• Since lens central fiber cells lose their nuclei during development, these crystallins are made and then retained throughout life, making them extremely stable proteins. (wikipedia.org)
  • Immunohistochemistry was performed to validate the expression of two upregulated (EpCAM, FADD) and two downregulated (NDRG1, αB-crystallin) proteins in 190 paraffin-embedded tissue samples. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Two upregulated (EpCAM, FADD) and two downregulated (NDRG1, αB-crystallin) proteins were associated with the progression of breast cancer. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The protein encoded by this gene belongs to the superfamily of small heat-shock proteins containing a conservative alpha-crystallin domain at the C-terminal part of the molecule. (caslab.com)
  • Alpha-crystallins also act as molecular chaperones that bind to denatured proteins, keep them in solution and thereby maintain the translucency of the lens. (lookformedical.com)
  • The proteins exist as large oligomers that are formed from ALPHA-CRYSTALLIN A CHAIN and ALPHA-CRYSTALLIN B CHAIN subunits. (lookformedical.com)
  • α-crystallin is a member of the small heat shock protein family, which helps in maintaining and thickening of the cell wall and in providing stability to proteins that allow the bacteria to survive under harsher conditions 7 . (nature.com)
  • Resolved proteins were then transferred onto a nitrocellulose membrane (Product # IB23001) by iBlot® 2 Dry Blotting System (Product # IB21001). (thermofisher.com)
  • The multifunctional regulator nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor (Nrf2) is considered not only as a cytoprotective factor regulating the expression of genes coding for anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory and detoxifying proteins, but it is also a powerful modulator of species longevity. (springer.com)
  • The major characteristics of Nrf2 are to some extent mimicked by Nrf2-dependent genes and their proteins including heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), which besides removing toxic heme, produces biliverdin, iron ions and carbon monoxide. (springer.com)
  • Fasciculin 2 and toxin alpha proteins belong to the same structural family of three-fingered snake toxins. (shengsci.com)
  • We found that, across the radiation, all seven cone opsins-but not the rhodopsin-rank among the most differentially expressed genes in the retina, together with other vision-, circadian rhythm-, and hemoglobin-related genes. (bvsalud.org)
  • We identified 1149 differentially expressed genes, which were separated into two major modules by weighted gene correlation network analysis, one consisting of mostly upregulated genes correlated with regeneration and the other consisting of only downregulated genes associated with metabolism and homeostatic processes. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Alpha-crystallin A chain is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CRYAA gene. (wikipedia.org)
  • Seven protein regions exist in crystallins: four homologous motifs, a connecting peptide, and N- and C-terminal extensions. (wikipedia.org)
  • Alpha crystallins can be induced by heat shock and are members of the small heat shock protein (sHSP also known as the HSP20) family. (wikipedia.org)
  • αB-crystallin, a stress-related protein that has recently been shown to be important for cell invasion and survival, was identified as a potential prognostic biomarker to predict the outcome of breast cancer patients. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The expression of this gene in induced by estrogen in estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer cells, and this protein also functions as a chaperone in association with Bag3, a stimulator of macroautophagy. (caslab.com)
  • HspX or α-crystallin, a 16 kDa protein, is one of the dominant antigens expressed during the latent stages of M. tuberculosis infection and under various other conditions like low oxygen tension, nutrient starvation or hypoxia 7 , 8 . (nature.com)
  • Whole cell extracts (30 µg lysate) of HeLa (Lane 1), SH-SY5Y (Lane 2), A549 (Lane 3), A-431 (Lane 4) were electrophoresed using NuPAGE™ 4-12% Bis-Tris Protein Gel (Product # NP0321BOX). (thermofisher.com)
  • Vimentin phosphorylation by a protein kinase causes the breakdown of intermediate filaments and activation of an ATP and myosin light chain dependent contractile event. (thermofisher.com)
  • MazG is a homodimeric alpha-helical protein that belongs to the superfamily of all-alpha NTP pyrophosphatases. (shengsci.com)
  • ADH is a dimeric zinc metalloprotein and occurs as five different classes in humans, resulting from gene duplications during vertebrate evolution, the first one traced to ~500. (researchgate.net)
  • Here, we examined 753 new retinal transcriptomes from 112 species of cichlid fishes from Lake Tanganyika to unravel adaptive changes in gene expression at the macro-evolutionary and ecosystem level of one of the largest vertebrate adaptive radiations. (bvsalud.org)
  • Defects in this gene cause autosomal dominant congenital cataract (ADCC). (wikipedia.org)
  • Her research lab aims to identify the first genes for autosomal dominant optic disc drusen. (stanford.edu)
  • Short-chain dehydrogenases/reductases (SDRs) constitute a large family of NAD(P)(H)-dependent oxidoreductases, sharing sequence motifs and displaying similar mechanisms. (researchgate.net)
  • Nrf2 activates transcription of antioxidant enzymes by binding to the antioxidant response element (ARE) in the promoter regions of its target genes [ 23 , 24 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • Upon exposure to ROS, Keap1 undergoes a conformational change that allows Nrf2 to translocate to the nucleus, bind to the ARE region, and initiate transcription of target genes [ 24 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • Oxidized Keap1 dissociates from Nrf2, allowing Nrf2 to translocate to the nucleus, bind to the ARE region, and initiate transcription of target genes. (hindawi.com)
  • Hence, boosting BCG with latency associated antigens like α-crystallin may prove to be an effective strategy for controlling TB. (nature.com)
  • The following product was used in this experiment: Vimentin Monoclonal Antibody (V9) from Thermo Fisher Scientific, catalog # MA5-11883, RRID AB_10985392. (thermofisher.com)
  • The discovery of the antioxidant response element (ARE) have led to the conclusion that the battery of genes, including glutamate-cysteine ligase (GCL), thioredoxin reductase 1 (Txnrd1), NAD(P)H-quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1) and heme oxygenase-1 (HMOX1) is regulated through Nrf2 binding to this consensus binding sequence [ 3 ]. (springer.com)
  • Nrf2 stabilization and increase in its half-life even to 200 min [ 9 ] allows nuclear translocation and activation of transcription of cytoprotective genes (Fig. 1 ). (springer.com)
  • DNA methylation and histone modifications play a central role in the epigenetic regulation of gene expression and cell differentiation. (cipsm.de)
  • Expression of the Escherichia coli tryptophanase operon depends on ribosome stalling during translation of the upstream TnaC leader peptide, a process for which interactions between the TnaC nascent chain and the ribosomal exit tunnel are critical. (cipsm.de)
  • Because the environment encountered as well as methods that allow direct measurement of gene within a living host will be quite different from the external expression during interaction with a host. (cdc.gov)
  • Two of these environment, pathogens must be able to regulate the neces- methods, signature-tagged mutagenesis and in vivo sary genes in coordination as they move from the environ- expression technology, do not directly measure gene ment to the host and from one host niche to another. (cdc.gov)
  • expression and do not allow true genomic-scale analysis, The primary aim of investigating bacterial pathogenesis but they have been devised to identify genes necessary for is to understand the way that pathogens interact with the pathogens during real infections. (cdc.gov)
  • PERSPECTIVE their application to analysis of bacterial pathogens during terial gene expression during growth in vitro under condi- real infections is still in its infancy. (cdc.gov)
  • Using quantitative RT-PCR we studied the expression of TRPC3, interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta), and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) in monocytes from 15 patients with essential hypertension and 16 age- and sex-matched normotensive control subjects. (shengsci.com)
  • To explore SESN2 expression in this study, we first detected the SESN2 expression using one-step quantitative-polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) test and Western blotting analysis in 15 fresh HCC tissues. (biomedcentral.com)
  • In addition, an excess of oxidative free radicals also increases the expression of proinflammatory genes and activates the inflammation process [ 18 , 19 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • This is often achieved through duplication, functional diversification, and/or differential expression of visual opsin genes. (bvsalud.org)
  • We propose two visual palettes characteristic of very shallow- and deep-water living species, respectively, and show that visual system adaptations along two major ecological axes, macro-habitat and diet, occur primarily via gene expression variation in a subset of cone opsin genes. (bvsalud.org)
  • The upregulation of HSP70 chaperone genes was verified and their expression confirmed in BS vasculature cells previously identified as stem and progenitor cells. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The transcription of the beta-globin genes in mouse erythroleukemia cells has been examined by hybridizing labeled RNA obtained from isolated nuclei after chain elongation in the presence of [alpha-32P]UTP. (shengsci.com)
  • Sequence-specific primers with 3′ end mismatches were used to identify the presence of specific allelic variants by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification. (molvis.org)
  • HO-1 and their products exert beneficial effects through the protection against oxidative injury, regulation of apoptosis, modulation of inflammation as well as contribution to angiogenesis. (springer.com)
  • Free radicals such as reactive oxygen species (ROS) are oxidants that are normally produced as a by-product of normal aerobic metabolism [ 1 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • DA is unstable and can undergo oxidation and metabolism to produce multiple reactive and toxic by-products, including reactive oxygen species, DA quinones, and 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetaldehyde. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Each molecule of clathrin consists of three light chains (CLATHRIN LIGHT CHAINS) and three heavy chains (CLATHRIN HEAVY CHAINS) that form a structure called a triskelion. (lookformedical.com)
  • The additional information gen- these responses will increase understanding of the molec- erated by whole genome studies goes far beyond that ular mechanisms of pathogenesis, identify new bacterial derived by characterizing in isolation more genes and gene virulence factors, and aid in the design of new vaccines. (cdc.gov)
  • Crystallins are separated into two classes: taxon-specific, or enzyme, and ubiquitous. (wikipedia.org)
  • In this study, the effects of 100 nm boron nanoparticles (B-NPs) on the primary antioxidant status of Nile tilapia were researched via analysis of enzyme activities and related gene expressions. (bvsalud.org)
  • The hsp70 , dnaJb4 , and bag3 genes were among the highest upregulated genes and were predicted to interact in an HSP70 chaperone system. (biomedcentral.com)
  • siRNA-mediated gene knockdown showed that hsp70 and dnaJb4, but not bag3, are required for progenitor cell targeting and distal regeneration. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The chaperone system genes hsp70 , dnaJb4 , and bag3 are significantly upregulated in the branchial sac vasculature following distal injury, defining a stress response that is essential for regeneration. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Human CRYAA genome location and CRYAA gene details page in the UCSC Genome Browser. (wikipedia.org)
  • The gene was neither found in the Y51 genome, nor in those of other members of the Peptococcaceae family listed in IMG (Integrated Microbial Genomes), suggesting that this group of organisms may have evolved an unconventional dihydrofolate reductase for the synthesis of THF. (screeninglibraries.com)
  • encoded by Nfe2l2 gene) is a transcription factor responsible for the regulation of cellular redox balance and protective antioxidant and phase II detoxification responses in mammals [ 1 , 2 ]. (springer.com)
  • In this study, a genetically stable, marker-free recombinant MVA expressing α-crystallin of M. tuberculosis (rMVA. (nature.com)
  • While most dominant NDD genes are highly intolerant to variation, some exceptions are connected to the presence of variants in transcripts that are not brain expressed and/or genes that demonstrate acquired somatic mosaicism in blood. (mdpi.com)
  • A large number of NDD genes have been identified in cases where varying phenotypes depend on the type of inheritance (for example, dominant or recessive), the nature (for example missense or truncating) or location of the mutation. (mdpi.com)
  • The shared haplotype containing the SPAG8 variant selleck products in this small pedigree was 22.7 Mb and overlapped with the core 9p21 linkage locus for ALS and frontotemporal dementia. (cdk-receptor.com)
  • Patients and controls were genotyped for the A/C polymorphism at position −863 of the TNF-α gene promoter region. (molvis.org)
  • Gradually, the C-peptide part of proinsulin has evolved from being viewed upon as a side product of insulin synthesis and secretion to being considered as a bioactive peptide with endocrine functions. (researchgate.net)
  • Association with beta 2-microglobulin is generally required for the transport of class I heavy chains from the endoplasmic reticulum to the cell surface. (lookformedical.com)
  • For now, alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) is still the most widely acknowledged marker in early detection and follow-up surveillance for HCC [ 10 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • In one of the study from our laboratory, we have shown that a DNA vaccine expressing α-crystallin provides considerable protection to guinea pigs against M. tuberculosis infection 12 . (nature.com)
  • The acetyl-CoA degradation and related genes are shown in more detail (boxed). (screeninglibraries.com)
  • The identification of novel genes and of rare, highly penetrant pathogenic variants is helping to enhance our understanding of genotype-phenotype correlations. (mdpi.com)
  • Beta crystallin a chain. (lookformedical.com)
  • The basic subunit of beta-crystallins. (lookformedical.com)
  • All six exons of crystallin, beta A4 gene ( CRYBA4 ) were amplified by PCR methods and direct sequencing. (molvis.org)
  • Further, the theta power increase is coupled with desychronization of beta band power and alpha band power which are modulated by the task near the end of movement. (cdk-receptor.com)
  • We are an international group of biotechnology companies focusing on the development, production and distribution of IVD products and technologies for laboratory automation. (biovendor.com)
  • Some of the products in development at academic institutions that do not have a commercial sponsor are also included. (researchandmarkets.com)
  • This report describes the role of neuroprotection in acute disorders such as stroke and injuries of the nervous system as well as in chronic diseases such as neurodegenerative disorders because many of the underlying mechanisms of damage to neural tissues are similar in all these conditions and several products are used in more than one disorder. (researchandmarkets.com)
  • We further identified αB-crystallin as an independent biomarker to predict lymph node metastasis and the outcome of breast cancer patients. (biomedcentral.com)
  • In addition, a previous study from our laboratory based on BCG priming followed by boosting with the DNA vaccine expressing α-crystallin imparted markedly better protection against M. tuberculosis in comparison to BCG in both guinea pigs and mice 13 . (nature.com)
  • in case of nucleic acids, Watson-Crick pairing drives self-assembly while, in case of peptides, backbone hydrogen bonds and interactions between aromatic side chains trigger the formation of structures, such as nanotubes or ribbons. (cnr.it)
  • Polyclonal Antibody Branched chain a-keto acid dehydrogenase kinase (BCKD)ab. (clonagen.com)
  • The ebook Symposium on Biophysics and Physiology of of traditions your F appeared for at least 10 products, or for now its invalid form if it wants shorter than 10 marches. (yourserve.com)