Gene expression regulation viral. Medical search. Frequent questions (2)

Late in infection, the virus assembles a unique virus-host hybrid transcription complex that connects viral gene expression to viral DNA replication and genome packaging. (nih.gov)
HIV-1 full-length RNA (HIV-1 RNA) plays a central role in viral replication, serving as a template for Gag/Gag-Pol translation and as a genome for the progeny virion. (nih.gov)
Two viral oncogenes, E6 and E7, are responsible for papillomaviral carcinogenesis and are highly expressed from the integrated viral genome. (cancer.gov)
We demonstrated that SRp20 is a proto-oncogene essential for cell proliferation by regulating genome-wide RNA splicing of several hundred host genes. (cancer.gov)
Limited 5' and 3' rapid amplification of cDNA ends (RACE) experiments and findings of novel splicing events by RNA-seq suggest that the complexity of the viral genome during reactivation may be even greater. (nih.gov)
Most newly identified transcribed regions do not encode proteins but instead likely function as noncoding RNA molecules which could participate in regulating gene expression, gene splicing or even activities such as viral genome processing. (nih.gov)
This region of the viral genome encodes a series of related proteins with multifunctional capabilities. (bdbiosciences.com)
To quantify the modifications present on a single human RNA species, the investigators focused on the RNA genome of HIV-1, which is packaged into viral particles released by infected cells, and more easily purified for study than are cellular mRNAs. (nih.gov)
Between 1999 and 2009, I conducted research at Yale University and the J. Craig Venter Institute focusing on infectious diseases, regulation of gene expression, mechanism of RNA interference, functional genomics of African trypanosomes (as key pathogens of humans and livestock animals), infectious and zoonotic diseases, technology development for multiplex viral genome sequencing and metagenomics. (ed.ac.uk)
Studies on the structure of the integrated viral DNA sequences showed that hr-transformed cells always contained the left end of the adenovirus DNA, but the size of the integrated DNA fragment varied among different lines, and a high percentage of the lines contained the entire viral genome colinearly integrated. (mcmaster.ca)
With those factors kept in mind, in all cases gene therapy must hinge on finding a controlled method for getting the desired copy of a supplemental gene and any required regulatory sequences into the host genome, and perhaps even into only a particular desired subset of cells. (mlo-online.com)
One regulatory gene promotes transcription of the viral genome and modulates the expression of specific cellular genes. (open.ac.uk)
They disrupt the activity of many critical regulators such as NF-kB, AP-1, and SMAD and affect in turn the regulation of cell cycle, genome integrity and immune response. (ens-lyon.fr)
Pituitary neoplasia induced by expression of human neurotropic Polyomavirus, JCV, early genome in transgenic mice. (lsuhsc.edu)
Tonia René Holverson The HPV genome contains a bipartite promoter system that regulates the expression of early and late gene transcripts. (northwestern.edu)

These investigations include the role of lymphoid and myeloid cells in antiviral immunity, T and B cell recognition of viral proteins and peptides, T cell effector functions in vivo, and antibody interactions with viral proteins. (nih.gov)
Contemporary vaccine development is a multidisciplinary effort that integrates the structural biology of viral proteins and virions, animal models, and cutting-edge immunological approaches. (nih.gov)
Oncogenic HPV E6 and E7 destabilize cellular tumor suppressor proteins and induce aberrant expression of a subset of oncogenic and tumor-suppressive microRNAs (miRNAs) and long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs). (cancer.gov)
Together, the HPV infection-induced degradation of host tumor suppressive proteins, aberrant expression of oncogenic and tumor-suppressive miRNAs and lncRNAs, and enhancement of SRp20 expression could be the major distinguishable mechanisms leading to the development of cervical cancer. (cancer.gov)
The finding of a significantly more complex EBV transcriptome during reactivation changes our view of the viral production process from one that is facilitated and regulated almost entirely by previously identified viral proteins to a process that also involves the contribution of a wide array of virus encoded noncoding RNAs. (nih.gov)
Like HPV E7 and SV40 large T antigen, E1A proteins can form a specific complex with the retinoblastoma tumor suppressor gene product (Rb protein). (bdbiosciences.com)
Using immunoprecipitation and sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, we analyzed the viral proteins expressed in hr-transformed cells. (mcmaster.ca)
To date, proteins from both RNA and DNA virus families have been shown to be modified by SUMO conjugation, and this modification appears critical for viral protein function. (tamu.edu)
Producer cells are generated by introducing the gene of interest (GOI) into an LVV packaging cell line that already has stably integrated the vector-coding LVV structural proteins and a viral envelope to impart cellular tropism. (biopharminternational.com)
With inducible systems, the expression of viral cytotoxic proteins is regulated by the addition of an inducer or the removal of a suppressor to control initiation of LVV production at a defined timepoint and thus limit expression of the cytotoxic viral products to the time of production only, explains Luca Peterfay, process development scientist II at Charles River. (biopharminternational.com)
Expression of a polyoma virus oncoprotein and tumor suppressor proteins in medulloblastomas. (lsuhsc.edu)
E6 also interacts with nuclear proteins that have roles in the regulation of transcription, DNA replication, and repair complexes. (northwestern.edu)

He worked on transcriptional regulation of viral gene expression and its role in viral pathogenesis utilizing single cell analytical approaches. (nih.gov)
2) Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) gene expression and post-transcriptional regulation. (cancer.gov)
The Developmental Biology Section investigates the transcriptional regulation of cell fate determination during metazoan development. (nih.gov)
E1A regulates the transcriptional regulation of a wide variety of viral and cellular promoters. (bdbiosciences.com)
Transcriptional and post-transcriptional regulation of viral gene expression in the gamma-herpesvirus Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus. (tufts.edu)
There is particular focus on genes involved in transcriptional regulation, ubiquitination and host-receptor interactions. (ubc.ca)
The wide-ranging impact of sumoylation on cellular processes such as transcriptional regulation, apoptosis, stress response, and cell cycle control makes it an attractive target for viral dysregulation. (tamu.edu)
Using techniques such as ChIP-sequence, ATAC and Micro-C analysis, systematic RNAi mutagenesis, transgenic animals or cells, and in vitro transcription assays, they have developed complimentary experimental strategies to dissect in vivo mechanisms of transcriptional regulation and tease out how these various protein/DNA and protein/protein transactions influence gene expression. (berkeley.edu)

As a viral splicing factor first identified by us in the virology field, ORF57 promotes RNA splicing by interacting with the spliceosomal machinery and by attenuating SRSF3 activities. (cancer.gov)
Latent coexistence is one of the least understood phenomena in virology, but critically important to understanding viral pathogenesis and the impact of viral coexistence on our biology. (pewtrusts.org)
As a viral splicing factor first identified by our group in the virology field, ORF57 promotes RNA splicing by interacting with the spliceosomal machinery and by attenuating SRSF3 activities. (nih.gov)
On episode #362 of the science show This Week in Virology , the virus virtuosos, with their usual verve, illuminate a new method to identify all the viral nucleic acids in a sample, and regulation of viral gene expression by codon usage. (virology.ws)
The faculty of the Department of Microbiology and Immunology at Penn State College of Medicine are known for their major contributions in molecular and structural virology, viral pathogenesis and viral and tumor immunology. (psu.edu)
Virology, immunology, oncology and metabolic diseases are broad research areas being pursued by various members of the department, with research opportunities available to explore interactions of viruses with host cells and organisms, virus replication and assembly, viral latency and reactivation and innate and adaptive immune responses in host defense, autoimmunity and mucosal immunity and inflammation. (psu.edu)

To explore the effects of hNAP-1 on viral infection, a reporter HIV-1 virus was used to infect cells in which hNAP-1 had been either overexpressed or knocked-down. (medscape.com)
Consistent with the gene expression results, these two treatments were found to increase and inhibit viral infection, respectively. (medscape.com)
14. Genetic variation at -1878 (rs2596542) in MICA gene region is associated with chronic hepatitis B virus infection in Saudi Arabian patients. (nih.gov)
1) Papillomavirus infection and viral and host gene expression. (cancer.gov)
In KSHV lytic infection, the viral lytic gene ORF57 encodes a multifunctional, caspase-7-sensitive protein to regulate the expression of a subset of viral lytic genes at the post-transcriptional level. (cancer.gov)
Finally, we consider in molecular terms why EC cells, but not their differentiated derivatives, are refractory to the expression of many viral genomes following infection. (nih.gov)
As a PhD student in Dimitris Thanos' lab in Athens, Greece, she discovered novel molecular mechanisms that drive stochastic gene expression upon viral infection. (nih.gov)
Its activation leads to the production of interferons: a group of cytokines important in overcoming viral infection. (helsinki.fi)
During influenza A virus infection, this function is performed by viral non-structural protein 1 (NS1). (helsinki.fi)
These include the innate immune response to infection and epigenetic regulation of gene expression. (pewtrusts.org)
Identifying virus-host interactions unique to the latent infection will elucidate the mechanisms required for latency and, consequently, those impacting viral pathogenesis. (pewtrusts.org)
This study aimed to determine the prevalence of occult HBV infection among Egyptian chronic HCV patients, the genotype and occurrence of surface gene mutations of HBV and the impact of co-infection on early response to treatment. (who.int)
A crowdsourced analysis to identify ab initio molecular signatures predictive of susceptibility to viral infection. (duke.edu)
This chapter will focus on mechanisms by which sumoylation both impacts human viruses and is used by viruses to promote viral infection and disease. (tamu.edu)
Inflammation and immune responses often occur together in a viral infection. (ifm.org)
Our study model is the viral oncogenic infection by HTLV-1 (Human T-cell leukemia Virus type 1) which is the causative agent of an aggressive T-CD4+ haematological malignancy (Adult T-cell Leukaemia/Lymphoma (ATLL)) and various inflammatory diseases in 2-5% of infected individuals. (ens-lyon.fr)
In addition, the lab is engaged in using these super-resolution imaging and genomics platforms to dissect disease mechanisms including cancer, viral infection, developmental disorders and metabolic imbalance. (berkeley.edu)

LVD labs investigate viral pathogenesis and immunity using animal model systems, as well as human clinical trial resources and data. (nih.gov)

Lentiviral vectors in gene therapy is a method by which genes can be inserted, modified, or deleted in organisms using lentiviruses. (edwardbetts.com)
alternative strategy to the currently used viral and non-viral vectors in gene - therapy and gene transfer. (edwardbetts.com)
While a few classes of virus are particularly promising as gene therapy tools ("vectors," or carriers of supplemental genetic material), we'll choose just one particular virus type-adeno-associated virus, or AAV-as our explanatory model. (mlo-online.com)
In addition to being designed to prevent the replication of viral vectors and eliminate the risk of generating replication-competent viruses (RCVs), producer cells are engineered to lack essential viral genes or have other safety features to minimize the chance of vector release or dissemination during production, he notes. (biopharminternational.com)
As importantly, producer cells enable efficient vector production of high-quality viral vectors through incorporation of all the necessary components for viral protein expression, assembly, and packaging of the therapeutic gene, according to Tomkowicz. (biopharminternational.com)
Furthermore, producer cells can also be grown in large-scale bioreactors, allowing the production of large quantities of viral vectors. (biopharminternational.com)

BACKGROUND: Despite the large amount of data available on the molecular mechanisms that regulate HIV-1 transcription, crucial information is still lacking about the interplay between chromatin conformation and the events that regulate initiation and elongation of viral transcription. (medscape.com)
Combining genetic, biochemical, biophysical and structural approaches, her work has yielded fundamental insights into viral-host interactions and identified new mechanisms of regulation of gene expression at the transcriptional level. (amacad.org)
In a general part of the course, principles, mechanisms, and potential usage of gene therapy will be explained as well as gene transfer and ethical problems associated with gene therapy. (cuni.cz)
Regulatory mechanisms of splicing have long been considered as post-transcriptional events depending exclusively on the abundance of splicing factors and their post-translational regulation. (ens-lyon.fr)
We are using the properties of these viral factors to dissect the mechanisms that link the regulation of alternative splicing to chromatin remodelling and the spatio-temporal organisation of genes. (ens-lyon.fr)
Furthermore, LVVs can be engineered to include safety features, such as self-inactivation mechanisms or inducible gene expression systems, which can aid in regulation of transgene expression or provide the ability to eliminate modified cells if necessary. (biopharminternational.com)

This new research suggests that the addition of 5-methylcytosine (m5C) residues-a methylated form of the DNA base cytosine that regulates gene transcription-can modify the HIV-1 genetic profile. (nih.gov)
Recent advances have provided a variety of new strategies for delivering DNA and RNA into cells and probing their expression, as well as new clinical applications that rely upon the introduction of genetic material. (cshlpress.com)
Significant diagnostic applications would also be possible especially for genetic disorders and viral based diseases. (caltech.edu)
While that's rather a gross oversimplification of all the nuances possible within genetic diseases, it's a useful broad dichotomy and one from which it is probably apparent that some types of mutations ("recessive") are easier to address than others ("dominant") by addition of extra "good" gene copies to the patient. (mlo-online.com)
Integration of LVV genetic material into host-cell DNA enables stable and long-term expression of the therapeutic gene in the target cells, leading to longer therapeutic effects once the cells are infused into the patient. (biopharminternational.com)

In particular, human Nucleosome Assembly Protein-1 (hNAP-1) is known to act as a histone chaperone that shuttles histones H2A/H2B into the nucleus, assembles nucleosomes and promotes chromatin fluidity, thereby affecting transcription of several cellular genes. (medscape.com)
Her research focus is to understand the interplay between transcription factors and higher-order chromatin organization in the regulation of gene expression and cell identity. (nih.gov)
Second, we revealed the phase-specific chromatin accessibility signatures at the promoter regions of a large set of critical transcription factors and signaling pathway genes. (nature.com)
Finally, using an in vitro culture system of human FGCs, we showed that the BMP signaling pathway promoted the cell proliferation of FGCs, and regulated the WNT signaling pathway by orchestrating the chromatin accessibility of its ligand genes. (nature.com)
Moreover, her data suggest that chromatin, and in particular, enhancers, have a regulatory role in the expression of cancer-specific ASE isoforms. (umaryland.edu)
The further analysis will help to investigate the interplay between open chromatin and ASE isoform expression, define the role of ASE on cancer formation, and help to determine the detailed functional role of enhancers on the expression of ASE isoforms, which significantly contribute to HNSCC formation. (umaryland.edu)
Her work also suggests that both of these processes (alternative isoform expression and chromatin remodeling) can be therapeutically controlled. (umaryland.edu)
Her group is specialized in the high-throughput analysis of gene expression landscape and chromatin structure in different models and tissue types on both bulk and single-cell level. (umaryland.edu)
Using chromatin immunoprecipitation, I showed that activated histones bind both promoter regions throughout the viral life cycle. (northwestern.edu)
Their studies indicate that large co-activator complexes play a critical role in mediating both universal as well as cell type specific networks of gene transcription and can serve as the interface between transcription and chromatin regulation. (berkeley.edu)

He found that when viruses were expanded at high doses, "incomplete viruses" or "particles" were produced and that these interfered with viral replication. (wikipedia.org)
Dr. Zheng first identified RNA cis-elements in regulation of alternative RNA splicing in papillomavirus in 1996 and has been studying protein-RNA interactions and their consequences in various infections with tumor viruses, including high-risk human papillomaviruses and Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus. (cancer.gov)
Any of the processes by which cytoplasmic factors influence the differential control of gene action in viruses. (bvsalud.org)
Viruses have evolved elaborate means to regulate diverse cellular pathways in order to create a cellular environment that facilitates viral survival and reproduction. (tamu.edu)
The second gene (expressed by HIV and HTLV viruses) regulates viral expression posttranscriptionally by overcoming the effect of cis -acting negative elements present within the incompletely spliced mRNAs. (open.ac.uk)
The aim of this Special Issue of Viruses is to comprehensively combine the current knowledge on cytokine responses in viral infections (e.g., protective responses, viral evasion strategies, cytokine storm), focusing mainly on human viruses. (mdpi.com)

Lecture summary: Oncogenic herpesviruses such as Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus restrict cellular gene expression to dampen immune responses, while simultaneously stealing the cell's machinery to express viral genes. (nih.gov)
Detection of human neurotropic JC virus DNA sequences and expression of the viral oncogenic protein in pediatric medulloblastomas. (lsuhsc.edu)

Thus, RNA splicing regulates the production of viral E6 and E7 and this splicing is controlled by a branch point adenosine at nt 385 in the E6 intron of HPV16 and by two alternative branch point adenosines either at nt 384 or at nt 388 in the E6 intron of HPV18. (cancer.gov)

LVD labs study viral utilization and modulation of host cell transcription and epigenetic machinery, the creation of unique cellular structures to support viral replication and assembly, and the antagonism of innate and adaptive antiviral immune responses. (nih.gov)
This includes enhancing viral macromolecular synthesis and assembly, as well as preventing antiviral responses, including intrinsic, innate, and adaptive immunity. (tamu.edu)
Recent advances in knowledge of innate immune responses to viral infections have elucidated the complex network of interplay between the invading virus, the target cell and the host immune responses. (mdpi.com)

The goals of these research programs are to create knowledge that increases a basic biological understanding of these pathogens and their interactions with their hosts and to generate new strategies for preventing and treating viral diseases. (nih.gov)
These basic studies have led to novel therapeutic approaches that target virus-host interactions and have provided important insight into cancers of both viral and non-viral origin. (nih.gov)
Her laboratory also focuses on further elucidating these viral-host interactions and exploiting them to discover new targets for antibacterials. (amacad.org)

Faculty in the Laboratory of Viral Diseases are dedicated to promoting and practicing the principles of diversity, equity, inclusion, and accessibility. (nih.gov)
Finally, students will prepare short presentations (about 10 min) about the development of gene therapy for selected non-malignant diseases. (cuni.cz)

We found that cellular RNA-splicing factors, including SRSF3 (SRp20), also control RNA splicing of the viral early transcripts and viral early-to-late switch through binding to viral RNA cis-elements. (cancer.gov)
Further analysis of antisense transcripts at some of the EBV latency gene loci showed that they are "late" genes, they are nuclear, and they tend to localize in areas of the nucleus where others find newly synthesized viral genomes. (nih.gov)
Using strand-specific RNA-seq, we have studied viral gene expression during EBV reactivation and have discovered hundreds more viral transcripts than were previously known. (nih.gov)
Each viral protein carries its own code-or transcript-and for the virus to thrive, these transcripts must be replicated. (nih.gov)
Similarly, the field of viral epitranscriptomics is the study of RNA modifications in viral transcripts that do not affect the sequence of the transcript but are functionally relevant. (nih.gov)
She heads the translational laboratory, which defines the functional role of epigenetics in the regulation of expression of canonical and alternatively spliced transcripts. (umaryland.edu)

However, a limitation of any lytic viral expression system, including BEVS, is that death and lysis of infected insect cells terminates protein production. (nih.gov)
This results in interruption of protein production and higher production costs due to the need to set up new infections, maintain uninfected cells, and produce pure viral stocks. (nih.gov)
A gene family from the insect virus Campoletis sonorensis ichnovirus (CsIV) was discovered that delays lysis of baculovirus-infected cells, thereby significantly enhancing recombinant protein production in the BEVS system. (nih.gov)
Regulation and patterns of endogenous and exogenous gene expression during differentiation of embryonal carcinoma cells. (nih.gov)
Based upon these studies, we propose that fundamental changes in gene expression that are observed when differentiation is triggered in EC cells are likely to be due to the disappearance or neutralization of strong repressor elements. (nih.gov)
While expression of E1A alone is sufficient to immortalize primary cells, complete transformation requires the additional expression of the E1B region. (bdbiosciences.com)
Investigators discovered that the addition of m5C in infected cells highly modifies HIV-1 mRNA, and that NSUN2 methyltransferase-a protein coding gene-adds the m5C to the nucleus. (nih.gov)
Altered gene expression and DNA damage in peripheral blood cells from Friedreich's ataxia patients: cellular model of pathology. (duke.edu)
Understanding gene function and regulation requires rigorous testing in live cells and organisms. (cshlpress.com)
Gene Transfer: Delivery and Expression of DNA and RNA provides the first comprehensive guide to technical approaches for delivering nucleic acids into cells and organisms and of ensuring (even manipulating) appropriate expression. (cshlpress.com)
Dr. Gaykalova is an expert in the wide variety of biochemical and molecular biology techniques from PCR to in vitro assembly of transcription machinery complexes, as well as cancer and cell biology techniques from gene cloning and transfection to CRISPR and drug treatment of different in vivo and in vitro models, as well as further functional evaluation (cell proliferation, migration, and invasion) of the treated cells. (umaryland.edu)
When viral pathogens like influenza infect cells, they can take over the machinery in the host cells that have been infected to make more viral particles. (labroots.com)
An easier scenario is one in which the missing or defective gene product doesn't require expression regulation-a steady, constitutive expression is suitable-and ideally, where the product is something such as a secreted product, so that its expression by even a subset of cells can provide needed biological activity to all nearby cells. (mlo-online.com)
This gene introduction should be both efficient (that is, occurring in a significant proportion of target cells) and stable (allowing for long-term expression of the supplemental gene, ideally carried forward into any cells resulting from division of the originally modified cells). (mlo-online.com)
To overcome the cytotoxicity to producer cells associated with constitutive over-expression of the LVV envelope and the regulatory protein Rev required to generate viral products, two approaches have been developed. (biopharminternational.com)
In constitutive systems, continuous expression of all vector components occurs, with nontoxic envelope alternatives to vesicular stomatitis virus G (VSV-G) engineered into the producer cells. (biopharminternational.com)
There are many reasons to use producer cells for viral-vector manufacturing, says Brian Tomkowicz, senior director of R&D for Center for Breakthrough Medicines. (biopharminternational.com)

Complex formation between the products of oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes are believed to be important in cellular transformation. (bdbiosciences.com)
The viral oncogenes Tax and HBZ are well known to act as transcriptional co-factors. (ens-lyon.fr)

The baculovirus expression vector system (BEVS) is a powerful and versatile system for protein expression, which has many advantages. (nih.gov)
In sum, VE-BEVS is an enhancement of the existing BEVS technology that markedly improves protein expression levels while reducing the cost of labor and materials. (nih.gov)
These studies have also led to the development of the insect cell protein expression system, "InsectSelect" using baculovirus genes and insect cell culture systems. (ubc.ca)
Scope includes mutations and abnormal protein expression. (cancerindex.org)
The ability to analyze biological systems on these scales provides a direct means to reverse engineer multicellular organisms by following gene regulation and protein expression from the point of embryo fertilization onward. (caltech.edu)

of genes and their structural, sequence-based similarity [3]. (nih.gov)
In addition to the structural genes ( gag , pol and env ), expressed by all retroviruses, human retroviruses also encode additional regulatory genes. (open.ac.uk)
The disruption of LVV genes required for competent viral replication have been eliminated, while the structural components required to assemble virus particles have been retained. (biopharminternational.com)

This includes studies on the regulation of baculovirus gene expression and replication through structure-function studies of both viral and insect regulatory genes. (ubc.ca)

The Molecular Genetics Section studies the rearrangement of immunoglobulin and T-cell receptor genes (known as V(D)J recombination). (nih.gov)

Moreover, this assess the predictive quality and reliability of functional process should facilitate integrative prediction strategies based genomics analyses involving gene expression or other types of on the analysis of diverse sources of genomic information, related data. (nih.gov)

Jinpu joined the laboratory of Todd Macfarlan at the NICHD in 2018, and now he is exploring the interplay of retrotransposons and KRAB-ZFPs in gene expression control and embryonic development. (nih.gov)
Melania earned her Ph.D. in 2018 working in the lab of Dea Slade at Max F. Perutz laboratories, where she studied DNA damage response and transcription regulation. (nih.gov)
She joined the Macfarlan lab in October 2018, where she is currently exploring the molecular gears that move KRAB-zinc finger genes maintenance and evolution. (nih.gov)
2018. Autographa californica Nucleopolyhedrovirus AC141 (Exon0), a Potential E3 Ubiquitin Ligase, Interacts with Viral Ubiquitin and AC66 To Facilitate Nucleocapsid Egress. (ubc.ca)

This kind of science is broadly called epigenetics- the study of functional changes in the regulation of gene activity and expression that are not dependent on the gene sequence. (nih.gov)
functional similarity of gene products. (nih.gov)
functional assessment of gene products, including gene measuring similarity (including a distance-based approach) were expression cluster interpretation [2]. (nih.gov)
7 However, the functional significance and epigenetic regulations of BMP signaling pathway involved in the FGC development remain largely unknown. (nature.com)
Definition of Alternative Splice Expression in HPV-related oropharyngeal cancer includes a novel functional splice variant of AKT3. (umaryland.edu)
Owing to these new data, we are now interested in the functional impacts of such NF-kB-induced splicing regulation in inflammation and cell transformation, more particularly by exploring the distinct roles of canonical and non-canonical NF-kB signalling pathways. (ens-lyon.fr)
This body of work focuses on three main areas of the HPV31 life cycle: 1) the functional roles of the alpha-helical binding domain and the nuclear localization sequences of E6, 2) the regulation of the early and late promoters by histone modifications and transcription factor binding, and 3) the activation of late gene expression. (northwestern.edu)

This collection of substantial articles will summarize the essential information on the role of cytokines in viral infections. (mdpi.com)

The long-term goal is to develop a series of therapeutic approaches to control viral or cellular gene expression for cancer or AIDS treatments and to identify biomarkers for clinical diagnosis and prognosis. (cancer.gov)
These include viral and nonviral methods of gene delivery, transgenic approaches, strategies for the regulation of transgene expression, and modification of the host response. (cshlpress.com)

I further observed differential binding of transcription factors to the promoters, suggesting these factors in the regulation of late gene expression. (northwestern.edu)

The binding of Rex protein to a sequence at the 3' end of viral mRNA, known as the Rex response element (RxRE) leads to removal of posttranscriptional repression. (open.ac.uk)

The outer protein protective shell of a virus, which protects the viral nucleic acid. (lookformedical.com)

By using the CsIV vankyrin gene family, protein production in the vankyrin-enhanced BEVS (VE-BEVS) was increased by a factor of 4- to 15-fold by either coexpressing the vankyrin protein from a dual BEVS or by providing its activity in trans by expressing the vankyrin protein from a stably transformed cell line. (nih.gov)
The nature of alterations in gene expression during EC cell differentiation is reviewed from the perspective of evaluating whether these changes are likely to be responsible for, or a result of, the differentiation event. (nih.gov)
This grant allows them to combine efforts in developing a system to study HCMV in cell types important to viral persistence. (pewtrusts.org)
We established several transformed rat kidney cell lines and characterized them with respect to the transformed phenotype and the structure of the integrated viral DNA. (mcmaster.ca)
Even in such cases, however, if the gene in question should normally only be active in limited cell populations and in response to particular cellular stimuli, additional hurdles have to be surmounted to get the supplemental "good" gene and its regulatory sequences into the appropriate cell type. (mlo-online.com)
Human retroviruses exert a high level of control over their own gene expression as well as that of their host cell. (open.ac.uk)
In the human T cell leukaemia virus type 1 (HTLV-I) retrovirus, the regulatory gene is known as rex . (open.ac.uk)
LVVs are also highly efficient at transducing a wide range of cell types and can have a large carrying capacity relative to adeno-associated virus (AAV), allowing the delivery of larger or multiple therapeutic genes. (biopharminternational.com)
Thus, pp65 is a ligand for the NKp30 receptor and demonstrates a unique mechanism by which an intracellular viral protein causes general suppression of natural killer cell cytotoxicity by specific interaction with an activating receptor. (ox.ac.uk)

Viral Interplay with the Host Sumoylation System. (tamu.edu)

Among the functions of nuclear speckles is regulation of key steps in gene expression, which are usurped by influenza virus at these compartments to support viral replication,' Fontoura explained. (labroots.com)

The most important pathway in influenza virus detection is a retinoic acid-inducible gene I pathway, which recognizes the 5'-triphosphate in viral RNA. (helsinki.fi)
The aim of this study was evaluating the effect of NS1 of five different avian influenza strains and one seasonal influenza strain on activation of type I and III interferon gene promoters. (helsinki.fi)

As we begin the sixth year of "The Primer" series, we're going to take a detour out of molecular diagnostics for this month's installment and cross into the realm of gene therapy. (mlo-online.com)
As the tools and methods used to conduct gene therapy become further refined, the number of therapies will slowly increase, and molecular laboratorians will of necessity become involved in aspects such as monitoring treatment success. (mlo-online.com)

CpG island analysis using online and offline tools revealed that the gene body had fewer CpG islands as compared with the promoter regions. (researchsquare.com)

Another part of the course will be focused on the utilization of gene therapy in oncology and the description of main anti-tumor therapeutic procedures. (cuni.cz)

In silico analysis of mercury resistance genes extracted from Pseudomonas spp. (researchsquare.com)

Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) reactivation involves the ordered induction of approximately 90 viral genes that participate in the generation of infectious virions. (nih.gov)
Based on previous cellular long noncoding RNA size calculations, we estimate that there are likely hundreds more EBV genes expressed during reactivation than was previously known. (nih.gov)

By studying how herpesviruses interface with these gene expression pathways, we hope to uncover conserved stress responses and new connections between seemingly distal components of the gene expression cascade. (nih.gov)
What pathways are this gene/protein implicaed in? (cancerindex.org)

Additional reporter studies showed sequences within the URR are necessary for the activation of late expression. (northwestern.edu)

Herpesviruses, which are among the most successful human pathogens, have evolved to escape this repression and maintain robust viral transcription. (nih.gov)

More specifically, when cytosine is mixed with the simple alcohol methanol (and is therefore methylated) the DNA maintains the same genomic sequence, but the expression of methylated genes can be altered. (nih.gov)

Our experimental results provide the basis for the model proposed here for the regulation of the HIV-1 protease in the viral replication cycle. (nih.gov)
Nucleotide sequence and expression of kerA, the gene encoding a keratinolytic protease of Bacillus licheniformis PWD-1. (ncsu.edu)

Anatomy23

Organisms16

Diseases4

Chemicals and Drugs65

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment32

Phenomena and Processes99

Disciplines and Occupations4

Information Science8

Health Care3

Genome15

Proteins12

Transcriptional regulation8

Virology6

Infection17

Pathogenesis1

Vectors6

Mechanisms6

Genetic5

Chromatin10

Viruses6

Oncogenic2

Regulates1

Innate3

Interactions3

Diseases2

Transcripts6

Cells17

Oncogenes2

Protein expression5

Structural3

Regulatory genes1

Genetics1

Genomics1

20184

Functional7

Infections1

Approaches2

Transcription factors1

MRNA1

Nucleic1

Cell9

Interplay1

Support viral1

Influenza2

Molecular2

Promoter Regions1

Therapeutic1

Pseudomonas1

Reactivation2

Pathways2

Reporter1

Pathogens1

Cytosine1

Protease2