Genes and proteins heat shock proteins. Medical search. Frequent questions

and HSPA6 (heat shock protein family A (Hsp70) member 6). (nih.gov)
Inducing extra copies of the Hsp70 gene in Drosophila melanogaster increases energetic demand. (nih.gov)
For example, Hsp60, Hsp70 and Hsp90 (the most widely studied HSPs) refer to families of heat shock proteins on the order of 60, 70 and 90 kilodaltons in size, respectively. (wikipedia.org)
We investigated chromosome copy numbers by heat-shock protein 70 gene ( hsp70 ) was sequenced for using the distribution of allelic read depth frequen- species typing ( 4 ). (cdc.gov)
Our results show that Actin (ACT) and Heat Shock Protein 70 (HSP70) were the most stable throughout micromalting, while Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) and Cyclophilin (CYP) were the least stable. (usda.gov)
Two reference genes are necessary for stable transcript normalization according to geNorm and the best two reference genes (ACT and HSP70) provided a sufficient level of stability. (usda.gov)
It is known from earlier studies that the heat shock (HS) response in Malpighian tubules (MTs) of Drosophila larvae is different from that in other tissues because instead of the Hsp70 and other common heat shock proteins, Hsp64 and certain other new proteins are induced immediately after HS. (bioone.org)
In addition, we also examined the transcriptional activity of hsp70 genes in larval MT cells at different times after HS by in situ hybridization and Northern blotting. (bioone.org)
Although the Hsp70 synthesis started only after 1 hour of recovery, the hsp70 genes were transcriptionally activated immediately after HS and they continued to transcribe till at least 4 hours after the HS. (bioone.org)

Plants respond to high temperature stress by regulating expression of an array of genes, heat shock proteins (HSPs) being one of them. (ijcmas.com)
Owing to highly differential expression of HSPs in various crop species under high temperature stress, these could be considered as key stress responsive genes. (ijcmas.com)
Since HSPs gene family contain various members, identification of specific gene(s) playing crucial role in heat stress tolerance could be beneficial for developing stress resilient genotypes. (ijcmas.com)
However, some studies suggest that an increase in damaged or abnormal proteins brings HSPs into action. (wikipedia.org)
The acquired thermotolerant pGST-FL cells synthesized three types of HSPs, including the 76-, 73-, and 64-kDa proteins according to their abundance at a lethal temperature of 47.5°C. This finding indicates that a plant class I LMM HSP, when effectively expressed in transformed prokaryotic cells that do not normally synthesize this class of LMM HSPs, may directly or indirectly increase thermotolerance. (ncu.edu.tw)
HSPs, which ameliorate oxidative stress, calpains, which help in regulating synaptic plasticity, and calmodulin-like skin protein (CLSP) with its neuroprotective role are few promising future targets for developing anti-AD therapies. (benthamscience.com)
HSPs function primarily as molecular chaperones, facilitating the folding of other cellular proteins, preventing protein aggregation, or targeting improperly folded proteins to specific degradative pathways. (rndsystems.com)

Involved in heat shock-mediated polytene chromosome puffing and response to hypoxia. (nih.gov)
[ 8 ] The hGR gene is one locus on the long arm of chromosome 5 (q31.3) and consists of 9 exons. (medscape.com)
3.0: hematopoietic cell-specific Lyn substrate 1 (HCLS1), Kelch domain-containing 6 (KLHDC6), sarcoglycan delta (SGCD), KIAA1706 protein (KIAA1706), RNA guanylyltransferase and 5′-phosphatase (RNGTT), chromosome 10 open reading frame 57 (C10orf57), chromosome 9 open reading frame 52 (C9orf52), and plasminogen activator, urokinase receptor (PLAUR). (molvis.org)
In humans, the CRYAA gene encodes a 173 amino acid residue protein by single copy genes located on chromosome 21. (molvis.org)
The human leukocyte antigen (HLA) system (the major histocompatibility complex [MHC] in humans) is an important part of the immune system and is controlled by genes located on chromosome 6. (msdmanuals.com)
Both polypeptide chains are encoded by genes in the HLA-DP, -DQ, or -DR region of chromosome 6. (msdmanuals.com)

Higher up-regulation of ZmHsp70 was found throughout the stress exposure in the heat tolerant line as compared to the susceptible line. (ijcmas.com)
Sharp up-regulation and rapid decline in expression of ZmHsp82 in LM17 than HKI1015WG8 after 12 hours heat stress exposure suggested its possible role in plant acclimatization to heat-stress conditions. (ijcmas.com)
Further, higher up-regulation of ZmHsp101 even after removal of stress (recovery for 24 hrs) indicated its possible role in recovering plant from adverse effects of heat stress. (ijcmas.com)
Genomic actions involve the regulation of target genes, and suppress most of the vascular elements of inflammation and angiogenesis in the airway. (ersjournals.com)

Heat shock proteins have been found in all species examined, from bacteria to humans, suggesting that they evolved very early and have an important function. (wikipedia.org)

A conserved protein binding domain of approximately 80 amino-acid alpha crystallins are known as small heat shock proteins (sHSP). (wikipedia.org)
small heat shock proteins (sHsps). (igem.org)
Sigma 32 and other house keeping factors act as transcription factors for small heat shock proteins (sHsps). (igem.org)

Komori, M., S.W. Rasmussen, J.A.K.W. Kiel, R.J.S. Baerends, J.M. Cregg, I.J. van der Klei, M. Veenhuis (1997) The Hansenula polymorpha PEX14 gene encodes a novel peroxisomal membrane protein essential for peroxisome biogenesis. (rug.nl)
The fusion transcript encodes a chimeric protein that couples a segment of the heat shock protein, DNAJB1, with the catalytic domain of protein kinase A (PKA) and exhibits full retention of PKA activity. (medscape.com)

Expression profiles of 14 small heat shock protein (sHSP) transcripts during larval diapause and under thermal stress in the spruce budworm, Choristoneura fumiferana (L. (gc.ca)

In 1962, Italian geneticist Ferruccio Ritossa reported that heat and the metabolic uncoupler 2,4-dinitrophenol induced a characteristic pattern of "puffing" in the chromosomes of Drosophila. (wikipedia.org)
Increased synthesis of selected proteins in Drosophila cells following stresses such as heat shock was first reported in 1974. (wikipedia.org)

Heat-shock proteins are named according to their molecular weight. (wikipedia.org)
A gene encoding the rice 16.9-kDa class I low-molecular-mass (LMM) heat- shock protein (HSP), Oshsp16.9, was introduced into Escherichia coli using the pGEX-2T expression vector to analyze the possible function of this LMM HSP under heat stress. (ncu.edu.tw)
Structure of monomeric full-length ARC sheds light on molecular flexibility, protein interactions, and functional modalities. (nih.gov)
1997) The glyoxysomal and plastid molecular chaperones (70-kDa heat shock protein) of watermelon cotyledons are encoded by a single gene. (rug.nl)
The α-crystallins are heat shock proteins that function as molecular chaperones. (molvis.org)
His own research interests include the role of anaerobic bacteria in health and disease, structure/function of staphylococcal superantigens, and the molecular pathogenesis of staphylococcal toxic shock syndrome. (cdc.gov)
Internal transcribed spacer (ITS) regions between 18S and 28S rRNA genes have been used as molecular typing tools for other organisms. (cdc.gov)
Recent advances have been made in the of host factors, polymorphisms, and candidate genes associated characterization of the immune response to low-molecular- with occupational asthma may improve our understanding of weight agents. (cdc.gov)

They play an important role in protein-protein interactions such as folding and assisting in the establishment of proper protein conformation (shape) and prevention of unwanted protein aggregation. (wikipedia.org)

Furthermore, GSOs protected cells against GLU-induced apoptosis by reducing the expression of the mitochondrial apoptosis-associated Bcl-2 family effector proteins and protected cells from GLU-induced oxidative damage by increasing the nuclear translocation of Nrf2 and HO-1 expression. (sdbonline.org)

Cytochrome P450 1A1 and manganese superoxide dismutase genes polymorphisms in reactive arthritis. (cdc.gov)

Several heat shock proteins function as intra-cellular chaperones for other proteins. (wikipedia.org)
At the cellular level, the actions of glucocorticoids are mediated by a 94-kd protein, the glucocorticoid receptor (GR). The human (h) GR belongs to the steroid/thyroid/retinoic acid superfamily of nuclear receptors and functions as a ligand-dependent transcription factor that regulates the expression of glucocorticoid-responsive genes positively or negatively. (medscape.com)
The anti-inflammatory actions of corticosteroids occur with a considerable delay (within hours or days) because of the multiple steps of cellular actions required to change protein expression. (ersjournals.com)
Hsp90 is well preserved and exhibits a chaperone role in the conformational maturation in the cellular stress response, and the nuclear hormone receptors and protein kinases. (eurekaselect.com)
Proteins can also misfold due to cellular stress such as a change in pH, temperature and change in media. (igem.org)
For example: if a periplasmic protein lacked a signal sequence it will misfold in the cytoplasm because the conditions are different in the two cellular compartments. (igem.org)
There are several heat shock pathways in E. coli which are actively transcribed in response to cellular stress. (igem.org)

Alternative splicing of the primary transcript gives rise to the 2 mRNA and protein isoforms, hGR-alpha and hGR-beta. (medscape.com)
Xenopus tropicalis DnaJ heat shock protein family (Hsp40) member B11 (dnajb11), mRNA. (genscript.com)

Immunohistochemical and biochemical investigations of Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II(CaM kinase II) and protein phosphatase (calcineurin) after transient forebrain ischemia demonstrated that the activity of CaM kinase II was decreased in the CA1 region of the hippocampus early (6-12 hours) after ischemia. (nih.gov)
Image analysis of the matched maps identified 7 proteins that were either over- or down-expressed: activated protein kinase c receptor (LACK), alpha tubulin (×2), prostaglandin f2-alpha synthase, protein disulfide isomerase, vesicular transport protein and a hypothetical protein. (who.int)

After washing away unbound material, a biotinylated detection antibody is used to detect both phosphorylated and unphosphorylated protein, utilizing a standard Streptavidin-HRP format. (rndsystems.com)

In addition, although a number of genetic causes of autosomal dominant pulverulent cataracts have been identified (including CRYBB1 ) this is the first gene to have been implicated in autosomal recessive nuclear pulverulent cataract. (molvis.org)
Functional annotation clustering showed that they belong to cell cycle, organelle or nuclear lumen, protein transport, and DNA binding and repair clusters. (molvis.org)

Here we report in-silico characterization of five HSP genes and their expression analysis in two contrasting maize inbred lines i.e. (ijcmas.com)
Gene cloning and characterization of a novel recombinant 40-kDa heat shock protein from Mesobacillus persicus B48. (bvsalud.org)
The present study reports the recognition and characterization of the gene encoding the co-chaperone DnaJ in the halophilic strain Mesobacillus persicus B48. (bvsalud.org)
Characterization of a spruce budworm chitin deacetylase gene: stage-and tissue-specific expression, and inhibition using RNA interference. (gc.ca)

This initial biochemical finding gave rise to a large number of studies on the induction of heat shock and its biological role. (wikipedia.org)
We compared the survivability of E. coli XL1-Blue cells transformed with a recombinant plasmid containing a glutathione S-transferase (GST)-Oshsp16.9 fusion protein (pGST-FL cells) with the control E. coli cells transformed with the pGEX-2T vector (pGST cells) under heat-shock (HS) after isopropyl β-D-thiogalactopyranoside induction. (ncu.edu.tw)

Heat shock protein 70 gene polymorphisms in Mexican patients with spondyloarthropathies. (cdc.gov)
Association study of LMP gene polymorphisms in Mexican patients with spondyloarthritis. (cdc.gov)
Solute carrier family 11 member A1 gene polymorphisms in reactive arthritis. (cdc.gov)
Sometimes additional numbers are added after a colon to identify allelic variants that encode identical proteins, and after another colon, other numbers are added to denote polymorphisms in introns or in 5' or 3' untranslated regions (eg, A*02:101:01:02, DRB1*03:01:01:02). (msdmanuals.com)

In 1974, Tissieres, Mitchell and Tracy discovered that heat-shock induces the production of a small number of proteins and inhibits the production of most others. (wikipedia.org)
Petersen and Mitchell found that in D. melanogaster a mild heat shock pretreatment which induces heat shock gene expression (and greatly enhances survival after a subsequent higher temperature heat shock) primarily affects translation of messenger RNA rather than transcription of RNA. (wikipedia.org)
16. Knorr, D.A. and Dawson, W.O. (1988) A point mutation in the tobacco mosaic capsid protein gene induces hypersensitivity in Nicotiana sylvestris . (springer.com)
a sharp increase of the protein level induces the proliferation of numerous, small protein-import competent peroxisomes. (rug.nl)

A HuProt microarray composed of 17,225 human full-length proteins with N-terminal glutathione S-transferase (GST) tags was used to identify protein-protein interactions. (molvis.org)

We identified the most stable genes to study gene expression in micromalting as Actin and Heat Shock Protein 70. (usda.gov)

[ 19 ] The apparent lack of a second-hit mutation in the genome of FLCs supports the role of DNAJB1-PRACA fusion protein as a major driver of this tumor and as a key diagnostic and therapeutic target. (medscape.com)

Recognition of a single-gene disorder as causal for a patient's 'multiple sclerosis-like' phenotype is critically important for accurate direction of patient management, and evokes broader genetic counselling implications for affected families. (medscape.com)

The most commonly used method of interpretation is relative quantification and thus necessitates the use of normalization controls (i.e. reference genes) to standardize transcript abundance. (usda.gov)
This is the first study to examine the potential of several reference genes for using in qPCR normalization during barley malting. (usda.gov)
We compared the stability of 13 reference genes across both two-and six-row malting barleys (Conrad and Legacy, respectfully) throughout the entirety of the malting process. (usda.gov)

Subsequently good candidate genes were screened for mutations by direct sequencing. (molvis.org)

14. Gowda, S., Wu, F.C., Scholthof, H.B., and Shepherd, R.J. (1989) Gene VI of figwort mosaic virus (caulimovirus group) functions in posttranscriptional expression of genes on the fulllength RNA transcript. (springer.com)
RT-qPCR is a relatively modern technique that is commonly employed to measure gene transcript abundance. (usda.gov)
The most popular gene targets for RT-qPCR are housekeeping genes because they are thought to maintain a static transcript level among a variety of samples. (usda.gov)

The AF-1 plays an important role in the interaction of the receptor with molecules necessary for the initiation of transcription, such as coactivators, chromatin modulators, and basal transcription factors, including RNA polymerase II, TATA-binding protein (TBP), and a host of TBP-associated proteins (TAFIIs). (medscape.com)
Transcription of mCry51Aa2 coding sequence directed by the Arabidopsis thaliana heat shock protein 81-2 promoter (P- hsp81-2) , with enhanced activity due to the Figwort mosaic virus 35S enhancer (E-FMV) located adjacent to the promoter. (cbd.int)
This protein regulates signal transducing molecules, which include members of the Srckinase family of non-receptor tyrosine kinases, serine/threonine kinases and transcription factors. (eurekaselect.com)
Floral inducers including FLOWERING LOCUS T (FT), FD, SUPPRESSOR OF CONSTANS 1 (SOC1), and LFEAY (LFY) activate the transcription of the majority of genes floral genes, promoting Arabidopsis bolting and flowering ( Johansson and Staiger, 2015 ). (frontiersin.org)

The following dnajb11 gene cDNA ORF clone sequences were retrieved from the NCBI Reference Sequence Database (RefSeq). (genscript.com)
These sequences represent the protein coding region of the dnajb11 cDNA ORF which is encoded by the open reading frame (ORF) sequence. (genscript.com)
GenScript guarantees 100% sequence accuracy of all synthetic DNA constructs we deliver, but we do not guarantee protein expression in your experimental system. (genscript.com)
Proteins can also misfold due to mutations that occur in the coding region of the protein that can alter the amino acid sequence and thereby interrupting the native structure of the protein, causing it to misfold and be dysfunctional. (igem.org)
The native E. coli protein MalE generally exported into the periplasmic space but this mutated protein does not get exported to the periplasmic space due to the signal sequence deletion. (igem.org)
Biotin labeled cRNA transcripts were synthesized, fragmented and hybridized to HuGeneFL GeneChip probe arrays representing more than 6800 human genes and expressed sequence tags. (cdc.gov)

Some bacterial heat shock proteins are upregulated via a mechanism involving RNA thermometers such as the FourU thermometer, ROSE element and the Hsp90 cis-regulatory element. (wikipedia.org)
vis1 is regulated by fruit ripening and high temperature and exhibits a typical heat shock protein chaperone function when expressed in bacterial cells. (ox.ac.uk)

Inhibition of new Hsp64 synthesis by transcriptional or translational inhibitors also did not affect the total amount of this protein in MTs. (bioone.org)
Apparently, the cells in MTs maintain a balance between new synthesis of Hsp64 and its turnover so that under all conditions a more or less constant level of this protein is maintained. (bioone.org)

E- FMV , P- EF-1α (Elongation Factor 1 alpha promoter), TS- CTP2 (N-terminal chloroplast peptide), aadA ( Escherichia coli streptomycin 3''-adenylyltransferase), and T- E9 ( Pisum sativum rbcS-E9 gene terminator). (cbd.int)

Based on the results, DnaJ from the M. persicus can potentially be employed for improving the functional features of enzymes and other proteins in various applications. (bvsalud.org)
Alzheimer's possesses complex pathologies of heterogeneous nature counting proteins as one major factor along with enzymes and mutated genes. (benthamscience.com)

It can be due to overproduction of the protein in the cell, in which case the cell lacks resources such as chaperones to fold the protein fast enough. (igem.org)
IbpA and ibpB proteins are chaperones that are responsible for refolding aggregated bodies and inclusion bodies into their native conformation. (igem.org)

The differential gene expression data analysis was performed using GeneChip 4.0 software. (cdc.gov)
Several single gene disorders share clinical and radiologic characteristics with multiple sclerosis and have the potential to be overlooked in the differential diagnostic evaluation of both adult and paediatric patients with multiple sclerosis. (medscape.com)

Vitamin D is obviously the most well-known one that regulates over 2,000 genes related to immune health, musculoskeletal health and many other things. (truthseekerforum.com)

ZmHsp26, ZmHsp60, ZmHsp70, ZmHsp82 and ZmHsp101 exhibited distinctive expression pattern in response to heat stress. (ijcmas.com)
Heat shock proteins (HSP) are a family of proteins produced by cells in response to exposure to stressful conditions. (wikipedia.org)
The dramatic upregulation of the heat shock proteins is a key part of the heat shock response and is induced primarily by heat shock factor (HSF). (wikipedia.org)
sHSPs independently express not only in heat shock response but also have developmental roles in embryonic or juvenile stages of mammals, teleost fish and some lower vertebral genomes. (wikipedia.org)
Expression of the hspb4 gene, which codes for alpha crystallin, increases considerably in the lens in response to heat shock. (wikipedia.org)
As a consequence, the heat shock proteins are also referred to as stress proteins and their upregulation is sometimes described more generally as part of the stress response. (wikipedia.org)
Activity-regulated cytoskeleton-associated protein predicts symptom response to cognitive behavioral therapy among individuals with first-episode psychosis. (nih.gov)
On diagnostic grounds of AD C-reactive protein, pentraxins, collapsin response mediator protein-2, and growth-associated protein-43 represent the future of new possible biomarkers for diagnosing AD. (benthamscience.com)
These results also suggest the coupling of RACK1 to muscle unfolded protein response during SC activation. (sdbonline.org)
The heat shock proteins are a highly conserved family of stress response proteins. (rndsystems.com)
Amongst these, IbpA (inclusion body binding proteins) and ibpB are two different proteins that are activated as a result of cytoplasmic stress response. (igem.org)
Here, we identified a Lettuce auxin response factor 3 ( LsARF3 ), the expression of which was enhanced by heat and auxin treatments. (frontiersin.org)
Therefore, these results demonstrate that LsARF3 could promote lettuce bolting in response to the high temperature by directly or indirectly activating the expression of floral genes such as LsCO, which provides new insights into lettuce bolting in the context of ARFs signaling and heat response. (frontiersin.org)
However, certain genes such as elongation factor1 delta, initiation factor 2B-3, m- phase phosphoprotein had a marginal increase in response to both TCE and TCA compared to control group. (cdc.gov)
Some class I MHC genes encode nonclassical MHC molecules, such as HLA-G (which may play a role in protecting the fetus from the maternal immune response) and HLA-E (which presents peptides to certain receptors on natural killer [NK] cells). (msdmanuals.com)
a protein found in the blood that is produced in response to foreign substances (e.g., bacteria or viruses) invading the body. (cdc.gov)
a foreign substance, usually protein or carbohydrate substance (as a toxin or enzyme) capable of stimulating an immune response, usually the production of antibodies. (cdc.gov)

T (Lys141Asn) missense mutation of small heat-shock protein 22-kDa protein 8 (encoded by HSPB8), which is also responsible for distal hereditary motor neuropathy type (dHMN) II. (nih.gov)
To our knowledge this is the first case of an initiation codon mutation in a human crystallin gene, and only the second report of a CRYBB1 mutation associated with autosomal recessive congenital cataracts. (molvis.org)

LM17 (heat tolerant) and HKI1015WG8 (heat susceptible) subjected to high temperature stress at seedling stage. (ijcmas.com)
It is known that rapid heat hardening can be elicited by a brief exposure of cells to sub-lethal high temperature, which in turn provides protection from subsequent and more severe temperature. (wikipedia.org)

These results indicate that metabolite compound preferentially affects certain set of genes. (cdc.gov)

Association of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) gene insertion-deletion polymorphism with spondylarthropathies. (cdc.gov)

The stability and function of the recombinant DnaJ protein under salt and pH stress conditions were evaluated. (bvsalud.org)
The homology model structure of new DnaJ demonstrated 56% similarity to the same protein from Streptococcus pneumonia . (bvsalud.org)
Fluorescence spectra indicated several hydrophobic residues located on the protein surface, which is consistent with the misfolded polypeptide recognition function of DnaJ. (bvsalud.org)

Levels of proteins, including Cyt C, Bcl-2/BAX, and Nrf2 /HO-1-associated proteins, were determined by western blotting and immunofluorescence. (sdbonline.org)

Alleles defined by DNA sequencing are named to identify the gene, followed by an asterisk, numbers representing the allele group (often corresponding to the serologic antigen encoded by that allele), a colon, and numbers representing the specific allele (eg, A*02:01, DRB1*01:03, DQA1*01:02). (msdmanuals.com)
a severe and sometimes fatal Type 1 reaction in a susceptible person after a second exposure to a specific antigen (e.g., food, pollen, proteins in latex gloves, or penicillin) after previous sensitization. (cdc.gov)
Parents of a child with a family history of que tienen el gene del antígeno de superficie del virus de la Hepatitis B. El antígeno de superficie de la Hepatitis B (HBsAg) expresado en las genetically engineered Hansenula polymorpha yeast cells having the surface antigen gene of the Hepatitis B virus. (who.int)

A) Schematic representation of the structure of the human glucocorticoid receptor (hGR) gene. (medscape.com)
The human GR is a modular protein composed of distinct regions illustrated in panel B in the image below, as follows: (1) The amino-terminal A/B region, also called immunogenic or N-terminal domain (NTD) and (2) the C, D, and E regions, which correspond to the DNA-binding domain, the hinge region, and the ligand-binding domain, respectively. (medscape.com)
Subsequently, she conducted similar tests on pieces of excised human skin, and at a later stage she heated pieces of skin with a laser. (sciencedaily.com)
The production of this protein by the human body declines after the age of 25, causing wrinkles to form and making the skin sag. (sciencedaily.com)
To identify proteins interacting with alpha A-crystallin (CRYAA) and to investigate the potential role that these protein interactions play in the function of CRYAA using a human proteome (HuProt) microarray. (molvis.org)
One-hundred and twenty-seven of 17,225 human full-length proteins were identified that interact with CRYAA. (molvis.org)
Gene expression patterns in human liver cells exposed to tetrachloroethylene and it's metabolite using microarray analysis. (cdc.gov)
In our laboratory, studies have been conducted to determine changes in gene expression patterns in cultured human cells exposed to TCE and TCA. (cdc.gov)

Crystallins constitute about 90% of the water-soluble proteins of the lens and are divided into two major classes, the α-crystallin family and the β/γ-crystallin superfamily. (molvis.org)
CRYAA is one of the major lens proteins, accounting for 35% of all crystallins. (molvis.org)

He has authored over 350 peer-reviewed papers and book chapters and is co-recipient of several US and international patents on the use of the 60 kDa heat shock protein (HSP60) gene sequences as universal targets for infectious disease diagnosis and microbial species identification. (cdc.gov)

The mechanism by which heat-shock (or other environmental stressors) activates the heat shock factor has been determined in bacteria. (wikipedia.org)

A variety of techniques have been used to examine plant viral genomes, the functions of virus-encoded proteins, plant responses induced by virus infection and plant-virus interactions. (springer.com)
These approaches include analysis of spatial and temporal responses by plants to infection, and techniques that allow the expression of viral genes transiently or transgenically in planta, the expression of plant and foreign genes from virus vectors, the silencing of plants genes, imaging of live, infected cells, and the detection of interactions between viral proteins and plant gene products, both in planta and in various in vitro or in vivo systems. (springer.com)
The protein-protein interactions may help CRYAA carry out multifaceted functions. (molvis.org)
To understand the functions of CRYAA and how these are regulated, protein-protein interactions need to be investigated. (molvis.org)

Blue squares indicate phenotypes directly attributed to mutations/alleles of this gene. (jax.org)

Cotton ( Gossypium hirsutum ) modified to express the modified crystal protein mCry51Aa2 from Bacillus thuringiensis strain EG2934 to confer protection against Hemipteran and Thysanopteran insect pests, particularly tarnished plant bugs ( Lygus hesperus and Lygus lineolaris ), cotton fleahopper ( Pseudoalomoscelis seriatus ) and thrips ( Frankiniella spp. (cbd.int)

Anatomy17

Organisms21

Diseases14

Chemicals and Drugs106

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment32

Phenomena and Processes63

Disciplines and Occupations2

Information Science4

Health Care4

Hsp709

HSPs7

Chromosome6

Regulation4

Humans1

Small heat shock pr3

Encodes2

SHSP1

Drosophila2

Molecular8

Unwanted protein aggregation1

Mitochondrial1

Superoxide Dismutase1

Cellular7

MRNA2

Kinase2

Antibody1

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Characterization4

Induction2

Polymorphisms4

Induces4

Glutathione S-transfera1

Actin1

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Reference genes3

Candidate genes1

Transcript3

Transcription4

Sequence6

Bacterial2

Synthesis2

Escherichia1

Enzymes2

Chaperones2

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Regulates1

Response17

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Temperature2

Compound1

Polymorphism1

DnaJ3

Nrf21

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Human8

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Activates1

Interactions4

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Plant1