• We found 65 miRNAs regulated during in vitro adipogenesis in primary adipocytes. (biomedcentral.com)
  • When comparing primary adipocyte profiles, with those of cell lines reported in the literature, we found a high degree of difference in 'adipogenesis' regulated miRNAs suggesting that the model systems may not be accurately representing adipogenesis. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The expression of 10 adipogenesis-regulated miRNAs were studied using real-time qPCR and then we selected 5 miRNAs, that showed robust expression, were profiled in subcutaneous adipose tissue obtained from 20 humans with a range of body mass indices (BMI, range = 21-48, and all samples have U133+2 Affymetrix profiles provided). (biomedcentral.com)
  • In conclusion, we provide a preliminary analysis of miRNAs associated with primary cell in vitro adipogenesis and demonstrate that the inflammation-associated miRNA, mir-21 is up-regulated in subcutaneous adipose tissue in human obesity. (biomedcentral.com)
  • These miRNAs are around 22 nucleotides in size that are central and negative regulators of gene expression. (mbpinc.net)
  • Moreover, the block expression at the post-transcriptional levels and transcriptional levels, on the basis of perfect or imperfect match in sequences among miRNAs and target genes is also there. (mbpinc.net)
  • These miRNAs are known to be the "epigenetic controllers" since they impact gene expression without brining any changes in the genomic sequence. (mbpinc.net)
  • Just like the protein coding genes, miRNAs are also influenced to epigenetic changes and regulation by DNA methylation in their respective promoter regions. (mbpinc.net)
  • The DNA methylation of miRNAs has an indirect impact on the regulation of the miRNA target genes. (mbpinc.net)
  • That being said, the DNA methylation of miRNAs also is a big factor that leads to overexpression in the target genes. (mbpinc.net)
  • As a result, the gene targets can be regulated with the help of a plethora of different miRNAs, simultaneously. (mbpinc.net)
  • This creates a great network of miRNAs-targets that greatly enhances the complexity of gene regulation. (mbpinc.net)
  • Scientists further worked showed that despite of the differences between cell lines in the gene expression level, the miRNAs-gene network is very slightly influenced or disrupted in these pathways. (mbpinc.net)
  • This also showed that there is an inverse correlation between methylation statuses of the above mentioned miRNAs along with the expression of their gene targets. (mbpinc.net)
  • All in all, the data shows a very complex, multi-level interaction of all the epigenetically changed and influenced miRNAs that weren't able to completely regulate the cell cycle. (mbpinc.net)
  • On the other hand, the miRNAs examined in this study can also be used to target other genes and pathways. (mbpinc.net)
  • Moreover, other literature and studies have demonstrated that many genes are directly silenced by methylation, and not by miRNAs. (mbpinc.net)
  • A large number of studies have demonstrated that the synergistic collaboration of a number of microRNAs (miRNAs), their growth factors and their downstream agents is required for the initiation and completion of pathogenesis in the liver. (wjgnet.com)
  • MicroRNAs (miRNAs) são pequenos RNAs não-codantes, conservados ao longo da evolução, capazes de regular a expressão gênica através da degradação ou repressão da tradução de moléculas-alvo de RNA mensageiro. (bvsalud.org)
  • Dessa forma, a função dos miRNAs pode, em última instância, depender do microambiente específico de determinado tipo celular, o qual pode prover diferentes repertórios de genes-alvo. (bvsalud.org)
  • O presente estudo realiza uma revisão da literatura sobre miRNAs, enfocando aspectos relacionados à biogênese, mecanismos de ação e o papel potencial desses pequenos RNAs na carcinogênese oral. (bvsalud.org)
  • Como os miRNAs podem regular mais de um RNAm-alvo 33 , estima-se que estes pequenos RNAs controlem a expressão de aproximadamente 30% dos genes que codificam proteínas 23 . (bvsalud.org)
  • Dessa forma, os miRNAs são considerados uma das classes de genes regulatórios mais abundantes em humanos, constituindo um mecanismo-chave no processo de regulação gênica 29 . (bvsalud.org)
  • A localização dos genes miRNA em sítios frágeis do genoma e as marcantes variações na expressão destas moléculas em diversas neoplasias provêm evidência circunstancial para a participação dos miRNAs na etiopatogênese tumoral 42 . (bvsalud.org)
  • Os miRNAs oncogênicos encontram-se superexpressos em tumores malignos e atuam estimulando a proliferação celular e inibindo a ação de genes supressores tumorais e genes que controlam a apoptose 9,41 . (bvsalud.org)
  • O presente estudo realiza uma revisão da literatura sobre miRNAs, enfocando aspectos relacionados à biogênese, mecanismos de ação e o papel potencial dessas pequenas moléculas de RNA na carcinogênese oral. (bvsalud.org)
  • DEFB1 expression after transfection with two micro RNAs (miRNAs), hsa-miR-186-5p and hsa-miR-340-5p, provided evidence that DEFB1 expression could be modulated by these miRNAs and hsa-miR-186-5p had a higher binding efficiency with DEFB1. (cdc.gov)
  • Simple Summary: This study identified a set of 73 microRNAs (miRNAs) that can accurately detect lung cancer tumors from normal lung tissues. (cdc.gov)
  • From the list of genes that were targeted by the 73 diagnostic miRNAs, DGKE and WDR47 had significant associations with responses to both systemic therapies and radiotherapy in lung cancer. (cdc.gov)
  • This study identified a set of 73 microRNAs (miRNAs) that classified lung cancer tumors from normal lung tissues with an overall accuracy of 96.3% in the training patient cohort (n = 109) and 91.7% in unsupervised classification and 92.3% in supervised classification in the validation set (n = 375). (cdc.gov)
  • Experimentally confirmed target genes were identified for the 73 diagnostic miRNAs, from which proliferation genes were selected from CRISPR-Cas9/RNA interference (RNAi) screening assays. (cdc.gov)
  • MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are an integral part of the post-transcriptional machinery of gene expression and have been implicated in the carcinogenic cascade. (cdc.gov)
  • SNPs in 6 miRNA processing genes and in 78 miRNAs which target genes known to be important in breast cancer among 906 African American (AA) and 653 European American (EA) cases and Author Manuscript controls enrolled in the Women's Circle of Health Study (WCHS). (cdc.gov)
  • We found a number of SNPs in miRNAs and processing genes in association with breast cancer overall or stratified by estrogen receptor (ER) status. (cdc.gov)
  • As a result, the functionalities of DNA methylation are highly dependent on context and therefore have a completely opposite impact on gene expression, especially if it happens in the promoter of a coding gene or a miRNA. (mbpinc.net)
  • MicroRNAs (miRNA) are small noncoding RNAs, preserved throughout the evolution, able to regulate gene expression through repression of translation or degradation of target molecules of messenger RNA. (bvsalud.org)
  • Thus, the function of miRNA may ultimately depend on the specific microenvironment of a particular cell type, which can provide different repertoire of target genes. (bvsalud.org)
  • This study performs a literature review of miRNA, focusing on aspects related to biogenesis, mechanisms of action and potential role of these small RNAs in oral carcinogenesis. (bvsalud.org)
  • Based on our identified miRNA-regulated network, we discovered three drugsBX-912, daunorubicin, and midostaurinthat can be repositioned to treat lung cancer, which was not known before. (cdc.gov)
  • Based on our identified miRNA-regulated molecular machinery, an inhibitor of PDK1/Akt BX-912, an anthracycline antibiotic daunorubicin, and a multi-targeted protein kinase inhibitor midostaurin were discovered as potential repositioning drugs for treating lung cancer. (cdc.gov)
  • In molecular biology mir-25 microRNA is a short RNA molecule. (wikipedia.org)
  • 8 Howard Hughes Medical Institute and Laboratory for RNA Molecular Biology, The Rockefeller University, New York, New York, USA. (jci.org)
  • Adipose tissue abundance relies partly on the factors that regulate adipogenesis, i.e. proliferation and differentiation of adipocytes. (biomedcentral.com)
  • It has been suggested that adipogenesis is regulated by PPARβ/δ followed by PPARγ and C/EBPα promoting differentiation into mature adipocytes [ 12 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Transcription factors (TFs) are critical for B-cell differentiation, affecting gene expression both by repres- sion and transcriptional activation. (lu.se)
  • In this review, we focus on the impact of ncRNA post-transcriptional regulatory mechanisms, especially those of microRNAs and lncRNAs, in RA signalling pathways during differentiation and disease. (mdpi.com)
  • In addition, Ingenuity Pathway Analysis (IPA) integrated with PCR array data showed that the JAK1/STAT3 pathway was significantly altered in cells overexpressing DEFB1, suggesting this to be one of the pathways by which defensin regulates IAV replication in HBEpCs. (cdc.gov)
  • MicroRNAs function to regulate the expression levels of other genes by several mechanisms. (wikipedia.org)
  • MicroRNAs are short molecules which are distributed throughout our cells. (lu.se)
  • MicroRNA is short RNA molecules which do not code for any proteins. (lu.se)
  • In cancer, they act as tumor suppressor genes and sometimes as oncogenes. (mbpinc.net)
  • This reveals that DNA methylation regulates gene expression on a rich profusion of levels, and regulates cell homeostasis along with cancer progression. (mbpinc.net)
  • Now they have proven that microRNAs, which have already garnered much attention within cancer research, might also play an important role in heart attacks. (lu.se)
  • mir-25 levels increase in human heart failure, and treatment with an anti-sense RNA molecule (antagomiR) was recently reported to halt disease progression and improves cardiac function in a mouse heart failure model. (wikipedia.org)
  • If DNA methylation is present at the gene promoter, this can result in the downregulation of the gene. (mbpinc.net)
  • Significant downregulation of beta-defensin1 gene (DEFB1) expression was observed when human bronchial epithelial cells (HBEpCs) were exposed to IAV. (cdc.gov)
  • Maturation of BAT and WAT follow a similar adipogenic transcriptional program, albeit several genes show cell type-dependent expression. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Here we describe how microRNA-regulated lentiviral vectors can be used to visualize specific cell populations by exploiting endogenous microRNA expression patterns. (lu.se)
  • When a microRNA is present in the cell, it binds to the target sites and downregulates GFP expression, while in cells that do not express the microRNA GFP, it is expressed. (lu.se)
  • However in recent years with the development of epigenesis, genomic imprinting and the horizontal transferences of the genes, Lamarck's ideas have resurfaced. (intechopen.com)
  • Uncoupling Protein 1 (UCP-1) in the inner membrane of brown-fat mitochondria uncouples electron transport from ATP production, allowing energy dissipation, thus helping to regulate body temperature [ 3 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Pansensitive and panresistant genes to 21 NCCN-recommended drugs with concordant mRNA and protein expression were identified. (cdc.gov)
  • In conclusion, the reduction in IAV copy number in DEFB1 overexpressing cells suggests that beta-defensin-1 plays a key role in regulating IAV survival through STAT3 and is a potential target for antiviral drug development. (cdc.gov)
  • So far, around 2000 different kinds of microRNAs have been found in the cells around the human body. (lu.se)
  • Some microRNAs are specific to the heart muscle, while others are only found in the coronary arteries, etc.", explains Olof Gidlöf. (lu.se)
  • MicroRNAs are found in all organisms, with around 2000 different microRNAs identified in humans up to now. (lu.se)
  • In the last decade, diagnostic and prognostic evaluation has been facilitated by global gene expression profiling (GEP), provid- ing a new powerful means for the classification, prediction of survival, and response to treatment of lym- phomas. (lu.se)
  • We have investigated what sort of microRNAs are present in patients with severe heart attacks and compared this with healthy individuals", says Olof Gidlöf, who is the principal author of the study, published in the journal Blood. (lu.se)
  • The identified transcription factors influence both the global and specific gene expression of the BCLs and have possible implications for diagnosis and treat- ment. (lu.se)
  • (12 ). However, the versatility of the system allows the use of any microRNA of choice, including neuron-specific microRNAs ( 14 ). (lu.se)
  • In the heart attack patients, the levels were reduced for eight of these microRNAs. (lu.se)
  • HBEpCs overexpressing DEFB1 caused a significant reduction in IAV, that was confirmed by IAV matrix gene analysis, plaque assay, and confocal microscopy. (cdc.gov)
  • What the researchers were able to observe in their study was that nine different microRNAs were clearly distinguishable between patients who had suffered a heart attack and healthy individuals. (lu.se)
  • We were interested in finding out what happens in the blood clot that forms in the heart in the case of a heart attack, so we studied microRNAs in blood platelets. (lu.se)
  • Our hypothesis was that the blood platelets which were activated in conjunction with the heart attack had emptied their content of microRNAs and that that was the explanation behind the lower values in the heart attack patients", explains Olof Gidlöf. (lu.se)
  • Here too, we were able to observe that the same type of microRNA was released as in the case of a heart attack. (lu.se)
  • Their main function is instead to regulate the activity of genes. (lu.se)
  • Most of the miRs are located within introns of the host genes (protein-coding or non-protein-coding) or within the 3' untranslated region (UTR) of mRNA genes. (medscape.com)
  • The invention relates to methods useful for analyzing the nucleic acids, e.g., genomic DNA or RNA (e.g., non-coding RNA or mRNA), of small populations of cells or single cells. (justia.com)
  • An obstacle to the rapid and reliable analysis of genomic DNA or RNA (e.g., non-coding RNA or mRNA) from small samples or single cells has been that the reproducibility of conventional polymerase chain reaction (PCR) has been inadequate to ensure that all target nucleic acids of interest are amplified sufficiently to be detected. (justia.com)
  • The process is triggered by dsRNA, which cells break into pieces that interfere with the transcription of messenger RNA and the translation of that mRNA into protein. (acs.org)
  • Transcription of miR genes by RNA polymerase II form primary transcripts known as primary miR (pri-miR). (medscape.com)
  • In the current study, 233 MYB transcription factor-encoding genes were identified and analyzed in the potato genome, including 119 R1-MYB, 112 R2R3-MYB, and two R1R2R3-MYB members. (mdpi.com)
  • Methods for analyzing RNA can entail reverse transcription of the desired RNA, followed by preamplification and amplification of selected target nucleic acids. (justia.com)
  • In other embodiments, DNA is produced by reverse transcription or amplification of non-coding RNA. (justia.com)
  • When DNA is produced from RNA, e.g., by reverse transcription, preamplification can then be carried out in the same reaction mixture. (justia.com)
  • microRNAs (miRs) have recently been evolved as key players in the various cardiovascular events through the regulation of cardiac gene expression. (medscape.com)
  • mir-25 levels increase in human heart failure, and treatment with an anti-sense RNA molecule (antagomiR) was recently reported to halt disease progression and improves cardiac function in a mouse heart failure model. (wikipedia.org)
  • MicroRNAs (miRs) are a novel family of highly conserved, short (~18-25 nucleotide), non-coding single-stranded RNA molecules that regulate transcriptional and post-transcriptional gene expression. (medscape.com)
  • MicroRNAs function to regulate the expression levels of other genes by several mechanisms. (wikipedia.org)
  • The approach relies on a biological process called RNA interference (RNAi), which is used by cells to suppress gene expression. (acs.org)
  • [ 5 ] Since their discovery, these small and ubiquitous RNAs have been shown to play critical roles in modulating a wide range of physiological and pathological events. (medscape.com)
  • The present invention provides methods for analysis of genomic DNA and/or RNA from small samples or even single cells. (justia.com)