• Affected individuals have a mutation in both copies of the ABCB4 gene. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Women with an ABCB4 gene mutation are at risk of developing a condition called intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy. (medlineplus.gov)
  • A single mutation in the ABCB4 gene leads to a mild reduction of the ABCB4 protein. (medlineplus.gov)
  • In order to circumvent these limitations, we developed a dual-step next-generation sequencing (NGS)-based clinical assay that utilizes full-length gene amplification by long-range PCR followed by shotgun sequencing for mutation analysis . (bvsalud.org)
  • Viruses that contained the site 65 mutation possessed approximately 5-10 fold resistance against ddC when compared with wild-type HXB2-D. The site 50 mutation conferred approximately 30-fold resistance to d4T in these same assays. (neb.com)
  • According to the findings, it seems that mutation in MDR1 gene could be responsible for drug resistance to pentavalent antimonial compounds. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Given the importance of MDR1 gene mutations in the drug resistance of leishmania and the lack of similar study, in the present experiment, we evaluated the capacity of HRM assay for detection of MDR1 gene mutation in genomic DNA of tissue specimens of patients with skin leishmaniasis. (biomedcentral.com)
  • At some point during human evolution, the SIGLEC12 gene - and more specifically, the Siglec-12 protein it produces as part of the immune system - suffered a mutation that eliminated its ability to distinguish between 'self' and invading microbes, so the body needed to get rid of it," said senior author Ajit Varki, MD, Distinguished Professor at UC San Diego School of Medicine and Moores Cancer Center. (scitechdaily.com)
  • 1 NGS technology allows a deeper discrimination of the emergence and persistence of a drug-resistance mutation. (aruplab.com)
  • Plasma or cerebrospinal fluid samples of these patients were then sequenced after treatment using a 139-lung-cancer-gene capture-based targeted panel (Geneseeq), aiming to comprehensively profile their concurrent mutation statuses and explore the potential resistance mechanisms in G724S-positive patients. (frontiersin.org)
  • Evidence for wastewaters as environments where mobile antibiotic resistance genes emerge. (janusinfo.se)
  • In this study, we developed a single genome sequencing assay of the full-length HIV-1 pol gene and used it to investigate the development and linkage of drug resistance mutations in sequential samples from two patients failing INSTI-containing salvage therapy. (ucl.ac.uk)
  • Taken together, the data suggests that larger regions of patient-derived HIV-1 genome should be examined in order to get a good understanding of HIV-1 drug susceptibility. (ucl.ac.uk)
  • In terms of the distribution of identified genes in a specific category relative to the whole genome, only the categories of PE/PPE and conserved hypotheticals have statistical significance. (hindawi.com)
  • Here, we used genome sequencing of isolates sampled consecutively from patients that were clinically treated with fluconazole to systematically analyze the genetic dynamics that accompany the appearance of drug resistance during oral candidiasis [infection]. (sciencedaily.com)
  • Genome-wide studies in Saccharomyces cerevisiae , for example, have revealed that promoters of most actively transcribed genes are depleted of nucleosomes and that histone density is inversely proportional to the transcription rate within coding regions, suggesting that nucleosomes are dynamically disassembled and reassembled at each passage of the polymerase ( 16 ). (asm.org)
  • A genome-wide gene-environment interaction study of breast cancer risk for women of European ancestry. (medscape.com)
  • For far too long, researchers have lacked the essential tools to connect the dots between pathogenic genes and phenotypes. (genengnews.com)
  • Phenotype annotations for a gene are curated single mutant phenotypes that require an observable (e.g., "cell shape"), a qualifier (e.g., "abnormal"), a mutant type (e.g., null), strain background, and a reference. (yeastgenome.org)
  • CDC supports innovative research to slow antimicrobial resistance through various funding mechanisms . (cdc.gov)
  • Since uncovering the molecular mechanisms involved in drug resistance will help to treat patients, efforts to identify these mechanisms are ongoing. (biomedcentral.com)
  • We hope to offer a new insight into the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying fibrosis and therefore help leading to the development of new drugs, which specifically delay or even improve the symptoms of fibrosis. (frontiersin.org)
  • The bottom line is that to combat malaria effectively, we are going to have to keep launching multiple classes of new drugs with different mechanisms of action if we want to prevent resistance,' said Bogyo, assistant professor of pathology, who has been applying his expertise in enzyme chemistry to malaria for the last eight years. (stanford.edu)
  • His current research work involve systems biology of Huntington's disease, chromosome instability, non-coding RNAs in cancers, and cancer drug resistance mechanisms. (kgi.edu)
  • Among the main mechanisms of this multidrug resistance is the overexpression of ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters that mediate drug efflux, and, specifically, ABCB1, ABCG2 and ABCC1 are known to cause cancer chemoresistance. (nature.com)
  • Multidrug resistance in cancer: understanding molecular mechanisms, immunoprevention and therapeutic approaches. (nature.com)
  • Our focus is translational research that advances the understanding of cancer treatment resistance mechanisms through the development of novel targeted therapies in order to improve patient survival. (massgeneral.org)
  • Findings from the Cusack Laboratory have shown that conventional anti-cancer therapies, such as radiation and chemotherapy, induce resistance mechanisms under the control of the gene transcription factor NF-kappaB. (massgeneral.org)
  • Studies of genes transcribed by RNA polymerase II (Pol II) have shown that open and closed chromatin structures are dynamically regulated through multiple mechanisms, including histone modifications, histone variant incorporation, and DNA methylation (reviewed in reference 17 ). (asm.org)
  • Possible mechanisms for gram for breast cancer in southern Sweden issued 1991, pre- recurrence after treatment are low initial drug sensitivity or menopausal lymph node positive (N+) breast cancer patients an acquired drug resistance. (lu.se)
  • Radiotherapy was delivered to ipsilateral axil- cancer patients in the future, it is essential to increase our lary and supraclavicular lymph nodes and the remaining knowledge in mechanisms responsible for drug resistance, breast parenchyma after breast conservation surgery or tho- and to define reliable indicators for response to therapy. (lu.se)
  • Antimicrobial resistance occurs through different mechanisms, which include spontaneous (natural) genetic mutations and horizontal transfer of resistant genes through deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA). (who.int)
  • Herein, we demonstrated that rpS3 and Lyn interact with each other, and the phosphorylation of rpS3 by Lyn, causing ribosome heterogeneity, upregulates the translation of p-glycoprotein, which is a gene product of multidrug resistance gene 1. (bmbreports.org)
  • Furthermore, by adding various kinase inhibitors, we confirmed that the phosphorylation status of rpS3 was regulated by both Lyn and doxorubicin, and the phosphorylation of rpS3 by Lyn increased drug resistance in cells by upregulating p-glycoprotein translation. (bmbreports.org)
  • Juliano, R. L. & Ling, V. A surface glycoprotein modulating drug permeability in Chinese hamster ovary cell mutants. (nature.com)
  • African trypanosomes have the unique property of using Pol I to also transcribe the variant surface glycoprotein VSG genes. (asm.org)
  • [ 8 ] There is usually an increase in multidrug resistance glycoprotein (MDR-1) on the cell surface. (medscape.com)
  • Although pyrazinamide is commonly used for tuberculosis treatment, drug-susceptibility testing is not routinely available. (blogspot.com)
  • Assessment of pyrazinamide susceptibility may be prudent before using it in regimens for drug-resistant tuberculosis. (blogspot.com)
  • Due to the antagonistic interactions between the salicylic acid (SA) and JA defense pathways, efforts to increase resistance to biotrophs result in enhanced susceptibility to necrotrophs, and vice versa. (nih.gov)
  • The overexpression of AKR genes as components of the 'smoking gene' battery raises the issue as to whether this is part of a smoking stress response or acquired susceptibility to lung cancer. (nih.gov)
  • Susceptibility Testing Susceptibility tests determine a microbe's vulnerability to antimicrobial drugs by exposing a standardized concentration of organism to specific concentrations of antimicrobial drugs. (msdmanuals.com)
  • To identify MDR-TB cases, drug susceptibility testing (DST) was performed for the four major first-line TB drugs. (who.int)
  • microRNAs (miRNAs) are short (20-24 nt) non-coding RNAs that are involved in post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression in multicellular organisms by affecting both the stability and translation of mRNAs. (nih.gov)
  • Moreover, we interestingly found overlaps of pathways between renal fibrosis and skin fibrosis, such as GO:1901890-positive regulation of cell junction assembly, as well as common regulatory genes, such as CTGF, which is the key molecule regulating fibrogenesis. (frontiersin.org)
  • From 1999 to 2001, while on extended leave of absence from the University of Rochester, Dr. Ray directed research programs on regulation of gene expression and gene targeting at a plant biotechnology start-up company in San Diego. (kgi.edu)
  • Epigenetic Regulation of microRNA Genes and Their Role in Human Melanomas. (kgi.edu)
  • Aldo-Keto Reductase Regulation by the Nrf2 System: Implications for Stress Response, Chemotherapy Drug Resistance, and Carcinogenesis. (nih.gov)
  • A functional drug screen in co-cultures identified effector pathways involved in the CAF-induced regulation of ER-α signaling. (lu.se)
  • To explore the common genes and pathogenic pathways among different fibrotic diseases, we collected all the reported genes of the eight fibrotic diseases: eye fibrosis, heart fibrosis, hepatic fibrosis, intestinal fibrosis, lung fibrosis, pancreas fibrosis, renal fibrosis, and skin fibrosis. (frontiersin.org)
  • State‑of‑the‑art research has indicated the retention of RUNX2 expression in a more invasive subtype of breast cancer, and in particular, triple‑negative breast cancer development and drug resistance are associated with estrogen receptor signaling pathways. (spandidos-publications.com)
  • With our recent discovery of the molecule HB-EGF in resistance pathways, we worked with collaborators in Japan to bring a new drug to the clinic that targets this specific pathway. (massgeneral.org)
  • The most commonly encountered mutations occur in the genes encoding for the drug targets UL54 ( DNA polymerase ), UL56 (terminase complex), and UL97 ( phosphotransferase ), conferring resistance to ganciclovir / cidofovir / foscarnet , letermovir, and ganciclovir /maribavir, respectively. (bvsalud.org)
  • Six among the 42 genes identified in this study are on the list of the top 100 persistence targets selected by the TB Structural Genomics Consortium. (hindawi.com)
  • Thousands of genes at a time can be screened as potential antibiotic targets this way, helping scientists learn how antibiotics work and how to improve them. (genengnews.com)
  • Malaria, a confoundingly clever global killer, can evade treatment by developing resistance to drugs, but now a team of researchers at the School of Medicine has identified two new therapeutic targets. (stanford.edu)
  • Our investigations are ongoing in biomarkers of resistance and potential new targets for therapeutic intervention in colorectal cancer, melanoma and Merkel cell carcinoma. (massgeneral.org)
  • The number of putative Regulators (genes that regulate it) and Targets (genes it regulates) for the given locus, based on experimental evidence. (yeastgenome.org)
  • In addition, it has been made clear that overexpression of this gene has been associated with an increased resistance of leishmania to miltefosine [ 15 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • This study designed to evaluate the mutations in the multi-drug resistance 1 (MDR1) gene, in biopsy specimens of Leishmania tropica , with high resolution melting (HRM) method. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Clinical next-generation sequencing assay combining full-length gene amplification and shotgun sequencing for the detection of CMV drug resistance mutations. (bvsalud.org)
  • While antiviral drugs offer promising efficacy, clinical management is complicated by the high frequency of drug resistance -associated mutations . (bvsalud.org)
  • The researchers also looked at Phase I clinical data on giredestrant, finding that the drug decreased the activity of ER-alpha and led to tumor shrinkage in a patient with metastatic, estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer. (genomeweb.com)
  • This study investigated whether the gene deletion of argininosuccinate synthetase (ASS) was the reason for the drug resistance to CML and analysed their relationship as well as the clinical effect of imatinib in treating CML. (farmaciajournal.com)
  • Our study was aimed to investigate whether mutations in the ATM gene occur in childhood T-lineage acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (T-ALL) that are linked to drug resistance and clinical outcome. (prinsesmaximacentrum.nl)
  • They report their findings in the paper "The evolution of drug resistance in clinical isolates of Candida albicans ," published by the open-access journal eLife . (sciencedaily.com)
  • The present review mainly focused on the latest updates on RUNX2 in BCSCs and their roles in breast cancer progression and drug resistance, providing insight that may aid the development of RUNX2‑based diagnostics and treatments for breast cancer in clinical practice. (spandidos-publications.com)
  • Taken together, these studies indicated the involvement of RUNX2 in BCSCs and its roles in breast cancer diagnosis and drug resistance, revealing its promising prospective clinical application and utility as an antitumor drug target in the future. (spandidos-publications.com)
  • Dr. Cusack wrote the first clinical trial of combination chemotherapy with the drug bortezomib for solid organ malignancies, reported in the journal Cancer . (massgeneral.org)
  • Drug resistance val (CI) = 1.4-62) did not outperform corresponding classifiers based on clinical variables. (lu.se)
  • Our data have provided evidence for a comparable prediction of clinical outcome in CMF-treated breast cancer patients using conventional clinical variables and gene expression based markers. (lu.se)
  • Droplet digital PCR (ddPCR) assays have been developed for accurate assessment of CNVs in several human genes. (researchsquare.com)
  • Among all the human genes regulated by the Keap1/Nrf2 pathway, they are consistently the most overexpressed in response to Nrf2 activators. (nih.gov)
  • Then they used a combination of protein profiling, genetics and metabolism to identify which genes were necessary to confer tamoxifen-resistance. (sciencedaily.com)
  • The ABCB4 gene (also known as MDR3 ) provides instructions for making a protein that helps move certain fats called phospholipids across the membranes of liver cells and release the phospholipids into a digestive fluid called bile. (medlineplus.gov)
  • ABSTRACT In order to define the protein expressional changes related to the process of meglumine antimoniate resistance in anthroponotic cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL), we performed a comparative proteomics analysis on sensitive and resistant strains of Leishmania tropica isolated from Iranian CL patients. (who.int)
  • Sample preparation (protein and drug-resistant L. tropica parasites extraction) niasis, early diagnosis and appropriate [8]. (who.int)
  • Multidrug resistance protein is an efflux pump of the cell membrane that expels foreign compounds. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Recent our experiment evidenced that expression of multidrug resistance protein 1 (MDR1) or CD243 is different in various forms of cutaneous leishmaniasis [ 13 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • This ATP-dependent drug efflux protein pumps several substances out of cells and can reduce drug accumulation in resistant cells [ 14 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Normally, genes that encode such dysfunctional proteins are eliminated by the body over time, and approximately two-thirds of the global human population has stopped producing the Siglec-12 protein. (scitechdaily.com)
  • The new technique, known as Mobile-CRISPRi, harnesses the power of CRISPR interference-which blocks gene expression through the use of a catalytically inactive Cas9 protein (dCas9) and programmable single guide RNAs-allowing scientists to screen for antibiotic function in a wide range of pathogenic bacteria. (genengnews.com)
  • Moreover, the system reduces the production of protein from targeted genes, allowing researchers to identify how antibiotics inhibit the growth of pathogens. (genengnews.com)
  • The result is a lower expression of the gene and a reduced amount of the protein it codes for. (genengnews.com)
  • In the current study, the researchers showed that if they decreased the amount of protein targeted by an antibiotic, bacteria became much more sensitive to lower levels of the drug-evidence of an association between gene and drug. (genengnews.com)
  • The "azole" family of drugs do not kill the fungi--they limit growth by disrupting a protein in the yeasts' outer membrane. (sciencedaily.com)
  • The nucleotide changes analysis showed that 61% of the samples of different groups that were unresponsive to drug had mutations in the MDR1 gene, which were also confirmed by the sequencing method. (biomedcentral.com)
  • As part of global surveillance and sequencing of carbapenem-resistant Escherichia coli , we identified a sequence type 131 strain harboring bla IMP-14 within a class 1 integron, itself nested within an ∼54-kb multidrug resistance region on an epidemic IncA/C 2 plasmid. (ox.ac.uk)
  • His PhD research led to the identification of a gene for efficient plasmid maintenance in Escherichia coli and a method for generating a multi-copy infectious plasmid that is packageable inside a virus coat-an early example of synthetic biology. (kgi.edu)
  • Here, we describe a simple and reproducible protocol of mouse model of infection to evaluate the attenuation of the genetically modified strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in comparison to the United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved Escherichia coli for commercial applications. (jove.com)
  • The methylation specific polymerase chain reaction in conjunction with sequencing verification was used to establish the methylation patterns of the 14 genes in the liver tissues of four healthy liver donors, as well as tumor and the paired non-cancerous tissues of 30 HCC patients. (wjgnet.com)
  • Reference: Identification of novel mutations that confer drug resistance in the human immunodeficiency virus polymerase gene. (neb.com)
  • The aim of the current study was to evaluate drug resistance profile of RT gene and assess subtype among HIV-1 circulating strains and intensification of physician's options for the best therapy. (ijbiotech.com)
  • Our preliminary study using 2D isolates were recovered from liq- new cases throughout the world cu- gel electrophoresis in drug sensitive/ uid nitrogen, and sub-cultured in taneous leishmaniasis (CL) remains resistant strains of L. tropica showed RPMI1640 medium (Gibco/BRL) a serious public health problem in that some proteins were differentially supplemented with 10% fetal bovine numerous countries [1,2]. (who.int)
  • Alternative transcripts are also displayed here for genes where reported resistant mutations are not located on the canonical transcript but are on the alternative, and also where reported resistant mutations are located at the same genomic position on both the canonical and alternative transcripts or on overlapping genes and/or fusions and share a COSM id. (sanger.ac.uk)
  • Oct. 13, 2021 For the past fifteen years, cancer researchers have been using DNA sequencing technology to identify the gene mutations that cause the different forms of cancer. (sciencedaily.com)
  • In fiscal years 2016 through 2021, more than $52 million was awarded through the BAA to fight antimicrobial resistance. (cdc.gov)
  • A new gene known as mcr -1-which can make bacteria resistant to colistin, a last-resort drug for some multidrug-resistant infections-was first reported in China in November 2015 and in the United States in May 2016. (cdc.gov)
  • In November 2015, mcr -1-a gene that can make bacteria resistant to colistin, an old antibiotic that is the last-resort drug for some multidrug-resistant infections-was reported in China. (cdc.gov)
  • We found polymorphisms in the pncA gene for 70% of multidrug-resistant and 96% of extensively drug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates from South Africa and Georgia. (blogspot.com)
  • The T-lineage phenotype in children with acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL) is associated with in vitro drug resistance and a higher relapse-risk compared to a precursor B phenotype. (prinsesmaximacentrum.nl)
  • These five coding alterations seem to occur more frequently in T-ALL (13%) than controls (5%, P = 0.06), but did not associate with altered expression levels of ATM or in vitro resistance to daunorubicin. (prinsesmaximacentrum.nl)
  • Liquid emulsions and solid nanoparticles are used with ultrasound to deliver genes in vitro and in vivo. (hindawi.com)
  • Biedler, J. L. & Riehm, H. Cellular resistance to actinomycin D in Chinese hamster cells in vitro: cross-resistance, radioautographic, and cytogenetic studies. (nature.com)
  • Molecular surveillance is needed not only for the detection of mutations to the P . falciparum kelch gene, which are associated with artemisinin resistance [ 3 ], but also molecular markers associated with the efficacy of other antimalarial drugs. (researchsquare.com)
  • IL-17A is involved in neutrophilic inflammation and corticosteroid resistance, and thus may be particularly important in a COPD molecular phenotype. (nih.gov)
  • As a novel theranostic system, nanocarriers hold great promise for ultrasound molecular imaging, targeted drug/gene delivery, and therapy. (hindawi.com)
  • The results revealed changes in genes associated with the structure of fungi's outer membrane and the activity of molecular pumps that can eject the drug from the yeast's cells. (sciencedaily.com)
  • GO Annotations consist of four mandatory components: a gene product, a term from one of the three Gene Ontology (GO) controlled vocabularies ( Molecular Function , Biological Process , and Cellular Component ), a reference, and an evidence code. (yeastgenome.org)
  • Sometimes molecular methods can be used to detect specific resistance genes. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Using bacterial samples from human, retail meat, and food animal sources, the CDC, U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA), and U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) retrospectively screened nearly 55,000 bacterial isolates through the National Antimicrobial Resistance Monitoring System (NARMS) and collections of healthcare-associated bacteria. (cdc.gov)
  • These isolates tested negative for the mcr -1 gene. (cdc.gov)
  • DST of second-line drugs (ofloxacin, amikacin, kanamycin, capreomycin) was performed on isolates from MDR-TB cases to identify pre-XDR and XDR cases. (who.int)
  • ABCB4 gene mutations that cause PFIC3 impair the movement of phospholipids across cell membranes, leading to a lack of phospholipids available to bind to bile acids. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Identification of drug resistant mutations is important in the management of HIV-1 infected patients. (ijbiotech.com)
  • In a Novartis-sponsored study in the New England Journal of Medicine, researchers found that a CRISPR-Cas9-based treatment targeting promoters of genes encoding fetal hemoglobin could reduce disease symptoms. (genomeweb.com)
  • Looking at a different population of patients with advanced-stage colorectal cancer, the researchers found that more than 80 percent had the functional form of the SIGLEC-12 gene, and those patients had a worse outcome than the minority of patients without it. (scitechdaily.com)
  • The researchers developed a new CRISPR tool to study which genes are targeted by particular antibiotics, providing clues on how to improve existing drug compounds or develop new ones. (genengnews.com)
  • In an accompanying eLife "Insight" piece commenting on the importance of the C. albicans drug resistance study, two researchers from the École Polytechnique Fédérale in Lausanne, Switzerland, wrote: "The work provides a global description of the genetic processes underlying drug resistance and adaptation in C. albicans . (sciencedaily.com)
  • Human AKR genes also regulate retinoid, prostaglandin, and steroid hormone metabolism and can regulate the local concentrations of ligands available for nuclear receptors (NRs). (nih.gov)
  • NNRTI regimen and also continuous surveillance should be perform to evaluate resistance patterns for more effective therapeutic approaches. (ijbiotech.com)
  • Cancer cells frequently display intrinsic or acquired resistance to chemically diverse anticancer drugs, limiting therapeutic success. (nature.com)
  • Lab principal investigator James C. Cusack, MD , is co-inventor of the patent "Use of NF-kappaB inhibition in combination therapy for cancer," (United States patent 6,831,057), which describes the therapeutic strategy noted above and is now licensed to two pharmaceutical companies for novel drug development. (massgeneral.org)
  • Whereas most prototypical estrogen-responsive genes were suppressed, CAFs maintained gene expression related to therapeutic resistance, basal-like differentiation, and invasion. (lu.se)
  • These tests will detect variants present in the CMV viral genes UL27 , UL97 , UL54 , and UL56 . (aruplab.com)
  • ARUP's testing can determine resistance-associated variants in multiple genes ( UL97 , UL54 , UL27 , and UL56 ). (aruplab.com)
  • A multiplex ddPCR assay was developed to detect the CNVs in the pfmdr1 and pfplasmepsin2 genes, while a duplex ddPCR assay was developed to detect CNV in the pfgch1 gene. (researchsquare.com)
  • In order to reduce the cost of testing, a multiplex ddPCR assay of two target genes, pfmdr1 and pfplasmepsin2, was validated. (researchsquare.com)
  • In addition, the CNVs of genes of field samples collected from Thailand from 2015 to 2019 (n = 84) were assessed by ddPCR and results were compared to qPCR as the reference assay. (researchsquare.com)
  • Based on the obtained gene copy number quantification limit, the accuracy and percent relative standard deviation (%RSD) value of the multiplex ddPCR assay were 95% and 5%, respectively, for detection of the CNV of the pfmdr1 gene, and 91% and 5% for detection of the CNV of the pfplasmepsin2 gene. (researchsquare.com)
  • The results suggested that multiplex ddPCR assay is the optional assay for the accurate detection of gene copy number without requiring calibration standards, while the cost and required time are reduced. (researchsquare.com)
  • Dr Marco Fiorillo suggests: "Now that we have identified the target, this will allow us and others to design new drugs to overcome tamoxifen resistance. (sciencedaily.com)
  • July 11, 2019 Targeted drugs for breast and lung cancer could be used together to overcome resistance to treatment in several different tumour types, a new study shows. (sciencedaily.com)
  • New details about a key mechanism underlying treatment resistance in breast cancer are reported this week in Science Translational Medicine , along with data suggesting that a new type of targeted therapy can overcome the mutations driving this resistance. (genomeweb.com)
  • That knowledge can help direct research to overcome resistance to existing drugs. (genengnews.com)
  • Therefore, strategies need to be developed to overcome chemotherapy resistance [ 1 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • High-resolution structures, biophysical and in silico studies have led to tremendous progress in understanding the mechanism of drug transport by these ABC transporters, and several promising therapies, including irradiation-based immune and thermal therapies, and nanomedicine have been used to overcome ABC transporter-mediated cancer chemoresistance. (nature.com)
  • As it battles to overcome the effects of the drug, the fungus becomes weaker, with a reduction in the traits associated with virulence. (sciencedaily.com)
  • His student, Teresa Golden, cloned a plant gene (DCL1) that later became known as the first member of the Dicer group of genes required for microRNA biogenesis. (kgi.edu)
  • A gene that is 'revving the engine of cancer' against the world's most common breast cancer drug has been discovered by scientists. (sciencedaily.com)
  • Scientists in Salford, UK, have identified a gene which is 'revving the engine of cancer' against the world's most common breast cancer drug. (sciencedaily.com)
  • For reasons unknown, 50% of patients with breast cancer treated with the estrogen receptor-blocking drug tamoxifen eventually become resistant to the treatment. (sciencedaily.com)
  • In a paper published this week in the journal Oncotarget , biochemists tested a hypothesis that the mechanism of tamoxifen resistance is related to energy-generating mitochondria in cancer cells. (sciencedaily.com)
  • In the laboratory they directly compared sensitive cells with tamoxifen-resistant cancer cells, and demonstrated that higher mitochondrial power is what distinguishes a drug-sensitive cell from a resistant cell. (sciencedaily.com)
  • Aug. 20, 2019 Like many women who develop a particular type of breast cancer, the same gene -- HER2 -- also appears to be the cause of lung cancer in many dogs. (sciencedaily.com)
  • Therefore, in this study, we investigated the possible role of rpS3 as a key target of anti-cancer drug resistance. (bmbreports.org)
  • This is NOT a known cancer gene. (sanger.ac.uk)
  • It is not found in the Cancer Gene Census . (sanger.ac.uk)
  • Mouse insertional mutagenesis experiments DO NOT support the designation of RPS17 as a cancer causing gene. (sanger.ac.uk)
  • This gene does not have a cancer hallmark. (sanger.ac.uk)
  • A UC San Diego study found a potential explanation: Negative evolutionary selection has eliminated the Siglec-12 gene in two-thirds of the human population, yet for the remaining third, this gene has gone rogue, apparently doubling the risk of advanced cancer. (scitechdaily.com)
  • Donor support has accelerated research in cancer, heart disease, ALS, Alzheimer's disease, diabetes, AIDS, multiple sclerosis, RNA interference (gene silencing) and stem cell research, and represent some of the most innovative and medically promising work being done at UMass Chan today. (umassmed.edu)
  • Drug resistance is a main obstacle for curative cancer chemotherapy. (hindawi.com)
  • They can pass through blood capillary walls and cell membrane walls to deliver drugs [ 8 ], thereby reducing the side effect and enhancing the curative effect of cancer therapy [ 9 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • Inhibiting the SCD enzyme and blocking the function of FOSB blunts acquired drug resistance and improves survival in mouse models of glioblastoma brain cancer. (neurosciencenews.com)
  • Drug resistance in cancer: an overview. (nature.com)
  • The recurrence and drug resistance of breast cancer are intractable due to the presence of breast cancer stem cells (BCSCs), which are adequate to initiate tumor formation and refractory to conventional remedies. (spandidos-publications.com)
  • Recent studies have shown that pyroptosis-related genes are associated with the prognosis of cancer patients. (nature.com)
  • Finally, genes that were downregulated in cancer cells by CAFs were predictive of poor response to endocrine treatment. (lu.se)
  • pendent of those associated with cretory ducts, columnar epithelia the KRAS gene is more frequent- other key mechanistic characteris- lining the gastrointestinal tract and ly mutated in human cancer, which tics of IARC Group 1 carcinogens. (who.int)
  • Instead, it just sits on the DNA, blocking other proteins from gaining access to and turning on a particular gene. (genengnews.com)
  • To establish the DNA methylation patterns of the promoter CpG islands of 14 "drug-resistance" genes in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). (wjgnet.com)
  • Scale up WGS of foodborne pathogens to better understand foodborne resistance patterns and outbreaks, and find new ways to prevent foodborne infections in humans. (cdc.gov)
  • We found that the COR and jasmonate isoleucine (JA-Ile) co-receptor JAZ2 is constitutively expressed in guard cells and modulates stomatal dynamics during bacterial invasion We analyzed tissue expression patterns of AtJAZ genes and measured stomata opening and pathogen resistance in loss- and gain-of-function mutants. (nih.gov)
  • The aim of the present study was to develop and validate ddPCR assays for detection of the CNVs of P. falciparum genes associated with resistance to antimalarial drugs. (researchsquare.com)
  • There were no significant differences between the GCN results obtained from uniplex andmultiplex ddPCR assays for detection of CNVs in the pfmdr1 and pfplasmepsin2 genes ( p = 0.363 and 0.330, respectively). (researchsquare.com)
  • The developed ddPCR assays are simple, accurate, precise and cost-effective tools for detection of the CNVs in the pfmdr1 , pfplasmepsin2 and pfgch1 genes of P. falciparum . (researchsquare.com)
  • The detection and identification of drug-resistant virus populations is essential for informing optimal therapy. (aruplab.com)
  • 24. Yet another alarming signal was China's detection last year, in animal and human samples, of a mechanism of drug resistance, involving the mcr-1 gene, that is easily transferred from one bacterial strain to others, including some with epidemic potential. (who.int)
  • However, less than six months after the first identification of mcr -1 in China, the U.S. Department of Defense (DoD) and USDA identified the gene in bacteria cultured from a Pennsylvania patient and retrospectively from the intestinal samples of two pigs, one in South Carolina and the other in Illinois. (cdc.gov)
  • Although these enzymes play clear cytoprotective roles and deal effectively with carbonyl stress, their upregulation by the Keap1/Nrf2 pathway also has a potential dark-side, which can lead to chemotherapeutic drug resistance and the metabolic activation of lung carcinogens (e.g., polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons). (nih.gov)
  • Specific variants present in these genes are associated with antiviral resistance. (aruplab.com)
  • The second class includes the sequencing tests used to identify antiviral drug-associated resistance variants that, when present even at low concentrations, may continue to evolve and ultimately lead to treatment failure. (aruplab.com)
  • The ESR1 gene is also interesting but here we should only import variants that are known drug resistance mutations. (lu.se)
  • All variants that are found in the specified list of genes should now be imported as annotations. (lu.se)
  • 1. Ndjeka N. Multi-Drug Resistant Tuberculosis: Strategic Overview on MDR TB Care in South Africa. (cdc.gov)
  • Drug-resistant Tuberculosis in South Africa N Engl J Med. (cdc.gov)
  • Restricted structural gene polymorphism in the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex indicates evolutionarily recent global dissemination. (cdc.gov)
  • Extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis (XDR-TB) represents an emerging public health problem worldwide. (who.int)
  • The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of drug resistance to second-line TB drugs among MDR-TB cases detected in the Fourth National Anti-Tuberculosis Drug Resistance Survey in Viet Nam. (who.int)
  • 1,5 Based on the Fourth National Anti-Tuberculosis Drug Resistance Survey in Viet Nam and the WHO Global Tuberculosis Report 2015, there were an estimated 5100 cases with MDR-TB among notified TB cases in Viet Nam. (who.int)
  • In 2009, the Viet Nam National Tuberculosis Programme (NTP) implemented programmatic management of drug-resistant TB (PMDT) to diagnose and provide treatment with second-line TB drugs (SLDs) for MDR-TB under programme condition. (who.int)
  • In this week's study, a team led by scientists from the biotech firm generated mouse mammary glands expressing ESR1 mutations to examine their impact on drug resistance, finding that the genetic alterations caused estrogen receptors to be unusually sensitive to the hormone progesterone, boosting cell proliferation. (genomeweb.com)
  • In the Cornell model [ 6 ], the bacilli recovered from the relapsed mice were fully susceptible to INH and PZA, indicating phenotypic rather than genetic drug resistance associated with dormant bacilli. (hindawi.com)
  • They found that the fungus undergoes 240 genetic changes associated with drug resistance. (sciencedaily.com)
  • Numerous other genetic mutations were found to be prevalent as drug resistance increased, though the functional impact of those changes is not known. (sciencedaily.com)
  • Interaction annotations are curated by BioGRID and include physical or genetic interactions observed between at least two genes. (yeastgenome.org)
  • Through CDC's Antibiotic Resistance Solutions Initiative, the agency is transforming the nation's capacity to further detect, respond, and prevent antibiotic resistant threats across healthcare settings and in communities to protect Americans and save lives. (cdc.gov)
  • ICAP at Columbia University is being funded to develop a network of four hospitals in Kenya to improve their ability to detect bacterial infections, determine antibiotic resistance in the infections, assess antibiotic use and the prevalence of healthcare-acquired infections, and develop an antibiotic stewardship collaborative to improve the use of antimicrobials at the hospitals. (cdc.gov)
  • ICAP will also support capacity of the National Public Health Laboratory in Kenya to detect and test for antimicrobial resistance. (cdc.gov)
  • ARUP is introducing three new tests to detect CMV drug resistance using next generation sequencing (NGS). (aruplab.com)
  • After DoD found that a Pennsylvania patient carried a bacteria with the gene, CDC and state and local health departments in Pennsylvania immediately launched a coordinated public health investigation to potentially prevent mcr -1 from becoming widespread in the United States. (cdc.gov)
  • E. coli bacteria carrying the mcr -1 gene was found in a urine sample from a patient in Pennsylvania in May 2016. (cdc.gov)
  • The gene has the potential to quickly spread to other bacteria and raises the possibility that bacteria already resistant to major antibiotics could become resistant to colistin as well. (cdc.gov)
  • If colistin resistance spreads to bacteria that are already resistant to all other antibiotics, those bacteria could cause truly untreatable infections. (cdc.gov)
  • AMR, through acquired genes located on transposons or conjugative plasmids, is the horizontal transmission of genes required for a given bacteria to withstand antibiotics. (mdpi.com)
  • We confirmed the ability of these mutations to confer diminished sensitivity for these compounds by site-directed mutagenesis, in which these mutations were inserted into the pol gene of infectious recombinant HXB2-D DNA. (neb.com)
  • Similar results were obtained using primary cord blood lymphocytes in drug resistance assays, indicating that these mutations could confer drug resistance in more than one cell type and that the respective mutations could be expressed in cells of primary origin. (neb.com)
  • We calculated the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) and Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment scores of all fibrotic disease genes. (frontiersin.org)
  • Click "Gene Ontology Details" to view all GO information and evidence for this locus as well as biological processes it shares with other genes. (yeastgenome.org)
  • The drug resistance interpretation in this study showed: 87.7% susceptible for AZT, 70.8% susceptible, and 25% high-level resistance for 3TC, 87.7% susceptible for TDF, 29.1% high-level resistance for NVP and 70.8% susceptible and 25% highlevel resistance for EFV. (ijbiotech.com)
  • In this study, we performed a new bioinformatics analysis on microarray-based gene expression data obtained from the public domain to explore genes that were differentially induced by drugs between the group of capreomycin and PA-824 and the group of mainly the first-line TB drugs. (hindawi.com)
  • Our study has identified 42 genes specifically induced by capreomycin and PA-824. (hindawi.com)
  • In this retrospective multi-cohort study, we investigated whether combining pyroptosis- and immune-related genes improves prognostic classification of AML patients. (nature.com)
  • This was a cross sectional hospital- vancomycin as the drug of choice in the treatment of based study involving 300 patients of all ages with 6 infections caused by MRSA. (who.int)
  • It also confirms that tamoxifen resistance is not a mechanism related to estrogen. (sciencedaily.com)
  • Analysis of acquired mutations developed during treatment using afatinib revealed that the emergence of EGFR T790M or ALK fusion was the potential mechanism of afatinib resistance. (frontiersin.org)
  • In the tabs below you can see any other genes that have resistance mutations to the same drug(s), and the distribution of mutations that occur in those genes. (sanger.ac.uk)
  • The mcr -1 gene is on a plasmid, a small piece of DNA that is able to move from one bacterium to another. (cdc.gov)
  • We should at least have the GENE name and match that to an annotation type in BASE. (lu.se)
  • This is why it is more important than ever to slow spread of resistance by following infection control measures for every patient, every time and to keep antibiotics working by improving how we use them. (cdc.gov)
  • Moreover, amplification of the P . falciparum GTP cyclohydrolase 1 ( pfgch1 ) GCN is linked to upregulation of the Plasmodium falciparum dihydrofolate reductase ( pfdhfr ) and P . falciparum dihydropteroate synthase ( pfdhps ) genes, which are associated with sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine resistance in Southeast Asia [ 9 , 10 ]. (researchsquare.com)
  • The role of RICTOR amplification in targeted therapy and drug resistance. (nih.gov)
  • Different phylogenetic methods were used to explore the evolution and dynamics of drug resistance mutations in the full-length HIV-1 pol gene. (ucl.ac.uk)
  • Then, nucleotide changes were investigated throughout the gene using HRM and sequencing methods. (biomedcentral.com)
  • However, little data is available on the evolution, interaction and linkage of drug resistance mutations throughout the pol gene. (ucl.ac.uk)
  • Frumkin J.P., Patra B.N., Sevold A., Ganguly K., Patel C., Yoon S., Schmid M.B., and Ray A. The interplay between chromosome stability and cell cycle control explored through gene-gene interaction and computational simulation. (kgi.edu)
  • Remarkably, dominant jaz2Δjas mutants are resistant to Pseudomonas syringae but retain unaltered resistance against necrotrophs. (nih.gov)
  • ABSTRACT The bla IMP-14 carbapenem resistance gene has largely previously been observed in Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Acinetobacter spp. (ox.ac.uk)
  • How to eradicate mycobacterial persistence has become a central research focus for developing next-generation TB drugs. (hindawi.com)
  • Eradicating mycobacterial persistence would be an indispensable element for development of next-generation TB drugs. (hindawi.com)
  • The rapid rise of antibiotic resistance represents a major global public health threat that has been estimated to endanger millions of lives and cost over $2 billion each year in the U.S. alone. (genengnews.com)
  • Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) remains an alarming public health threat worldwide. (who.int)
  • Resistance to anti-TB drugs is a public health threat to controlling TB worldwide. (who.int)