Gene include dna binding transcription. Medical search. Frequent questions

Menin interacts with many other proteins, including several transcription factors. (medlineplus.gov)
This complex includes nuclear membrane integral and associated proteins including emerin, lamin A/C, SUN1, SUN2, nesprin-1, and nesprin-2 that are proposed to form a mechanical link between the nucleoskeleton and cytoskeleton. (medscape.com)
Emerin is a ubiquitous inner nuclear membraneprotein, presentin nearly all cell types, although its highest expression is in skeletal and cardiacmuscle.Emerin binds to many nuclear proteins, including several gene-regulatory proteins (eg, barrier-to-autointegration factor, germ cell-less, Btf), nesprins (proteins that act as molecular scaffolds), F-actin, and lamins. (medscape.com)
HIF was found to consist of two different DNA-binding proteins, so called transcription factors, now named HIF-1α and ARNT. (sciencedaily.com)
T3 and T4 diffuse into the cell nucleus and bind to thyroid receptor proteins attached to DNA. (nih.gov)
This hormone nuclear receptor complex activates gene transcription and synthesis of messenger RNA and cytoplasmic proteins. (nih.gov)
The metabolic actions of thyroid hormones include augmentation of cellular respiration and thermogenesis, as well as metabolism of proteins, carbohydrates and lipids. (nih.gov)
Distribution - Circulating thyroid hormones are greater than 99% bound to plasma proteins, including thyroxine-binding globulin (TBG), thyroxine-binding prealbumin (TBPA), and albumin (TBA), whose capacities and affinities vary for each hormone. (nih.gov)
Many drugs and physiologic conditions affect the binding of thyroid hormones to serum proteins (see PRECAUTIONS, Drug Interactions and Drug-Laboratory Test Interactions). (nih.gov)
Studies in yeast and animals indicate that ASF1 proteins play important roles in various chromatin-based processes, including gene transcription, DNA replication and repair. (nih.gov)
Here we report that both AtASF1A and AtASF1B proteins bind histone H3, and are localized in the cytoplasm and the nucleus. (nih.gov)
The multifunctional regulator nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor (Nrf2) is considered not only as a cytoprotective factor regulating the expression of genes coding for anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory and detoxifying proteins, but it is also a powerful modulator of species longevity. (springer.com)
The major characteristics of Nrf2 are to some extent mimicked by Nrf2-dependent genes and their proteins including heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), which besides removing toxic heme, produces biliverdin, iron ions and carbon monoxide. (springer.com)
Oxidative stress generated during such stressful conditions may damage DNA and proteins, and as a consequence the cellular processes are disturbed. (springer.com)
Working together with the lab of Heng Zhu in the Department of Pharmacology, we have also generated a protein microarray comprised of nearly 20,000 unique full-length human proteins, which we use to identify biochemical targets of developmentally important genes of interest. (hopkinsmedicine.org)
On the other end they have a region that can bind to proteins. (mit.edu)
Transcription factors help to regulate gene expression-turning genes on or off and dialing up or down their level of activity-often in partnership with the proteins that they bind. (mit.edu)
They anchor themselves and their partner proteins to DNA at binding sites in genetic regulatory sequences, bringing together the components that are needed to make gene expression happen. (mit.edu)
Transcription factors are a well-known family of proteins, but new research from Whitehead Institute Member Richard Young and colleagues shows that the picture we have had of them is incomplete. (mit.edu)
Specific sites within such regions are recognized by regulatory proteins (transcription factors), which act upon binding as transcriptional repressors or activators, controlling the rate of transcription. (biomedcentral.com)
Nuclear hormone receptors are ligand-dependent intracellular proteins that stimulate transcription of specific genes by binding to specific DNA sequences following activation by the appropriate ligand. (thermofisher.com)
Formyl-C has come a little later, and I think the early indications are that it could be a distinct mark in DNA from hydroxymethyl-C and methyl-C, and one that is differentially recognized by naturally occurring proteins," he said. (genomeweb.com)
Levels of proteins, including Cyt C, Bcl-2/BAX, and Nrf2 /HO-1-associated proteins, were determined by western blotting and immunofluorescence. (sdbonline.org)
1) Characterize novel families of oncoproteins (Pbx and Meis) that dimerize with and regulate the DNA binding properties of Hox proteins. (stanford.edu)
Our studies have demonstrated that several of the proteins encoded by cellular oncogenes function in fundamental aspects of gene regulation. (stanford.edu)
These are frequently activated by fusion to other transcriptional proteins resulting in chimeric transcription factors. (stanford.edu)
A major dsRNA by these proteins may result in initiation of heli- component of this system is the innate immune response, case activity, concomitant with a conformational change which includes all the host barriers and responses with that leads to recruiting additional cellular factors, includ- broad specificity against pathogens. (cdc.gov)
Genes for proteins interacting with other hormones may have a greater effect. (cdc.gov)
Genes vary in size, depending on the sizes of the proteins or RNA for which they code. (msdmanuals.com)
To reduce the risk of analyzing cell line- pathway can be divided into distinct stages based on the specific features, we used several representative cell lines for recombination status of the Ig genes and on the expression each of four major stages in B cell development: pro-B, pre-B, pattern of surface markers and the presence of intracellular proteins [1- 6]. (lu.se)
Modulation of Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Transcription Complex Formation by Id Proteins during Neuronal Differentiation. (lu.se)
It is assumed that the Id helix-loop-helix (HLH) proteins act by associating with ubiquitously expressed basic HLH (bHLH) transcription factors, such as E47 and E2-2, which prevents these factors from forming functional hetero- or homodimeric DNA binding complexes. (lu.se)
Several tissue-specific bHLH proteins, including HASH-1, dHAND, and HES-1, are important for development of the nervous system. (lu.se)
However, the Id proteins did complex with HES-1, and increased levels of Id2 reduced the DNA binding activity of HES-1. (lu.se)

Forkhead box protein P1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the FOXP1 gene. (wikipedia.org)
Forkhead box P1 protein contains both DNA-binding- and protein-protein binding-domains. (wikipedia.org)
The MEN1 gene provides instructions for making a protein called menin. (medlineplus.gov)
Many of the mutations in the MEN1 gene that are associated with familial isolated hyperparathyroidism change single protein building blocks (amino acids) in the menin protein. (medlineplus.gov)
Most of the MEN1 gene mutations that cause multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 lead to the production of an abnormally short, inactive version of menin or an unstable protein that is rapidly broken down. (medlineplus.gov)
As a result of these mutations, one copy of the MEN1 gene in each cell makes no functional protein. (medlineplus.gov)
We report here that SRE1, a gene encoding a GATA-type protein, bound to promoter sequences of genes involved in siderophore biosynthesis. (nih.gov)
Metal analysis indicated that a substoichiometric amount of iron, predominately Fe (3+), was bound to the purified protein. (nih.gov)
In 5 of 6 gene mutations that have been shown to cause EDMD, the affected protein is present in the LINC (linker of nucleoskeleton and cytoskeleton) complex. (medscape.com)
EDMD1 is caused by mutations in the EMD gene on the X chromosome that codes for the nuclear envelope protein emerin. (medscape.com)
They bind to structural components (emerin, nesprin), chromatin components (histone), signal transduction molecules (protein kinase C), and several gene regulatory molecules. (medscape.com)
New mutations have been found in the synaptic nuclear envelope protein 1 ( SYNE1 ) gene and in the synaptic nuclear envelope protein 2 ( SYNE2 ) gene in a few families, also termed Nesprin-1 and Nesprin-2, respectively. (medscape.com)
Lastly, mutations in the transmembrane protein 43 (TMEM43), also termed LUMA, which binds to emerin and SUN2, has also been reported to cause an EDMD phenotype in a few families. (medscape.com)
What does this gene/protein do? (cancerindex.org)
Scope includes mutations and abnormal protein expression. (cancerindex.org)
In cultured liver cells he discovered a protein complex that binds to the identified DNA segment in an oxygen-dependent manner. (sciencedaily.com)
The mechanisms by which thyroid hormones exert their physiologic actions are not completely understood, but it is thought that their principal effects are exerted through control of DNA transcription and protein synthesis. (nih.gov)
Protein-bound thyroid hormones exist in reverse equilibrium with small amounts of free hormone. (nih.gov)
Nrf2 consists of six functional Neh domains (Neh1-Neh6), from which, the amino-terminal Neh2 domain controls binding Keap1-the inhibitor protein Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1, that is responsible for the cytosolic sequestration of Nrf2 under physiological conditions (Fig. 2 a). (springer.com)
Download DNA or protein sequence, view genomic context and coordinates. (yeastgenome.org)
In a paper published in Molecular Cell on July 3 , Young and postdocs Ozgur Oksuz and Jonathan Henninger reveal that along with DNA and protein, many transcription factors can also bind RNA. (mit.edu)
The clues have been there all along, but I think earlier work was so focused on the DNA and protein interactions that they didn't consider RNA. (mit.edu)
Young, Oksuz and Henninger got their biggest clue that researchers might be overlooking something from the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), which produces a transcription factor-like protein called Tat. (mit.edu)
the majority of human transcription factors contain an ARM-like region between their DNA and protein binding regions, and these sequences were conserved across animal species. (mit.edu)
The DNA repair protein O 6 -methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase (MGMT) plays an important role in cellular resistance to alkylating agents. (aacrjournals.org)
A cellular DNA-repair protein, namely O 6 -methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase (MGMT) protein, reverses alkylation at the O 6 position of guanine, thereby inhibiting the lethal cross-linking and bringing about resistance to alkylating agents ( 2, 3 ). (aacrjournals.org)
The protein encoded by this gene is a zinc finger transcription factor that binds to GC-rich motifs of many promoters. (genetex.com)
Analyzing 5′-upstream non-protein-encoding regions of the human mitochondrial function-associated genes, we speculate that mitochondrial functions could be recovered or improved at a transcriptional level. (intechopen.com)
"Identifying All of Cancer's Manifestations through Integrated Pan Cancer Analysis" Dr. Josh Stuart presented the recent work of The Pan-Cancer Initiative of The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) Research Network, including the analysis of thousands of human tumors to discover molecular aberrations at the DNA, RNA, protein and epigenetic levels in order to uncover data-driven tumor subtypes. (biomedcentral.com)
Ultimately, this task is accomplished experimentally using techniques such as empirical deletion analysis, direct binding measurements, and co-precipitation of protein-DNA complexes. (biomedcentral.com)
They display considerable versatility in binding modes, even between members of the same class (e.g. some bind DNA, others protein), suggesting that Znf motifs are stable scaffolds that have evolved specialised functions. (embl.de)
We demonstrate here that GSK-3 maintains the MLL leukemia stem cell transcriptional program by promoting the conditional association of CREB and its coactivators TORC and CBP with homedomain protein MEIS1, a critical component of the MLL-subordinate program, which in turn facilitates HOX-mediated transcription and transformation. (stanford.edu)
Inactivation of TCF7L2 protein attained by removing the high-mobility group (HMG)-box DNA binding domain in mature adipocytes in vivo leads to whole-body glucose intolerance and hepatic insulin resistance. (medscape.com)
Genes are segments of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) that contain the code for a specific protein that functions in one or more types of cells in the body or the code for functional ribonucleic acid (RNA) molecules. (msdmanuals.com)
Protein synthesis is controlled by genes, which are contained on chromosomes. (msdmanuals.com)
DNA contains the code, or blueprint, used to synthesize a protein or a ribonucleic acid (RNA) molecule. (msdmanuals.com)
A gene is a segment of DNA that provides the code to construct a protein or RNA molecule. (msdmanuals.com)
One of the few antigens against which mammals develop protective immunity is the highly polymorphic OspC protein, encoded by the ospC gene on the cp26 plasmid. (cdc.gov)
By means of DNA sequencing of a large sample collection of the pathogen from across the United States, we studied the gene for the bacterium's highly diverse OspC protein, protective immunity against which develops in animals. (cdc.gov)

This domain binds to sequences in promoters and enhancers of many genes. (wikipedia.org)
The potential application of our method includes annotation of new genomic sequences and motif discovery. (biomedcentral.com)
Comparatively short sequences (several hundred to several thousand base pairs, depending on thespecies) upstream or downstream of the transcription start site often play a major role in the regulation of gene expression. (biomedcentral.com)
There were two different mismatches in the probe target sites of the HA gene sequences of all isolates ( n = 23) with additional mismatches only at position 7 (template binding site) identified for all eight negative real-time RT-PCR isolates. (who.int)

Regulatory regions of higher eukaryotes can be subdivided into proximal regulatory units - promoters - which are located close to and upstream of the gene, and distal transcription regulatory units called enhancers or cis-regulatory modules. (biomedcentral.com)
When the genes whose promoters bind ApoE4 are considered in functional groups, their relationship to Alzheimer's disease is striking," said co-senior author Dale Bredesen, MD, Buck Institute faculty and a professor at the Easton Laboratories for Neurodegenerative Disease Research at UCLA, "ApoE4 targets genes associated with sirtuins and aging, insulin resistance, inflammation and oxidative damage, accumulation of amyloid plaques and tangled tau among others. (buckinstitute.org)

Transcriptional activity is regulated by DNA binding transcription factors, but these typically act in more than one cell lineage activating different subsets of target genes in each. (edu.au)
Products of myc oncogenes are transcription factors that bind to the DNA sequence, CACGTG, and regulate the expression of multiple target genes. (bdbiosciences.com)
The receptors function as dimeric molecules in nuclei to regulate the transcription of target genes in a ligand-responsive manner. (embl.de)

EDMD2/EDMD3 is due to mutations (autosomal dominant and autosomal recessive, respectively) in the LMNA gene that codes for lamins A and C. Mutations in LMNA occur throughout the gene and can cause several different phenotypes (see Causes ). (medscape.com)
Mutations in this gene cause various glaucoma phenotypes including primary congenital glaucoma, autosomal dominant iridogoniodysgenesis anomaly, and Axenfeld-Rieger anomaly. (cancerindex.org)
In addition to environmental factors, phenotypes can also respond to genetic perturbations in a plastic or homeostatic manner, which characterizes the potential of an organism to express phenotypes when genes mutate. (nature.com)
Phenotype annotations for a gene are curated single mutant phenotypes that require an observable (e.g., "cell shape"), a qualifier (e.g., "abnormal"), a mutant type (e.g., null), strain background, and a reference. (yeastgenome.org)
CRTH2: Chemoattractant receptor-homologous molecule expressed includes nonallergic asthma phenotypes, such as asthma on TH2 cells associated with exposure to air pollution, infection, or obesity, ILC: Innate lymphoid cell that require innate rather than adaptive immunity. (cdc.gov)

Mutations in the MEN1 gene have been found in some cases of familial isolated hyperparathyroidism, a condition characterized by overactivity of the parathyroid glands (primary hyperparathyroidism). (medlineplus.gov)
Familial isolated hyperparathyroidism caused by MEN1 gene mutations may be an early or mild form of multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1. (medlineplus.gov)
More than 1,300 mutations in the MEN1 gene have been found to cause multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1. (medlineplus.gov)
Some gene mutations are acquired during a person's lifetime and are present only in certain cells. (medlineplus.gov)
Mutations in the conserved cysteine residues in the cysteine-rich region led to a decrease in bound iron. (nih.gov)
Mutations occur throughout the gene and almost always result in complete absence of emerin from muscle or mislocalization of emerin. (medscape.com)
Mutations in all of these genes have been shown to result in defects in the nucleoskeleton and related structures that could cause the above pathologic abnormalities. (medscape.com)
Several pax genes have also been associated with developmental mutations including: pax-3, which is associated with Waardenburg syndrome, pax-6, which is associated with Aniridia, and pax-2, which is associated with Wilms tumor. (thermofisher.com)
Repeat expansion mutations in the C9ORF72 gene are the most common genetic cause of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and frontotemporal dementia (FTD). (frontiersin.org)
No good data exist concerning the frequency of EMD1 or EMD2, but more than 70 different mutations have been reported in the EMD gene and more than 100 in LMNA. (medscape.com)
For example, approximately 95% of rifampin-resistant M. tuberculosis strains carry mutations within the rifampin-resistance determining region (RRDR), an 81-bp region encoding codons 507 through 533 of the rpoB gene. (cdc.gov)
Kits for detecting mutations associated with rifampin resistance that are commercially available in Europe and elsewhere include line-probe assays (INNO-LiPA® Rif.TB, Innogenetics and GenoType® MTBDR( plus ), Hain LifeScience GmbH) and microarray assays (CombiChip Mycobacteria DR, GENE IN). (cdc.gov)
Mutations are detected by lack of binding to wild-type probes and/or by binding to probes specific for commonly occurring mutations. (cdc.gov)
Because molecular beacons can use different fluorophores, real-time PCR assays can be designed in which different DNA fragments or mutations can be amplified and detected simultaneously in the same tube. (cdc.gov)

The first suggests that disruption of the inner nuclear membrane and the nuclear lamina causes disorganization of nuclear chromatin and gene expression, while the second proposes that the mechanical strength of the cell nucleus is disrupted when the nuclear lamina is weakened leading to structural and signaling defects in mechanically stressed tissue such as muscle and heart. (medscape.com)
Background: The 3-dimensional (3D) conformation of chromatin inside the nucleus is integral to a variety of nuclear processes including transcriptional regulation, DNA replication, and DNA damage repair. (mendeley.com)
Publishing on January 20th in The Journal of Neuroscience, researchers cast the lipid-binding ApoE4 in an entirely new light, showing that it is a transcription factor that enters the nucleus and binds DNA with high affinity, including the promoter regions of 1700 different genes. (buckinstitute.org)
Genes are contained in chromosomes, which are in the cell nucleus. (msdmanuals.com)
DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) is the cell's genetic material, contained in chromosomes within the cell nucleus and mitochondria. (msdmanuals.com)

TCF7L2 was discovered as a type 2 diabetes susceptibility gene after a strong linkage signal was mapped to chromosome 10q in a Mexican-American population. (medscape.com)
A chromosome contains hundreds to thousands of genes. (msdmanuals.com)
A chromosome contains many genes. (msdmanuals.com)
Lateral gene transfers resulted in different linkages between the ospC gene and loci of the chromosome or other plasmids. (cdc.gov)

Using whole-genome quantitative gene expression as a model, here we study how the genetic architecture of regulatory variation in gene expression changed in a population of fully sequenced inbred Drosophila melanogaster strains when flies developed in different environments (25 °C and 18 °C). We find a substantial fraction of the transcriptome exhibited genotype by environment interaction, implicating environmentally plastic genetic architecture of gene expression. (nature.com)
While two genes encoding ASF1 homologues, AtASF1A and AtASF1B, are found in the Arabidopsis genome, their function has not been studied. (nih.gov)
Taken together, our study establishes crucial roles for the AtASF1A and AtASF1B genes in chromatin replication, maintenance of genome integrity and cell proliferation during plant development. (nih.gov)
We identify thousands of regions across the genome where 3D chromatin conformation varies between individuals and find that this variation is often accompanied by variation in gene expression, histone modifications, and transcription factor binding. (mendeley.com)
Tat increases the transcription of HIV's RNA genome by binding to the virus' RNA and then recruiting cellular machinery to it. (mit.edu)
Therefore, to address the growing volumes of available genomic sequence, a number of algorithms that identify putative cis-regulatory modules and transcription factor binding sites using evolutionary comparisons, whole-genome data, and known descriptions of transcription factor binding sites, have been successfully developed. (biomedcentral.com)
In a contribution to the total rethinking of the nature of gene and genome, the old Mendelian version is supplanted by malleable information processing systems capable of nonrandom change guided by dynamic cellular networks. (naturalgenesis.net)
Mobile DNA is an online, peer-reviewed, open access journal that publishes articles providing novel insights into DNA rearrangements, ranging from transposition and other types of recombination mechanisms to patterns and processes of mobile element and host genome evolution. (naturalgenesis.net)
Genome sequencing has documented the importance of mobile DNA activities and major genome restructuring events at key junctures in evolution: exon shuffling, changes in cis-regulatory sites, horizontal transfer, cell fusions and whole genome doublings. (naturalgenesis.net)
The natural genetic engineering functions that mediate genome restructuring are activated by multiple stimuli, in particular by events similar to those found in the DNA record: microbial infection and interspecific hybridization leading to the formation of allotetraploids. (naturalgenesis.net)
Representational properties of the genome are founded in the transmission of DNA over phylogenetic time and its role in natural selection. (naturalgenesis.net)
Along with 5-carboxyl-cytosine (5caC) both modifications are present at low levels in the genome and are widely considered to be intermediates en route from methylated to unmethylated cytosine. (genomeweb.com)
supports the concept that metabolic reprogramming, inflammation, and genome instability (including epige- netic changes) underlie many of the other hal marks and foster multiple hallmark functions. (who.int)
The genotype (or genome) is a person's unique combination of genes or genetic makeup. (msdmanuals.com)

It is a member of the large FOX family of transcription factors. (wikipedia.org)
This gene belongs to the forkhead family of transcription factors which is characterized by a distinct DNA-binding forkhead domain. (cancerindex.org)
The pax genes are a family of transcription factors that are active in specific tissues during early embryonic development. (thermofisher.com)
Nrf2 is a master eukaryotic redox-active factor and belongs to Cap 'n' Collar (Cnc)-bZIP (basic leucine zipper) family of transcription factors. (springer.com)

Because paired domain containing genes encode transcription factors, they are capable of executing a genetic program. (thermofisher.com)
Genetic variance in expression increases at 18 °C relative to 25 °C for most genes that have a change in genetic variance. (nature.com)
Finally, although genotype by environment interaction in gene expression could potentially disrupt genetic networks, the co-expression networks are highly conserved across environments. (nature.com)
Synthetic biology goes further than genetic engineering, which usually involves adding a single gene to a cell so that it will do something it wouldn't normally do. (technologyreview.com)
Interaction annotations are curated by BioGRID and include physical or genetic interactions observed between at least two genes. (yeastgenome.org)
These molecular genetic discoveries, plus a consideration of how mobile DNA rearrangements increase the efficiency of generating functional genomic novelties, make it possible to formulate a 21st century view of interactive evolutionary processes. (naturalgenesis.net)

Enables DNA-binding transcription activator activity, RNA polymerase II-specific and sequence-specific DNA binding activity. (nih.gov)

Predicted to enable RNA polymerase II-specific DNA-binding transcription factor binding activity. (jax.org)

Differential promoter methylation and histone modification contribute to the brain specific expression of the mouse Mbu-1 gene. (nih.gov)
Thus, we are particularly interested in the function of chromatin modifiers, including the MYST family of histone acetyltransferases. (edu.au)
Is predicted to enable chromatin binding activity and histone demethylase activity. (zfin.org)

These modifications influence many cellular processes including transcription, RNA processing, signal transduction cascades, DNA damage response, and liquid-liquid phase separation ( Guccione and Richard, 2019 ). (frontiersin.org)

Though overrepresentation of TFBS motifs in regulatory DNA has been intensively exploited by many algorithms, it is still a difficult problem to distinguish regulatory from other genomic DNA. (biomedcentral.com)
Zinc-binding motifs are stable structures, and they rarely undergo conformational changes upon binding their target. (embl.de)
Hox enhancer analysis in cell culture reduces mouse usage, requires low cost and skill, permits rapid assessment of putative enhancer binding motifs, and provides abundant material for DNA /transcription factor binding studies. (cam.ac.uk)

This gene belongs to subfamily P of the forkhead box (FOX) transcription factor family. (wikipedia.org)
It was shown that the embryonic stem cell (ESC)-specific isoform of FOXP1 stimulates the expression of transcription factor genes required for pluripotency, including OCT4, NANOG, NR5A2, and GDF3, while concomitantly repressing genes required for ESC differentiation. (wikipedia.org)
Enables DNA-binding transcription factor activity. (wormbase.org)
encoded by Nfe2l2 gene) is a transcription factor responsible for the regulation of cellular redox balance and protective antioxidant and phase II detoxification responses in mammals [ 1 , 2 ]. (springer.com)
To identify a nuclear marker pathognomonic of astrocytic phenotype, we assessed differential RNA expression by FACS-purified adult astrocytes and, on that basis, evaluated the expression of the transcription factor SOX9 in both mouse and human brain. (jneurosci.org)
Our work uses functional genomics DNase-seq, ChIP-seq, RNA-seq, and chromatin state data to computationally identify combinations of transcription factor binding sites that operate to define the activity of cell-type specific enhancers. (hopkinsmedicine.org)
Recognition of regulatory DNA regions based on description of known transcription factor binding sites (TFBS). (biomedcentral.com)
The fact that a lipoprotein in the blood is also a transcription factor that directly controls gene expression makes it an important factor across the lifespan. (buckinstitute.org)
It also regulates the stability and activity of transcription factors including p53 and nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) ( 5 , 6 ). (frontiersin.org)
Moreover, NPM is crucial for inflammatory gene expression induced by tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) and lipopolysaccharides (LPS) in fibroblasts and macrophages ( 6 ). (frontiersin.org)
Transcription factor 7-like 2 ( TCF7L2 ) variants have been associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in multiple ethnic groups. (medscape.com)

GO Annotations consist of four mandatory components: a gene product, a term from one of the three Gene Ontology (GO) controlled vocabularies ( Molecular Function , Biological Process , and Cellular Component ), a reference, and an evidence code. (yeastgenome.org)
Click "Gene Ontology Details" to view all GO information and evidence for this locus as well as biological processes it shares with other genes. (yeastgenome.org)

d in genomic DNA sequence. (hopkinsmedicine.org)

This paper addresses the problem of recognising DNA cis-regulatory modules which are located far from genes. (biomedcentral.com)
We present a novel statistical method, the "fluffy-tail test", to recognise regulatory DNA. (biomedcentral.com)
We show that, in the data used, our method is able to distinguish cis-regulatory modules by exploiting statistical differences between the probability distributions of similar words in regulatory and other DNA. (biomedcentral.com)

Furthermore, the Atasf1ab-triggered replication fork stalling constitutively activates the DNA damage checkpoint and repair genes, including ATM, ATR, PARP1 and PARP2 as well as several genes of the homologous recombination (HR) pathway but not genes of the non-homologous end joining (NHEJ) pathway. (nih.gov)
Sequencing of a 2.5-kb chromosomal Sma I- Pst I fragment containing the structural gene revealed an open reading frame encoding 537 amino acids, homologous to known pckA genes. (asm.org)

VDREs also contain the receptors for 1,25(OH)2D and regulate the expression of certain genes. (holtorfmed.com)

Polymorphisms in the estrogen metabolism genes CYP17, CYP1B1, CYP1A2, COMT and ER alpha and susceptibility to primary intracranial brain gliomas in women. (cdc.gov)
We evaluated the associations of polymorphisms in genes important in estrogen metabolism with the risk of glioma in women. (cdc.gov)
However, polymorphisms in estrogen metabolism genes do not appear to have a strong association with glioma risk in women. (cdc.gov)
Future analyses will include polymorphisms in additional genes encoding enzymes important in carcinogen metabolism, DNA repair, cell cycle control, and immune function, and additional occupational exposures. (cdc.gov)

Involved in positive regulation of apoptotic process and positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II. (nih.gov)

The DNA-binding domains of nuclear receptors consist of two zinc-nucleated modules and a C-terminal extension, where residues in the first zinc module determine the specificity of the DNA recognition and residues in the second zinc module are involved in dimerisation. (embl.de)
Genes consist of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA). (msdmanuals.com)

Despite the importance of 3D chromatin conformation to cellular function and human health, little is known about how 3D chromatin conformation varies in the human population, or whether DNA sequence variation between individuals influences 3D chromatin conformation. (mendeley.com)
We have profiled gene expression in both these tissues, from the start to the end of neurogenesis, characterizing the cellular expression patterns of more than 1,800 differentially expressed transcripts in both tissues. (hopkinsmedicine.org)
As a response not only represents the first barrier against infec- result, different cellular kinases, including the IRF3 kinas- tion but also provides the appropriate signals required for es TBK1 and IKK, become activated. (cdc.gov)

instead, it binds RNA from a region called an arginine-rich motif (ARM) that is unstructured but has a high affinity for RNA. (mit.edu)

Nrf2 stabilization and increase in its half-life even to 200 min [ 9 ] allows nuclear translocation and activation of transcription of cytoprotective genes (Fig. 1 ). (springer.com)
Steroid or nuclear hormone receptors constitute an important superfamily of transcription regulators that are involved in widely diverse physiological functions, including control of embryonic development, cell differentiation and homeostasis. (embl.de)
Transcription factors 3: nuclear receptors. (embl.de)

If the second copy of the MEN1 gene is also altered, the cell has no working copies of the gene and does not produce any functional menin. (medlineplus.gov)
In 2009, Yehuda and Bierer posited that epigenetic modifications, such as DNA methylation, may occur in response to environmental influences such as trauma exposure, thus altering the functional expression of genes. (cdc.gov)

The type I interferon (IFN/) bind to the IFN promoter, and stimulate transcription. (cdc.gov)
ABSTRACT Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the Interleukin (IL)-28B gene, namely rs12979860, could predict response to pegylated interferon--ribavirin (PR) therapy in hepatitis C virus genotype 1 (HCV-1)-infected patients. (who.int)

This format provides pure antibody that is suitable for a number of downstream applications including: secondary labeling for flow cytometry or microscopy, ELISA, Western blot, etc. (bdbiosciences.com)
These may be located far upstream or downstream of the target gene, and are much more difficult to recognise. (biomedcentral.com)
Output from the circadian clock is transduced through regulating transcription of downstream genes directly by the oscillator components. (go.jp)

A few of these defects include myocyte maturation and proliferation defects that cause a thin ventricular myocardial compact zone, non-separation of the pulmonary artery and aorta, and cardiomyocyte proliferation increase and defective differentiation. (wikipedia.org)
Therefore, gene activity is an important mechanism in embryonic development and adult stem cell differentiation. (edu.au)
Subsequent differentiation allows for rear- analysis of a set of mouse B lineage cell lines rep- rangements of the Ig light-chain (IgL) genes that replace the resenting defined stages of B cell development us- surrogate light-chain genes on the surface of the B cell [8]. (lu.se)
the gene expression profile during B lymphoid differentiation. (lu.se)

After cloning the antibody genes into an expression vector, this is then transfected into an appropriate host cell line for antibody expression. (cellsignal.com)
This Antibody was verified by Relative expression to ensure that the antibody binds to the antigen stated. (thermofisher.com)

Together, the methods enhance researchers' toolkit for studying epigenetic modifications, which also include cytosine methylation and hydroxymethylation, allowing them to elucidate their potential biological role in mammalian cells. (genomeweb.com)
The sample included 842 respondents in MESA with DNA methylation data collected between 2010-2012 who answered questions on early life adversities in a 2018-2019 phone follow-up. (cdc.gov)

they are also essential for DNA replication and mRNA transcription. (medscape.com)

The loss of iron led to a approximately 2.5-fold decrease in DNA-binding affinity, indicating that iron was directly involved in SRE1 regulation of iron-uptake genes. (nih.gov)

Foxp1 regulates a variety of important aspects of development including tissue development of: the lungs, brain, thymus and heart. (wikipedia.org)
The 2019 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine is being awarded jointly to William G. Kaelin Jr., Sir Peter J. Ratcliffe and Gregg L. Semenza for identifying molecular machinery that regulates the activity of genes in response to varying levels of oxygen. (sciencedaily.com)
They identified molecular machinery that regulates the activity of genes in response to varying levels of oxygen. (sciencedaily.com)

The intracellular roles of NPM include a wide range of metabolic processes such as ribosome biogenesis, proliferation, cell cycle control, migration, DNA repair, non-programmed cell death, stress sensor ( 3 , 4 ). (frontiersin.org)

and cytokine binding activity. (nih.gov)
About 0.5-1 equiv of Fe (3+) per monomer was necessary for full DNA-binding activity. (nih.gov)
Predicted to enable phosphatidylinositol-3-phosphate binding activity. (wormbase.org)
Predicted to enable ATP binding activity and MAP kinase activity. (wormbase.org)
In particular, NPM is directly associated with the DNA-binding domain of NF-kB p65 subunit, enhancing its DNA-binding activity. (frontiersin.org)
A SNP-induced amino acid change in COMT (V158M) influences enzyme activity of the gene product, which deactivates potentially genotoxic catechol estrogens. (cdc.gov)

This entry represents the two C4-type zinc finger modules involved in DNA-binding. (embl.de)

Most cells have intracellular sensors of viral za virus and appear partially responsible for the ability of products that, when activated, initiate a signaling cascade influenza viruses to infect multiple animal species, which likely contributes to the generation of new pandemic virus- that results in transcriptional induction of the IFN gene. (cdc.gov)

Interestingly, NPM interacts with Toll-like receptor (TLR)4 in these cells and activates an NF-kB-dependent inflammatory pathway upregulating interleukin IL-6 and COX-2 gene expression. (frontiersin.org)

Whether and how a gene is expressed is determined by a complex interaction of multiple factors including genotype, gene expression, environmental factors (including illnesses and diet), and other factors, some of which are unknown. (msdmanuals.com)

This approach also estimates the ligand-receptor binding free energy by evaluating critical phenomena involved in the intermolecular recognition process. (mdpi.com)
The crystal structure of the estrogen receptor DNA-binding domain bound to DNA: how receptors discriminate between their response elements. (embl.de)
Vitamin D is an essential part of this process as the TLR binding increases the production of the enzyme, 1-α-hydroxylase, and the vitamin D receptor (VDR). (holtorfmed.com)
Once IFN/ has been synthesized, it is secreted and binds to the IFN/ receptor. (cdc.gov)

For example, it may play a role in copying and repairing DNA and regulating the controlled self-destruction of cells (apoptosis). (medlineplus.gov)

These response elements position the receptors, and the complexes recruited by them, close to the genes of which transcription is affected. (embl.de)

Humans have about 20,000 to 23,000 genes. (msdmanuals.com)

Transcription factors bind to specific areas of DNA and help control whether particular genes are turned on or off. (medlineplus.gov)

Broadly used in modern drug design, molecular docking methods explore the ligand conformations adopted within the binding sites of macromolecular targets. (mdpi.com)
This rethinking of how transcription factors work may lead to a better understanding of gene regulation, and may provide new targets for RNA-based therapeutics. (mit.edu)

Intragenic recombination among ospC genes is known, but the extent to which recombination extended beyond the ospC locus itself is undefined. (cdc.gov)

Forkhead box transcription factors play important roles in the regulation of tissue- and cell type-specific gene transcription during both development and adulthood. (wikipedia.org)
Some of these genes likely play a role in cell growth and division. (medlineplus.gov)
The diverse cell types are genetically identical, but differ in their form and function due to differences in gene expression. (edu.au)
Schuldiner O, Eden A, Ben-Yosef T, Yanuka O, Simchen G, Benvenisty N. ECA39, a conserved gene regulated by c-Myc in mice, is involved in G1/S cell cycle regulation in yeast. (bdbiosciences.com)
The most frequent site of alkylation in DNA is the O 6 position of guanine, which forms cross-links between adjacent strands of DNA, leading to cell death. (aacrjournals.org)
Using a binary-coding system to identify unique concordant expression patterns among genes, the model resulted in a digital rendering of single-cell gene expression which enables non-invasive prognosis of prostate cancer patients. (biomedcentral.com)
The study was done using a combination of neural cell lines, skin fibroblasts from Alzheimer's patients, and ApoE targeted mouse brains, and utilized chromatin immunoprecipitation and high-throughput DNA sequencing (ChIP-seq). (buckinstitute.org)
[ 16 ] Potential mechanisms through which TCF7L2 variants influence T2DM include its role in adipogenesis, myogenesis, and pancreatic islet development, as well as in beta-cell survival and insulin secretory granule function. (medscape.com)
immature cell is then subjected to negative selection to delete grouped based on their previously defined pheno- self-reactive cells before it leaves the BM to enter peripheral typic features, and a gene expression pattern for lymphoid organs, where it becomes a mature B cell [9]. (lu.se)

By using gene-modified mice, specific DNA segments located next to the EPO gene were shown to mediate the response to hypoxia. (sciencedaily.com)
Although the majority of expression quantitative trait loci (eQTLs) for the gene expression traits in the two environments are shared and have similar effects, analysis of the environment-specific eQTLs reveals enrichment of binding sites for two transcription factors. (nature.com)
A few papers, including one from Young's lab, had previously identified individual transcription factors as being able to bind RNA, but researchers thought that this was a quirk of the specific transcription factors. (mit.edu)
It has also been shown that PPARs can induce transcription of acyl coenzyme A oxidase and cytochrome P450 A6 (CYP450 A6) through interaction with specific response elements. (thermofisher.com)

Performance of phylogenetic foot-printing depends on the evolutionary distance between given species and on the conservation level of individual genes. (biomedcentral.com)
The primer and probe sets in the HA gene were checked for mismatches, and phylogenetic analyses were performed to determine the molecular epidemiology of these viruses. (who.int)

The transcription rate of genes is dictated primarily by interactions between DNA-binding transcription factors. (biomedcentral.com)
The interactions among them include a repressilator structure. (go.jp)

Anatomy13

Organisms9

Chemicals and Drugs124

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment28

Phenomena and Processes84

Information Science3

Proteins34

Protein39

Sequences4

Promoters2

Target genes3

Phenotypes5

Mutations14

Nucleus5

Chromosome4

Genome14

Family of transcription factors4

Genetic6

Sequence-specific1

Polymerase II-specific1

Histone3

Signal transduction1

Motifs3

Factor11

Ontology2

Genomic1

Regulatory3

Homologous2

Regulate the expression1

Metabolism4

Regulation of transcription1

Consist2

Cellular3

High affinity1

Nuclear3

Functional2

Interferon2

Downstream3

Differentiation4

Antibody2

Methylation2

MRNA1

Affinity1

Regulates3

Processes1

Activity6

Zinc finger1

Intracellular1

Activates1

Genotype1

Receptor4

Apoptosis1

Complexes1

Humans1

Factors bind1

Targets2

Recombination1

Cell9

Specific4

Phylogenetic2

Interactions2