Many transforming infections by DNA tumor viruses are also cytocidal. (wikipedia.org)
Infections5
In productive infections, additional infectious viruses are produced. (wikipedia.org)
Abortive infections do not produce infectious viruses. (wikipedia.org)
There are three types of persistent infections, latent, chronic and slow, in which the virus stays inside the host cell for prolonged periods of time. (wikipedia.org)
During latent infections there is minimal to no expression of infected viral genome. (wikipedia.org)
Chronic infections have similar cellular effects as acute cytocidal infections but there is a limited number of progeny and viruses involved in transformation. (wikipedia.org)
Human1
Natural transformations can include viral cancers, such as human papillomavirus (HPV) and T-cell Leukemia virus type I. Hepatitis B and C are also the result of natural viral transformation of the host cells. (wikipedia.org)
Proteins1
Biochemically, many viruses inhibit the synthesis of host DNA, RNA, proteins directly or even interfere with protein-protein, DNA-protein, RNA-protein interactions at the subcellular level. (wikipedia.org)
Cell7
Subsequently, inadequate regulation of cell proliferation and defective oncogene and/or suppressor gene expression promote the transition from preneoplastic conditions to neoplasia. (medscape.com)
Through this process, a virus causes harmful transformations of an in vivo cell or cell culture. (wikipedia.org)
This infection causes a host cell to become malignant and can be either cytocidal (usually in the case of RNA viruses) or persistent (usually in the case of DNA viruses). (wikipedia.org)
Lastly, biologic effects include the viruses' ability to affect the activity of antigens and immunologlobulins in the host cell. (wikipedia.org)
The genome remains within the host cell until the virus is ready for replication. (wikipedia.org)
In order for a cell to be transformed by a virus, the viral DNA must be entered into the host cell. (wikipedia.org)
The majority of mantle-cell lymphomas are associated with a t(11;14) translocation resulting in overexpression of the CYCLIN D1 gene (GENES, BCL-1). (lookformedical.com)
Persistent1
Here, we find that persistent mtDNA stress is not associated with basally activated NF-κB signalling or interferon gene expression typical of an acute antiviral response. (regenerativemedicine.net)
Immunodeficiency1
Primary immunodeficiency (PI) diseases are a group of primarily single-gene disorders of the immune system. (cdc.gov)
Viral7
Those experimental studies focused on repairs of exogenously introduced damage in cellular DNA in the context of single viral protein expression (Becker et al. (springer.com)
Natural transformations can include viral cancers, such as human papillomavirus (HPV) and T-cell Leukemia virus type I. Hepatitis B and C are also the result of natural viral transformation of the host cells. (wikipedia.org)
During latent infections there is minimal to no expression of infected viral genome. (wikipedia.org)
In order for a cell to be transformed by a virus, the viral DNA must be entered into the host cell. (wikipedia.org)
These viral vector systems have relied upon the molecular machinery of the virus, evolved over time to surmount the significant problems facing a virus in attempting to invade, i.e., infect a cell. (justia.com)
Despite the efficiency of such viral vectors, however, there has been continued concern regarding the safety of using viruses, particularly from the standpoint of undesired side effects. (justia.com)
Thus, there has been an ongoing effort to develop non-viral gene delivery systems that are as efficient as viral vectors, but with an improved safety profile. (justia.com)
Cells7
The control aspects of the five DNA repair mechanisms in virus-infected cells have not been well characterized. (springer.com)
28, 1994 and entitled "Multifunctional molecular complexes for gene transfer to cells" which is incorporated herein by reference. (justia.com)
The transfer of genetic material into cells is the basis of a number of processes now widely accepted in the areas of molecular biology, gene therapy and genetic immunization. (justia.com)
Genetic material has also been transferred into cells to introduce proteins that are absent due to an inherent genetic flaw in the cell that expresses an inactive protein or else prevents expression of the protein altogether. (justia.com)
The transfer of genetic material into cells can be used to prevent the expression of proteins in those cells through the well-known antisense effect of complementary DNA or RNA strands. (justia.com)
We demonstrated that MCs can be loaded into shed microvesicles with greater efficiency than their parental plasmid counterparts and that microvesicle-mediated MC delivery led to significantly higher and more prolonged transgene expression in recipient cells than microvesicles loaded with the parental plasmid. (regenerativemedicine.net)
Microvesicles loaded with MCs encoding a thymidine kinase (TK)/nitroreductase (NTR) fusion protein produced prolonged TK-NTR expression in mammary carcinoma cells. (regenerativemedicine.net)
Include2
The viruses that induce cellular DNA damage include members of the herpesvirus group, adenovirus, mumps-virus, measles-virus, rubella-virus, poliovirus and papilloma-virus (Fortunato et al. (springer.com)
In particular, the present invention relates to nonviral gene carriers comprising multifunctional molecular conjugates which include, inter alia, lipopolyamines of a particular configuration, a component which promotes endosome disruption, and a receptor specific binding component. (justia.com)
Transfer1
The ultimate usefulness of gene transfer techniques is of enormous potential benefit in a number of areas. (justia.com)