Genes embryonic cell. Medical search. Frequent questions

Gene-trapped mouse embryonic stem cell-derived cardiac myocytes and human genetics implicate AKAP10 in heart rhythm regulation. (ca.gov)
Is the Subject Area "Gene regulation" applicable to this article? (plos.org)
Genetics Seminar Series: 'Cell identity is altered through regulation of genic and gene-distal elements in embryonic stem cells and acute myeloid leukemia. (yale.edu)
Furthermore, our data analysis revealed that the cell cycle, urea cycle, p53 signaling, and metabolism of amino groups are significantly implicated in the regulation of hESC differentiation. (molcells.org)
E activity of enhancers in embryonic stem cells: a new epigenetic signature for gene regulation. (atminhibitor.com)
In this paper we summarise recent advances in our knowledge of the regulation of Xist and Tsix in embryonic stem (ES) and differentiating ES cells. (hal.science)
Regulation of the NANOG gene by TFs, epigenetic factors, and autoregulatory factors is well characterized in ESCs, and transcriptional regulation of NANOG is well established in these cells. (biomedcentral.com)
Although NANOG plays a key role in germ cells, the molecular mechanism underlying its transcriptional regulation in PGCs has not been studied. (biomedcentral.com)
Therefore, identification of regulatory elements within the promoter region is considered crucial to understand the mechanism underlying transcriptional regulation in specific cell types. (biomedcentral.com)
Therefore, regulation of NANOG expression plays a critical role in determining the fate of pluripotent cells. (biomedcentral.com)
Furthermore, despite the failure to gain active histone marks at thousands of enhancers, transcriptional activation of nearby genes is largely unaffected, thus uncoupling the regulation of these chromatin events from transcriptional changes during this transition. (biomedcentral.com)
Target gene regulation is mediated by general chromatin regulators which are recruited to enhancers bound by TFs. (biomedcentral.com)
Our results lend support to the concept of post-transcriptional RNA operons, but we further present evidence that nuclear proximity of genes may provide substantial functional regulation in mammalian single cells. (nih.gov)
In plants, 5mC DNA methylation is an important and conserved epistatic mark involving genomic stability, gene transcriptional regulation, developmental regulation, abiotic stress response, metabolite synthesis, etc. (phys.org)
Furthermore, we used this assay to determine the effects of BRCA1 variants on cell cycle regulation, differentiation, and genomic stability. (jci.org)
Cadmium coordinates up-regulation of cytoprotective genes and protection agains metal toxicity by inhibiting the ubiquitination of Nrf2 and disrupting the Nrf2/Keap1 complex. (cdc.gov)
Notch signaling pathway is also involved in the regulation of epithelial cell differentiation in various tissues 5-6 . (bvsalud.org)
Molecular mechanisms for regulation of gene expression at different levels: remodeling of chromatin, initiation of transcription, nuclear transport and signalling, and RNA interference. (lu.se)
Principles for regulation of gene expression through intercellular signalling. (lu.se)
Gene regulation in developmental biology and the cell cycle. (lu.se)

Firstly, we present a robust 2-week protocol for the differentiation of human pluripotent stem cells (PSCs) into forebrain neural progenitor cells. (lu.se)

A stochastic epigenetic switch controls the dynamics of T-cell lineage commitment. (crossref.org)
The complex epigenetic process leading to X-inactivation is largely controlled by Xist and Tsix, two non-coding genes of opposing function. (hal.science)
This is achieved through mechanistic studies of functionally important epigenetic "driver" genes and molecular pathways altered by specific cancer risk agents and by the application of cutting-edge epigenomics in conjunction with unique biospecimens from population-based cohorts (Figure 1). (who.int)
Exposure to environmental toxins during embryonic development may lead to epigenetic changes that influence disease risk in childhood and later life. (who.int)

Background: Recent studies have associated the transcription factors, Oct4, Sox2 and Nanog as parts of a self-regulating network which is responsible for maintaining embryonic stem cell properties: self renewal and pluripotency. (lu.se)

In addition to suggesting therapies for severe α-thalassemia, these findings illustrate the general principles by which reactivation of developmental genes may rescue abnormalities arising from mutations in their adult paralogues. (ox.ac.uk)
In adults, MCV is typically an asymptomatic, common, and occurs largely in childhood, with BKV seroprevalence commensal viral infection that initiates rare cancers after virus (rather than host cell) mutations. (cdc.gov)
While iPSCs avoid the ethical issues surrounding embryonic stem cells, the methods used to derive them sometimes induce mutations in cancer causing genes, making them unsuitable for therapeutic purposes. (the-scientist.com)
BayGenomics: a resource of insertional mutations in mouse embryonic stem cells. (nih.gov)
Genetic testing for deleterious mutations in breast cancer 1, early onset gene ( BRCA1 ) and BRCA2 can provide key information to guide clinical decision making. (jci.org)
Women who are heterozygous carriers of mutations in either gene have a 60%-80% lifetime risk of breast cancer and a 10%-40% lifetime risk of ovarian cancer ( 1 ), reflecting a very high penetrance. (jci.org)
Blue squares indicate phenotypes directly attributed to mutations/alleles of this gene. (jax.org)
The focal dermal hypoplasia (FDH) genetic defect has been associated with at least 80 different mutations in the PORCN gene of the X chromosome (Xp11.23). (medscape.com)
Studies indicate that focal dermal hypoplasia (FDH) is usually caused by mutations of the PORCN gene, mapped to locus Xp11.23. (medscape.com)
In 90% of the cases, Shwachman-Diamond syndrome is associated with mutations in the Shwachman-Bodian-Diamond syndrome ( SBDS ) gene located on chromosome 7. (medscape.com)
skeletal abnormalities and gene mutations are not a requirement to confirm the diagnosis. (medscape.com)
Also, Shwachman-Diamond syndrome has been associated with mutations in the SBDS gene, located on chromosome 7. (medscape.com)

Although biochemical functions of the human PORCN gene are not well characterized, Wnt signaling may be involved in the phenotypic expression of focal dermal hypoplasia where defective/deficient Wnt signaling could affect cell fate or result in failure of a progenitor cell line to expand. (medscape.com)
The Notch signaling pathway provides important intercellular signaling mechanisms essential for cell fate specification and it regulates differentiation and proliferation of stem or progenitor cells by para-inducing effects 3-4 . (bvsalud.org)
1983) and the multipotent progenitor cells from fetal disease (Bjorklund and Lindvall, 2000). (lu.se)

RNA-Seq analysis reveals pluripotency-associated genes and their interaction networks in human embryonic stem cells. (bvsalud.org)
Insight into the key genes of pluripotency in human and their interrelationships is necessary for understanding the underlying mechanism of pluripotency and hence their successful application in regenerative medicine . (bvsalud.org)
The recent advances in transcriptomics technologies have created new opportunities to decipher the genes involved in pluripotency, genetic network that governs the unique properties of embryonic stem cells and lineage differentiation mechanisms in a deeper scale. (bvsalud.org)
Thus, we aim to identify the pluripotency-associated genes and their interaction network. (bvsalud.org)
Our analysis revealed a consensus set of 498 pluripotency-associated genes and 432 genes as potential pluripotent cell differentiation markers. (bvsalud.org)
These pluripotency critical genes formed a tightly bound co-expression network with small-world architecture . (bvsalud.org)
Gene ontology (GO) and pathway enrichment analysis , StemChecker and literature survey confirmed the involvement of the genes in the induction and maintenance of pluripotency, though more experimental studies are required for understanding their molecular mechanisms in human . (bvsalud.org)
PGCs express several pluripotency-related TFs such as NANOG, POU5F3 , and SOX2 , and their expression controls transcription of germness-related genes in these cells [ 11 , 29 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Also, under/over-expression studies of the master regulator Oct4 have revealed that some self-renewal/pluripotency as well as differentiation genes are expressed in a biphasic manner with respect to the concentration of Oct4. (lu.se)
TFs being expressed and the downstream differentiation target been established as candidates to regulate both pluripotency and genes being shut off [11]. (lu.se)
Their mutagenic potential and gene regulatory effect have shaped the evolution of transcriptional networks involved in development, pluripotency, and inflammation. (lu.se)

We described the early embryonic development of the loach, Misgurnus anguillicaudatus , based on morphological features and gene expression. (bioone.org)

Single-cell level characterization of embryonic development is a major benchmark of human developmental biology. (newswise.com)
Here, we defined the single-cell spatiotemporal gene expression landscape of human embryonic development with stem-cell-derived organoids. (newswise.com)
We established the human embryonic organoid (HEMO) from expanded potential stem cells and achieved both embryonic and extraembryonic tissues in the same organoid. (newswise.com)
Time-series single-cell RNA sequencing paired with single-cell resolution spatial revealed human embryonic development signatures such as extraembryonic placenta, yolk sac hematopoiesis neural crest, blood vessels, and cardiac mesoderm. (newswise.com)
Overall, our study advances the spatiotemporal analysis of human embryonic development in stem-cell-derived organoids. (newswise.com)
We will further characterize molecular changes during directed cell differentiation and identify the cells that exhibit a pattern of DNA modification, namely DNA methylation, similar to primary neural cells in human brain. (ca.gov)
In the past year, we have made progress in guiding several lines of human stem cells into nerve cells. (ca.gov)
We also begin to produce and characterize a new type of human stem cells, namely induced pluripotent cells that are obtained by converting somatic cells into stem cell through reprogramming. (ca.gov)
We also test the pattern of DNA methylation in different lines of human stem cells. (ca.gov)
The Human Cell Atlas. (crossref.org)
Here, we model early human neural tube development using human embryonic stem cells cultured in a microfluidic device. (nature.com)
Using this approach in cell therapy manufacturing would help developers track materials through the production process, minimize labor requirements, and reduce the risk of human error. (genengnews.com)
The establishment of the first human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) in 1998 provided a unique tool for studying human development. (molcells.org)
In this context, we conducted microarray-based differential gene expression analyses using two Korean embryo-derived hESC lines (CHA3 and CHA4) to identify undifferentiated and spontaneously dif-ferentiated (human embryoid body, or hEB) status. (molcells.org)
There are a large number of experimental studies on human embryonic stem cells ( hESCs ) being routinely conducted for unfolding the underlying biology of embryogenesis and their clinical prospects. (bvsalud.org)
Researchers hope to use these cells to grow healthy tissue to replace injured or diseased tissues in the human body. (medlineplus.gov)
DG75 exosomes effectively bound to human B cells within PBMCs and had been internalized by isolated B cells. (atminhibitor.com)
The work "highlights the value of [human embryonic stem cells] as a model system for early human embryo development," the study's coauthor, Rachel Eiges of the Hebrew University in Jerusalem, told The Scientist . (the-scientist.com)
Furthermore, we laid the foundation for translation of the proposed CRISPR therapy to human cells and eventually aniridia patients. (ubc.ca)
By performing promoter capture Hi-C (PCHi-C) on human embryonic stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (hESC-CMs), we show that such promoter interactions are a key mechanism by which enhancers contact their target genes after hESC-CM differentiation from hESCs. (manchester.ac.uk)
At this time I also began working with mouse and human embryonic stem cells resulting in the publication of some of the first papers describing the osteogenic differentiation of mouse ES and human cells in vitro and in vivo . (nottingham.ac.uk)
Noninvasive detection and imaging of molecular markers in live cardiomyocytes derived from human embryonic stem cells Biophysical Journal. (nottingham.ac.uk)
Scientists were able to produce from human embryonic stem cells a highly pure, large quantity of functioning neurons that will allow them to create models of and study diseases such as Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, prefrontal dementia and schizophrenia. (sciencedaily.com)
Researchers previously had been able to produce neurons - the impulse-conducting cells in the brain and spinal cord - from human embryonic stem cells. (sciencedaily.com)
Sun's method prodded human embryonic stem cells to differentiate into neural stem cells, the cells that give rise to neurons. (sciencedaily.com)
The realization that not all human embryonic stem cell lines are born equal is critical," Sun said. (sciencedaily.com)
If you're studying a disease found in a certain part of the brain, you should use a human embryonic stem cell line that produces the neurons from that region of the brain to get the most accurate results from your study. (sciencedaily.com)
A breakthrough in somatic cell nuclear transfer opens the possibility of producing human embryonic stem cells with a patient's own genes. (the-scientist.com)
The first pluripotent human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) have been generated from somatic cell nuclear transfer, according to a study published today (October 5) in Nature . (the-scientist.com)
The advance here is the proof that somatic cell nuclear transfer can work [in human cells] and can fully reset the donor cell genome to a pluripotent state," said Harvard Medical School's George Daley , who was not affiliated with the study. (the-scientist.com)
In the best case, an early embryo consisting of a few cells may form, but these are not capable of giving rise to human life, nor hESCs for therapeutic purposes. (the-scientist.com)
This could help researchers identify abnormalities in iPSC differentiation, correct them, and develop pluripotent stem cells that don't harbor tumorigenic qualities and do not require the use of human embryos. (the-scientist.com)
We introduced BAC clones with human wild-type BRCA1 or variants into Brca1-null ES cells and confirmed that only wild-type and a known neutral variant rescued cell lethality. (jci.org)
In this issue of the JCI , Chang, Sharan, and colleagues describe a novel system to evaluate human BRCA1 alleles for in vivo function using BACs containing human BRCA1 vectors in mouse cells and embryos (see the related article beginning on page 3160). (jci.org)
5. In 2001, France and Germany requested the United Nations General Assembly to develop international conventions on human reproductive cloning, therapeutic cloning and research on stem cells. (who.int)
Unlike earlier transcriptomics analyses using single-cell technologies, we observe that cells derived from human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) in the grafts adopt mature dopaminergic signatures. (lu.se)
The biochemical functions of the human PORCN gene still are not completely characterized. (medscape.com)
Aim: To detect the expression of molecules associated with Notch signaling pathway in stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth (SHED) cultured in specific differentiation medium, namely, keratinocyte growth medium (KGM). (bvsalud.org)
Notch-1, Jagged-1, Jagged-2, and stem cell marker Nanog are expressed in SHED cultured in KGM which may be involved in the differentiation into epithelial-like cells in human dental pulp tissues. (bvsalud.org)
Stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth (SHED) are multipotent stem cells derived from the pulp tissues of extracted deciduous teeth 1 . (bvsalud.org)
Stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth (SHED) (ALLCells, Alameda, CA, USA) were employed in the current study. (bvsalud.org)
To circumvent these obstacles, we have developed two methods for the investigation of human neural cells in culture. (lu.se)
We show that human and chimpanzee cells differentiate in a similar man¬ner and that the difference in interspecies protein abundance is higher than transcript-level differences, suggesting that post-transcriptional mechanisms play a role in the difference between human and chim¬panzee brain development. (lu.se)
2005). Notch1 and syndecan-1 potent human embryonic stem (ES) cells. (lu.se)
Immunohisto- have been used for positive selection of NSCs from em- chemistry on human embryonic central nervous system bryonic mice (Nagato et al. (lu.se)
CD133+), but are rarely codetected with the neural stem dents, very few human-specific NSC markers have been cell (NSC) marker CD15. (lu.se)

Toward this goal, we propose to compare the behavior of nerve cell differentiation in multiple lines of hESCs in one laboratory setting. (ca.gov)

An additional goal, the discovery of unknown genes involved in the serotonergic development and profiling of serotonergic phenotype, might also be achieved. (fu-berlin.de)
This results in the development of an organism with intermingled cell lines. (wikipedia.org)
Researchers have used a line of embryonic stem cells carrying the mutation for Fragile X Syndrome, the most common genetic form of mental retardation, to determine when the altered gene exerts its effect during development, according to a study published online this week in Cell Stem Cell . (the-scientist.com)
Notch receptors and Notch ligands were detected in virtually all cells throughout EB development. (karger.com)
We also find a role for PCGF6 in pre- and peri-implantation mouse embryonic development. (ox.ac.uk)
Our results suggest that ES cells recapitulate closely the early steps of muscle development in vivo and may serve as an excellent in vitro system to study this process. (uni-luebeck.de)
Development of a CRISPR gene correction strategy for. (ubc.ca)
The critical functions of TFs in development are coupled to their target genes through TF binding of cis -regulatory elements such as enhancers. (biomedcentral.com)
During the first hours of an embryo's development, specialized molecules called pioneer transcription factors unravel parts of its DNA to activate the encoded genes. (phys.org)
The large number of pure neurons produced will allow Sun and her team to study their biological form and structure, the genes they express, the development of synapses and the electric and chemical communication activities within the synapse network. (sciencedaily.com)
Large-scale cDNA analysis reveals phased gene expression patterns during preimplantation mouse development. (nih.gov)
Early developmental staging from the zygote stage to the gastrula is a basic step for studying embryonic development and biotechnology. (bioone.org)
The embryonic development of the loach resembled that of the zebrafish in terms of morphological change and gene expression. (bioone.org)
The fact that the DNA of a fully differentiated (adult) cell could be stimulated to revert to a condition comparable to that of a newly fertilized egg and to repeat the process of embryonic development demonstrates that all the genes in differentiated cells retain their functional capacity, although only a few are active. (who.int)
Wnt signaling is critical for normal embryonic development of the skin, bones, and other structures. (medscape.com)
Since Wnt signaling proteins cannot be released without the PORCN protein, and Wnt signaling is important for normal embryonic development, the defects found in this disorder are related to lack of Wnt signaling. (medscape.com)
Wnt proteins are key regulators of embryonic development. (medscape.com)
A family of transcription factors that control EMBRYONIC DEVELOPMENT within a variety of cell lineages. (bvsalud.org)
However, molecular genetic studies have shown that some genes on the inactivated X chromosome (or chromosomes) remain functional, and these few are essential to normal female development. (msdmanuals.com)
Mechanisms that regulate development from single cell to multicellular organisms. (lu.se)
Principles of how dysregulation causes tumour growth and deviant embryonic development. (lu.se)

Cloning describes the processes used to create an exact genetic replica of another cell, tissue or organism. (medlineplus.gov)
A genetic chimerism or chimera (/kaɪˈmɪərə, kə-/ ky-MEER-ə, kə-) is a single organism composed of cells with more than one distinct genotype. (wikipedia.org)
In contrast, an individual where each cell contains genetic material from two organisms of different breeds, varieties, species or genera is called a hybrid. (wikipedia.org)
The study, one of the first to use stem cells from an embryo afflicted with a genetic disorder, found that the mutated gene functions normally in early embryogenesis, but is silenced by cell differentiation. (the-scientist.com)
A germ cell-specific gene regulatory network is required to maintain the unique properties of primordial germ cells (PGCs) for transmission of genetic information to the next generation [ 6 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
The findings validate this controversial method, and may one day allow therapeutic stem cells to be created from a patient's own genetic material. (the-scientist.com)
Noggle said the findings may also pave the way for better induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs), which form when somatic cells are regressed to a pluripotent state through the use of genetic factors. (the-scientist.com)
2. Nuclear transfer is a technique used to duplicate genetic material by creating an embryo through the transfer and fusion of a diploid cell in an enucleated female oocyte.2 Cloning has a broader meaning than nuclear transfer as it also involves gene replication and natural or induced embryo splitting (see Annex 1). (who.int)
Genetic experiments using mouse embryonic fibroblast (MEF) cells derived from wild type or Nrf2 knockout mice revealed that the cells lacking Nrf2 exhibited markedly increased production of ROS and sensitivity to Cd cytotoxicity. (cdc.gov)
if it implants and the pregnancy goes to term, the resulting individual will carry the same nuclear genetic material as the donor of the adult somatic cell. (who.int)
However, an animal created through this technique would not be a precise genetic copy of the source of its nuclear DNA because each clone derives a small amount of its DNA from the mitochondria of the egg (which lie outside the nucleus) rather than from the donor of cell nucleus. (who.int)
Mechanisms for maintaining genetic information during cell division and the generation of genetic variation: replication, mitosis, meiosis, recombination. (lu.se)
Gene technology: basic and applied molecular genetic methods. (lu.se)

Here, we demonstrate that PCGF6-PRC1 plays a role in repressing a subset of PRC1 target genes by recruiting RING1B and mediating downstream mono-ubiquitination of histone H2A. (ox.ac.uk)

My research interests focus mainly on stem cells (embryonic, 'adult' and fetal origins) and their applications in tissue engineering, particularly the osteoblast and bone tissue. (nottingham.ac.uk)

Within this study, we investigated the functional effect of exosomes derived from the DG75 Burkitt's lymphoma cell line and its sublines (LMP1 transfected and EBV infected), together with the hypothesis that they could possibly mimic exosomes released in the course of EBV-associated illnesses. (atminhibitor.com)
The myocytes also express functional nicotinic cholinoceptors and exhibit T-type Ca 2+ currents and later L-type Ca 2+ currents, demonstrating physiological properties of skeletal muscle cells. (uni-luebeck.de)
The study of promoter interactions in other hESC-derived cell types may be of utility in functional investigation of GWAS-associated regions. (manchester.ac.uk)
Single-cell RNA sequencing studies on gene co-expression patterns could yield important regulatory and functional insights, but have so far been limited by the confounding effects of differentiation and cell cycle. (nih.gov)
A large-scale, gene-driven mutagenesis approach for the functional analysis of the mouse genome. (nih.gov)
In this study we developed a functional assay using mouse ES cells to study variants of BRCA1. (jci.org)
Our results demonstrate that this ES cell-based assay is a powerful and reliable method for analyzing the functional impact of BRCA1 variants, which we believe could be used to determine which patients may require preventative treatments. (jci.org)
Scientists were initially interested in somatic-cell nuclear transfer as a means of determining whether genes remain functional even after most of them have been switched off as the cells in a developing organism assume their specialized functions as blood cells, muscle cells, and so forth. (who.int)
The result is functional mosaicism of cells. (medscape.com)

We find that nuclear organization has the greatest impact, and that genes encoding for physically interacting proteins specifically tend to covary, suggesting importance for protein complex formation. (nih.gov)
Short-lived proteins control gene expression in cells to carry out a number of vital tasks, from helping the brain form connections to helping the body mount an immune defense. (phys.org)
Transcription factor Nrf2 is a key regulator of genes encoding phase II detoxification enzymes and antioxidant proteins in response to environmental chemical insults. (cdc.gov)
This gene provides instructions for making a protein that is responsible for modifying other proteins, including Wnt proteins. (medscape.com)
PORCN , a member of the porcupine (PORC) gene family, encodes transmembrane endoplasmic reticulum proteins that target Wnt signaling proteins. (medscape.com)
Drosophila melanogaster porcupine and its mouse homologue PORCN gene encode transmembrane bound endoplasmic reticulum proteins needed for the secretion of Wnt (Wingless and INT-1) proteins. (medscape.com)
Cancer stem cell-associated proteins revealed by proteomics. (medscape.com)

In the skin, these abnormalities follow the embryonic lines of Blaschko. (medscape.com)

By contrast, in adult erythroid cells, the ζ-gene is packaged within a small (~10 kb) sub-domain of hypoacetylated, facultative heterochromatin within the acetylated sub-TAD and that it no longer interacts with its enhancers. (ox.ac.uk)
Enhancers are essential in defining cell fates through the control of cell-type-specific gene expression. (biomedcentral.com)

The transcriptomic hallmarks of rostro-caudal organization recapitulated gene expression patterns of the early rostro-caudal neural plate in mouse embryos. (nature.com)

Normal proliferative tissues contain multipotent stem cells (SCs) that drive tissue turnover. (medscape.com)
SCs are not only capable of maintaining themselves (self-renewal) but also give rise to a proliferative 'transit amplifying' compartment and ultimately to postmitotic differentiated cells with specialized functions. (medscape.com)

EBV infection of B cells in vitro induces the release of exosomes that harbor the viral latent membrane protein 1 (LMP1). (atminhibitor.com)
These cells will be excellent for doing gene expression studies and biochemical and protein analyses. (sciencedaily.com)
When the time was right, Sun's team added protein growth factors into the cell culture that stopped the neural stem cells from self-renewing and prodded them into differentiating into neurons. (sciencedaily.com)
To isolate the cells, Sun and her team added an enzyme that digests a sort of protein matrix that holds cells in culture together. (sciencedaily.com)
A recurring problem in the clinic is that many detectable changes within the BRCA1 gene produce subtle alterations to the protein that are not easily recognized as either harmful (loss-of-function) alleles or harmless and thus inconsequential polymorphisms. (jci.org)
In MEF cells with wild type Nrf2 and mouse hepa 1c1c7 cells, Cd increased the Nrf2 protein level but not the Nrf2 mRNA level dose-dependently. (cdc.gov)
In Drosophila melanogaster , the PORCN gene is involved in the processing of the wingless protein. (medscape.com)
protein sorting and protein maturation by passage through the cytoplasmic organelles of the cell. (lu.se)

Using the same techniques to prod the two embryonic stem cells lines to differentiate, Sun found that one line had a bias to become neurons that are found in the forebrain. (sciencedaily.com)
Huntington's disease, for example, is a forebrain disease, so the neurons should be differentiated from a cell line that is biased to produce neurons from the forebrain. (sciencedaily.com)
Sun said there are ways to prod an embryonic stem cell line biased to become neurons found in the rear brain to become neurons found in the forebrain. (sciencedaily.com)

To identify genes that regulate heart rhythm, we are developing a screen that uses mouse embryonic stem cells (mESCs) with gene disruptions that can be differentiated into cardiac cells for phenotyping. (ca.gov)
Long-range chromosomal interactions bring distal regulatory elements and promoters together to regulate gene expression in biological processes. (manchester.ac.uk)
A new study led by University of Maryland physicists sheds light on the cellular processes that regulate genes. (phys.org)

PCGF6 thus links sequence specific target recognition by the MAX/MGA complex to PRC1-dependent transcriptional silencing of germ cell-specific genes in pluripotent stem cells. (ox.ac.uk)
Many studies have investigated germ cell-specific gene promoters to understand their regulatory mechanisms. (biomedcentral.com)

His main research areas are developmental biology, cell morphogenesis, adult stem cells and cardiac function analysis. (amrita.edu)
Dr. Rajaguru Aradhya and Jagla, K., "Insulin-dependent Non-canonical Activation of Notch in Drosophila: A Story of Notch-Induced Muscle Stem Cell Proliferation", in Notch Signaling in Embryology and Cancer: Molecular Biology of Notch Signaling, vol. 1227, J. Reichrath and Reichrath, S., Eds. (amrita.edu)
I returned full time to Imperial College in 1999 to take up a lectureship in cell biology and tissue engineering and was also actively involved in establishing the Tissue Engineering Centre. (nottingham.ac.uk)
I cover mainly cell biology and physiology. (nottingham.ac.uk)
At the core of the network reside Oct4, Sox2 and Nanog, into embryonic stem cells [1,2,3,4,5], have made major inroads which form a self-organized core of the TFs maintaining into stem cell biology. (lu.se)

Methods for analysis of gene expression: microarray, hybridisation, promoter analyses. (lu.se)

PCGF6-PRC1 bound loci are highly enriched for promoters of germ cell-related genes in mouse embryonic stem cells (ESCs). (ox.ac.uk)
Conditional ablation of Pcgf6 in ESCs leads to robust de-repression of such germ cell-related genes, in turn affecting cell growth and viability. (ox.ac.uk)
NANOG is a core transcription factor (TF) in embryonic stem cells (ESCs) and primordial germ cells (PGCs). (biomedcentral.com)
Therefore, we investigated the mechanism that regulates transcription of the chicken NANOG ( cNANOG) gene in PGCs and ESCs. (biomedcentral.com)
Therefore, we decided to revisit the prevailing model including the epistatic relationship between MLL3/4 to H3K4me1, H3K27ac, and gene transcription in the context of ESCs transitioning from the naive to formative pluripotent states. (biomedcentral.com)

One member of our group is responsible for a facility within the Molecular Biotechnology Center in Torino, aimed at the preparation of transgenic mice using recombinant ES cells. (biomedcentral.com)
Introduction: Five different molecular subtypes of breast cancer have been identified through gene expression profiling. (lu.se)

Summary of Research Progress: Our research aims to identify the optimal culture conditions and the best hESC lines for the derivation of nerve lineage cells in therapeutic cell transplantation. (ca.gov)
In addition, TFs generally initiate and guide cell fate such as lineage progression and control the stability of cell differentiation [ 5 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Citation: Chickarmane V, Peterson C (2008) A Computational Model for Understanding Stem Cell, Trophectoderm and Endoderm Lineage Determination. (lu.se)

Gene transcription is mainly regulated by transcription factors (TFs) that bind to specific DNA sequences (called motifs) located in the promoter regions of genes [ 1 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

Finally, cell transplantation in a mouse stroke model will be used to study the mechanisms and efficacy of different types of hESC-derived neural cells in neural repair. (ca.gov)
The mouse blastocyst-derived embryonic stem cell (ES cell) line BLC6 efficiently differentiates into myosin heavy chain-, desmin- and myogenin- positive skeletal muscle cells when cultivated in embryo-like aggregates (embryoid bodies). (uni-luebeck.de)
I hypothesize that a CRISPR gene strategy can be developed and optimized in humanized mouse embryonic stem cells that will be able to distinguish between the patient variant and non-variant chromosomes, laying the foundation for correcting aniridic congenital blindness in humans. (ubc.ca)
Here we test this model by evaluating the impact of MLL3/4 loss on chromatin and transcription during early differentiation of mouse embryonic stem cells. (biomedcentral.com)
During a recent work, where a knockin SCA28 mouse was prepared, we developed two assays based on Real-Time PCR using both SYBR Green and specific minor groove binder (MGB) probes to evaluate the copies of NEO using the comparative delta-delta Ct method versus the Rpp30 reference gene. (biomedcentral.com)
We apply a tailored experimental design that eliminates these confounders, and report thousands of intrinsically covarying gene pairs in mouse embryonic stem cells. (nih.gov)

Somatic cell nuclear transfer typically involves the transfer of genomic information from a somatic cell into an unfertilized egg cell whose nucleus has been removed. (the-scientist.com)
Somatic cell nuclear transfer has shown limited success in animal studies, which have successfully isolated pluripotent cells. (the-scientist.com)
Instead of removing the egg genome prior to nuclear transfer, he and his colleagues added the somatic cell nucleus directly to the intact egg. (the-scientist.com)
In the end, the egg cell contained three sets of chromosomes-two from the diploid somatic cell, and one from the haploid egg. (the-scientist.com)
For the first time researchers can now compare iPSC differentiation to the same process an egg goes through after the transfer of a somatic cell genome. (the-scientist.com)
Somatic-cell nuclear transfer, the technique by which Dolly was created, was first used 40 years ago in research with tadpoles and frogs. (who.int)
The nucleus of an adult somatic cell (such as a skin cell) is removed and transferred to an enucleated egg, which is then stimulated with electric current or chemicals to activate cell division. (who.int)
However, according to the Lyon hypothesis, 1 of the 2 X chromosomes in each female somatic cell is inactivated genetically early in embryonic life (on or about day 16). (msdmanuals.com)

The model also predicts that reprogramming the network from a differentiated state, in particular the endoderm state, into a stem cell state, is best achieved by over-expressing Nanog, rather than by suppression of differentiation genes such as Gata-6. (lu.se)
A model based which contains the Oct4/Sox2/Nanog core as well its interaction upon regulatory mechanisms inferred from ChIP-on-chip and with a few other key genes. (lu.se)
RNA was reverse-transcribed to obtain the cDNA and then proceeded with PCR using specific primers for the Notch signaling pathway molecules (Notch1, Jagged-1, Jagged-2 and, Hes1) as well as stem cell marker (Nanog). (bvsalud.org)

Fig. 1: Design of the MiSTR cell culture system and establishment of a WNT signaling gradient in hESC-derived tissue. (nature.com)
In plant chimeras, however, the distinct types of tissue may originate from the same zygote, and the difference is often due to mutation during ordinary cell division. (wikipedia.org)
I was also affiliated with the Wolfson Centre for Stem Cells, Tissue Engineering and Modelling (STEM), part of the Centre for Biomolecular Sciences, which is now the Biodiscovery Institute. (nottingham.ac.uk)
Normal multipotent tissue stem cells (SCs) are the driving force behind tissue turnover and repair. (medscape.com)
By contrast, transit amplifying cells and differentiated cells are incapable of self-renewal and tissue regeneration. (medscape.com)
In individuals with this condition, pancreatic acinar cells do not develop in utero and are replaced by fatty tissue. (medscape.com)
Methods: We analysed methylation status of 807 cancer-related genes in 189 fresh frozen primary breast tumours and four normal breast tissue samples using an array-based methylation assay. (lu.se)
Sometimes, random statistical distribution of inactivation in the relatively small number of cells present at the time of inactivation results in a particular descendant tissue having a preponderance of active maternal or paternal X chromosomes (skewed inactivation). (msdmanuals.com)

There is no vision-saving therapy, but one exciting approach is the gene editing capabilities of CRISPR systems to permanently correct the genomic variants. (ubc.ca)
Before the technique will ever make it to the clinic, however, researchers must find a way to remove genomic material from the egg cell. (the-scientist.com)

The resulting clone developed into a microscopic embryo, which survived long enough for pluripotent stem cell lines to be derived. (the-scientist.com)

Single-cell resolution spatial transcriptomics defined the yolk sac erythro-megakaryopoietic niche. (newswise.com)
Single-Cell Transcriptomics Reveals that Differentiation and Spatial Signatures Shape Epidermal and Hair Follicle Heterogeneity. (crossref.org)
Single-cell transcriptomics revealed that rostro-caudal organization was already established at 24 h of differentiation, and that the first markers of a neural-specific transcription program emerged in the rostral cells at 48 h. (nature.com)
Fig. 3: Single-cell transcriptomics of dorsal and ventral MiSTR tissues. (nature.com)
Fig. 4: Single-cell transcriptomics of early MiSTR patterning and temporal dissection of MiSTR regionalization. (nature.com)

The experiment, part of a clinical trial by the US biotechnology company Verve Therapeutics, involved injecting a version of the gene-editing tool CRISPR in order to modify a single letter of DNA in the patient's liver cells. (technologyreview.com)

Cell-cell communication network analysis demonstrated that trophoblast-like tissues supplied WNT signaling in neural crest cells to facilitate maturation and migration. (newswise.com)

The ζ-gene can be partially re-activated by acetylation and inhibition of histone de-acetylases. (ox.ac.uk)

Stochastic models of gene transcription with upstream drives: exact solution and sample path characterization. (crossref.org)
Prior to the PhD he also worked in the laboratory of Dr. Maneesha Inamdar, JNCASR, India, where he worked on the characterization of pericardial cells in Drosophila Melanogaster. (amrita.edu)

By comparing their expression patterns, we determined novel hESC-specific genes and transcriptomes that could serve as reliable hESC markers associated with the "stemness" phenotype. (molcells.org)
Finally, by utilizing gene expression data, we observed that a large fraction of genes reported as having subtype-specific expression patterns might be regulated through methylation. (lu.se)

Gene regulatory networks that drive cell fate are regulated spatiotemporally by cell-type-specific transcription factors (TFs). (biomedcentral.com)

We show for the first time that different trans -regulatory elements control transcription of cNANOG in a cell type-specific manner. (biomedcentral.com)
These findings indicate that regulatory elements in hESC-CMs identified by our approach control gene expression involved in ventricular conduction and rhythm of the heart. (manchester.ac.uk)

Reactivation of these genes may offer therapeutic approaches for the hemoglobinopathies, the most common single gene disorders. (ox.ac.uk)

These covariations form a network with biological properties, outlining known and novel gene interactions. (nih.gov)
80%) and biological pathways (such as adipocytokine, Notch, Hedgehog and NOD-like receptor signaling) were not identified by previous gene array studies. (mdpi.com)
Knowledge on the expression analysis of Notch signaling pathway molecules in SHED cultured in KGM could highlight its involvement in controlling the biological activity of these stem cells, particularly during odontogenesis and other developmental process. (bvsalud.org)

Furthermore, small interfering RNA-mediated knockdown demonstrated that POU5F3 , SOX2 , and CEBP played a role in cell type-specific transcription of cNANOG . (biomedcentral.com)

Our stem cell-based screen may provide a means of identifying other genes that control heart rhythm. (ca.gov)

The severity of defects in focal dermal hypoplasia is variable, and this variability is due to random X-chromosome inactivation (lyonization) within cells. (medscape.com)
XIST is the gene responsible for inactivating the genes of the X chromosome, producing RNA that triggers inactivation. (msdmanuals.com)

Spatiotemporal analysis of stem-cell-derived embryos offers conceptual and technical advances in the field. (newswise.com)
Earlier I told you about a rogue doctor in China who illegally edited the genes of twin girl embryos, implanted them into the mother and they were born. (lifeissues.org)
A couple of studies show some success in generating early microscopic embryos, but this [study] is the first successful pluripotent stem cell line," said Daley. (the-scientist.com)

Notch1 and Notch 2, but not Notch4, were visualized in the nucleus of EB cells, and all these receptors were also observed as patent cytoplasmic foci. (karger.com)
Using cell fractionation and immunoprecipitation, we further demonstrated that Nrf2 and Keap1 were both detected in the cytoplasm and nucleus. (cdc.gov)

Although low ROS levels are beneficial to cellular stress responses for the activation of several cellular signaling pathways, abnormally elevated ROS leads to damage to cells and organs, and eventually, to cell death, thereby ROS can be either beneficial or detrimental to health 11 . (nature.com)

Se caracterizan por poseer un dominio de unión al ADN emparejado altamente conservado que se identificó por vez primera en genes de segmentación de DROSOPHILA. (bvsalud.org)
They are characterized by a highly conserved paired DNA-binding domain that was first identified in DROSOPHILA segmentation genes. (bvsalud.org)

We portrayed the Notch system in embryonic stem cell (ESC)-derived embryoid bodies (EBs) differentiating under the standard protocols used to assess yolk sac (YS) hematopoiesis in vitro. (karger.com)

Reactivation of a developmentally silenced embryonic globin gene. (ox.ac.uk)
The α- and β-globin loci harbor developmentally expressed genes, which are silenced throughout post-natal life. (ox.ac.uk)

p66Shc is encoded by the ShcA gene locus that is expressed as three isoforms of about 46, 52, and 66 kDa in mammals. (nature.com)
By virtue of having 2 X chromosomes, females have 2 loci for every X-linked gene, as compared with a single locus in males. (msdmanuals.com)

Anatomy50

Organisms29

Diseases6

Chemicals and Drugs61

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment35

Phenomena and Processes78

Disciplines and Occupations2

Technology, Industry, Agriculture1

Information Science4

Health Care1

Regulation20

Differentiation of human1

Epigenetic4

Self-renewal and pluripotency1

Mutations12

Progenitor3

Pluripotency11

Early embryonic1

Human46

HESCs1

Development21

Genetic13

Target genes1

Fetal1

Functional9

Proteins7

Abnormalities1

Enhancers2

Recapitulated gene expression1

Proliferative2

Protein8

Forebrain3

Regulate3

Germ cell-specific2

Biology5

Microarray1

ESCs5

Molecular2

Lineage3

Promoter Regions1

Mouse6

Somatic cell8

NANOG3

Tissue8

Genomic2

Pluripotent stem cell1

Transcriptomics5

Biotechnology1

Neural crest1

Acetylation1

Characterization2

Patterns2

Transcription factors1

Regulatory2

Therapeutic approaches1

Biological3

SOX21

Stem cell-based1

Chromosome2

Embryos3

Nucleus2

Pathways1

Drosophila2

Embryoid1

Developmentally2

Locus2