AnatomyOrganismsDiseasesChemicals and DrugsAnalytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and EquipmentPhenomena and ProcessesInformation ScienceHealth CareGeographicals
TrachomaChlamydia trachomatisNigerGambiaChlamydia InfectionsAzithromycinChlamydiaLymphogranuloma VenereumEthiopiaFemale Urogenital DiseasesGenital Diseases, FemaleEndemic DiseasesMale Urogenital DiseasesUterine CervicitisGonorrheaChlamydophila psittaciCervix UteriPelvic Inflammatory DiseaseUrethraChlamydia muridarumAnti-Bacterial AgentsSalpingitisUrethritisSexually Transmitted Diseases, BacterialNeisseria gonorrhoeaeAntibodies, BacterialUterine Cervical DiseasesBacterial Outer Membrane ProteinsFluorescent Antibody Technique, DirectConjunctivitis, InclusionUrineInclusion BodiesNucleic Acid Amplification TechniquesUrethral DiseasesPorinsPolymerase Chain ReactionSpecimen HandlingLigase Chain ReactionBacteriological TechniquesDNA, BacterialVaginal DiseasesReagent Kits, DiagnosticArthritis, ReactiveReproductive Tract InfectionsMycoplasma genitaliumGenital Diseases, MaleSensitivity and SpecificitySexually Transmitted DiseasesPsittacosisUrogenital SystemAntigens, BacterialDoxycyclineGenitalia, FemaleHeLa CellsConjunctivitisChlamydophila InfectionsVaginaFallopian Tube DiseasesInfertility, FemalePrevalenceFallopian TubesProctitisMycoplasma InfectionsUreaplasmaTrichomonas vaginalisMass ScreeningChaperonin 60Evaluation Studies as Topic
InfectionsObligateInfectionTrachomaPneumoniaePathogens that causePathogenIsolatesHumansPneumoniaNeisseriaPelvic inflammTractPsittaciStrainsBacterialBacteriumDiagnosisInclusionsSwabEpithelialMammalian cellsRibosomalVirulence factorsComplicationsEctopic pregnancyInclusionRectalSpecimensProteinStrainEukaryoticGrowsTreatmentSexually transmitDiseaseEffectorsSexualStudyClinicalFundamentalWomenFemaleHuman
Infections17
  • Inhibition of tryptophan synthase and other PLP-enzymes in amino acid metabolism has been suggested for: Treatment of tuberculosis Treatment of ocular and genital infections Treatment of cryptosporidiosis Herbicide use It is thought that early in evolution the trpB2 gene was duplicated. (wikipedia.org)
  • Chlamydia trachomatis is a global cause of blinding trachoma and sexually transmitted infections (STIs). (cdc.gov)
  • Worldwide, C. trachomatis is the leading preventable cause of blindness and bacterial sexually transmitted infections (STIs). (cdc.gov)
  • Chlamydia trachomatis are obligate intracellular bacterial pathogens that cause ocular and genital infections, which are a significant public health concern worldwide. (europa.eu)
  • A better understanding of C. trachomatis basic biology is important to eventually develop new ways to combat infections caused by these bacteria. (europa.eu)
  • Chlamydia trachomatis causes genital and ocular infections in humans. (bvsalud.org)
  • The young women have the highest prevalence of genitourinary C. trachomatis infections. (roboscreen.com)
  • Neonates born of infected mothers can develop inclusion conjunctivitis, nasopharyngeal infections and pneumonia due to C. trachomatis [5]. (roboscreen.com)
  • Objectives Nucleic acid amplification testing (NAAT) has become the preferred method to detect Chlamydia trachomatis (CT) and Neisseria gonorrhoeae (GC) infections. (bmj.com)
  • Regarding CT infections, Versant assay identified 2 ocular specimens as positive: one was further genotyped as E and the other one as F. Moreover, we found 4 positive pharyngeal specimens (genotypes E, F, J) and 12 rectal samples (genotypes E, H, J, L2). (bmj.com)
  • Conclusions Versant CT/GC DNA 1.0 demonstrated to be a very good method to identify extra-genital infections due to chlamydia and/or gonorrhoea. (bmj.com)
  • Development of a vaccine has been hindered by the lack of vertebrate animal models that more closely mimics human immune responses as well as characterization of the correlates for immunity to human Chlamydia infections. (ku.edu)
  • Antibiotic resistance is a major public health threat and while two major classes of antibiotics (e.g., macrolides and tetracyclines) are effective at clearing Chlamydia infections, resistance to one of these has already been observed in pigs strains (yes…there is pig Chlamydia ! (ku.edu)
  • Chlamydia infections of the rectum may lead to proctitis, rectal pain, discharge and/or bleeding (2). (genetrack.ca)
  • Chlamydia is a major cause of sexually transmitted infections worldwide. (ufl.edu)
  • It also causes pneumonia and ocular infections and is the leading cause of preventable blindness. (ufl.edu)
  • 3) What type of methods are important laboratory approaches for the diagnosis of genital Chlamydia spp infections? (medicalbiochemist.com)
Obligate1
  • Chlamydia (klah-MID-e-a) are obligate intracellular bacteria that are propagated and maintained through a phylum defining bi-phasic developmental cycle. (ku.edu)
Infection18
  • Conjunctival Chlamydia trachomatis infection load in Gambian villages. (lshtm.ac.uk)
  • We further showed that both the amino and carboxy-terminal regions of CT006, flanking the Inc-characteristic bilobed hydrophobic domain, are exposed to the host cell cytosol during C. trachomatis infection, supporting their availability to interact with host cell targets. (bvsalud.org)
  • In men, the most common manifestation of C. trachomatis infection is inflammation of the urethra (about 50% of cases) [4]. (roboscreen.com)
  • Infection generally localizes in the genital mucosa, but can be found also in ocular, nasopharyngeal and anal mucosa [9-11]. (roboscreen.com)
  • Complications from untreated genital-tract-localized infection can cause pelvic inflammatory disease, ectopic pregnancy and infertility in women, and epididymitis and infertility in men [12, 13]. (roboscreen.com)
  • David Mabey became interested in trachoma, caused by ocular infection with Chlamydia trachomatis , and in genital C. trachomatis infection, while working in the Gambia. (lshtm.ac.uk)
  • Most of his field work has been done in The Gambia and Tanzania and, in addition to clinical and epidemiological studies, he has been involved in research on the pathogenesis of and immune response to C. trachomatis infection. (lshtm.ac.uk)
  • According to the CDC, C. trachomatis has the highest incidence of infection among ALL reportable infectious diseases in the US! (ku.edu)
  • Despite excellent educational and awareness programs, conditional prevention strategies are insufficiently addressing the public health challenge associated with Chlamydia infection rates. (ku.edu)
  • Endocervical, urethral, rectal, or oropharyngeal specimens should be obtained and assayed for C trachomatis infection in both males and females based on the patient's sexual practices obtained by history. (medscape.com)
  • Norethisterone Enanthate Increases Mouse Susceptibility to Genital Infection with Herpes Simplex Virus Type 2 and HIV Type 1. (stanford.edu)
  • Providing an underlying mechanism for this connection, however, is recent work that showed DMPA weakens genital mucosal barrier function in mice and humans and respectively promotes susceptibility of wild-type and humanized mice to genital infection with HSV type 2 and HIV type 1. (stanford.edu)
  • However, analogous effects of NET-EN treatment on antivirus immunity and host susceptibility to genital infection are much less explored. (stanford.edu)
  • Likewise, we detected comparable mortality rates in DMPA- and NET-EN-treated wild-type and humanized mice after intravaginal infection with HSV type 2 or cell-associated HIV type 1, respectively, but NET-EN treatment was associated with slower onset of HSV-induced genital pathology and lower burden of systemic HIV disease. (stanford.edu)
  • It is often caused by an untreated STD infection, such as chlamydia, which moves upwards from the vagina/cervix into the reproductive organs. (genetrack.ca)
  • Untreated chlamydia during pregnancy is associated with a 50-70% risk of passing the infection to the newborn during childbirth. (genetrack.ca)
  • He has served as Secretary-Treasurer of the Chlamydia Basic Research Society and Mini-reviews Editor for Infection and Immunity. (ufl.edu)
  • 5) Which of the following antibiotics are the drug of choice or are the first line treatment for chlamydia infection? (medicalbiochemist.com)
Trachoma3
  • Multilocus and SNP typing can now be used to detect diverse and emerging C. trachomatis strains for epidemiologic and evolutionary studies of trachoma and STI populations worldwide. (cdc.gov)
  • C. trachomatis also is the leading cause of preventable blindness (trachoma) worldwide. (ku.edu)
  • Cytology is used mainly for diagnosing infant inclusion conjunctivitis and ocular trachoma through the demonstration of intracytoplasmic C trachomatis inclusions in HeLa cells (ie, continuously cultured carcinoma cell line used for tissue cultures). (medscape.com)
Pneumoniae3
Pathogens that cause1
Pathogen1
  • Conversely, DMPA-mediated effects on genital epithelial integrity and function were obviated in RM administered DMPA and E. These data corroborate the diminished genital epithelial barrier function observed in women initiating DMPA and identify RM as a useful preclinical model for defining effects of exogenous sex steroids on genital pathogen susceptibility. (stanford.edu)
Isolates2
  • We used comparative genomics of the family Chlamydiaceae to select conserved housekeeping genes for C. trachomatis multilocus sequencing, characterizing 19 reference and 68 clinical isolates from 6 continental/subcontinental regions. (cdc.gov)
  • As some C. trachomatis isolates are reported not to carry cryptic plasmid or have deletion(s) in it [7], "RealLine Chlamydia trachomatis/ Neisseria gonorrhoeae" assay kit detects two DNA fragments from gyrA gene and cryptic plasmid, specific to C. trachomatis species. (roboscreen.com)
Humans2
  • While the developmental cycle is intriguing, it is also essential for Chlamydia to cause disease in humans. (ku.edu)
  • While no clinical data establishes causal link between HIV acquisition and use of this injectable progestin, prior work from our laboratory showed that DMPA comparably lowers genital levels of the cell-cell adhesion molecule desmoglein-1 (DSG1) and weakens genital epithelial barrier function in female mice and humans. (stanford.edu)
Pneumonia3
  • In infants with suspected chlamydial pneumonia, perform a nasopharyngeal swab for Chlamydia culture. (medscape.com)
  • A complete blood count (CBC) revealing peripheral eosinophilia in the appropriate clinical situation is additional evidence supporting C trachomatis pneumonia. (medscape.com)
  • 12) When do the symptoms of neonatal pneumonia in babies start to show caused by Chlamydia trachomatis ? (medicalbiochemist.com)
Neisseria2
Pelvic inflamm1
Tract2
  • Chlamydia trachomatis causes both genital tract and ocular diseases. (ku.edu)
  • Inflammation in the lower genital tract can be detected by a predominance of leukocytes (white blood cells) in vaginal secretions, elevated C-reactive protein , and cervical friability (sensitive and irritated cervix tissue). (genetrack.ca)
Psittaci1
Strains1
  • Most C. trachomatis strains have a multicopy extrachromosomal cryptic plasmid, which is widely used as the target for PCR testing. (roboscreen.com)
Bacterial2
  • To screen for novel T3S effectors of C. trachomatis, we used Yersinia enterocolitica as a genetically tractable surrogate bacterial species assembling a T3S apparatus, which has been shown to recognise heterologous T3S substrates. (europa.eu)
  • Dr. Maurelli has over 30 years of research experience in the field of molecular genetics of bacterial pathogenesis, specifically in the study of Shigella and Chlamydia. (ufl.edu)
Bacterium1
Diagnosis1
Inclusions1
  • Altogether, our data suggest that CT006 might participate in the interaction of LDs with C. trachomatis inclusions. (bvsalud.org)
Swab1
  • Anyway, no commercial test has been cleared so far for use with extra-genital swab samples. (bmj.com)
Epithelial3
  • Exogenous sex steroids regulate genital epithelial barrier function in female rhesus macaques. (stanford.edu)
  • Herein, we sought to confirm and extend these findings by comparing genital epithelial barrier function in untreated rhesus macaques (RM) vs. RM treated with DMPA or DMPA and estrogen (E). Compared to controls, genital tissue from RM with pharmacologically relevant serum levels of medroxyprogesterone acetate displayed significantly lower DSG1 levels and greater permeability to low molecular mass molecules. (stanford.edu)
  • As treatment with E averted DMPA-mediated loss of genital epithelial barrier function, our results also imply that contraceptives releasing progestin and E may be less likely to promote transmission of HIV and other sexually transmitted pathogens than progestin-only compounds. (stanford.edu)
Mammalian cells1
  • Ectopic expression in yeast and mammalian cells of genes encoding different fragments of CT006 revealed tropism for the endoplasmic reticulum and LDs. (bvsalud.org)
Ribosomal2
  • MLST uses 500-700 bp sequences of internal regions of 6-8 housekeeping genes, excluding genes suspected to be under immune selection (where there is positive selection for sequence diversity) and ribosomal RNA genes (which are multicopy and too conserved) ( 10 ). (cdc.gov)
  • As negative control, we used a fusion between the first 20 amino acids of a C. trachomatis ribosomal protein and TEM-1 (RplJ20-TEM-1). (europa.eu)
Virulence factors1
  • To study the function of known effectors, we focused on the C. trachomatis Inc proteins, an important group of potential chlamydial virulence factors. (europa.eu)
Complications1
Ectopic pregnancy1
  • Inflammation associated with chlamydia increases the risk of ectopic pregnancy, which is when the fertilized egg implants and grows outside the main cavity of the uterus (14). (genetrack.ca)
Inclusion2
  • Comparing with the parental wild-type strain, cells infected by a newly generated C. trachomatis strain overproducing CT006 with a double hemagglutinin tag showed a slight increase in the area occupied by LDs within the inclusion region. (bvsalud.org)
  • After directing entry into a eukaryotic cell, the EBs quickly modifies the early endosome into a Chlamydia specific vessicle termed an inclusion. (ku.edu)
Rectal1
  • In this study Versant CT/GC DNA 1.0 (Siemens) performances have been evaluated by testing ocular, rectal or pharyngeal secretions collected by Siemens collection devices. (bmj.com)
Specimens1
  • All the specimens scored GC positive were retested by a "home-made" PCR assay, targeting cppB gene. (bmj.com)
Protein3
  • The advantage of the indole salvage protein declined and the TrpB gene was lost. (wikipedia.org)
  • For this, we constructed translational fusions comprising the first 20 amino acids of the IncA or IncC effectors and a reporter protein (the mature form of TEM-1 beta-lactamase), expressed under the control of the Y. enterocolitica yopE effector gene promoter (PyopE). (europa.eu)
  • Here, we identified CT006 as a novel C. trachomatis protein that when expressed ectopically eukaryotic cells can associate with lipid droplets (LDs). (bvsalud.org)
Strain1
  • Then, we selected 48 genes that may encode uncharacterised effectors (e. g. no detectable amino acid identity to other proteins or with a particular putative biochemical activity) from the genome of C. trachomatis strain L2/434/Bu. (europa.eu)
Eukaryotic1
  • A segment of eukaryotic gene that is not represented in mature messenger RNA is known as Intron. (medicosplexus.com)
Grows2
  • C trachomatis grows well in a variety of cell lines (eg, McCoy and HeLa cells) that can be maintained in tissue culture. (medscape.com)
  • Because C trachomatis grows only within columnar cells, obtaining a specimen that contains cells directly from the urethra or cervix, not on pooled vaginal secretions, is important. (medscape.com)
Treatment2
  • In this study, we show that compared with mice in estrus, treatment of mice with DMPA or NET-EN significantly decreased genital levels of the cell-cell adhesion molecule desmoglein-1 and increased genital mucosal permeability. (stanford.edu)
  • Management generally involves ceftriaxone, but treatment with doxycycline should be pursued if a coinfection with Chlamydia trachomatis ( C. trachomatis ) is not excluded. (lecturio.com)
Sexually transmit1
Disease1
  • APOE4 Alzheimer's gene: a variant of the APOE gene that has been strongly associated with a higher risk of developing Alzheimer's disease, a progressive brain disorder that affects memory, thinking, and behavior. (drpaulkilgore.com)
Effectors1
  • We first confirmed that known T3S substrates (IncA and IncC effectors) of C. trachomatis possess a T3S signal within their first 20 amino acids, which is recognised by the Y. enterocolitica T3SS as efficiently as a Yersinia endogenous T3S substrate. (europa.eu)
Sexual2
  • Chlamydia trachomatis is spread by close social contact or sexual activity. (cdc.gov)
  • Chlamydia is transmitted through sexual contact with the penis, vagina, mouth, or anus of an infected individual. (genetrack.ca)
Study1
  • the aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of longdanxiegan formula granule (ldxgfg), a chinese traditional medicine on toll-like receptor (tlr) pathway in recurrent genital herpes. (liverpool.ac.uk)
Clinical1
  • Whereas clinical research indicates that women using DMPA are more susceptible to HIV and other genital pathogens, causal relationships have not been determined. (stanford.edu)
Fundamental2
  • The overall scientific objective of this project was to increase our fundamental understanding of mechanisms underlying C. trachomatis virulence. (europa.eu)
  • The Chlamydia developmental cycle is fascinating and there are many fundamental aspects that are still poorly understood. (ku.edu)
Women1
  • Women infected with chlamydia are up to three times more likely to become infected with HIV, if exposed [3]. (roboscreen.com)
Female1
  • effects of a traditional chinese medicine, longdanxiegan formula granule, on toll-like receptor pathway in female guinea pigs with recurrent genital herpes. (liverpool.ac.uk)
Human1