)
Although it is unclear how these changes affect SWI/SNF complexes, researchers suggest that ARID1A gene variants result in abnormal chromatin remodeling. (medlineplus.gov)

Nonetheless, the molecular mechanisms by which microglia regulate nerve regeneration and determine depressive-like behaviors remain unclear. (frontiersin.org)
Different cells in the body have different functions that are controlled by molecular switches that turn the expression of genes on or off. (tecan.com)
Problems with RNA editing show up in many human diseases, including those of neurodegeneration, cancer, and blood disorders," said Gene Yeo, Ph.D., assistant professor in the department of cellular and molecular medicine at UC San Diego. (genengnews.com)
At the molecular level, we found that Cul3 controls neuronal migration by tightly regulating the amount of Plastin3 (Pls3), a previously unrecognized player of neural migration. (nature.com)
However, the molecular and cellular functions of the majority of the identified genes remain poorly understood. (nature.com)
At the molecular level, Cul3 regulates cytoskeletal and adhesion protein abundance in mouse embryos. (nature.com)
To elucidate the molecular basis of the differential HCK gene expression, the genomic region containing the HCK promoter was isolated and functionally characterized. (uni-frankfurt.de)
Based on our identified miRNA-regulated molecular machinery, an inhibitor of PDK1/Akt BX-912, an anthracycline antibiotic daunorubicin, and a multi-targeted protein kinase inhibitor midostaurin were discovered as potential repositioning drugs for treating lung cancer. (cdc.gov)

Epigenetic mechanisms are essential to establish and safeguard cellular identities in mammals. (pasteur.fr)
Transcriptional mechanisms underlying this cellular reprogramming are still poorly understood. (uni-koeln.de)
Streptococcal pathogens continue to evade concerted efforts to decipher clear-cut virulence mechanisms, although numerous genes have been implicated in pathogenesis. (cdc.gov)

Cell signaling in plant development usually involves a receptor (i.e. for a hormone or light molecule) and a signal transduction pathway, which concludes with a cellular response that is relevant to the plants development. (hightimes.com)
Enhancing HH signaling by decreasing the gene dosage of a negative regulator of the pathway, Ptch1 , decreased cell death and rescued the midface defect in both Tctn2 and Cc2d2a mutants. (elifesciences.org)
BAG-1L Protects SH-SY5Y Neuroblastoma Cells Against Hypoxia/Re-oxygenation Through Up-Regulating HSP70 and Activating PI3K/AKT Signaling Pathway. (nih.gov)
E3 ubiquitin ligases regulate cellular protein composition by providing target recognition and specificity to the ubiquitin-dependent proteasomal degradation pathway 12 . (nature.com)
Neuronal loss of the serine-threonine protein kinase Tao , a regulator of the Hippo signaling pathway, results in supernumerary boutons, each of which contain a normal number of active zones. (sdbonline.org)
The insulin signaling pathway is a central regulator of energy metabolism, particularly in the context of glucose homeostasis. (alliedacademies.org)
Insulin signaling pathway activates phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K), which phosphorylates and activates Akt (also known as protein kinase B). Akt regulates glucose transport by promoting the translocation of glucose transporters, such as GLUT4, to the plasma membrane. (alliedacademies.org)
In the poster section, Joanna Shisler (University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign [UIUC], Urbana) reported that the modified virus, Ankara, activates nuclear factor κB through the mitogen-activated protein kinase, extracellular signal-regulated kinase (MEK)/extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) pathway, possibly facilitating the host immune response. (cdc.gov)
In the poster section, Joanna Shisler (University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign [UIUC], Urbana) reported that the modified virus, Ankara, activates nuclear factor κB through the mitogen-activated protein kinase, extracellular signal–regulated kinase (MEK)/extracellular signal–regulated kinase (ERK) pathway, possibly facilitating the host immune response. (cdc.gov)

Firstly, atonal directly regulates Rfx, a well-known highly conserved ciliogenesis transcriptional regulator. (tcd.ie)
These ATG genes are highly conserved in mammalian cells, allowing to study their functions also in higher eukaryotes [ 1 - 4 ]. (hindawi.com)

The TP53 gene is located on the short arm of chromosome 17 (17p13.1) that encodes the nuclear protein p53, whereas the mdm 2 gene maps to the long arm of chromosome 12(12q13-14) and encodes mdm2 protein (1) . (aacrjournals.org)
Here we show that bivalent domains and chromosome architecture for bivalent genes are dynamically regulated during the cell cycle in human pluripotent cells. (researchgate.net)
Cystic fibrosis (CF) is an autosomal recessive condition caused by the mutation of the cystic fibrosis trans-membrane regulator gene (CFTR) on chromosome 7. (who.int)
sults: sodium 133 mmol/L, potassium membrane regulator gene ( CFTR ) on He was readmitted 5 more times 3.4 mmol/L, chloride 100 mmol/L and chromosome 7. (who.int)

Treatment with 200 mg/kg bodyweight C-PC (Group III) transcriptionally regulated the instability of the expression of these genes, thus ensuring C-PC is a prospective anticataractogenic agent that probably delays the onset and progression of cataractogenesis induced by sodium selenite. (molvis.org)

miR-128-5p targets the tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases (TIMPs), silent information regulator 2 (SIRT2), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR), and p21 genes, which are linked to the behaviours of VSMCs. (hindawi.com)

The Novina Lab is using CRISPR-Cas9 based systems to develop novel approaches to regulate key inhibitory genes for adoptive cellular therapies. (dana-farber.org)
In the study, Burdine and two graduate students Jose Pelliccia and Granton Jindal used CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing to remove Vg1, known as Gdf3 in zebrafish. (princeton.edu)

Epigenetics (from the Greek epi - over, outside of, around) is the study of heritable changes in gene expression that occur without changes in DNA sequence (such as mutations and deletions). (tecan.com)
De novo loss of function mutations in the ubiquitin ligase-encoding gene Cullin3 ( CUL3) lead to autism spectrum disorder (ASD). (nature.com)
CUL3 ASD-associated genetic variants are most often de novo missense or loss of function (loF) mutations, dispersed throughout the entire gene and affecting distinct protein domains. (nature.com)
More than 30 variants (also known as mutations) in the ARID1A gene can cause Coffin-Siris syndrome. (medlineplus.gov)
SCID results from mutations in any of more than 15 known genes. (medscape.com)

The protein encoded by this gene binds to Bcl2 protein and is referred to as Bcl2-associated athanogene. (nih.gov)
Subsequent phosphorylation of both threonine residue 308 and serine residue 473 is required for full activation of the AKT1 protein encoded by this gene. (senescence.info)
focused on another gene called UPF1 because cells without the protein encoded by this gene have similar defects in nonsense-mediated decay as cells with active DUX4 . (elifesciences.org)

Therefore, our genetic screen has identified new regulators of key cellular states. (pasteur.fr)
There are also epigenetic regulators that modify genetic regions to change their expression levels. (tecan.com)
The study found that zebrafish that failed to inherit specific genetic instructions from mom developed fatal defects earlier in development, even if the fish could make their own version of the gene. (princeton.edu)
A curated database of genes associated with dietary restriction in model organisms either from genetic manipulation experiments or gene expression profiling. (senescence.info)
It is likely that other genetic changes in addition to ARID1A gene variants are necessary for cancer development. (medlineplus.gov)
The suspected diagnosis of cystic fibrosis was confirmed with a sweat chloride level of 120 mmol/L and homo-zygozity for the Delta F 508 gene on genetic studies. (who.int)
With the advances in BMT and gene therapy, patients now have a better likelihood of developing a functional immune system in a previously lethal genetic disease. (medscape.com)

Here we show that Cul3 is essential to regulate neuronal migration and, therefore, constitutive Cul3 heterozygous mutant mice display cortical lamination abnormalities. (nature.com)
Here, we show that Cul3 is required during brain development to regulate neuronal migration and thus precisely assemble the cerebral cortex. (nature.com)

More than 900 miRNAs are encoded in the human genome and comprise approximately 2% of all mammalian genes. (iptoday.com)

Special cellular machinery should be activated to fight against increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) level to protect from oxidative injury. (springer.com)

Central to this is the transient increase in H3K4-trimethylation at developmental genes during G1, thereby creating a 'window of opportunity' for cell-fate specification. (researchgate.net)
Notably, circRNAs display cell-type, tissue-type and developmental-stage specific expression patterns in eukaryotic transcriptome, which reveals their significant regulatory functions in gene expression. (ijbs.com)

Arc/Arg3.1, Zif268 and Homer are IEGs that regulate synaptic strength in neurons. (wikipedia.org)
The directed expression of alpha-synuclein , a gene contributing to inherited forms of Parkinson disease (PD), in the dopaminergic neurons (DA) of flies provides a robust model of PD complete with the loss of neurons and accompanying motor defects. (sdbonline.org)
Among other findings, this reveals the onset of expression of genes required for construction of the ciliary dendrite, a key specialisation of mechanosensory neurons. (tcd.ie)

Only two Bcl-2 family genes have been found in Drosophila melanogaster including the pro-cell survival, human Bok-related orthologue, Buffy. (sdbonline.org)
Taken all together this demonstrates a role for Buffy, a Bcl-2 pro-cell survival gene, in neuroprotection. (sdbonline.org)
These results reveal that ciliary HH signaling mediates communication between the prechordal plate and the neurectoderm to provide cellular survival cues essential for development of the facial midline. (elifesciences.org)
Basal macroautophagy (thereafter referred to as autophagy), a catabolic recycling system in cells, is key to maintaining cellular homeostasis and survival. (hindawi.com)
In conclusion, the reduction in IAV copy number in DEFB1 overexpressing cells suggests that beta-defensin-1 plays a key role in regulating IAV survival through STAT3 and is a potential target for antiviral drug development. (cdc.gov)

Finally, we provide evidence that cellular phenotypes associated with autism-linked gene haploinsufficiency can be rescued by transcriptional activation of the intact allele in vitro, offering a proof of concept for a potential therapeutic approach for ASDs. (nature.com)

More importantly, circRNAs serve as microRNA (miRNA) sponges and crucial regulators of gene expression. (ijbs.com)
Based on our identified miRNA-regulated network, we discovered three drugsBX-912, daunorubicin, and midostaurinthat can be repositioned to treat lung cancer, which was not known before. (cdc.gov)

This gene encodes one of the three members of the human AKT serine-threonine protein kinase family which are often referred to as protein kinase B alpha, beta, and gamma. (senescence.info)

Real-time PCR analysis showed the crystallin genes ( αA- , βB1- , γD- ) and redox cycle components ( Cat , SOD-1 , Gpx ) were downregulated, the apoptotic components were upregulated, and antiapoptotic Bcl-2 was downregulated in Group II. (molvis.org)

AMP-Activated Protein Kinase (AMPK) is a master regulator of cellular energy status. (alliedacademies.org)
It stimulates mitochondrial biogenesis by activating peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator-1 alpha (PGC-1α), a master regulator of mitochondrial biogenesis. (alliedacademies.org)

The tightly regulated and dynamic process is characterized by de novo formation of autophagosomes. (hindawi.com)

These results demonstrate AKAP12 as a central regulator of meningioma aggressiveness with a possible role in progression. (nature.com)

The Wucherpfennig Lab has developed a novel approach for systematic discovery of negative regulators of T cell function in the tumor microenvironment and discovered a large number of genes that represent candidate therapeutic targets. (dana-farber.org)
Targeting of key negative regulators may boost the function of T cells in solid tumors which have a highly immunosuppressive microenvironment. (dana-farber.org)

In this review, we discuss current understanding of the role and mechanism of cellular senescence in kidney fibrosis. (frontiersin.org)
In this review, we summarize the evidence linking cellular senescence to the pathogenesis of CKD and discuss current understanding of the mechanism and regulators controlling senescence. (frontiersin.org)
Importantly, this article elucidates a plausible mechanism by which microglia regulate inflammation and neurogenesis in ameliorating MDD. (frontiersin.org)
The mechanism by which variants in the ARID1A gene contribute to cancer is unknown, although it is thought that changes in SWI/SNF complexes are involved. (medlineplus.gov)

It plays a crucial role in maintaining cellular homeostasis and supporting various physiological functions. (alliedacademies.org)

In the context of DNA damage, p53 is thought to be a decision-making transcription factor that selectively activates genes as part of specific gene expression programmes to determine cellular outcomes. (nih.gov)

The conserved Ste20-like kinase Tao was identified as a negative regulator of synaptic growth required for maintenance of circuit specificity and connectivity. (sdbonline.org)

Aging kidney and CKD share many common characteristic features with increased cellular senescence, a conserved program characterized by an irreversible cell cycle arrest with altered transcriptome and secretome. (frontiersin.org)
Cellular senescence is characterized by an irreversible and permanent cell cycle arrest coupled with altered transcriptome and secretome. (frontiersin.org)
Database of human genes associated with cellular senescence. (senescence.info)

We investigate the genes regulating biosynthesis and metabolism of cytokinin, cytokinin signal perception and signal transduction primarily in the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana . (fu-berlin.de)
miRNAs are recognized as important regulators of lipid metabolism, inflammatory mediators, and VSMC behaviours in the progression of AS [ 10 ]. (hindawi.com)
The extract of Alisma orientale exerted a protective effect on nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and palmitate-induced cellular injury [ 21 , 22 ], suggesting that it could be a potential treatment for abnormal lipid metabolism syndrome. (hindawi.com)
Cellular energy metabolism is a highly regulated process that involves the conversion of nutrients into usable energy in the form of ATP. (alliedacademies.org)

Significant downregulation of beta-defensin1 gene (DEFB1) expression was observed when human bronchial epithelial cells (HBEpCs) were exposed to IAV. (cdc.gov)

All these epigenetic changes define cellular identity such that each cell has a specific epigenetic profile that tailors gene expression to match its function. (tecan.com)
One way genes can be controlled is by adding small chemical tags that mark them out to be activated or deactivated, known as epigenetic control. (elifesciences.org)

Immediate early genes (IEGs) are genes which are activated transiently and rapidly in response to a wide variety of cellular stimuli. (wikipedia.org)

This study was designed to examine the constrictive potential of C-Phycocyanin (C-PC) in regulating changes imposed on gene expression in the selenite-induced cataract model. (molvis.org)

Intracellular flow cytometry also provides rich information concerning cellular function and signaling responses. (bdbiosciences.com)
What are the cellular responses to cytokinin? (fu-berlin.de)
Finally, cytokinin regulates responses to stress. (fu-berlin.de)
From the list of genes that were targeted by the 73 diagnostic miRNAs, DGKE and WDR47 had significant associations with responses to both systemic therapies and radiotherapy in lung cancer. (cdc.gov)

Importantly, Cdc42 regulates membrane traffic at numerous sites. (rupress.org)

When growth stimulating genes are activated, cells begin to grow and increase in size. (hightimes.com)
Misregulation of miRNAs appears to play a fundamental role in many cancers and replacement of down regulated miRNAs in tumor cells results in a positive therapeutic response. (iptoday.com)
As ChIP-seq cannot establish physical co-occurrence of two marks on the same allele, admixture of cells that either express (green) or do not express (red) the gene in focus could explain the occurrence of both marks as well as the low expression level in the overall population. (researchgate.net)
In contrast, in the case of ''true'' bivalency, virtually all cells in the population carry both marks simultaneously at the promoter in question, leading to low, if any, expression for that gene in all cells. (researchgate.net)
Thus, it has been argued that the observed bivalency simply reflects cellular heterogeneity arising from the averaging of cells that carry either, but not both, marks at a given locus (Fig. 2). (researchgate.net)
Here we report DBC1 as a key regulator of AR-V7 transcriptional activity and stability in CRPC cells. (cancerindex.org)
proven to recruit the histone methyltransferase G9a towards the promoter of knockout mice shows that Blimp1 can be a crucial determinant from the germ cell lineage (7, 8), which is important for constant repression of homeobox genes that normally accompany standards of primordial germ cells (PGCs) (7). (immune-source.com)
No difference was found in how often the UPF1 gene is activated in FSHD cells and normal cells. (elifesciences.org)

Unlike siRNAs, miRNAs are encoded in the human genome and are used as natural regulators of global gene expression. (iptoday.com)
Studies of human genome demonstrate that protein-coding genes only occupy less than 2% of the entire genome [ 1 ]. (ijbs.com)

The ARID1A gene variants involved in Coffin-Siris syndrome lead to an abnormally short, nonfunctional protein. (medlineplus.gov)
Variants in the ARID1A gene have been found in many types of cancer, including cancers of the ovaries and lining of the uterus (endometrium) in women and cancers of the kidney, stomach, bladder, lung, breast, and brain. (medlineplus.gov)

Anatomy18

Organisms28

Diseases8

Chemicals and Drugs92

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment26

Phenomena and Processes87

Information Science3

Proteins25

Pathways13

Target genes5

MRNA6

Negatively4

Regulation13

Proliferation8

Processes10

Tumor suppressor1

Transcription factors10

Physiology4

Downstream3

Actin cytoskeleton2

Differentiation14

Critical regulators of cellular1

Positively4

Chromatin3

Molecular8

Mechanisms3

Pathway9

Highly conserved2

Chromosome4

Transcriptionally1

Silent information regulator1

CRISPR-Cas92

Mutations5

Protein encoded by this gene3

Genetic7

Neuronal2

Mammalian1

Reactive oxygen1

Developmental2

Neurons3

Survival5

Phenotypes1

MiRNA2

Encodes1

Redox1

Master regulator2

Tightly regulated1

Central regulator1

Negative regulators2

Mechanism4

Physiological1

Activates1

Synaptic1

Senescence3

Metabolism4

Epithelial1

Epigenetic2

Wide variety of cellular1

Imposed on gene expression1

Responses4

Membrane1

Cells8

Human genome2

Variants2