General anesthetics including propofol. Medical search. Frequent questions

The triggering drugs are succinylcholine (a paralyzing drug/muscle relaxant) and the potent inhaled anesthetic gases sevoflurane, desflurane, isoflurane, or halothane. (theanesthesiaconsultant.com)
The intraoperative anesthetic regimen will be standardized to consist of total intravenous anesthesia using sevoflurane, propofol, lidocaine and magnesium (institutional protocol), and fentanyl with boluses allowed per provider discretion. (centerwatch.com)
All patients will receive a general anesthetic to consisting of 50% oxygen and total intravenous anesthetics consisting of infusions of propofol (60-150 mcg/kg/min), lidocaine (1 mg/kg bolus, then 1.5 mg/kg/hr infusion), magnesium (30 mg/kg bolus, then 6 mg/kg/hr infusion), fentanyl (1 mcg/kg bolus, then 1 mcg/kg/hr infusion, prn boluses), and 0.3 Minimum Alveolar Concentration (MAC) of sevoflurane. (centerwatch.com)
Fast-track eligibility after ambula-tory anesthesia: a comparison of desflurane, sevoflurane, and propofol. (jocpd.com)
Perioperative incidence of airway obstructive and hypoxemic events in patients with confirmed or suspected sleep apnea - a prospective, randomized pilot study comparing propofol/remifentanil and sevoflurane/remifentanil anesthesia. (medscape.com)
Comparison of a loading dose of dexmedetomidine combined with propofol or sevoflurane for hemodynamic changes during anesthesia maintenance: a prospective, randomized, double-blind, controlled clinical trial. (medscape.com)

Postoperative nausea and vomiting results from anesthetic, surgical, and patients factors. (disabled-world.com)
Anesthesia in medically complex patients or those involving multiple stages of surgical intervention may include multimodal analgesia, various neuraxial or regional anesthetic block techniques in addition to general anesthesia and may require inpatient stays where postoperative acute pain services can be provided. (pediatricurologybook.com)
Despite the risk of gastric insufflation and regurgitation, SADs have advantages over tracheal intubation, including a decreased incidence of postoperative sore throat and coughing, improved hemodynamic stability, and reduced anesthetic requirements [ 4 ]. (ekja.org)
IV lidocaine can significantly reduce the amount of propofol, the incidence of hypoxia and postoperative pain during gastroscopy in elderly patients, with a higher patient and gastroscopist satisfaction. (dovepress.com)
Randomized controlled trial of total intravenous anesthesia with propofol versus inhalation anesthesia with isoflurane-nitrous oxide: postoperative nausea with vomiting and economic analy-sis. (jocpd.com)
12 However, some researchers have found that xenon increases postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) compared to other general anesthetics. (xenonhealth.com)
Careful selection and administration of medications is essential in producing the desired and optimal intraoperative anesthetic effect and postoperative outcomes. (medscape.com)

Examples include clonidine and dexmedetomidine. (medssafety.com)
Background Dexmedetomidine has analgesic properties, but the intraoperative analgesic effect of dexmedetomidine is often masked by the effects of other general anaesthetics. (researchgate.net)
The use of dexmedetomidine as a preanesthetic markedly reduces anesthetic requirements in dogs. (nih.gov)
Injectable induction drug requirements for intubation will be reduced between 30% and 60%, depending on the choice of anesthetic and the dexmedetomidine preanesthetic dose. (nih.gov)
The concentration of inhalation maintenance anesthetic will be reduced between 40% and 60%, depending on the dose of dexmedetomidine. (nih.gov)

Globally, propofol is the most frequently used intravenous (IV) anesthetic for the induction and maintenance of general anesthesia ( 1 ). (cdc.gov)
During maintenance of general anesthesia, propofol injectable emulsion causes a decrease in spontaneous minute ventilation usually associated with an increase in carbon dioxide tension which may be marked depending upon the rate of administration and concurrent use of other medications (e.g., opioids, sedatives, etc. (pfizermedicalinformation.com)

Cite this: FDA Warns on Anesthetic, Sedative Use in Pregnant Women, Kids - Medscape - Dec 14, 2016. (medscape.com)
Drugs with analgesic effects, such as opioids and drugs with sedative effects (including phenothiazine tranquilizers) are often included in a premedication scenario. (rrcus.org)
However, premedicants may include agents that have no analgesic or sedative qualities at all, such as atropine, but that are used for other purposes, such as their cardiovascular protective effects. (rrcus.org)
Sedative and anti-anxiety drugs include medications like acepromazine, chlorpromazine, and valium or midazolam. (rrcus.org)
Commonly prescribed non-benzodiazepine sedative-hypnotics include zolpidem (Ambien), eszopiclone (Lunesta), and zaleplon (Sonata). (medssafety.com)
While primarily used for inducing unconsciousness during surgical procedures, general anesthetics also have sedative properties. (medssafety.com)
R(+)-Etomidate is a potent intravenous anesthetic that produces sedative/hypnotic and immobilizing actions by positively modulating GABA A receptors in the brain and spinal cord. (asahq.org)
Propofol has gradually become the most common sedative-hypnotic drug used in painless gastroscopy due to its rapid effect, short half-life, and good sedative effect, but it has disadvantages such as a weak analgesic effect and suppression of respiratory and circulatory systems. (dovepress.com)
However, propofol is thought to produce its sedative/anesthetic effects by the positive modulation of the inhibitory function of the neurotransmitter GABA through the ligand-gated GABA A receptors. (guidelinecentral.com)

Monitored anesthesia care (MAC) combines intravenous sedation with local anesthetic infiltration or nerve blocks. (medscape.com)
Local anesthetic agents are usually of the amino amides class and include such agents as lidocaine, bupivacaine, prilocaine, mepivacaine, and etidocaine. (medscape.com)
For additional information on the classes of local anesthetics, see Local Anesthetic Agents, Infiltrative Administration. (medscape.com)
For incisional sites, a local anesthetic such as 1% lidocaine with epinephrine (EPI) is ideal for direct injection into the incisional site with rapid onset of the anesthetic effect. (medscape.com)
For the local anesthetic, 1% lidocaine often is used with 1:200,000 or 1:100,000 EPI. (medscape.com)

Further study is needed to "fully characterize how early life anesthetic exposure might affect children's brain development, particularly for more lengthy or repeated exposures and in more vulnerable children," they note. (medscape.com)
More studies are needed, however, to better characterize how early life anesthetic exposure affects brain development in children. (empr.com)

Emetogenic drugs commonly used in anaesthesia include nitrous oxide, physostigmine and opioids. (disabled-world.com)
4 Lack of action at GABA A receptors is a common feature of xenon, nitrous oxide, cyclopropane and ketamine, while other inhaled anesthetics target these GABA A receptors. (xenonhealth.com)
8 Furthermore, xenon exhibits more potent analgesic effects than nitrous oxide, which is the only other inhaled anesthetic with true analgesic efficacy. (xenonhealth.com)
Some of these include nitrous oxide (laughing gas), conscious sedation (midazolam), general anesthesia (propofol, fentanyl). (denteldoc.com)

It is of great significance to better understand the potential mechanism of propofol-induced neurotoxicity to eliminate the side effects of propofol. (degruyter.com)
Therefore, a better understanding of the mechanism underlying propofol-induced neurotoxicity is favorable for eliminating the side effects of propofol. (degruyter.com)
Recent imaging studies using fMRI and PET techniques have demonstrated the regional effects of propofol on the brain. (crohnsforum.com)
In contrast, several recent fMRI studies are consistent on the systemic decreased effects of propofol in the frontoparietal network. (crohnsforum.com)
Anesthetic effects of propofol in the healthy human brain: functional imaging evidence. (crohnsforum.com)
The hemodynamic effects of propofol injectable emulsion during induction of anesthesia vary. (pfizermedicalinformation.com)
Comparative clinical studies have shown that the hemodynamic effects of propofol injectable emulsion during induction of anesthesia are generally more pronounced than with other intravenous induction agents. (pfizermedicalinformation.com)
During monitored anesthesia care (MAC) sedation, attention must be given to the cardiorespiratory effects of propofol injectable emulsion. (pfizermedicalinformation.com)

The general anesthetic etomidate acts via gamma-aminobutyric acid type A (GABA(A)) receptors, enhancing activation at low GABA and prolonging deactivation. (asahq.org)
In combination with focal photo-activation, azi-etomidate may prove useful for studies of anesthetic actions in neural circuits. (asahq.org)

DIPRIVAN ® (propofol) injectable emulsion, USP is a sterile, nonpyrogenic emulsion containing 10 mg/mL of propofol suitable for intravenous administration. (guidelinecentral.com)
These highlights do not include all the information needed to use PROPOFOL INJECTABLE EMULSION safely and effectively. (pfizermedicalinformation.com)
See full prescribing information for PROPOFOL INJECTABLE EMULSION. (pfizermedicalinformation.com)
Propofol Injectable Emulsion vials are never to be accessed more than once or used on more than one person. (pfizermedicalinformation.com)
If anesthesia is continued by infusion of propofol injectable emulsion, the stimulation of endotracheal intubation and surgery may return arterial pressure towards normal. (pfizermedicalinformation.com)
Induction of anesthesia with propofol injectable emulsion is frequently associated with apnea in both adults and pediatric patients. (pfizermedicalinformation.com)
In adult patients who received propofol injectable emulsion (2 mg/kg to 2.5 mg/kg), apnea lasted less than 30 seconds in 7% of patients, 30 seconds to 60 seconds in 24% of patients, and more than 60 seconds in 12% of patients. (pfizermedicalinformation.com)
In pediatric patients from birth through 16 years of age assessable for apnea who received bolus doses of propofol injectable emulsion (1 mg/kg to 3.6 mg/kg), apnea lasted less than 30 seconds in 12% of patients, 30 seconds to 60 seconds in 10% of patients, and more than 60 seconds in 5% of patients. (pfizermedicalinformation.com)
Hypotension, oxyhemoglobin desaturation, apnea, and airway obstruction can occur, especially following a rapid bolus of propofol injectable emulsion. (pfizermedicalinformation.com)

General anesthesia is an inevitable part of surgical and other medical procedures worldwide, especially for infants or children [ 1 ]. (degruyter.com)
Here, we report ten X-ray structures and electrophysiological characterization of GLIC variants in the presence and absence of general anesthetics, including the surgical agent propofol. (rcsb.org)
To maximize surgical outcomes, anesthesiologists need to take into account a variety of parameters in addition to providing proper anesthetics, such as age, co-morbidities, functional status, duration of operation, anticipated blood loss, and surgical scope. (pulsus.com)
Perioperative blood transfusion increased morbidity and surgical site infection, according to another study that included 2,934 patients who underwent radical cystectomy [ 3 ]. (pulsus.com)
Pediatric urology procedures cover a wide range of patient types, surgical approaches, and a broad spectrum of anesthetic requirements and approaches. (pediatricurologybook.com)
Good pre-operative communication between the surgical and anesthesia teams is ideal and may include any special peri-operative needs, anticipated post-operative admission or pain issues. (pediatricurologybook.com)
Data from the US and Europe have shown that up to 54% of patients will exhibit general anxiety, nightmares, nighttime crying, enuresis, separation anxiety, and temper tantrums for 2 weeks after their surgical procedure. (pediatricurologybook.com)
Adenotonsillectomy in children is a short surgical procedure under general anesthesia. (druglib.com)
Xenon has advantages over many other general anesthetics in the surgical setting. (xenonhealth.com)

Ketamine is one of the most commonly used anesthetic induction drugs in veterinary medicine. (rrcus.org)
As a general rule, dentists must hold a current dental general anesthesia (deep sedation) certificate in order to employ deep sedation and general anesthesia through the administration of general anesthetic and deep sedation agents including but not limited to, Ketamine and Propofol, by any route of administration outside a hospital or dental school-based practice. (nysed.gov)
Objectives: The aim of this study was to compare the efficacy and safety of ketofol (a mixture of propofol and ketamine) versus fentafol (a mixture of propofol and fentanyl) during the ERPC. (bvsalud.org)
The K group was given ketofol (1ml containing 5mg of propofol and 5mg of ketamine) and F group was given fentafol (1ml containing 5mg propofol and 5mcg fentanyl). (bvsalud.org)

They include lidocaine, mexiletine and phenytoin. (wikipedia.org)
Some common local anesthetics include: Lidocaine, procaine, and bupivacaine. (thepainlesspush.com)
Intravenous (IV) lidocaine during surgery can reduce the demand for propofol and the incidence of cardiopulmonary complications. (dovepress.com)
We examined whether IV lidocaine reduces the dose of propofol and the occurrence of adverse events during gastroscopy in elderly patients. (dovepress.com)
IV lidocaine reduced the total and maintenance propofol dose in Group L ( p (dovepress.com)
For procedures in which flaps are to be elevated, as in a facelift or coronal forehead lift, the incision site is anesthetized as previously mentioned, and the flap area can be infiltrated with a diluted anesthetic such as 0.5% lidocaine with EPI. (medscape.com)
The latter prolongs the anesthetic effect of lidocaine as a result of its vasoconstrictive properties. (medscape.com)
If more prolonged anesthesia is desired, lidocaine can be mixed with bupivacaine, providing the rapid but shorter lasting anesthesia effect of the former coupled with the slower but prolonged anesthetic effect of the latter. (medscape.com)
Adipose tissue is suffused via an infusion cannula in the subcutaneous space, with large volumes of diluted lidocaine (0.05-0.1%) and a diluted concentration of EPI (1:1,000,000) for both anesthetic and hemostatic effects. (medscape.com)

Clinicians are directed to use less perioperative opioids, opt for regional anesthesia and propofol infusion instead, avoid volatile anesthetics, and maintain adequate hydration in patients undergoing same-day surgery. (medpagetoday.com)
Opioids, including morphine and fentanyl, have been widely used in clinical anesthesia and pain treatment for a number of years. (spandidos-publications.com)

The reported dose of propofol alone, without the use of pretreatments such as fentanyl, midazolam, or neuromuscular blocking agents, for insertion of LMA Classic™ varies from 2.0 to 3.42 mg/kg [ 6 ]. (ekja.org)

DIPRIVAN is an intravenous general anesthetic and sedation drug for use in the induction and maintenance of anesthesia or sedation. (guidelinecentral.com)

It is an excellent anesthetic for many outpatient procedures, such as small mass removals, dental prophylaxis, radiographs, etc. (rrcus.org)
Anesthesia plans may vary to include anesthesia for same-day outpatient surgery procedures in healthy patients with an isolated urologic concern or they may be more involved and complex. (pediatricurologybook.com)
Supraglottic airway devices (SADs) such as laryngeal mask airway (LMA) Classic™, LMA ProSeal™, LMA Supreme®, and i-gel® can be used for emergency situations with failed tracheal intubation, as well as for elective inpatient or outpatient surgery under general anesthesia [ 1 2 3 ]. (ekja.org)
7. Cillo JE, Propofol anaesthesia for outpatient oral and maxillo-facial surgery. (jocpd.com)
Propofol: an alternative general anesthetic for outpatient oral surgery. (jocpd.com)
However, visits to hospital emergency and outpatient departments, which represent a significant portion of total ambulatory medical care, are not included in the NAMCS (reference 2). (cdc.gov)
B. SAMPLE DESIGN The 1994 NHAMCS included a national probability sample of visits to the emergency and outpatient departments of noninstitutional general and short- stay hospitals, exclusive of Federal, military, and Veterans Administration hospitals, located in the 50 states and the District of Columbia. (cdc.gov)

Education Law 6605-a provides that a licensed dentist shall not employ conscious sedation, deep sedation or general anesthesia in the practice of dentistry, at any location other than a general hospital, without a dental anesthesia certificate issued by the department. (nysed.gov)

When different amounts of anesthetic medicine is given, your body reaches different depths of anesthesia. (thepainlesspush.com)
In tumescent techniques, vastly larger amounts of anesthetic are used, albeit in dilute concentrations. (medscape.com)

After patients had been administered each propofol dose and rocuronium, the i-gel was inserted and changes in hemodynamic parameters and bispectral index were evaluated. (ekja.org)
However, previous studies have been performed without the use of neuromuscular blocking agents, and LMA Classic™ was used to determine the dose of propofol required for smooth SAD insertion. (ekja.org)
Although i-gel and propofol with neuromuscular blocking agents are commonly used in patients undergoing general anesthesia, few studies have explored the appropriate induction dose of propofol that provides an adequate depth of anesthesia and hemodynamic stability in paralyzed patients for i-gel insertion. (ekja.org)
This study aimed to compare the effect of no muscle relaxants and reduced-dose rocuronium on the anesthetic induction and emergence with fentanyl in children undergoing adenotonsillectomy. (druglib.com)
Reduced-dose rocuronium has been reported to provide optimal anesthetic induction without delayed recovery. (druglib.com)
Intravenous injection of a therapeutic dose of propofol induces anesthesia, with minimal excitation, usually within 40 seconds from the start of injection (the time for one arm-brain circulation). (guidelinecentral.com)
There were no significant differences in fentanyl dose or adverse effects, including nausea, vomiting and dizziness, for the OPRM1 A118G polymorphism (P>0.05). (spandidos-publications.com)
Although several factors, including gender, age, weight, organ function and disease severity lead to differences in individual response to drugs, a number of studies have suggested that the inter-individual variability in drug dose may be mainly due to genetic factors ( 2 - 4 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
The choice of preanesthetic dose depends on the duration and severity of the procedure, as well as the anesthetic regime. (nih.gov)
The anesthetic dose should always be titrated against the response of the patient. (nih.gov)

Propofol has many characteristics of the ideal i.v. anesthetic, including a rapid, smooth induction of anesthesia and rapid clearance from the body. (nih.gov)
As with other rapidly acting intravenous anesthetic agents, the half-time of the blood-brain equilibration is approximately 1 minute to 3 minutes, accounting for the rate of induction of anesthesia. (guidelinecentral.com)

Barbiturates have a higher potential for abuse and can cause significant side effects, including respiratory depression, drowsiness, dizziness, and the risk of overdose. (medssafety.com)

Standard treatment currently consists of a "cocktail" of medications that include anti-nausea medicines (metoclopramide and diphenhydramine) and an analgesic (ketorolac) as well as intravenous fluids. (drugpatentwatch.com)

These are coated with anesthetic to provide epidural analgesia. (thepainlesspush.com)
These states include unconsciousness, immobility, analgesia (lack of pain) and amnesia (lack of memory). (nih.gov)
General anesthesia (GA) is the state produced when a patient receives medications to produce amnesia and analgesia with or without reversible muscle paralysis. (medscape.com)
Xenon acts on various neural receptors to cause anesthesia, and it is associated with better hemodynamic stability, lower toxicity and more potent analgesia than other anesthetics. (xenonhealth.com)

Thus, propofol may be an excellent alternative to inhalation anesthesia. (rrcus.org)

Usually includes amnesia, or loss of memory, at high doses. (thepainlesspush.com)
These drugs are used in much lower doses for minimal sedation than when they are used alone or in combination for anesthetic induction. (rrcus.org)
Propofol, a general anesthetic, has been suggested to be effective for the treatment of migraine headaches in adults when used in subanesthetic doses (lower doses than those used for anesthesia or sedation). (drugpatentwatch.com)
Subjects assigned to the experimental group (Propofol) will receive the same intravenous fluids and up to five doses of propofol. (drugpatentwatch.com)
This study was performed to explore hemodynamic changes and sedation level with different propofol doses in healthy paralyzed patients when the i-gel was inserted. (ekja.org)
Therefore, we designed this study to evaluate the effects of different doses of propofol for i-gel insertion on hemodynamic parameters and the depth of sedation in healthy paralyzed patients. (ekja.org)

This helps open the spaces between the bones in your spine, making it easier for the anesthesiologist to place the epidural tube or spinal anesthetic. (thepainlesspush.com)
Most likely, you will be given spinal or general anesthesia so that youâll sleep through the surgery and wonât feel any pain or discomfort during the procedure. (healthykneesclub.com)
The usual indications for spinal fusion or spinal deformity surgery include neurologic compromise or pain arising from trauma, scoliosis, malignancy, or infection. (renalandurologynews.com)

3 hours) use of general anesthetic and sedation drugs during surgeries or procedures in children younger than 3 years or in pregnant women in the third trimester may affect the child's developing brain, the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) warned today in a Safety Communication. (medscape.com)
As a result, the FDA is requiring warnings to be added to the labels of general anesthetic and sedation drugs. (medscape.com)
In published studies of juvenile animals, use of anesthetic and sedation drugs that block N -methyl-D-aspartate receptors and/or potentiate γ-aminobutyric acid activity for longer than 3 hours increased neuronal apoptosis in the brain, resulting in long-term cognitive deficits, the FDA said. (medscape.com)
Adverse effects on brain development following use of general anesthetic and sedation drugs have been demonstrated in multiple animal species ranging from flatworm to nonhuman primates," they said. (medscape.com)
Consistent with animal studies, recent human data suggest that a single, relatively short exposure to general anesthetic and sedation drugs in infants or toddlers is unlikely to have negative effects on behavior or learning, the FDA said. (medscape.com)
They encourage health providers to discuss with parents, caregivers, and pregnant women the benefits, risks, and appropriate timing and duration of surgery or procedures requiring anesthetic and sedation drugs, as well as the health risks of not treating certain conditions. (medscape.com)
As a result, the FDA has required labeling updates for general anesthetic and sedation drugs to include these warnings. (empr.com)

Anesthetic induction agents are designed to rapidly induce unconsciousness that is free from excitement and struggling, and which will allow the placement of an endotracheal tube, if necessary, for maintenance of general gas anesthesia. (rrcus.org)
They can cause a deep state of sedation or unconsciousness and are associated with potential risks and side effects, including respiratory depression, nausea, vomiting, and post-operative confusion. (medssafety.com)
Accumulating evidence suggest that propofol-induced unconsciousness is associated with a global metabolic and vascular depression in the human brain and especially with a significant reduction in the thalamocortical network and the frontoparietal network. (crohnsforum.com)

Propofol, an IV anesthetic agent, is active on the glutamate and GABA-A receptors, whereas benzodiazepines are active only against the GABA receptors. (medscape.com)
This class of medications includes drugs that have similar effects to benzodiazepines but differ in their chemical structure. (medssafety.com)

Neither group experienced any propofol infusion syndrome or malignant hyperthermia. (medpagetoday.com)
Steady-state propofol blood concentrations are generally proportional to infusion rates. (guidelinecentral.com)

Anesthesia providers are responsible for assessing all factors that influence a patient's medical condition and selecting the optimal anesthetic technique accordingly. (medscape.com)

Examples include propofol, thiopental, and isoflurane. (medssafety.com)

Examples include phenobarbital and pentobarbital. (medssafety.com)

Pharmacodynamic properties of propofol are dependent upon the therapeutic blood propofol concentrations. (guidelinecentral.com)
We have administered propofol anesthesia to 16 subjects and found that, after they had lost behavioral responsiveness (response to standard sensory stimuli), each individual's EEG slow-wave activity (SWA) rose to saturation and then remained constant despite increasing drug concentrations. (ox.ac.uk)
and inspired and exhaled concentrations of oxygen and applicable anesthetic agents. (medscape.com)
There were no significant differences in remifentanil or propofol effect-site concentrations for movers vs. non-movers. (researchgate.net)

Working with a tiny worm called C. elegans, which is an organism commonly used to study health and disease , they found that shutting down multiple genes affected the worm's response to anesthetics. (nih.gov)
Propofol, the most commonly used intravenous anesthetic, is preferred for SAD insertion and ambulatory surgery using SADs due to its depressant effect on airway reflexes and its antiemetic effect [ 5 ]. (ekja.org)

This study describes the clinical experiences of African medical providers who use pediatric proceduralsedation, including clinical indications, medications, adverse events, training, clinical guideline use, and comfort level. (bvsalud.org)

Safe and efficient anesthetic practices require certified personnel, appropriate medications and equipment, and an optimized patient. (medscape.com)
Withdrawal syndrome can occur with a wide range of substances, including ethanol and many illicit drugs and prescription medications. (medscape.com)
To minimize these risks, the anesthesia personnel must titrate the medications carefully to maintain spontaneous respirations while maintaining an anesthetic depth, allowing the patient to remain comfortable. (medscape.com)

The fact that in laboratory and clinical research only certain anesthetic agents and techniques, but not others, appear to be involved, raises the problem on what is the safest and the least safe anesthetic to maximize anesthesia efficiency, avoid occurrence of adverse events, and ensure patient safety. (crohnsforum.com)

Some patients may be on platelet inhibitors, including aspirin or clopidogrel, and it is unlikely that the surgeon would proceed with surgery while a patient is on these agents. (renalandurologynews.com)
Vigabatrin-an approved therapy for refractory focal-onset seizures in adults-inhibits the enzyme responsible for GABA catabolism, increases brain GABA levels and may act synergistically with anesthetic agents to abort seizures. (biomedcentral.com)
Suppression of gag reflex, coughing, and movement using neuromuscular blocking agents may improve SAD insertion, and could decrease propofol requirements for SAD insertion. (ekja.org)
Section 61.10 (b) (2) (i) of the Commissioner's regulations provides that certificates in dental general anesthesia authorizes a licensed dentist to employ conscious (moderate) sedation (enteral or parenteral route with or without inhalation agents), deep sedation, and general anesthesia. (nysed.gov)
Due to the potential complications and patient safety concerns that may arise during the administration of deep sedation using general anesthetic agents, dentists must meet the required training, experience and certification requirements to obtain a dental general anesthesia certificate in accordance with the regulations. (nysed.gov)
Dentists holding dental certificates in other titles, such as dental parenteral conscious (moderate) sedation and dental enteral conscious (moderate) sedation, whether issued for patients 13 years or older or 12 years or younger, should not be utilizing or administering general anesthetic and deep sedation agents, outside a hospital or dental school-based practice, regardless of the level of sedation achieved when utilizing these agents. (nysed.gov)
General anesthesia is induced and maintained using a combination of intravenous and inhaled agents. (medscape.com)
Background: Intravenous balanced anesthesia (IVA) is desirable during the evacuation of retained products of conception (ERPC) to avoid the use of inhalational anesthetics agents that may cause uterus relaxation, the possibility of bleeding, and the risk of uterus perforation. (bvsalud.org)

Do anesthetic regimens need to be altered in patients with confirmed or suspected obstructive sleep apnea? (medscape.com)
Pre-anesthetic assessment with three core questions for the detection of obstructive sleep apnea in childhood: An observational study. (medscape.com)

Twenty propofol-related outbreaks have been reported, affecting 144 patients and resulting in 10 deaths. (cdc.gov)
Related factors included reuse of syringes for multiple patients and prolonged exposure to the environment when vials were left open. (cdc.gov)
MYRIAD included 5,400 patients undergoing CABG at 36 centers in 13 countries. (medpagetoday.com)
Patients in that arm could also receive infused anesthetics, and nearly all did, as this is standard in routine practice. (medpagetoday.com)
These patients usually are stable enough to complete at least a cursory preparation for major spine surgery, including a detailed history and physical exam, complimented by baseline measures of coagulation and hemoglobin, type and cross for blood, and, if possible, an indication of cardiopulmonary function and appropriate functional testing if indicated. (renalandurologynews.com)
Also, healthcare professionals should discuss with patients, caregivers, and pregnant women the the benefits, risks, and appropriate timing and duration of surgery or procedures requiring anesthetics and sedatives, as well as the risks of not treating certain conditions. (empr.com)
I've performed 25,000 anesthetics over 30+ years, and none of my patients have developed MH. (theanesthesiaconsultant.com)
However, in some patients the initial presentation may only include increases in heart rate and respiratory rate, and high temperature may be a late sign. (theanesthesiaconsultant.com)
However, the propofol requirement for i-gel insertion has not been explored in paralyzed patients. (ekja.org)
For the stable maintenance of hemodynamic parameters and proper sedation level during i-gel insertion, 2 mg/kg propofol has an advantage over 1.5 mg/kg or 2.5 mg/kg propofol in healthy paralyzed patients. (ekja.org)
Propofol-based sedation has been widely used for gastroscopy, but the risk of respiratory suppression in elderly patients should not be overlooked. (dovepress.com)
Results were consistent when the study was included in a meta-analysis comprising 10 trials with 6,773 patients in total. (medpagetoday.com)
Study patients were adults having colorectal surgery at least 2 hours with general endotracheal anesthesia who spent at least one night in the hospital. (medpagetoday.com)
The target population of patients includes adults with claudication or critical limb threatening ischemia (CLTI), defined as a patient with objectively documented and any of the following clinical symptoms or signs: Ischemic rest pain with confirmatory hemodynamic studies, diabetic foot ulcer (DFU) or any lower limb ulceration present for at least two weeks and gangrene involving any portion of the lower limb or foot. (vascular.org)
One hundred and twenty-eight gastric cancer patients scheduled to undergo radical gastrectomy under general anesthesia were enrolled in the study. (spandidos-publications.com)
3. Roeters J, Burgersdijk R. The need for general anesthesia for the dental treatment of mentally handicapped patients: a follow-up study. (jocpd.com)
Methods: The study was approved by the local ethics committee, including data from 60 patients scheduled for ambulatory surgery undergoing general anaesthesia with propofol and remifentanil, using TCI. (researchgate.net)
[ 1 ] The introduction of new anesthetic applications enables patients to undergo lengthy and complex procedures as outpatients and then promptly and safely be discharged home. (medscape.com)
Patients given monitored anesthesia rather than general anesthesia experience fewer incidences of nausea and vomiting and typically can be discharged home safely and quickly. (medscape.com)

There were no significant differences between the groups in any of the secondary outcomes or in the incidence of prespecified adverse events, including MI," Landoni's group noted. (medpagetoday.com)
The incidence of MH varies from 1:5000 to 1:100,000 anesthetics. (theanesthesiaconsultant.com)
PONV is one of the most common complications of surgery, with an incidence of approximately 30% in the general population. (medpagetoday.com)

Dental Anesthesiology is a dentistry specialty that includes the administration of local and regional anesthesia, sedation, and related procedures. (denteldoc.com)

Most MH cases appear during a patient's first anesthetic, therefore most MH cases appear in children or young adults. (theanesthesiaconsultant.com)
The oral examination will include a comprehensive review of the patient's medical history and current symptoms. (denteldoc.com)

During deep sedation, propofol preserves cortical sensory reactivity, the specific thalamocortical network is moderately affected, whereas the nonspecific thalamocortical network is severely suppressed. (crohnsforum.com)
For more information on general anesthesia/deep sedation certificates please review New York Education Law §6605-a, Part 86.10 of the Commissioner's Regulations and the New York State Office of Professions Dental Professions website . (nysed.gov)

In the unconscious state, propofol sharply reduces the regional glucose metabolism rate (rGMR) and regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) in all brain regions, particularly in the thalamus. (crohnsforum.com)

The ideal inhaled anesthetic agent has ample potency and a low solubility in blood and tissues (rapid recovery from anesthesia), resists physical and metabolic degradation, and protects and does not injure vital tissues. (nih.gov)
The primary determining factors for use are anesthetic potency and control, rate of anesthesia induction, clearance from the body, and adverse effects. (nih.gov)

Expert opinion: Exposure to general anesthetics is potentially harmful to the human brain, and the consequent long-term cognitive deficits should be classified as an iatrogenic pathology, and considered a public health problem. (crohnsforum.com)

Identify the procedure associated with the highest number of propofol-related infections. (cdc.gov)
After administering general anesthesia, patient vital functions are monitored during the procedure. (medicinenet.com)
Because many of the complications associated with large volume liposuction are related to fluid shifts and fluid balance, classifying the procedure as large volume based on the total volume removed from the patient, including fat, wetting solution, and blood, makes more sense. (medscape.com)
Although dental anesthetics are considered very safe, it is always important to discuss the procedure and any potential risks with the patient. (denteldoc.com)
The dental anesthetics will vary depending on the procedure that needs to be completed. (denteldoc.com)

9 Unlike other inhalational anesthetic drugs, xenon does not trigger malignant hyperthermia, has low potential for toxicity and has no teratogenic (i.e., fetus-harming) effects. (xenonhealth.com)

For the same reason, we did not compare total IV anesthesia with total inhalational anesthesia because the latter strategy is seldom used in adult surgery , and previous trials also allowed for administration of IV anesthetics in the volatile anesthetics group. (medpagetoday.com)
For one, it provides relatively more stable intraoperative blood pressure, lower heart rate and faster emergence from anesthesia than volatile and propofol anesthesia. (xenonhealth.com)

Conclusion: The qCON was able to reliably detect LOC during general anaesthesia with propofol and remifentanil. (researchgate.net)

These drugs are usually administered as a subcutaneous (under the skin) or intramuscular injection around 15 to 20 minutes prior to anesthetic induction in non-emergency procedures. (rrcus.org)

These can be given through injection to the region or rubbed on the surface (topical anesthetic). (thepainlesspush.com)
What is the use of Propofol 50ml Injection? (mcareexports.com)
Propofol 50ml Injection is a general anesthetic. (mcareexports.com)
Propofol 50ml Injection causes loss of consciousness which is reversible. (mcareexports.com)
This Injection is a general anesthetic agent. (mcareexports.com)
There have been reports, in the literature and other public sources, of the transmission of bloodborne pathogens (such as Hepatitis B, Hepatitis C, and HIV) from unsafe injection practices, and use of propofol vials intended for single use on multiple persons. (guidelinecentral.com)

Late clinical findings include hypertension, abnormal heart rhythms, poor blood supply to the extremities (skin turning bluish in color), and sudden unexpected cardiac arrest in children. (theanesthesiaconsultant.com)
Most of the clinical effects can be explained by the interaction of ethanol with various neurotransmitters and neuroreceptors in the brain, including those interacting with gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), glutamate (NMDA), and opiates. (medscape.com)

Using fMRI, several studies observed a decrease of connectivity of the thalamus versus an increase of connectivity within the pons of the brainstem during propofol-induced mild sedation. (crohnsforum.com)

I suggest that these are good anesthetic practices for aquatic animals. (mdpi.com)

A general anesthetic can be broken down into three distinct phases, the pre-, intra-, and post-operative periods. (medscape.com)

Slow-wave activity saturation and thalamocortical isolation during propofol anesthesia in humans. (ox.ac.uk)

Anatomy8

Organisms6

Diseases7

Chemicals and Drugs94

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment39

Psychiatry and Psychology5

Phenomena and Processes22

Disciplines and Occupations3

Technology, Industry, Agriculture1

Information Science1

Health Care5

Sevoflurane6

Postoperative7

Dexmedetomidine5

Maintenance of general anesthesia2

Sedative9

Local Anesthetic5

Characterize how early life2

Nitrous oxide4

Effects of propofol8

Etomidate2

Injectable9

Surgical9

Ketamine4

Lidocaine9

Opioids2

Midazolam1

Diprivan1

Outpatient7

Conscious sedation1

Amounts of anesthetic2

Dose10

Induction of anesthesia2

Barbiturates1

Analgesic1

Analgesia4

Inhalation anesthesia1

Doses6

Spinal3

Sedation drugs7

Unconsciousness3

Benzodiazepines2

Infusion2

Optimal1

Isoflurane1

Pentobarbital1

Concentrations4

Commonly2

Indications1

Medications3

Occurrence of adverse events1

Agents8

Apnea2

Patients19

Incidence3

Regional anesthesia1

Patient's2

Deep sedation2

Reduces1

Potency2

Exposure1

Procedure5

Malignant hyperthermia1

Volatile2

Remifentanil1

Procedures1

Injection6

Clinical2

Thalamus1

Practices1

Post-operative1

Thalamocortical1