Genes catabolite repression. Medical search. Frequent questions

For example, when grown in the presence of both glucose and maltose, Lactococcus lactis will produce enzymes to metabolize glucose first, altering its gene expression to use maltose only after the supply of glucose has been exhausted. (wikipedia.org)
Sterigmatocystin was shown to be produced only in the absence of glucose (carbon catabolite repression) but independent of CreA when glucose is used as sole carbon source. (wikipedia.org)
At the molecular level, it was found that replacement of glucose by starch has enhanced the relative expression level of ccpA encoding catabolite control protein A. Therefore, the repression of starch utilization by glucose could be probably relieved. (hindawi.com)
Taken together, our data demonstrated that starch instead of glucose can promote colistin production probably by affecting the expression of colistin biosynthesis-related genes, as well as reducing the repression of glucose to a secondary metabolic product. (hindawi.com)
The intrinsic limitation of P BAD for the gene expression is known to be negated by glucose and afflicted with all-or-nothing induction in host bacteria. (nature.com)
Here, we deciphered the CRE1 regulatory range in the model cellulose and hemicellulose-degrading fungus Trichoderma reesei (anamorph of Hypocrea jecorina ) by profiling transcription in a wild-type and a delta- cre1 mutant strain on glucose at constant growth rates known to repress and de-repress CCR-affected genes. (biomedcentral.com)
Here we chose to use chemostat cultures on D-glucose as a carbon source at two different growth rates (one repressing and one derepressing [ 16 ]) to investigate the genome-wide changes in gene expression in relation to CRE1 function, using a Δcre1 recombinant mutant strain of T. reesei and corresponding control strain. (biomedcentral.com)
Expression of the β-xylanase genes in the presence of D-glucose was de-repressed in all the deletion mutants, with significantly higher tolerance against D-glucose repression in Δ pkaA and Δ ganB than in Δ creA . (megazyme.com)
In the presence of galactomannan and D-glucose, partial de-repression of β-mannanase production was detected in Δ creA , but not in Δ pkaA and Δ ganB . (megazyme.com)
Release from D-glucose repression of the β-mannanase genes was partial in the single deletants, while nearly full de-repression was observed in Δ creA Δ pkaA and Δ creA Δ ganB . (megazyme.com)
The other mutants display less stringent catabolite repression , resulting in leaky expression of genes that are not required for growth in glucose . (bvsalud.org)
Catabolite repression and preferential glucose utilisation allows active growth on glucose before switching to production on sucrose. (biomedcentral.com)
The ability to fine-tune the timing and population density at which gene expression is activated from the SUC2 promoter was demonstrated by varying the ratio of glucose to sucrose in the growth medium. (biomedcentral.com)
We used the glucose/sucrose system to control a heterologous RNA interference module and dynamically repress the expression of a constitutively regulated GFP gene. (biomedcentral.com)
All genes involved in glycolysis were coordinately expressed in medium containing glucose. (microbiologyresearch.org)
Growth in the presence of glucose gave rise to abundant expression of most glycolytic genes, with the level of gapA transcript being the highest. (microbiologyresearch.org)
Glucose depletion led to a rapid repression of most glycolytic genes and a corresponding two- to fivefold increased expression of the gluconeogenic genes pps, pck and malE , which are induced by pyruvate, lactate, acetate and/or other organic acids. (microbiologyresearch.org)
Architecture et Réactivité de l'ARN, CNRS, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France A multifaceted small RNA modulates gene expression upon glucose limitation in Staphylococcus aureus EMBO J. 2019 Feb 13. (sfbbm.fr)
Une partie de ces travaux en collaboration avec Delphine Bronesky a montré que le sARN RsaI est induit lorsque la concentration en glucose diminue dans le milieu extracellulaire et que la croissance est arrêtée. (sfbbm.fr)
Cette étude a abouti à la publication de l'article intitulé « A multifaceted small RNA modulates gene expression upon glucose limitation in Staphylococcus aureus» dans le journal EMBO Journal le 21 Janvier 2019. (sfbbm.fr)

This has provided insights into mechanisms of microaerobic gene regulation, and has enabled the development of oxygen-dependent expression systems for high-level synthesis of recombinant proteins. (caltech.edu)
Among CRE1 repressed transcripts, genes encoding unknown proteins and transport proteins were overrepresented. (biomedcentral.com)
Whereas regulating gene expression in multicellular organisms allows for cellular differentiation, in single-celled organisms like prokaryotes, it primarily ensures that a cell's resources are not wasted making proteins that the cell does not need at that time. (pressbooks.pub)
The expression of the PCWDE-encoding genes has been so far primarily investigated on the level of transcriptional regulation by regulatory proteins, especially the transactivator Xyr1 and the repressor Cre1. (tuwien.at)
Otherwise, the impact of chromatin remodeling, i.e. the dynamic modification of chromatin architecture to allow the regulatory proteins access to genomic DNA, on gene expression in T. reesei has received hardly any attention so far. (tuwien.at)
Cells deficient in both these proteases are much more amenable to the production of proteins from cloned genes. (neb.com)
The genome of E. coli MG1655 is 4,641,642 bp, corresponding to 4702 genes encoding 4328 proteins. (encyclopedia.pub)
The genome size of E. coli strain K-12 MG1655 is 4,641,652 bp, corresponding to 4702 genes encoding 4328 proteins, 228 RNA genes, and 146 pseudogenes. (encyclopedia.pub)

Furthermore, it was observed that VHb expression is under oxygen-dependent control in E. coli, suggesting that the mechanism of regulation of the gene in Vitreoscilla is also functional in E. coli. (caltech.edu)
High concentrations of fermentable carbon sources repress gene expression from galactose promoters (GAL) via a carbon catabolite repression mechanism [ 7 ], and galactose utilisation genes are not activated during growth on sucrose [ 8 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Similarly to the cip-cel operon, cel5A and cel5I expressions are regulated by a carbon catabolite repression mechanism, whereas cel44O and cel5D expressions do not seem to be submitted to this regulation. (nottingham.ac.uk)
Carbon catabolite repression is an important regulatory mechanism allowing an organized carbon source utilization. (uni-ulm.de)

Carbon catabolite repression (CCR) enables preferential utilization of easily metabolizable carbon sources, implying the presence of mechanisms to ensure discriminatory gene repression depending on the ambient carbon sources. (megazyme.com)
In the galactose-utilization (GAL) pathway of Saccharomyces cerevisiae , gene induction is unimodal or bimodal depending on natural genetic variation and pre-induction conditions. (elifesciences.org)
Previous efforts to implement dynamic regulation under industrially relevant conditions required the knockout of galactose utilization genes so that a small amount of galactose can be added to fermentations as a gratuitous inducer for gene expression [ 6 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Carbon catabolite repression in bacteria: choice of the carbon source and autoregulatory limitation of sugar utilization. (microbiologyresearch.org)
This mutant could be complemented by either salA or salB, suggesting functional redundancy of these genes in salicin utilization. (lookformedical.com)
The carbon catabolite repression, mediated by the catabolite control protein A (CcpA), is used to express genes involved in utilization and metabolism of the preferred carbon source. (sfbbm.fr)

The idea of enzyme adaptation was thus replaced with the concept of enzyme induction, in which a molecule induces expression of a gene or operon, often by binding to a repressor protein and preventing it from attaching to the operator. (wikipedia.org)
In this report, we examined how deletion of pkaA and ganB , which encode cAMP signaling factors, and creA , which encodes a well-characterized repressor of CCR, affects CCR of hemicellulase genes in the filamentous fungus Aspergillus nidulans . (megazyme.com)
Erwinia chrysanthemi kdgR, a repressor of the genes involved in pectinolysis and in pectinase secretion. (expasy.org)
A) repressor gene. (testbank.ltd)
Die Expression der Gene, die diese Enzyme kodieren, wurde bisher hauptsächlich auf Ebene der Transkriptionsregulation durch regulierende Proteine erforscht, insbesondere die Transaktivatoren Xyrl (Xylanase Regulator 1) und der Repressor Cre1(Carbon Katabolit Repressor 1), deren Zusammenspiel hauptsächlich die Expression dieser Enzyme reguliert. (tuwien.at)

Whole- genome sequencing of these mutants reveals that mutations in key regulatory genes such as HXK2 and STD1 adjust the regulation and transcriptional noise of metabolic genes , with some mutations leading to alternative gene regulatory strategies that allow "stochastic sensing" of the environment . (bvsalud.org)
Transcriptomic and genomic analyses of 'mutualistic' E. coli lines revealed independent mutations that disrupted the carbon catabolite repression global transcriptional regulator system. (nature.com)
Each mutation reproduced the mutualistic phenotypes when introduced into wild-type E. coli , confirming that single carbon catabolite repression mutations can make E. coli an insect mutualist. (nature.com)
Mutations in Escherichia coli that Relieve Catabolite Repression of Tryptophanase Synthesis. (wikidata.org)
The repression was relieved much more by mutations in the creA gene than by one in the creC gene. (shengsci.com)

Through evolution, organisms have developed the ability to regulate their genetic control mechanisms so as to only express those genes resulting in the fastest growth rate. (wikipedia.org)
Mechanisms responsible for oxygen-dependent regulation act at the level of transcription initiation from two overlapping promoters within the region upstream of the VHb gene. (caltech.edu)
Today, a plethora of genes have been shown to be under control of CreA or CRE1 (reviewed in [ 7 ]) but the mechanisms triggering regulation by CreA/CRE1 are less well understood. (biomedcentral.com)
However, the mechanisms for such hierarchical repression are not precisely understood. (megazyme.com)
Elucidating the mechanisms controlling gene expression is important to the understanding of human health. (pressbooks.pub)
Microorganisms possess a variety of mechanisms for modulating gene expression levels according to changes in their environment. (biomedcentral.com)
The mechanisms of gene transfer in bacteria. (jinnah.edu)
The molecular mechanisms that bacteria use to regulate gene activity. (jinnah.edu)
The molecular mechanisms involved in catabolite repression and attenuation. (jinnah.edu)
3) reported the expression analysis for four possible defence related genes in the E. mallotivara host (zinc finger protein, leucine rich protein, aquaporin and peroxidase), in order to understand the defence mechanisms in papaya. (ijbiotech.com)

The discovery of a novel Cytochrome P450 - oxidoreductase gene fusion described the last unknown step in synthesis of morphine and codeine. (wikipedia.org)
Synthesis of active VHb was shown to occur in E. coli from the natural expression signals of the VHb gene. (caltech.edu)
From the transcriptome analysis we found increased expression of siderophore synthesis genes and multiple known virulence genes. (biomedcentral.com)
Thus, beta-glucosidase synthesis in A. nidulans is subject to carbon catabolite repression. (shengsci.com)
Pyruvate metabolism was inclined toward ethanol production under aerobic conditions in S. cerevisiae, while increased transcript abundances of the genes involved in ethanol metabolism and those encoding pyruvate dehydrogenase were seen in K. marxianus, indicating the augmentation of acetyl-CoA synthesis. (omicsdi.org)

CreA/CRE1 binds to the promoters of the respective target genes via the consensus motif 5'-SYGGRG-3', whose function in vivo has been shown both in Aspergillus nidulans and Trichoderma reesei [ 9 - 12 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
The CYS-3 transcription factor bound the promoters and regulated genes involved in sulfur metabolism. (escholarship.org)

The contribution of PkaA and GanB to CCR by D-xylose of the β-mannanase genes was very minor compared to that of CreA. (megazyme.com)
Consequently, the present study revealed that cAMP signaling plays a major role in CCR of hemicellulase gene expression in a manner that is clearly independent from CreA. (megazyme.com)

Identification and alignment of the promoter regions of the transcriptional start sites of glycolytic genes revealed strong similarities to the σ A consensus promoter sequences of Gram-positive bacteria. (microbiologyresearch.org)
transformation and gene expression Bacterial transformation is the process of introducing the foreign DNA into the bacteria. (omgobsessed.com)
Investigation of genes important in the pathogenesis of E. mallotivorawill decipher the function of these genes andunravel the complex interaction of the bacteria and host, and this will enable the understanding of their capabilities to enter plant cells,overcome host resistance and induce disease. (ijbiotech.com)

cAMP, in turn, is required for the catabolite activator protein (CAP) to bind to DNA and activate the transcription of the lac operon, which includes genes necessary for lactose metabolism. (wikipedia.org)
During sulfur starvation, genes involved in nitrogen metabolism, such as amino acid and nucleic acid metabolic pathways, along with genes encoding proteases and nucleases that are necessary for scavenging nitrogen, were activated. (escholarship.org)
Sulfur starvation also caused changes in the expression of genes involved in carbohydrate metabolism, such as those encoding glycosyl hydrolases. (escholarship.org)
Along with genes involved in sulfur metabolism, this transcription factor regulated a number of uncharacterized transporter genes and genes involved in mitochondrial electron transfer. (escholarship.org)
It was shown to be useful to simulate the main metabolism of E. coli for understanding metabolic changes inside the cell in response to specific pathway gene knockouts, considering the whole main metabolic pathways. (biomedcentral.com)
If such a model could be developed, it becomes possible to check the metabolism of a specific gene knockout on the metabolism and fermentation characteristics without conducting many exhaustive experiments, and allow for the screening out of the preferred candidates for performance improvement, followed by experimental verification only for the selected candidates. (biomedcentral.com)

Regulation of pyruvate carboxylase isozyme ( PYC1 , PYC2 ) gene expression in Saccharomyces cerevisiae during fermentative and nonfermentative growth. (microbiologyresearch.org)

Most studies on CCR in fungi have been made with gene model systems where CCR functions in the counteraction of gene induction [ 7 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
lactis in Lactobacillus helveticus: substrate induction and catabolite repression. (lookformedical.com)

however, gene expression in eukaryotes is more complicated because of the temporal and spatial separation between the processes of transcription and translation. (pressbooks.pub)
In this way, regulation of the transcription of all of the structural genes encoding the enzymes that catalyze the many steps in a single biochemical pathway can be controlled simultaneously, because they will either all be needed at the same time, or none will be needed. (pressbooks.pub)
Transcription and expression regulation of some individual cel genes (cel5A, cel5I, cel5D and cel44O) of Clostridium cellulolyticum were investigated. (nottingham.ac.uk)
Unlike the cip-cel operon, these genes are transcribed as monocistronic units of transcription, except cel5D. (nottingham.ac.uk)
Most iclR-type transcription regulators are repressors of specific catabolic genes in the absence of specific substrates, while excess of a specific effector triggers de-repression. (expasy.org)
The structure and transcription of bacterial genes. (jinnah.edu)
During sulfur starvation, the transcription factor CYS-3 is responsible for upregulation of genes involved in sulfur uptake and assimilation. (escholarship.org)
We also used DNA affinity purification sequencing to identify the direct downstream targets of the transcription factor responsible for regulating genes involved in sulfur uptake and assimilation. (escholarship.org)
Furthermore, RsaI expression is accompanied by a decreased transcription of genes involved in carbon catabolism pathway and an activation of genes involved in energy production, fermentation, and nitric oxide detoxification. (sfbbm.fr)

It is recognized that the success of S. aureus depends not only on its virulence genes and development of antibiotic resistance, but also on a coordinated and timely expression of genes upon infection of its host. (biomedcentral.com)
The aim of this study was to compare the in vivo expression of virulence and metabolic genes of S. aureus in a prosthetic joint infection in a human subject with growth in vitro as reference using RNA sequencing (RNA-seq). (biomedcentral.com)

We exploit this natural heterogeneity to evolve a set of mutants that demonstrate how the frequency and duration of changes in carbon source can favor different carbon catabolite repression strategies . (bvsalud.org)
The inactivation or blocking of alternate carbon sources or their genes in favor the preferred carbon source. (bvsalud.org)

One such wide-domain regulatory circuit, essential to all cells, is carbon catabolite repression (CCR): it allows the cell to prefer some carbon sources, whose assimilation is of high nutritional value, over less profitable ones. (biomedcentral.com)
One such wide-domain regulatory circuit is carbon catabolite repression (CCR): it allows the preferred assimilation of carbon sources of high nutritional value over others [ 1 - 4 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
This is usually achieved through inhibition of gene expression of enzymes involved in the catabolism of other carbon sources than the preferred ones. (biomedcentral.com)
Population and single-cell analyses reveal that some wild yeast strains rapidly and uniformly adapt gene expression and growth to changing carbon sources, whereas other strains respond more slowly, resulting in long periods of slow growth (the so-called "lag phase") and large differences between individual cells within the population . (bvsalud.org)
A basic pattern of gene expression and of relative expression levels during different growth phases was obtained for Corynebacterium glutamicum R grown on different carbon sources. (microbiologyresearch.org)

Because sterigmatocystin (ST) is an intermediate of the aflatoxin biosynthesis pathway and is produced by the BSL-1 organism Aspergillus nidulans, it serves as a model for studying regulation of the aflatoxin biosynthetic gene cluster (BGC). (wikipedia.org)
The regulatory pattern of catabolic pathway genes indicated that the bacterial infection was sustained on amino acids, glycans and nucleosides. (biomedcentral.com)
The lin genes encode the gamma-hexachlorocyclohexane (gamma-HCH or lindane) catabolic pathway in lindane-degrading strains. (shengsci.com)

Diauxie occurs because organisms use operons or multiple sets of genes to control differently the expression of enzymes needed to metabolize the different nutrients or sugars they encounter. (wikipedia.org)
The pattern of repression for the different cosubstrates is similar for all operons investigated and was also observed in the absence of the inducing compounds. (uni-ulm.de)

In addition, we found CRE1-repression of nitrogenous substances uptake, components of chromatin remodeling and the transcriptional mediator complex, as well as developmental processes. (biomedcentral.com)

The glmS gene (glucosamine synthetase) is mutated and the expressed GlmS protein (67 kDa) contains six histidine to alanine substitutions (positions 62, 65, 432, 436, 466, 467). (neb.com)

Process by which micro-organisms adapt quickly to a preferred rapidly-metabolizable intermediate through the inhibition or repression of genes related to CATABOLISM of less preferred source(s). (bvsalud.org)

Click to create a comment or rate a document, "The Processes of Bacterial Transformation", The importance of SOC broth for bacterial transformation, Bacterial transformation and gene expression, Successful Transformation of Bacterial Cells with Different Plasmid, The Processes of Bacterial Transformation. (omgobsessed.com)
Bacterial Transformation Lab Report Backround: The plasmid pGLO contains an antibiotic-resistance gene, ampR, and the GFP gene is regulated by the control region of the ara operon. (omgobsessed.com)
The importance of SOC broth for bacterial transformation: SOC is acronym for Super Optimal broth with Catabolite repression. (omgobsessed.com)

Monod later put aside his work on diauxic growth and focused on the lac operon model of gene expression, which led to a Nobel prize. (wikipedia.org)
For example, in E. coli , all of the structural genes that encode enzymes needed to use lactose as an energy source lie next to each other in the lactose (or lac ) operon under the control of a single promoter, the lac promoter. (pressbooks.pub)

Thus, although most regulation of gene expression occurs through transcriptional control in prokaryotes, regulation of gene expression in eukaryotes occurs at the transcriptional level and post-transcriptionally (after the primary transcript has been made). (pressbooks.pub)

Two adjacent genes, salA and salB, conferring beta-glucosidase activity to Escherichia coli, have been identified in a cosmid library of A. irakense DNA. (lookformedical.com)
The gene was cloned and overexpressed in Escherichia coli. (microbiologyresearch.org)

Upregulation of fermentation genes and the presence of ethanol in joint fluid indicated severe oxygen limitation in vivo. (biomedcentral.com)

The respective strains reveal the presence of strong carbon catabolite repression at the transcriptional level. (uni-ulm.de)

Studies in fed-batch fermentations demonstrated that under oxygen limitation, the presence of the VHb gene on a multicopy plasmid enhanced the growth and respiratory characteristics of a recombinant E. coli host as compared to equivalent plasmid-carrying and plasmid-free cells. (caltech.edu)
Thus, a single gene encoding a mesophilic variant of citramalate synthase from Methanococcus jannaschii, CimA3.7, was expressed in E. coli to convert acetyl-CoA and pyruvate to citramalate, and the ldhA and pflB genes were deleted. (microbiologyresearch.org)

However, the gene expression and activity of antioxidative enzymes had no differences between wild type and the zcf29zcf29 mutant. (ncl.edu.tw)
Genomic DNA contains both structural gene s, which encode products that serve as cellular structures or enzymes, and regulatory gene s, which encode products that regulate gene expression. (pressbooks.pub)
Identification, sequence analysis, and expression of a Corynebacterium glutamicum gene cluster encoding the three glycolytic enzymes glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase, 3-phosphoglycerate kinase, and triosephosphate isomerase. (microbiologyresearch.org)

All other glycolytic genes except pps, glk and pgi were transcribed as monocistronic mRNAs under all tested conditions. (microbiologyresearch.org)

Finally, we demonstrated that the system could also be used to repress gene expression (a process also required for many engineering projects). (biomedcentral.com)
The capacity to repress gene expression using RNA interference makes the system highly versatile, with great potential for metabolic engineering applications. (biomedcentral.com)
A) lac structural genes to repress expression. (testbank.ltd)
B) lacZ and lacY genes only to repress expression. (testbank.ltd)

The genetic determinants for diastatic activity in S. cerevisiae are the STA1, STA2 , and STA3 genes. (omegayeast.com)

Using sucrose as an activator of gene expression circumvents the need for expensive inducer compounds and enables gene expression to be triggered during growth on a fermentable, high energy-yield carbon source. (biomedcentral.com)

Staphylococcus aureus gene expression has been sparsely studied in deep-sited infections in humans. (biomedcentral.com)

The number of putative Regulators (genes that regulate it) and Targets (genes it regulates) for the given locus, based on experimental evidence. (yeastgenome.org)
The papaya genome is available onlineto enable the identification of the putative immunity related genes (IRG) and it will be greatly useful for revealing the blueprint of host genes under pathogen stress. (ijbiotech.com)

Therefore, Zcf29p regulates stress response probably through its control of other genes not tested in our study. (ncl.edu.tw)
Engineering dynamic, environmentally- and temporally-responsive control of gene expression is one of the principle objectives in the field of synthetic biology. (biomedcentral.com)
One of the most promising techniques to optimise cell factory performance is to control the expression/repression of relevant genes using dynamic regulation. (biomedcentral.com)
Brewery quality control programs rely on selective microbial growth media and molecular detection of the STA1 gene, however there is a wide functional range of diastatic activity that remains unresolved by these current methods. (omegayeast.com)

Characterization of kdgR, a gene of Erwinia chrysanthemi that regulates pectin degradation. (expasy.org)

Ein wichtiges genetisches Merkmal von RUT-C30 ist eine teilweise Deletion des Gens cre1, durch die der Stamm partiell von Kohlenstoff Katabolit Repression (KKR) freigesetzt wird. (tuwien.at)
Deletion of this gene confers resistance to this type of phage, but does not significantly affect the transformation or growth characteristics of the cell. (neb.com)

Our study provides the first global insight into the molecular physiological response of a multicellular fungus to carbon catabolite regulation and identifies several not yet known targets in a growth-controlled environment. (biomedcentral.com)

Plasmid-encoded gamma-hexachlorocyclohexane degradation genes and insertion sequences in Sphingobium francense (ex-Sphingomonas paucimobilis Sp+). (shengsci.com)

Understanding the interaction between the gene expression of a pathogen and that of its human host is important for the understanding of a particular infectious disease. (pressbooks.pub)
Secondly, the elucidation and identification of the potential pathogen-inducible and defence-related genes in papaya. (ijbiotech.com)

The emerging technology known as targeted therapy facilitates selective delivery of chemotherapeutic agents involving therapeutic genes and drugs to tumor sites, which enhances the therapeutic efficacy and reduces side effects 2 . (nature.com)

In addition, use of starch stimulated the expression of regulatory gene spo0A but repressed the expression of another regulatory gene abrB . (hindawi.com)

Phenotype annotations for a gene are curated single mutant phenotypes that require an observable (e.g., "cell shape"), a qualifier (e.g., "abnormal"), a mutant type (e.g., null), strain background, and a reference. (yeastgenome.org)
Click "Phenotype Details" to view all phenotype annotations and evidence for this locus as well as phenotypes it shares with other genes. (yeastgenome.org)

The discovery of a 10 gene cluster responsible for the production of the anti-cancer compound noscapine in opium poppy provided the tools for molecular breeding of new commercial varieties. (wikipedia.org)
GO Annotations consist of four mandatory components: a gene product, a term from one of the three Gene Ontology (GO) controlled vocabularies ( Molecular Function , Biological Process , and Cellular Component ), a reference, and an evidence code. (yeastgenome.org)

The gapA-pgk-tpi-ppc gene cluster was transcribed as a mono- or polycistronic mRNA, depending on the growth phase. (microbiologyresearch.org)

Anatomy5

Organisms23

Diseases1

Chemicals and Drugs142

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment19

Phenomena and Processes67

Disciplines and Occupations2

Information Science3

Health Care1

Glucose20

Proteins8

Mechanism4

Utilization6

Repressor5

Mutations5

Mechanisms10

Synthesis5

Promoters2

CreA2

Bacteria3

Metabolism6

Saccharomyces1

Induction2

Transcription9

Virulence2

Favor2

Carbon sources5

Pathway3

Operons2

Uptake1

Protein1

Catabolism1

Bacterial3

Operon2

Transcriptional control1

Escherichia2

Fermentation1

Strains1

Coli2

Enzymes3

Transcribed as monocistronic1

Repress4

Cerevisiae1

Inducer1

Staphylococcus1

Putative2

Control4

Regulates1

Deletion2

Multicellular1

Plasmid1

Pathogen2

Enhances the therapeutic efficacy1

Regulatory gene1

Phenotypes2

Molecular2

Cluster1