• Norder H , Couroucé A , Coursaget P , Echevarria J , Lee S , Mushahwar I , Genetic diversity of hepatitis B virus strains derived worldwide: genotypes, subgenotypes, and HBsAg subtypes. (cdc.gov)
  • Weinberger K , Bauer T , Bohm S , Jilg W . High genetic variability of the group-specific a-determinant of hepatitis B virus surface antigen (HBsAg) and the corresponding fragment of the viral polymerase in chronic virus carriers lacking detectable HBsAg in serum. (cdc.gov)
  • The HBV has four genes: S, P, C, and X. The S gene codes for the "major" envelope protein (HBsAg). (wikipedia.org)
  • Here we report a strategy for genetic transformation of lettuce plants (Lactuca sativa L.) using the surface antigen HBsAg of hepatitis B virus. (scielo.br)
  • HBsAg was the first viral antigen chosen to be produced in transgenic plants, firstly in tobacco [3] and subsequently in lupin callus and lettuce adapted to colder climates [4]. (scielo.br)
  • HBsAg is the abundantly expressed envelope protein as a dimmer of two identical polypeptides encoded by the same gene. (scielo.br)
  • Thus, striking improvements in recombinant antigen were achieved by alternative polyadenylation signals and fusion proteins containing targeting signals designed to enhance integration or retention of HBsAg in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) of plant cells [6]. (scielo.br)
  • This study was done to evaluate efficacy of HBV vaccination on hepatitis B virus surface antigen (HBsAg) carrier rate in children with thalassaemia major receiving multiple blood transfusions. (who.int)
  • Parents of a child with a family history of que tienen el gene del antígeno de superficie del virus de la Hepatitis B. El antígeno de superficie de la Hepatitis B (HBsAg) expresado en las genetically engineered Hansenula polymorpha yeast cells having the surface antigen gene of the Hepatitis B virus. (who.int)
  • Tiomersal es agregado como surface antigen (HBsAg) expressed in the cells of Hansenula polymorpha is purified through several chemical steps using recombinant regarding appropriate medical care in the unlikely event of a seizure. (who.int)
  • Results: Homozygosity for KIR group A gene-content haplotype was associated with HBsAg carriage (OR 3.7, 95% CI 1.4-10.0) whilst telomeric A genotype (t-AA) was associated with reduced risk of e antigenaemia (OR 0.2, 95% CI 0.0-0.6) and lower viral loads (mean log viral load 5.2 vs. 6.9, pc = 0.022). (edgehill.ac.uk)
  • They all reduced cell proliferation but differ from each other in effect on the secretion of alphafetoprotein (AFP) and hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg), changes in morphology and RNA transcription. (elsevierpure.com)
  • outer lipid envelope with the surface antigen (HBsAg). (slideserve.com)
  • Therefore, HBsAg quantification (qHBsAg), HB corerelated antigen (HBcrAg) and HBV RNA among others, have been suggested as additional markers that could predict more precisely, patients with active infection who are likely to have long term complications [12]. (jscimedcentral.com)
  • There is a renewed interest in the quantitative HBsAg (qHBsAg) assay as a marker of hepatitis B viral activities in the last ten years [13]. (jscimedcentral.com)
  • A plasmid containing the gene for hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) is inserted into common baker's yeast, which then produces HBsAg. (msdmanuals.com)
  • In animal trials, reported in the May 2013 journal Molecular Therapy, RNA interference (RNAi) treatment reduced hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) levels to undetectable within 24 hours in mice and the antigen remained undetectable for nearly a month. (hepb.org)
  • We evaluated hepatitis B floor antigen (HBsAg) kinetics after NAs discontinuation and through retreatment resulting from off-treatment scientific relapse amongst non-cirrhotic HBeAg-positive CHB sufferers. (jointsjournal.eu)
  • In addition, to enhance particulate formation, three other plasmids containing the fusion of polytopes with hepatitis B surface antigen gene (HBsAg) were also constructed. (hal.science)
  • The infectious HBV virion (Dane particle) has a spherical, double-shelled structure 42 nm in diameter, consisting of a lipid envelope containing HBsAg surrounding an inner nucleocapsid composed of hepatitis B core antigen (HBcAg) complexed with virally encoded polymerase and the viral DNA genome. (neodx.in)
  • Nainan O , Khristova M , Byun K , Xia G , Taylor P , Stevens C , Genetic variation of hepatitis B surface antigen coding region among infants with chronic hepatitis B virus infection. (cdc.gov)
  • NSP1 (gene 5) and VP6 (gene 6) are expressed early in infection, and VP6 is expressed in excess over NSP1. (microbiologyresearch.org)
  • Due to high risk of developing acute or chronic hepatic failure and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection (CHB) remains a heavy burden and substantial challenge to global public health [ 1 - 3 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • The disease often is associated with other autoimmune diseases, but autoimmune hepatitis cannot be explained on the basis of chronic viral infection, alcohol consumption, or exposure to hepatotoxic medications or chemicals. (medscape.com)
  • There are about 350 million hepatitis B virus (HBV) carriers in worldwide and these chronic carriers are responsible for one to five percent of infection spreading [1]. (scielo.br)
  • ABSTRACT Screening of blood reduces but does not eliminate the risk of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection in multi-transfused thalassaemia patients. (who.int)
  • This technique is best for "when you have an enriched population of antigen-specific cells-they're not there, except for a short time after vaccination or infection," says Wilson. (the-scientist.com)
  • Thus genes and haplotypes encoding these receptors may be important in determining both outcome of initial hepatitis infection and subsequent chronic liver disease and tumour formation. (edgehill.ac.uk)
  • Viral hepatitis is viral infection of the liver that causes hepatic inflammation which is followed by the classic icteric symptoms of jaundice and the release of liver enzymes. (slideserve.com)
  • As per WHO estimates, 296 million people were living with chronic hepatitis B infection in 2019, and ~ 1.5 million new HBV infections are recorded each year. (biomedcentral.com)
  • It acts as a serum antigen marker after hepatitis B infection. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Chronic hepatitis B infection is a public health problem with about 240 million people affected worldwide [1]. (jscimedcentral.com)
  • Chronic Hepatitis B infection is responsible for about 600,000 deaths annually [5]. (jscimedcentral.com)
  • Major international and local guidelines suggested the use of serum HBV DNA quantification and serum alanine transferase (ALT) as markers to select patients with active chronic hepatitis B infection [7-10]. (jscimedcentral.com)
  • European Association for the Study of the Liver (EASL) and Asian Pacific Association for the study of the liver (APASL) guidelines recommended HBVDNA quantification greater than or equal to 2000IU/ml and raised serum alanine transaminase as criteria for active chronic hepatitis B infection which should be treated. (jscimedcentral.com)
  • The aim of this study was to describe the pattern of Hepatitis B surface antigen and DNA quantification among patients with e negative chronic hepatitis B virus infection attending two hospitals in south west Nigeria and determine if any, correlation between the two. (jscimedcentral.com)
  • Chronic infection with viral hepatitis affects half a billion individuals worldwide and can lead to cirrhosis, cancer, and liver failure. (wjgnet.com)
  • The receptor for mouse hepatitis virus in the resistant mouse strain SJL is functional: implications for the requirement of a second factor for viral infection. (uci.edu)
  • The present invention provides a simple and robust human liver cell-based system in which persistent hepatitis C infection, persistent hepatitis B infection or ethanol exposure induces a clinical Prognostic Liver Signature (PLS) high-risk gene signature. (sumobrain.com)
  • Altered expression levels of specific microRNAs are associated with hepatitis B virus infection and hepatocellular carcinoma. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a world-wide problem and approximately 240 million people live with a chronic HBV infection. (biomedcentral.com)
  • ABSTRACT Chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection combined with occult hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection has been associated with increased risk of hepatitis, cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. (who.int)
  • This study aimed to determine the prevalence of occult HBV infection among Egyptian chronic HCV patients, the genotype and occurrence of surface gene mutations of HBV and the impact of co-infection on early response to treatment. (who.int)
  • This vaccine cannot cause hepatitis B virus infection because no potentially infectious viral DNA or complete viral particles are produced during this process. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Background: Studies of natural hepatitis B virus infection must be restricted to humans or primates due to viral species-specificity. (elsevierpure.com)
  • The hepatitis B virus usually leads to a short-term infection known as acute hepatitis B . If their infection is left untreated, some people develop chronic hepatitis B . Chronic hepatitis B is a serious, permanent condition that can cause organ damage, cirrhosis , liver cancer , liver failure, and even death. (hepatitisprohelp.com)
  • Adults who are at risk of developing hepatitis B should also receive the vaccine, which is highly effective in preventing infection. (hepatitisprohelp.com)
  • Persons born in countries where hepatitis B infection is endemic should be tested and vaccinated if susceptible. (hepatitisprohelp.com)
  • International travelers to regions with high or intermediate rates of endemic hepatitis B infection. (hepatitisprohelp.com)
  • Residents and staff of facilities for developmentally disabled persons, corrections facilities, and other facilities that serve adults at risk for hepatitis B infection. (hepatitisprohelp.com)
  • ENGERIX-B is indicated for immunization against infection caused by all known subtypes of hepatitis B virus. (druglib.com)
  • As hepatitis D (caused by the delta virus) does not occur in the absence of hepatitis B infection, it can be expected that hepatitis D will also be prevented by ENGERIX-B vaccination. (druglib.com)
  • NSCLC known to have a known or likely oncogenic-driver mutation in the EGFR gene, as identified by site local testing or Sponsor central testing Liver disease Positive hepatitis B surface antigen test at screening Patients known to be positive for hepatitis C virus antibody HIV infection, patients are excluded if HIV is not adequately controlled (specific criteria apply). (who.int)
  • Hepatitis B is a serious liver infection caused by the hepatitis B virus (HBV). (neodx.in)
  • Approximately one-third of adults with acute HBV infection develop clinical symptoms and signs of hepatitis, which range from mild constitutional symptoms of fatigue and nausea to more marked symptoms and jaundice, and rarely to acute liver failure. (neodx.in)
  • The younger a person is when infected with the hepatitis B virus, the greater the chance of developing chronic infection. (neodx.in)
  • By contrast, almost all children 6 years and older and adults infected with the hepatitis B virus recover completely and do not develop chronic infection. (neodx.in)
  • Hepatitis B infection acquired in adulthood leads to chronic hepatitis in less than 5% of cases, whereas infection in infancy and early childhood leads to chronic hepatitis in about 95% of cases. (neodx.in)
  • The incubation period of the hepatitis B virus ranges from 30 to 180 days & virus may be detected within 30 to 60 days after infection. (neodx.in)
  • Persistent infection can develop into chronic hepatitis B, especially when transmitted in infancy or childhood. (neodx.in)
  • Positive tests for antinuclear antibodies (ANAs) and anti-smooth-muscle antibodies (ASMAs): Tests for antibodies to liver-kidney microsome type 1 (anti-LKM-1), soluble liver antigen (anti-SLA), and liver cytosol type 1 (anti-LC1) may be helpful if ANA and ASMA test results are negative. (medscape.com)
  • Liver biopsy remains an important part of the diagnostic workup of patients with suspected autoimmune hepatitis. (medscape.com)
  • Liver transplantation can save the lives of patients dying from decompensated cirrhosis caused by autoimmune hepatitis. (medscape.com)
  • It can also be used to rescue patients with acute liver failure caused by autoimmune hepatitis. (medscape.com)
  • Frequently, immune serum markers are present, including autoantibodies against liver-specific and non-liver-specific antigens and increased immunoglobulin G (IgG) levels. (medscape.com)
  • Methods: We typed 15 KIR genes using the polymerase chain reaction with sequence specific primers (PCR-SSP) in 279 adult Gambians, 136 with liver disease (HCC or Cirrhosis) and 143 matched controls. (edgehill.ac.uk)
  • Larger studies are necessary to quantify the effects of individual KIR genes, haplotypes and KIR/HLA combinations on long-term viral carriage and risk of liver cancer. (edgehill.ac.uk)
  • In 2019, hepatitis B accounted for ~ 820,000 deaths, which were majorly contributed by cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (primary liver cancer) [ 2 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • We previously identified differentially expressed microRNAs with liver-specific target genes in plasma from children with chronic hepatitis B. To further understand the biological role of these microRNAs in the pathogenesis of chronic hepatitis B, we have used the human liver cell line HepG2, with and without HBV replication, after transfection of hepatitis B virus expression vectors. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Early RNAi research found that RNA silencing worked extremely well in the liver, but the challenge has been to create a formula and delivery system to target hepatitis B antigens in liver cells without affecting other important cells. (hepb.org)
  • Arrowhead Research Corp. found that when the small RNA interrupters are linked to cholesterol, they target liver cells extremely well, and the addition of special polymers helps the gene silencing process. (hepb.org)
  • Hepatitis B is a vaccine-preventable viral disease that involves inflammation of the liver . (hepatitisprohelp.com)
  • ENGERIX-B will not prevent hepatitis caused by other agents, such as hepatitis A, C, and E viruses, or other pathogens known to infect the liver. (druglib.com)
  • Peginterferon alfa-2a is indicated for adults with hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg)-positive and HBeAg-negative chronic hepatitis B disease with compensated liver disease and evidence of viral replication and liver inflammation. (medscape.com)
  • Peginterferon alfa-2a is also FDA approved for treatment of chronic hepatitis C, alone or in combination with ribavirin, in patients not previously treated with interferon alfa, and with compensated liver disease. (medscape.com)
  • In one case, the liver failure was considered to be due to advanced hepatitis or cirrhosis, but rheumatic heart disease was also present. (cdc.gov)
  • Jolivet-Reynaud C , Lesenchal M , O'Donnell B , Becquant L , Foussadiez A , Forge F , Localization of hepatitis B surface antigen epitopes present on variants and specifically recognized by anti-hepatitis B surface antigen monoclonal antibodies. (cdc.gov)
  • 16. Bose B, Chugh D.A., Kala M., Acharya S.K., Khanna N., Sinha S. " Characterization and molecular modeling of a highly stable anti-Hepatitis B surface antigen scFv" , Molecular Immunology, DOI. (iitg.ac.in)
  • Mangold C , Streeck R . Mutational analysis of the cysteine residues in the hepatitis B virus small envelope protein. (cdc.gov)
  • We measured the levels of gene 5 and gene 6 mRNA and showed that they were not significantly different, and protein analysis indicated no difference in stability of NSP1 compared with VP6. (microbiologyresearch.org)
  • Nucleotide sequence and expression in Escherichia coli of the gene encoding the nonstructural protein NCVP2 of bovine rotavirus. (microbiologyresearch.org)
  • Cloning and nucleotide sequence of the simian rotavirus gene 6 that codes for the major inner capsid protein. (microbiologyresearch.org)
  • The cross-talk between the hepatitis B virus X protein (HBx) and B7-H1 in hepatocarcinoma (HCC) is unclear. (nih.gov)
  • The coding region of the carboxy- terminal half of polyhedrin was removed and the remainder was ligated with the IGF II gene in phase to create a fusion protein gene consisting of the coding region of the amino-terminal half of polyhedrin and the IGF II gene. (microbiologyresearch.org)
  • This fusion protein gene was combined in a plasmid with the promoter and 5′ and 3′ flanking regions of the polyhedrin gene. (microbiologyresearch.org)
  • This is a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study in patients with dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) due to a mutation of the gene encoding the lamin A/C protein (LMNA). (stanfordhealthcare.org)
  • Patients with symptomatic lamin A/C protein (LMNA)-related cardiomyopathy Class II/III/ or Class IV defined as: - Gene positive for a pathogenic, likely pathogenic, or VUS mutation in the LMNA gene as determined by an accredited clinical laboratory. (stanfordhealthcare.org)
  • RNAi treatment works by destroying or "silencing" the molecular messengers that carry im- portant genetic information to the hepatitis B virus (HBV) antigen/ protein factories. (hepb.org)
  • YUE Li-Li, JI Xi-Peng, DENG Yan-Hui, LV Li-Qun, DENG Xiao-Zhao.Fusion of HBV e Gene with Green Fluorescent Protein Gene and Its Expression in E. coli Cells .VIROLOGICA SINICA, 1997, 12(4): 336. (virosin.org)
  • The bifunction fusion protein of hepatitis B virus e antigen and mutant green fluorescent protein was expressed in E. coli BL21 strain. (virosin.org)
  • The approach in which the antigen was tagged by equal molecular GFP allows using the bi-function fusion protein to establish a new method for immunogical diagnosis. (virosin.org)
  • Genes whose protein products stimulate or enhance the division and viability of cells. (cancerquest.org)
  • Genes whose protein products can directly or indirectly prevent cell division or lead to cell death. (cancerquest.org)
  • As an example TP 53 refers to the gene and p53 refers to the protein. (cancerquest.org)
  • Peginterferon alfa-2a binds to cell surface receptors in a cascade of protein interactions, resulting in gene transcription. (medscape.com)
  • The immunomodulatory effects of interferon alfa-2b include enhancement of cytolytic T-cell activity, stimulation of natural killer cell activity, amplification of human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class I protein on infected cells, and suppression of tumor cell proliferation. (medscape.com)
  • [ 1 ] This protein, also known as polymorphic epithelial mucin or epithelial membrane antigen, has a large extracellular region, a transmembrane sequence, and a cytosolic domain. (medscape.com)
  • Module A contained serum samples spiked with cultured dengue virus (DENV) or chikungunya virus (CHIKV) for the detection of nucleic acid and DENV non-structural protein 1 (NS1) antigen. (who.int)
  • an electron-dense core (nucleocapsid): ds circular DNA and polymerase surrounded by the core antigen (HBcAg). (slideserve.com)
  • Replication of hepatitis B virus and viral gene expression was determined by analysis of blood and transplanted tissues with viral DNA and hepatitis B core antigen expression. (elsevierpure.com)
  • Hepatitis B virus replicated in transplanted 2.2.15 cells as shown by hepatitis B core antigen expression. (elsevierpure.com)
  • La Vacuna Adsorbida Antidiftérica, Antitetánica, contra la tos Ferina y la Hepatitis B en la forma suministrada por el Serum Institute of India Pvt. (who.int)
  • Diphtheria, Tetanus, Pertussis and Hepatitis B Vaccine Adsorbed as supplied by Serum Institute of India Pvt. (who.int)
  • Current studies suggest that dyslipidemia affects the antiviral efficacy of hepatitis C virus (HCV) therapies, while recent studies suggest that serum lipids influence the response rates of chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients receiving PEGylated interferon-alpha (Peg IFN-α) treatment. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Serum positive for hepatitis B surface antigen, viremic hepatitis C, or human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) at screening. (stanfordhealthcare.org)
  • Autoimmune hepatitis is a chronic disease of unknown cause, characterized by continuing hepatocellular inflammation and necrosis. (medscape.com)
  • Background: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) causes over 800,000 deaths worldwide annually, mainly in low income countries, and incidence is rising rapidly in the developed world with the spread of hepatitis B (HBV) and C (HCV) viruses. (edgehill.ac.uk)
  • Autoimmune hepatitis may present as acute or chronic hepatitis or as well-established cirrhosis. (medscape.com)
  • Prolongation of the international normalized ratio (INR) and hypoalbuminemia: These markers of severe hepatic synthetic dysfunction may be observed in patients with acute severe autoimmune hepatitis or decompensated cirrhosis. (medscape.com)
  • The largest gene is P. It codes for DNA polymerase. (wikipedia.org)
  • Polyadenylation is essential for the stability of the transcript, preventing the mRNA from being the target of posttranscriptional gene silencing (PTGS) via RNA-dependent RNA polymerase 6 (RDR6) in plants ( Luo and Chen, 2007 ). (frontiersin.org)
  • In folk medicine P. amarus has reportedly been used to treat jaundice, diabetes, otitis, diarrhoea, swelling, skin ulcer, gastrointestinal disturbances and blocks DNA polymerase in the case of hepatitis B virus during reproduction ( Oluwafemi and Debiri, 2008 ). (scialert.net)
  • Tenofovir is a nucleotide analogue (adenosine monophosphate) reverse transcriptase and hepatitis B virus (HBV) polymerase inhibitor. (medscape.com)
  • Entecavir is a guanosine nucleoside analogue with activity against hepatitis B virus (HBV) polymerase. (medscape.com)
  • Qiu X , Schroeder P , Bridon D . Identification and characterization of a C(K/R)TC motif as a common epitope present in all subtypes of hepatitis B surface antigen. (cdc.gov)
  • Chen Y-C , Delbrook K , Dealwis C , Mimms L , Mushahwar I , Mandecki W . Discontinuous epitopes of hepatitis B surface antigen derived from a filamentous phage peptide library. (cdc.gov)
  • Antoni BA , Rodriguez-Crespo I , Gomez-Gutierrez J , Nieto M , Peterson D , Gavilanes F . Site-directed mutagenesis of cysteine residues of hepatitis B surface antigen. (cdc.gov)
  • Shearera M , Sureaub C , Dunbarc B , Kennedy R . Structural characterization of viral neutralizing monoclonal antibodies to hepatitis B surface antigen. (cdc.gov)
  • Des enfants souffrant de thalassémie majeure, âgés de moins de 60 mois, ayant reçu plus de 24 transfusions sanguines et qui étaient négatifs pour l'antigène de surface du virus de l'hépatite B au moment de la première transfusion ont été inclus dans une étude de cohorte réalisée dans un hôpital de Bahawalpur (Pakistan) en 2009 et 2010. (who.int)
  • Surface antigen of the Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is obtained by culturing of immunization, and also inquire about the recent health status of the patient to be injected. (who.int)
  • 12. Bose B, Khanna N., Acharya S.K., Sinha S. " Generation and characterization of a single gene mouse-human chimeric antibody against hepatitis B surface antigen. (iitg.ac.in)
  • 14. Bose B, Khanna N., Acharya S.K., Sinha S " A high affinity mouse-human chimeric Fab against Hepatitis B surface antigen. (iitg.ac.in)
  • Conclusion: Certain KIR profiles may promote clearance of hepatitis B surface antigen whilst others predispose to e antigen carriage and high viral load. (edgehill.ac.uk)
  • METHODS: Healthy women ages 18-34 years, not pregnant, seronegative for HIV and hepatitis B surface antigen, not using hormonal contraception, and at low risk for HIV were randomized 2:2:1 to continuous use of a tenofovir/levonorgestrel (TFV/LNG), TFV, or placebo intravaginal ring (IVR). (cdc.gov)
  • The coding sequences of the hepatitis B virus surface antigen were inserted into a baculovirus transfer vector produced from Autographa califomica nuclear polyhedrosis virus (AcNPV) so that the foreign gene was under the control of the AcNPV polyhedrin promoter. (microbiologyresearch.org)
  • This study aimed to describe the pattern of quantitative hepatitis B surface antigen and DNA quantification among patients with e negative chronic hepatitis B. (jscimedcentral.com)
  • There is however paucity of data on the pattern of quantitative hepatitis B surface antigenaemia and its correlation with the viral loadin sub-Sahara Africa. (jscimedcentral.com)
  • The study enrolled 162 chronic HCV patients from Ismailia Fever Hospital, Egypt, who were HBV surface antigen- negative. (who.int)
  • PreHevbrio contains the small (S), middle (pre-S2), and large (pre-S1) hepatitis B surface antigens. (msdmanuals.com)
  • It contains purified surface antigen of the virus obtained by culturing genetically engineered Saccharomyces cerevisiae cells, which carry the surface antigen gene of the hepatitis B virus. (druglib.com)
  • The surface antigen expressed in Saccharomyces cerevisiae cells is purified by several physicochemical steps and formulated as a suspension of the antigen adsorbed on aluminum hydroxide. (druglib.com)
  • Classroom contacts of deinstitutionalized mentally handicapped persons who have persistent hepatitis B surface antigenemia and who show aggressive behavior. (druglib.com)
  • Household and other intimate contacts of persons with persistent hepatitis B surface antigenemia. (druglib.com)
  • Patients with any of the following conditions documented in the hospital record were excluded: diabetes mellitus, ischemic heart disease, chronic renal failure, jaundice or seropositivity for hepatitis B surface antigen, Hepatitis C Virus or Human Immunodeficiency Virus. (cgp60474.com)
  • HBV-DNA was detectable in sera from 3 patients out of the 40 patients who were positive for hepatitis B core antibody. (who.int)
  • The determinants of the outcome of chronic hepatitis B appear to be both viral (HBV DNA levels, HBV genotype, some HBV mutation patterns) and host-specific (age, gender, genetic background, immune status). (neodx.in)
  • Carman W , Zanetti A , Karayiannis P , Waters J , Manzillo G , Tanzi E , Vaccine-induced escape mutant of hepatitis B virus. (cdc.gov)
  • Shizuma T , Hasegawa K , Ishikawa K , Naritomi T , Iizuka A , Kanai N , Molecular analysis of antigenicity and immunogenicity of a vaccine-induced escape mutant of hepatitis B virus. (cdc.gov)
  • The obtainment of transgenic edible plants carrying recombinant antigens is a desired issue in search for economic alternatives viewing vaccine production. (scielo.br)
  • More recently, Wilson and others have devised ways to isolate single, antigen-specific B cells from the blood of human donors with active immune responses against a particular pathogen or vaccine. (the-scientist.com)
  • He then took a position of professor at Osaka University in 1975, where he pioneered hepatitis B research and succeeded in vaccine production using yeast system. (dna-chip.co.jp)
  • Despite free administration of the hepatitis B vaccine, ~ 93 million individuals are still infected with chronic HBV in China, which includes ~ 20 million patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB) [ 3 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • For more information, see Hepatitis B Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices Vaccine Recommendations and Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC): Hepatitis B Vaccination . (msdmanuals.com)
  • Hepatitis B vaccine is produced using recombinant DNA technology. (msdmanuals.com)
  • A combined vaccine hepatitis A vaccine/hepatitis B vaccine is also available. (msdmanuals.com)
  • About 1 out of every 600,000 doses of the hepatitis B vaccine will cause a severe allergic reaction, called anaphylaxis, with symptoms including swelling of the mouth, difficulty breathing, low blood pressure or shock. (hepatitisprohelp.com)
  • Since 1991, ALL medically stable infants with a birth weight of at least 2,000 g in the U.S. are recommended to receive the first dose of hepatitis B vaccine within 24 hours of birth. (hepatitisprohelp.com)
  • Combination vaccines, such as the pentavalent and hexavalent vaccines, include protection against 5 or 6 diseases, including hepatitis B. The first shot is usually given at 6 weeks of age, but in order to protect infants from hepatitis B beginning at birth, a monovalent or single dose of the hepatitis B vaccine is also recommended within 24 hours of birth. (hepatitisprohelp.com)
  • The hepatitis B vaccine series can then be completed with the pentavalent or hexavalent vaccine with the recommended schedule. (hepatitisprohelp.com)
  • Read on to learn more about the hepatitis B vaccine for adults, including who should receive it, the details of the dosage schedule , side effects, and more. (hepatitisprohelp.com)
  • Infants born to hepatitis B-positive women need hepatitis B vaccine and HBIG within 12 hours of birth. (hepatitisprohelp.com)
  • ENGERIX-B [Hepatitis B Vaccine (Recombinant)] is a noninfectious recombinant DNA hepatitis B vaccine developed and manufactured by GlaxoSmithKline Biologicals. (druglib.com)
  • Risk factors for hepatitis C are similar to those for hepatitis B. Consequently, immunization with hepatitis B vaccine is recommended for individuals with chronic hepatitis C. (druglib.com)
  • Polytope DNA vaccine development against hepatitis C virus: a streamlined approach from in silico design to in vitro and primary in vivo analyses in BALB/c mice. (hal.science)
  • The date of 28 July was chosen because it is the birthday of Nobel-prize-winning scientist Dr. Baruch Blumberg (in Image), who discovered the hepatitis B virus (HBV) and developed a diagnostic test and vaccine for the virus. (neodx.in)
  • Using PCR, researchers then amplify the heavy and light chain genes from antibodies of interest, clone them into expression vectors, and sequence them. (the-scientist.com)
  • While previous researchers have obtained HIV-neutralizing antibodies using fluorescent probes to pull out antigen-specific memory B cells from a sample of blood, Connors and his team wanted to discover new HIV-neutralizing antibodies, without being limited only to those that are specific for known antigens. (the-scientist.com)
  • But rather than cloning the antibody heavy- and light-chain genes from each cell, as in a typical expression cloning set-up, Connors's group distributed the isolated cells in 384-well plates, where they cultured them in the presence of feeder cells and signaling molecules that help to keep the B cells alive and also stimulate them to secrete antibodies. (the-scientist.com)
  • Hemagglutinin-esterase-specific monoclonal antibodies alter the neuropathogenicity of mouse hepatitis virus. (uci.edu)
  • Overview of Immunization Immunity can be achieved Actively by using antigens (eg, vaccines, toxoids) Passively by using antibodies (eg, immune globulins, antitoxins) A toxoid is a bacterial toxin that has been modified. (msdmanuals.com)
  • A ground-breaking approach to hepatitis B treatment, which manipulates RNA messengers to halt viral replication, has begun its first human clinical trial. (hepb.org)
  • The clinical trial of ARC-520 (which uses a Dynamic Polyconju- gate delivery platform and includes two distinct RNA silencing agents that should shut down hepatitis B anti- gen reproduction) in humans is taking place in Melbourne, Australia. (hepb.org)
  • The clinical incubation period of acute hepatitis B averages 2-3 months and can range from 1-6 months after exposure, the length of the incubation period correlating, to some extent, with the level of virus exposure. (neodx.in)
  • However, one of the factors that make it difficult and raise the price of production in every system consists in the purification process of the recombinant antigen. (scielo.br)
  • Once researchers have cloned the pairs of heavy- and light-chain genes naturally found in the cells, they can produce recombinant versions of each antibody in the lab. (the-scientist.com)
  • He pioneered recombinant DNA technologies in Japan and continues to lead the field of gene network analysis. (dna-chip.co.jp)
  • The molecular steps in the replication pathway that regulate the levels of viral gene expression are not well defined. (microbiologyresearch.org)
  • Moreover, for delta hepatitis, we are finally on the road to being able to achieve the same goals as hepatitis B through the development of drugs that block viral replication with the hope that they can also be effective for a definitive recovery. (mdpi.com)
  • Aims: We examined whether transplantation of human cells in the peritoneal cavity of mice will generate an appropriate mass of cells with hepatitis B virus replication. (elsevierpure.com)
  • Hepatitis B virus replication was susceptible to conventional antiviral drug therapy, such as lamivudine, as well as experimental antiviral gene therapy with a synthetic mimic of an antiviral cellular microRNA. (elsevierpure.com)
  • These stimulated genes inhibit viral replication in infected cells, cell proliferation, and immunomodulation. (medscape.com)
  • Each clinicopathologic subtype can be further classified with respect to morphology, immunophenotype, and antigen markers. (medscape.com)
  • Mouse hepatitis virus utilizes two carcinoembryonic antigens as alternative receptors. (uci.edu)
  • The foremost histocompatibility complicated (MHC) class II characterised by monocytes CD14+ expression of human leukocyte antigen receptors (HLA-DR), is important for the synapse between innate and adaptive immune response in infectious illness. (jointsjournal.eu)
  • 310 "A high efficiency method for site-directed mutagen -esis with any plasmid":Gene;1989 (Dec 7);84(1);p153-7.Average yield of mutants was 60% with simple and rapid techniques. (globalchange.com)
  • Our results suggest that the expression of B7-H1 in hepatocarcimona cells can be initiated by HBx antigen, thus inducing T cell apoptosis and finally potentially facilitates the genesis of HCC. (nih.gov)
  • A fundamental genetic mechanism that shuts down an important gene in healthy immune system cells has been discovered that could one day lead to new therapies against infections, leukemia and other cancers. (news-medical.net)
  • With their latest discovery, researchers have significantly advanced the understanding of how human cells protect themselves from constant and potentially destructive changes in gene expression. (news-medical.net)
  • Scientists in Brown Medical School, Providence, USA, have found that core promoter mutants of Hepatitis B Virus e Antigen replicate at up to 10-fold higher levels in transfected human hepatoma cells than the wild-type virus. (news-medical.net)
  • In this approach, researchers first collect antibody-producing cells from mice exposed to an antigen of interest and fuse them to myeloma cells, forming so-called hybridomas that can survive for a long time in culture. (the-scientist.com)
  • It would be extremely laborious to use this strategy to try to identify an antibody against an antigen of interest using the blood of a person without an active immune response, he says, because millions of memory B cells are present in the blood, each of which is uniquely specific for a different antigen. (the-scientist.com)
  • Using his expertise in global gene expression profiling, he dissected gene regulatory networks involved in the maintenance of pluripotency of embryonic stem cells. (dna-chip.co.jp)
  • Dissecting Oct3/4-regulated gene networks in embryonic stem cells by expression profiling. (dna-chip.co.jp)
  • The vast majority of these cells did not divide, suggesting that the transgene was indeed regulated in a similar fashion as the endogenous GFAP gene. (lu.se)
  • Conclusions: Intraperitoneal transplantation of human cells rapidly provided reservoirs of hepatitis B virus in mice. (elsevierpure.com)
  • Anaplastic large cell lymphomas (ALCLs) are distinguished from other lymphomas by their anaplastic cytology and constant membrane expression of the CD30 antigen (an activation marker for B or T cells). (medscape.com)
  • ALCL was recognized in 1985, when tumor cells consistently demonstrated labeling by the monoclonal antibody Ki-1, a marker later shown to recognize the CD30 antigen. (medscape.com)
  • A complex interaction between the cleavage and polyadenylation molecular complex and cis -elements determine the polyadenylation site, which may result in the choice of non-canonical sites, resulting in alternative polyadenylation events, involved in the regulation of more than 80% of the genes expressed in plants. (frontiersin.org)
  • Microarray analysis is a molecular technique that enables the parallel analysis of expression by a very large number of genes encompassing a significant fraction of the human genome. (molcells.org)
  • Approximately one third of patients present with symptoms of acute hepatitis marked by fever, hepatic tenderness, and jaundice. (medscape.com)
  • Brazilian National Immunization Program presents a good schedule viewing hepatitis B immunization for infants, adolescents, and adults. (scielo.br)
  • The issue with it is that there are a lot of steps for each cell to clone those antibody genes. (the-scientist.com)
  • 15. Bose B, Sinha S. " Problems in using statistical analysis of replacement and silent mutations in antibody genes for determining antigen driven affinity selection. (iitg.ac.in)
  • Ten of 15 (66.7%) laboratories performing NS1 antigen assays obtained the correct results. (who.int)
  • a severe and sometimes fatal Type 1 reaction in a susceptible person after a second exposure to a specific antigen (e.g., food, pollen, proteins in latex gloves, or penicillin) after previous sensitization. (cdc.gov)
  • Alternative hepadnavirus animal models, e.g., woodchuck hepatitis virus in captive woodchucks, are not convenient, while in transgenic mice hepatitis B virus or viral proteins are expressed permanently through integrated genomes. (elsevierpure.com)
  • Note that by convention gene names are italicized and the proteins they make are not. (cancerquest.org)
  • The scientific significance of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) mixed with carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (CA19-9) in sufferers with rectal most cancers is just not nicely established . (jointsjournal.eu)
  • Khan N , Guarnieri M , Ahn S , Jisu Li , Zhou Y , Bang G , Modulation of hepatitis B virus secretion by naturally occurring mutations in the S gene. (cdc.gov)
  • Coronavirus illness (COVID-19) induces an alteration of Interferon (IFN) genes expression probably accountable for the noticed low HLA-DR expression in circulating monocytes (mHLA-DR). (jointsjournal.eu)
  • Currently, pegylated interferon alfa (PEG-IFN-a), entecavir (ETV), and tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) are the first-line agents in the treatment of hepatitis B disease. (medscape.com)
  • Presence of precore and core promoter mutants limits the probability of response to peginterferon in hepatitis B e antigen-positive chronic hepatitis B". Hepatology. (wikipedia.org)
  • Esteban J , Martell M , Carman WF , Gomez J , Esteban J , Martell M , The impact of rapid evolution of the hepatitis viruses. (cdc.gov)
  • This simple xenotransplantation approach will be effective and convenient for studies of hepatitis B and other human viruses in vivo. (elsevierpure.com)
  • Autoimmune hepatitis is a chronic disease of unknown cause. (medscape.com)
  • Symptoms and physical examination findings may stem from extrahepatic diseases associated with autoimmune hepatitis. (medscape.com)
  • For more than four decades, corticosteroids, either alone or in combination with azathioprine, have been the mainstays of drug therapy for patients with autoimmune hepatitis. (medscape.com)
  • [ 2 ] Budesonide (in combination with azathioprine) is now considered to be first-line therapy for autoimmune hepatitis. (medscape.com)
  • A novel pregnancy-specific glycoprotein is expressed in the brain and serves as a receptor for mouse hepatitis virus. (uci.edu)
  • HER2/neu (also called ERB B2 ) is the gene that encodes the human epidermal growth factor receptor type 2. (cancerquest.org)
  • Background Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the genes encoding the vitamin D receptor ((rs731236, rs2228570 and rs1544410), (rs7041 and rs4588) and (rs2060793, rs10500804 and rs10766197) about susceptibility to TB, also to investigate whether these SNPs modify the association between supplement D disease and position susceptibility. (cgp60474.com)
  • The use of viral vectors to deliver foreign genes to the brain is highly logical states in the human brain (Eng et al. (lu.se)
  • The Yokomori laboratory investigates the mechanisms of chromosome structural organization and how they affect DNA repair and gene regulation in human health and disease. (uci.edu)
  • The aim of this study was to provide valid reference genes for the human HCC-derived cell line HepG2. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Of the 30,000 or so genes that are currently thought to exist in the human genome , there is a small subset that seems to be particularly important in the prevention, development, and progression of cancer. (cancerquest.org)
  • Gene mutations in the HRAS sequence are present in most patients affected with Costello syndrome, according to a new study in the American Journal of Medical Genetics. (news-medical.net)
  • The mutations occurred de novo in patients, meaning, they were not observed in their parents' genes. (news-medical.net)
  • ALL cancers have lots of additional changes, the so-called 'passenger' mutations, that may contribute to the cancer, but are not the main genes. (cancerquest.org)
  • The 3' regulatory regions have a great diversity of cis -regulatory elements directly involved in polyadenylation, stability, transport and mRNA translation, essential to achieve the desired levels of gene expression. (frontiersin.org)
  • Although a small number of 3' regulatory regions have been identified and validated so far, many studies have shown that plant 3' regulatory regions have a higher potential to regulate gene expression in plants compared to widely used 3' regulatory regions, such as NOS and OCS from Agrobacterium tumefaciens and 35S from cauliflower mosaic virus. (frontiersin.org)
  • In this review, we discuss the role of 3' regulatory regions in gene expression, and the superior potential that plant 3' regulatory regions have compared to NOS, OCS and 35S 3' regulatory regions. (frontiersin.org)
  • We have investigated potential mechanisms of regulation of rotavirus gene expression by functional evaluation of two differentially expressed viral mRNAs. (microbiologyresearch.org)
  • These data define a regulatory mechanism for the difference in amounts of VP6 and NSP1 and provide evidence for post-transcriptional control of rotavirus gene expression mediated by the translational efficiency of individual viral mRNAs. (microbiologyresearch.org)
  • Site-directed mutagenesis of promoter constructs revealed that the transcription factor (NF)-κB binding site between 128 and 137 bp upstream of B7-H1 gene transcriptional start site is primarily responsible for HBx-mediated B7-H1 expression. (nih.gov)
  • HBxAg is a transactivator of viral transcription that appears to contribute to HCC by altering patterns of host gene expression. (slideserve.com)
  • In 1997, he was recruited by Nara Institute of Science and Technology (NAIST) as a Research Associate, and investigated the role of gene expression during brain development. (dna-chip.co.jp)
  • Correlation between gene functions and developmental expression patterns in the mouse cerebellum. (dna-chip.co.jp)
  • The addition of 5'-coding information to a 3'-directed cDNA library improves analysis of gene expression. (dna-chip.co.jp)
  • Large scale cDNA sequencing for analysis of quantitative and qualitative aspects of gene expression. (dna-chip.co.jp)
  • The ability to regulate transgene expression will be crucial for development of gene therapy to the brain. (lu.se)
  • Using toxin-induced lesions we investigated to what extent transgene expression could be regulated in accordance with the activation of the endogenous GFAP gene. (lu.se)
  • An aspect of gene delivery to the brain that is currently being regulate the endogenous GFAP expression in a lesioned brain. (lu.se)
  • RT-qPCR is the preferred method for microRNA studies, and a careful normalisation strategy, verifying the optimal set of reference genes, is decisive for correctly evaluating microRNA expression levels. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Even small changes in microRNA expression may therefore have implications for gene regulation in various physiological and pathophysiological states [ 1 , 6 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • For the development of innovative new therapies based on the use of gene expression vectors, siRNA or miRNAs, there is an urgent need for safe, non-viral, GMP-grade transfection reagents. (synvoluxproducts.com)
  • We found that of S. lappa extract reduced the expression of genes related to allergy metabolism in Nc/Nga mice. (molcells.org)
  • For chronic viral infections like Hepatitis C, CD8-CTLs have emerged as important protective tools. (hal.science)
  • Drosophila TAFII150: similarity to yeast gene TSM-1 and specific binding to core promoter DNA. (uci.edu)
  • 2003). The therapeutic effects of different genes delivered by ment of the hGFAP promoter used here has been extensively studied and lentiviral vectors have been documented in a number of animal found to be up-regulated after several different stimuli both in vitro and models, both in rodents and primates, and examples include delivery in vivo in transgenic mice (Brenner et al. (lu.se)
  • After double digestion with gene nucleotide sequence and orientation. (thetechnoant.info)
  • For expressing foreign genes, a new host- vector system, with Bombyx mori silkworm larvae as the host and B. mori nuclear polyhedrosis virus (BmNPV) as the vector, has been developed. (microbiologyresearch.org)
  • Atypical cases may present with recurrent infections, anemia or hepatitis in the second or third decade of life. (lu.se)
  • In this study, we have confirmed the S. lappa 's anti-atopic properties in Nc/Nga mice and investigated the candidate gene related with its properties using microarray. (molcells.org)