• PARR improves diagnosis by amplifying genes for T-cell receptor gamma (TCRG) in the case of T cell phenotype or genes for immunoglobulin heavy change (IGH) in case of B cell phenotype. (vin.com)
  • Jawed vertebrates (gnathostomes) generate a diverse repertoire of B and T cell antigen receptors through the rearrangement of immunoglobulin V, D, and J gene fragments, whereas jawless fish (agnathans) assemble diverse lymphocyte antigen receptor genes through the genomic rearrangement of leucine-rich repeat (LRR) - encoding molecules. (scielo.br)
  • Aberrant immunoglobulin and c-myc gene rearrangements in patients with nonmalignant monoclonal cryoglobulinemia. (aai.org)
  • The status of the immunoglobulin (Ig) genes was investigated in patients with idiopathic nonmalignant monoclonal IgG cryoglobulinemia (NCG). (aai.org)
  • Design and standardization of PCR primers and protocols for detection of clonal immunoglobulin and T-cell receptor gene recombinations in suspect lymphoproliferations: report of the BIOMED-2 Concerted Action BMH4-CT98-3936. (ohsu.edu)
  • Genes, Immunoglobulin" is a descriptor in the National Library of Medicine's controlled vocabulary thesaurus, MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) . (uchicago.edu)
  • The heavy and light immunoglobulin genes are present as gene segments in the germline cells. (uchicago.edu)
  • This graph shows the total number of publications written about "Genes, Immunoglobulin" by people in this website by year, and whether "Genes, Immunoglobulin" was a major or minor topic of these publications. (uchicago.edu)
  • Below are the most recent publications written about "Genes, Immunoglobulin" by people in Profiles. (uchicago.edu)
  • B-cell transcription factor expression and immunoglobulin gene rearrangement frequency in acute myeloid leukemia with t(8;21)(q22;q22). (uchicago.edu)
  • Molecular pathways and mechanisms regulating the recombination of immunoglobulin genes during B-lymphocyte development. (uchicago.edu)
  • Nodular lymphocyte predominant Hodgkin lymphoma (NLPHL) is a slow-growing CD20 positive form of Hodgkin lymphoma, a cancer of the immune system's B cells. (wikipedia.org)
  • The anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody Rituximab has been used in lymphocyte predominant Hodgkin lymphoma with encouraging results. (wikipedia.org)
  • The lymphocytic and histiocytic (L&H) cells of lymphocyte predominant Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) originate from germinal centre B cells and carry mutated V gene rearrangements, usually with intraclonal diversity. (bmj.com)
  • It occurs during the first stage of differentiation of the immature B-lymphocyte. (ichacha.net)
  • They are expressed predominately in hematopoietic cells and may play a role in lymphocyte differentiation. (bvsalud.org)
  • These molecular defects interfere with lymphocyte development and function, blocking the differentiation and proliferation of T cells and, in some types, of B cells and NK cells. (medscape.com)
  • Subsequent differentiation allows for rear- analysis of a set of mouse B lineage cell lines rep- rangements of the Ig light-chain (IgL) genes that replace the resenting defined stages of B cell development us- surrogate light-chain genes on the surface of the B cell [8]. (lu.se)
  • the gene expression profile during B lymphoid differentiation. (lu.se)
  • It is distinguished from classic Hodgkin lymphoma by the presence of CD20 positive lymphocyte predominant cells, also known as popcorn cells due to their polylobated nuclei, which look like popcorn. (wikipedia.org)
  • It is unclear whether intraclonal V gene diversification by somatic hypermutation, which is strictly dependent on the enzyme activation induced cytidine deaminase (AID), is restricted to the early phase of lymphoma clone expansion and later silenced, or whether it remains active throughout malignant proliferation. (bmj.com)
  • Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) is subdivided into classic forms and lymphocyte predominant HL. (bmj.com)
  • Whether IMT is reactive or neoplastic in nature has been controversial, but recently it is considered as a true tumor because of the identification of anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) gene rearrangement [ 2 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • It is possible that T-cell lymphoma shows monoclonal expansion of IGH genes or B-cell lymphoma shows monoclonal expansion of TCRG. (vin.com)
  • PARR for the IGH gene may facilitate the diagnosis of cases histologically highly suggestive of T-cell gastrointestinal lymphoma in which PARR polyclonality of the TCRG gene is detected. (vin.com)
  • Cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (CTCL) (see the image below) is a heterogeneous group of lymphoproliferative disorders characterized by localization of neoplastic T lymphocytes to the skin, with no evidence of extracutaneous disease at the time of diagnosis. (medscape.com)
  • When these unique processes go wrong, the defective lymphocytes give rise to lymphoid cancers, lymphoma, myeloma and lymphocytic leukemia. (bccancerfoundation.com)
  • Differentiating between low-grade lymphoma and reactive lymphocytes is often difficult by morphology alone as reactive lymphoid cells may acquire activation morphology from being exposed to different cytokines within the body fluid. (cytojournal.com)
  • Malignant blast cells (i.e. diffuse large B-cell lymphoma) are fast-growing and result in aggressive disease, whereas malignant mature lymphocytes (i.e. follicular lymphoma) behave indolently. (oncolink.org)
  • The t(14;18) translocation (characteristic for follicular lymphoma but also common in other types) results in activation of the BCL-2 gene and suppression of apoptosis. (oncolink.org)
  • Primary cutaneous gamma/delta T-cell lymphoma with simultaneous JAK2 and TP63 rearrangements: a new double-hit? (elsevierpure.com)
  • We studied the configuration and expression of the gene encoding the beta chain of the T cell receptor (TCR beta) in cell lines and primary tumor cells infected by the human T cell leukemia/lymphoma (lymphotrophic) virus type I (HTLV-I). Most of the cell lines and all the primary tumor cells showed rearrangement of the TCR beta gene, and in each case the rearrangement was distinct. (rupress.org)
  • In conjunction with morphologic evaluation of lymph nodes, bone marrow and other tissue types the detection of a clonal T-cell gene rearrangement by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) can be used to aid a diagnosis of malignant T-cell lymphoma. (ohsu.edu)
  • PCR-based detection of rearranged T-cell receptor genes can be used to help establish a diagnosis of T-cell lymphoma, monitor for treatment response, and/or measure minimal residual disease (MRD). (ohsu.edu)
  • Others components of the infiltrated include lymphocytes, plasma cells, granulocytes and mast cells and occasionally it is misdiagnosed as lymphoma on microscopic examination 4,7,12 . (bvsalud.org)
  • In order to determine whether this high production rate is related to a clonal B cell expansion, the rearrangement of the Ig genes was investigated by Southern blot analysis of genomic DNA extracted from the peripheral blood lymphocytes of four NCG patients. (aai.org)
  • In addition, the possibility of aberrant gene rearrangements was supported by noting the alteration of the c-myc gene locus in genomic DNA from peripheral blood leukocytes of VI and CH. Northern blot analysis of RNA isolated from peripheral blood B cells of VI and CH demonstrated aberrant transcripts of the c-myc gene, showing an active role of the altered c-myc locus. (aai.org)
  • beta-chain variable-region usage was also conserved, with V beta 7 being used by five clones despite contributing less than 2% of peripheral blood lymphocyte V beta sequences of one individual studied. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Patients who have common variable immunodeficiency and autoimmune conditions appear to have very low numbers of isotype-switched memory B cells in peripheral blood and are more likely to have a mutation in the gene that encodes TACI ( TNFRST13B ). (medscape.com)
  • Microsatellite marker analysis showed that loss of the wild-type allele was not involved in the tumorigenesis in any of the studied mutation carriers, but they all showed increased genomic instability assessed by cytogenetic analysis of peripheral blood T-lymphocytes (P = 0.006). (lu.se)
  • These breaks are necessary to create the vast diversity seen in lymphocyte antigen receptors. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The heterodimeric T-cell surface receptors, either alpha/beta (90% -95% of T cells) or gamma/delta (5% - 10% of T cells) are produced following somatic rearrangement of the T-cell receptor (TCR) genes (alpha, beta, delta, and gamma). (ohsu.edu)
  • Currently, certain T lymphocytes (ie, T-helper cells) are known to be responsible for helping immature B cells develop into mature B cells. (medscape.com)
  • Its expression is initiated by functional rearrangement and expression of IgM heavy chain genes and is down-regulated when immature B cells mature and express IgD. (southernbiotech.com)
  • As cross-lineage TCR gene rearrangements have been reported in immature B-cell malignancies, interpretation of this test requires clinical, morphologic, and immunophenotypic correlation. (ohsu.edu)
  • immature cell is then subjected to negative selection to delete grouped based on their previously defined pheno- self-reactive cells before it leaves the BM to enter peripheral typic features, and a gene expression pattern for lymphoid organs, where it becomes a mature B cell [9]. (lu.se)
  • Diagnosis of SCL is most appropriately based on combination of histology, immunohistochemical phenotyping (CD3 - T-cell, CD79a - B cell), and polymer chain reaction to assess antigen receptor gene rearrangements (PARR). (vin.com)
  • Evidence has recently been obtained that two very different recombinatorial systems for lymphocyte antigen receptor diversification appeared at the beginning of vertebrate evolution approximately 500 million years ago. (scielo.br)
  • Physiologic dsDNA breaks are generated in a variety of normal cellular functions, including the RAG endonuclease-mediated rearrangement of antigen receptor genes during the normal development of lymphocytes. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Translocations are thought to occur during normal gene rearrangements (Ig, T-cell receptor). (oncolink.org)
  • Rearrangement of immune receptor loci in B and T lymphocytes takes place in an ordered developmental manner using transcription factors and regulatory elements to open up and turn on the rearrangement process at each individual cluster during its specific stage of differentiation1,2,3,4,5. (estme.org)
  • Configuration and expression of the T cell receptor beta chain gene in human T-lymphotrophic virus I-infected cells. (rupress.org)
  • Conservation of T cell receptor usage by HLA B27-restricted influenza-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes suggests a general pattern for antigen-specific major histocompatibility complex class I-restricted responses. (ox.ac.uk)
  • In X-linked SCID, loss of IL-2 receptor (IL-2R) function leads to the loss of a lymphocyte proliferation signal. (medscape.com)
  • L&H cells from lymphocyte predominant HL cases and centroblasts from lymphadenites were micromanipulated and analysed for AID expression by quantitative real time polymerase chain reaction. (bmj.com)
  • Lymphocyte predominant HL is an uncommon subtype composed of vague nodules of numerous reactive lymphocytes admixed with large popcorn-shaped RSC. (wikipedia.org)
  • Lymphocyte predominant (LP) ("popcorn") cells are present embedded in nodules consisting of B cells and other reactive cells (mainly reactive T cells). (wikipedia.org)
  • Few cells expressed CD8 and were interpreted as reactive lymphocytes. (cdlib.org)
  • However, in most cases there are specific features that may aid in differentiating small reactive from non-reactive lymphocytes including the round shape of the nucleus, the absence of visible nucleoli and the presence of fine clumped chromatin. (cytojournal.com)
  • We are interested in the molecular basis for developmentally regulated rearrangement and expression of murine TCR genes. (duke.edu)
  • In VI the idiotype of the IgG cryoglobulin was also detected in association with IgM in the supernatant of Epstein-Barr virus-stimulated B lymphocytes using a murine monoclonal anti-idiotypic antibody. (aai.org)
  • Traditionally, B cells have been believed to be the lymphocytes responsible for antibody production via maturation into plasma cells (ie, humoral immunity), and T cells have been believed to be the lymphocytes responsible for killing other cells or organisms (ie, cellular immunity). (medscape.com)
  • While it is known that genotoxic agents, such as IR, activate transcriptional programs involved in maintaining the integrity of the genome, we also want to investigate whether or not the genotoxic breaks could affect lymphocyte-specific maturation transcriptional responses similar to those we observed following RAG-induced physiological DSBs. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The completed genes are created when the segments are shuffled and assembled (B-LYMPHOCYTE GENE REARRANGEMENT) during B-LYMPHOCYTE maturation. (uchicago.edu)
  • We examined over 180,000 rearrangements obtained from 400 million activated B lymphocytes to two loci, IgH and c-myc. (rockefeller.edu)
  • It is characterized by myofibroblastic and fibroblastic spindle cells and an infiltrate of plasma cells, lymphocytes, and/eosinophils. (hindawi.com)
  • Histopathologic analysis revealed an ulcerated lesion with a dense mixed infiltrate of eosinophils, variably sized lymphocytes and epithelioid cells extending into submucosa. (bvsalud.org)
  • Ordered rearrangement of B-lymphocyte variable gene regions thereby contributing to antibody diversity. (ichacha.net)
  • 1 Analysis of V gene rearrangements in single L&H cells revealed the presence of somatic mutations with intraclonal diversity in functional monoclonal V gene rearrangements, in line with a GC B cell origin. (bmj.com)
  • Intraclonal diversity in V gene rearrangements as a result of active somatic hypermutation is a typical feature of GC B cells. (bmj.com)
  • RAG1 and RAG2 cause a defect in the variable diversity joining (VDJ) rearrangement needed for mature T and B cells to develop. (medscape.com)
  • These findings highlight a new level of Shikimic acid (Shikimate) immune system regulation that optimizes gene diversity. (estme.org)
  • The heavy chain germline genes have an additional segment D (diversity). (uchicago.edu)
  • My lab is interested in what controls the initiation of antibody gene rearrangement during B cell development. (umassmed.edu)
  • In order to pin-point when progenitors have acquired the ability to rearrange antibody genes, we are using a novel retroviral substrate assay for V(D)J recombination, utilizing very bright mutants of Green fluorescent protein (GFP). (umassmed.edu)
  • For example, we were able to demonstrate that mutations in a gene called EZH2 are present in more than 80 per cent of lymphomas derived from antibody-making lymphocytes. (bccancerfoundation.com)
  • Omenn syndrome is the result of mutations in the genes coding for recombinases (recombination activating genes). (medscape.com)
  • Mutations and gene amplifications that confer drug resistance emerge frequently during chemotherapy, but their mechanism and timing are poorly understood. (babraham.ac.uk)
  • Sometimes these changes are mutations in a specific gene. (bccancerfoundation.com)
  • This means that gene mutations and chromosome abnormalities in cells occur sporadically (by chance) and are not inherited from a parent. (texaschildrens.org)
  • SCID results from mutations in any of more than 15 known genes. (medscape.com)
  • 3. Has confirmation that EGFR-, ALK-, or ROS1 directed therapy is not indicated as primary therapy (documentation of the absence of tumor activating EGFR mutations [eg, DEL19 or L858R], AND absence of ALK and ROS1 gene rearrangements). (who.int)
  • In NCG, monoclonal antibodies are synthesized at an accelerated rate by nonmalignant B lymphocytes. (aai.org)
  • When this occurs, it is termed cross-lineage rearrangement and it has been documented in humans and canine lymphoid cancers. (vin.com)
  • Molecular Detection of Oncogenic Gene Rearrangements. (harvard.edu)
  • The lymphocytic and histiocytic (L&H) cells of lymphocyte predominant HL express B cell markers and also the germinal centre (GC) marker BCL6, indicating that they are derived from GC B cells. (bmj.com)
  • 11 To clarify this issue for lymphocyte predominant HL we quantitatively examined the expression of AID in the L&H cells of six patients with lymphocyte predominant HL at the transcription level, because suitable antibodies for immunohistochemistry are not yet available. (bmj.com)
  • The immune system's lymphocyte component is divided into B cells and T cells. (medscape.com)
  • Other T lymphocytes (ie, T-suppressor/cytotoxic cells) possess the killing function and also inhibit B-cell development. (medscape.com)
  • In addition, the generation of two GFP mutants with distinct excitation optima allows for detection of two distinct GFP genes within single cells. (umassmed.edu)
  • Selumetinib causes long-term G1 arrest accompanied by reduced expression of DNA replication and repair genes, but cells stochastically re-enter the cell cycle during treatment despite continued repression of pERK1/2. (babraham.ac.uk)
  • In lymphoid cancer the cells which turn malignant are lymphocytes, the white blood cells of which our immune system is composed. (bccancerfoundation.com)
  • Our immune system lymphocytes face a unique challenge compared to most cells in our body. (bccancerfoundation.com)
  • Second, lymphocytes must tinker with and redesign their own genetic code so that they can make highly specific antibodies (immunoglobulins) that recognize specific germs, for example, influenza, and targeted killer cells that can identify other cells in the body that have been invaded by germs, for example, tuberculosis. (bccancerfoundation.com)
  • The lymphocytes overproduce, thus, crowding out other blood cells. (texaschildrens.org)
  • In three of four (VI, BR, and CH) clonal expansion of B cells was detected using probes specific for the c kappa, JH, c gamma 4 genes (in accordance with detecting IgG kappa cryoproteins in these patients). (aai.org)
  • The large lymphocytes include the natural killer cells, i.e. cytotoxic cells involved in the innate immune response of vertebrates. (biologyonline.com)
  • Lymphocytes are derived from the stem cells of the lymphoid series, thus the name. (biologyonline.com)
  • It is expressed as the percentage of lymphocytes to the total number of white blood cells. (biologyonline.com)
  • To examine the origins of chromosomal rearrangements we developed Translocation Capture Sequencing (TC-Seq), a method to document chromosomal rearrangements to a fixed DSB genome-wide, in primary cells. (rockefeller.edu)
  • Cell lines infected by HTLV-I express levels of TCR beta mRNA similar to PHA stimulated lymphocytes, suggesting that this gene is not transcriptionally activated as a result of infection by HTLV-I. Cloned T cells of known antigen specificity that are infected by HTLV-I in vitro show impairment of immune function, including loss of antigen-specific responsiveness and the acquisition of alloreactivity. (rupress.org)
  • The configuration of the TCR beta gene in primary tumor cells infected by HTLV-I was compared with that in the derived cell lines. (rupress.org)
  • There was dense fibrosis and numerous IgG4-positive plasma cells (100-120/hpf), admixed with lymphocytes and few histiocytes. (bvsalud.org)
  • Hemophagocytic syndrome (HPS) is a potentially fatal condition due to dysregulated lymphocyte activation and proliferation, mainly characterised by impaired or inactive natural killer (NK) cells and cytotoxic T cells, which leads to macrophage hyperactivation and over-expression of cytokines [ 1 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • According to the literature, the pathogenesis of HT-related thyroid cancer may be due to the diffuse lymphocyte infiltration, apoptosis of thyroid epithelial cells, fibrous replacement, and follicular destruction in HT. (medsci.org)
  • B lymphocyte development is a highly ordered process pro- expression analysis without the use of intermediate amplifica- ceeding from the progenitor cells in the bone marrow (BM) to tion steps. (lu.se)
  • Lymphocytes, B and T cells, can respond selectively to thousands of non-self materials. (lu.se)
  • The key interests lie within the field of genome integrity and variation, cell division, regulation of gene expression, protein turnover and signal transduction. (ki.se)
  • Our data and analysis reveal that proximity between DSBs, transcriptional activity and chromosome territories are key determinants of genome rearrangement. (rockefeller.edu)
  • Ig gene-like molecule CD31 plays a nonredundant role in the regulation of T-cell immunity and tolerance. (uchicago.edu)
  • In other experiments, we have shown that cytogenetic re-arrangements (breakage and movement of pieces of chromosomes from their normal location to abnormal locations on other chromosomes) can move the master regulator of cell proliferation, the MYC gene, to a new chromosomal location where it is turned on all the time rather than on and off when needed. (bccancerfoundation.com)
  • The AID transcription level was higher than background in three of the six lymphocyte predominant HL cases, although it was lower than that seen in centroblasts. (bmj.com)
  • Histologically, a mature lymphocyte is characterized by the large nucleus, scanty cytoplasm, and the absence of distinct nucleolus and organelles. (biologyonline.com)
  • The precise mechanism for cross-lineage rearrangement in lymphocytes is unclear. (vin.com)
  • [ 4 . 5 ] Adding to the challenge, classic lymphoglandular bodies, representing remnants of lymphocyte cytoplasm, are typically inconspicuous or absent in effusion fluids, in contrast to FNA material from solid specimens. (cytojournal.com)
  • In a very interesting chapter, Z. PANCER and M. D. COOPER first consider the emergence of lymphocytes as a novel circulatory cell type in vertebrates and then discuss phylogenetic aspects of the superfamily of LRR - containing proteins and their role in immunity. (scielo.br)
  • Chromosomal rearrangements, including translocations, require formation and joining of DNA double strand breaks (DSBs). (rockefeller.edu)
  • In particular, the total number of chromosomal rearrangements was significantly increased (P = 0.002). (lu.se)
  • Cellular DNA-binding proteins encoded by the rel gene (GENES, REL). (bvsalud.org)
  • To reduce the risk of analyzing cell line- pathway can be divided into distinct stages based on the specific features, we used several representative cell lines for recombination status of the Ig genes and on the expression each of four major stages in B cell development: pro-B, pre-B, pattern of surface markers and the presence of intracellular proteins [1- 6]. (lu.se)
  • We identified a central lymphocyte-specific transcriptional response common to both physiologic and genotoxic breaks, which includes many lymphocyte developmental processes. (biomedcentral.com)
  • 7 Several studies analysing AID expression and mutation patterns in V gene rearrangements in various B cell non-HLs showed that, although somatic hypermutation activity is strictly dependent on AID, the expression of this protein does not necessarily indicate ongoing somatic hypermutation. (bmj.com)
  • The assay is performed on isolated DNA with BIOMED-2 primers amplifying the VK, JK as well as intragenic and Kde region of the IG kappa ( IGK ) gene. (uthscsa.edu)
  • Lymphocytes are a type of white blood cell capable of producing a specific immune response to unique antigens. (biologyonline.com)
  • Originally, it was thought that at the time of rearrangement the two alleles in each cell are equal substrates for activation, with the choice being made in a stochastic manner10,11. (estme.org)
  • this appears to have resulted in the presence of three alleles of the TCR beta gene, each of which is arranged differently. (rupress.org)
  • Mammals start generating B lymphocytes during fetal development and continue to do so throughout life. (umassmed.edu)
  • We previously showed that physiologic breaks initiate lymphocyte development-specific transcriptional programs. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The ordered rearrangement of gene regions by DNA recombination such as that which occurs normally during development. (harvard.edu)
  • Comparison of the configuration of the TCR beta gene before and after infection revealed no changes detectable by Southern blot analysis. (rupress.org)
  • 3] Nearly all patients with NBS are homozygous for the same founder mutation, ie, deletion of 5 bp (657del5) in the NBS1 gene, which encodes the protein nibrin. (medscape.com)
  • It can also move the controller of programmed cell death, the BCL2 gene, which the immune system uses to produce the precisely targeted immune response we need to fight individual infections. (bccancerfoundation.com)
  • The B lymphocytes are involved in the production of antibodies in the humoral immune response. (biologyonline.com)
  • The T lymphocytes participate in the cell-mediated immune response. (biologyonline.com)
  • Levels of expression of the TCR beta gene at the mRNA level and surface expression of the T3 complex were also not significantly altered, suggesting that changes in immune function cannot be attributed to quantitative changes in the TCR molecule. (rupress.org)
  • With the advances in BMT and gene therapy, patients now have a better likelihood of developing a functional immune system in a previously lethal genetic disease. (medscape.com)
  • The etiology of IMT is uncertain, including ALK gene rearrangement, virus infection, trauma, and chronic inflammation [ 3 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • The lymphocytes normally fight infection. (texaschildrens.org)
  • This suggests that the chromosomal abnormality, and possibly infection by HTLV-I, occurred before TCR beta gene rearrangement. (rupress.org)
  • Eight HLA B27-restricted influenza A virus nucleoprotein 383-391-specific cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) clones were obtained from three unrelated donors following natural infection. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Clonal lymphocyte populations below this sensitivity threshold will not be detected. (ohsu.edu)
  • Our findings demonstrate that acquisition of MEK inhibitor resistance often occurs through gene amplification and can be suppressed by impeding cell cycle entry in drug. (babraham.ac.uk)
  • Epigenetic balance ensures mechanistic control of MLL amplification and rearrangement. (harvard.edu)
  • 1 V(D)J recombination and the activity of genes of interest (using GFP as a reporter of gene expression) can be detected as intracellular fluorescence and are measured simultaneously in the same cell population, at the single cell level. (umassmed.edu)
  • Expression of CD25 on activated T lymphocytes is transitory and endogenously regulated. (southernbiotech.com)
  • This may be the result of Activation Induced Cytidine Deaminase (AID) expression, which introduces a heretofore uncharacterized array of rearrangements. (rockefeller.edu)
  • R software was used in this study to identify DEGs in HT and PTC using data in Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO). (medsci.org)
  • tures and gene expression patterns. (lu.se)
  • This finding suggested the presence of additional nonsecretory B cell clones and/or disruption of the gene segments spanned by and detected with the probes. (aai.org)
  • The gene segments of the human light and heavy chain germline genes are symbolized V (variable), J (joining) and C (constant). (uchicago.edu)