Gene encoding heterochromatin protein. Medical search. Frequent questions

This gene plays an important role in the formation of the senescence-associated heterochromatin foci. (antibodies-online.com)
Required for the formation of senescence-associated heterochromatin foci (SAHF) and efficient senescence-associated cell cycle exit. (nih.gov)
In individual cells, the forming of senescence-associated heterochromatin foci depends upon HIRA (39). (mycareerpeer.com)

TTC expansion mutation is to reduce expression of frataxin at the level of transcription ( 3 ), through the formation of heterochromatin and subsequent gene silencing ( 4 - 8 ). (frontiersin.org)
This gene encodes a subunit of several, distinct complexes involved in the repression or activation of transcription. (abnova.com)
The encoded protein can independently repress transcription and is targeted to replication foci throughout S phase by interacting directly with the N-terminus of DNA methyltransferase 1. (abnova.com)
These proteins have been shown to play important roles in cell differentiation and organ development, and in regulating viral replication and transcription. (embl.de)
The KRAB domain is a protein-protein interaction module which represses transcription through recruiting corepressors. (embl.de)
A key mechanism appears to be the following: KRAB-AFPs tethered to DNA recruit, via their KRAB domain, the repressor KAP1 (KRAB-associated protein-1, also known as transcription intermediary factor 1 beta, KRAB-A interacting protein and tripartite motif protein 28). (embl.de)
A hallmark of events observed during segmentation was the induction of multiple transcription factors, including a large group of homeobox proteins in pace with decay of a large fraction of maternal transcripts. (biomedcentral.com)
Animations provided deal with topics such as protein purification, transcription, splicing reactions, cell division and DNA replication and SDS-PAGE. (vet-ebooks.com)
The active, hypophosphorylated form of the protein binds transcription factor E2F1. (transcriptionfactor.org)
The encoded protein is involved in transcription regulation and chromatin remodeling. (transcriptionfactor.org)
While HP1a binds large domains in heterochromatin, it also shows binding to active transcription start sites, where it is generally found in the company of HP1B and/or HP1C. (uab.edu)
Comparative analysis of the binding of the two proteins shows that TRX and PC bind target sequences (PcG-regulated elements, PREs) by cellular blastoderm, when BX-C transcription begins. (edu.sa)
Our work uncovers a previously unidentified role for 3'-end processing and transcription termination machinery in gene silencing. (genscript.com)
Title: Conserved factor Dhp1/Rat1/Xrn2 triggers premature transcription termination and nucleates heterochromatin to promote gene silencing. (genscript.com)
The recruitment of Horsepower1a helps prevent transcription by favoring a shut heterochromatin-like structure. (researchdataservice.com)
The variant histone H2A.Z regulates gene transcription, and deletion of the gene encoding H2A.Z strongly increases the requirement for SNF/SWI and SAGA. (sdbonline.org)
The conserved family of Transcription Intermediary Factors (TIF1) proteins consists of key transcriptional regulators that control transcription of target genes by modulating chromatin state. (elifesciences.org)
Required for the periodic repression of histone gene transcription during the cell cycle. (nih.gov)
Single or double DNA methyltransferase mutants did not show altered development, virulence, or transcription of genes or TEs. (biomedcentral.com)
As these adaptive genomic regions are largely devoid of DNA methylation and of Hp1- and Dim5-associated heterochromatin, the differential transcription is likely caused by pleiotropic effects rather than by differential DNA methylation. (biomedcentral.com)
These proteins are transcription factors, which means they attach (bind) to specific regions of DNA and help control the activity of particular genes. (medlineplus.gov)
The common thread of this group is their conviction that chromatin - with its dynamic regulation and virtually limitless epigenetic complexity - significantly impacts gene transcription and DNA repair in cancer cells, thereby promoting cellular proliferation, invasiveness and metastasis characteristic of the malignant state. (lsuhs.edu)
Mutually exclusive transcription of the 60 var genes (encoding PfEMP1) and switching to formerly silenced variants results in antigenic variation and allows the parasite to efficiently evade host immune responses and to establish chronic infection. (unibas.ch)
In keeping with its repressive function in transcription, HIRA features in heterochromatin set up and silencing also. (mycareerpeer.com)
Mutations in the budding fungus genes display solid synthetic flaws or lethality when coupled with mutations in the genes encoding the transcription elongation aspect FACT elements (42). (mycareerpeer.com)
that is, abundant transcription and translation to produce the gene products. (biology-pages.info)
gray bands of euchromatin where the DNA is more loosely compacted and there is active gene transcription. (biology-pages.info)
This is just what one would predict if the puffs represent regions of intense gene transcription. (biology-pages.info)

Multiple mutations affecting embryonic development have been induced by chemical and insertional mutagenesis resulting in the identification of genes with important roles in development in Drosophila [ 23 - 25 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
My lab uses the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster as a model system to investigate epigenetic systems and their influence on development and gene regulation. (uab.edu)
Based on this domain structure, four additional HP1 family proteins have been identified in Drosophila melanogaster. (uab.edu)
and Elgin, Sarah C.R., "Drosophila RISC component VIG and its homolog Vig2 impact heterochromatin formation" (2009). (wustl.edu)
Functional mammalian homologues of the Drosophila PEV-modifier Su(var)3-9 encode centromere-associated proteins which complex with the heterochromatin component M31. (embl-heidelberg.de)
Unlike mammals that have four TIF1 members, Drosophila only encodes one member of the family, Bonus. (elifesciences.org)
In vertebrates this subfamily contains four proteins: TIF1α/TRIM24, TIF1β/TRIM28, TIF1γ/TRIM33, and TIF1δ/TRIM66, while only one protein, Bonus (Bon), is present in Drosophila , making it an attractive model to understand the conserved functions of TIF1 proteins. (elifesciences.org)
Gene Model Annotations for Drosophila melanogaster: Impact of High-Throughput Data. (genscript.com)
Gene Model Annotations for Drosophila melanogaster: The Rule-Benders. (genscript.com)
Sequence finishing and mapping of Drosophila melanogaster heterochromatin. (genscript.com)
The Release 5.1 annotation of Drosophila melanogaster heterochromatin. (genscript.com)
By coimmunofluorescence, ATRX localizes with a mouse homologue of the Drosophila heterochromatic protein HP1 in vivo , consistent with a previous two-hybrid screen identifying this interaction. (ox.ac.uk)

This gene encodes a protein with two coiled-coil domains that localizes to kinetochores, which are chromosome-associated structures that attach to microtubules and mediate chromosome movements during cell division. (wikipedia.org)
Inner nuclear membrane proteins interact with chromosomes in the nucleus and are important for chromosome activity. (nih.gov)
Here, the chromosome is rich in genes, and the DNA encodes for protein. (drishtiias.com)
Silencing inactivates chromosome domains that contain key regulatory genes by packaging them into a specialized chromatin structure that is inaccessible to DNA-binding proteins (14 32 Several genes are required for silencing including the gene which encodes heterochromatin protein 1a (Horsepower1a) (19). (researchdataservice.com)
Swr1 is required for the deposition of histone H2AZ at specific chromosome locations in vivo, and Swr1 and H2AZ commonly regulate a subset of yeast genes. (sdbonline.org)
Recent studies have revealed that variants of histone H2A and histone H3 play important roles not only in gene expression but also in the repair of DNA breaks and the assembly of chromosome centromeres. (sdbonline.org)
Variants in the SMCHD1 gene on chromosome 18, which encodes a protein known as structural maintenance of chromosomes flexible hinge domain containing 1, have been associated with FSHD2. (arkansasbluecross.com)
It is believed that this specialised environment at chromosome ends generates a structural framework for the epigenetic control of var gene expression. (unibas.ch)
During my PhD thesis, I tackled chromosome end biology from three different angles to improve our understanding of how virulence gene expression is regulated and how genome integrity is preserved. (unibas.ch)
In a second project I aimed at the functional characterisation of the chromosome-end associated protein PfSIP2, which was shown to specifically interact with SPE2 elements in subtelomeric regions. (unibas.ch)
Genome-wide mapping by ChIP-Seq experiments not only confirmed that PfTRF indeed binds to all chromosome termini in vivo, but as well revealed an unexpected second binding hotspot at telomere repeat-like sequences found in subtelomeric var gene promoters. (unibas.ch)
Heterochromatin-mediated silencing of these loci prevents aberrant chromosomal rearrangements and constitutes a platform for recruiting factors responsible for faithful chromosome segregation. (dundee.ac.uk)
One of the FSHD genes has been localized to chromosome band 4q35, but the gene or genes that are affected in FSHD are still unknown. (medscape.com)
In this study, we show that a reduction in the levels of the JIL-1 histone H3S10 kinase results in the spreading of the major heterochromatin markers dimethyl H3K9 and HP1 to ectopic locations on the chromosome arms, with the most pronounced increase on the X chromosomes. (silverchair.com)

In the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe genes embedded in histone H3 lysine 9 methylation (H3K9me) heterochromatin, deposited by the sole H3K9- methyltransferase Clr4, are transcriptionally silenced. (ed.ac.uk)
Histone lysine methylation is part of the histone code that regulated chromatin function and epigenetic control of gene function. (embl-heidelberg.de)
Horsepower1a has been proven to bind to methylated histone H3 lysine 9 (H3K9) also to KX2-391 recruit H3K9 methyltransferase to chromatin (1 24 41 This sequential procedure can be considered to mediate the growing of H3K9 methylation and the forming of heterochromatin. (researchdataservice.com)
In htz1Delta cells, Sir2 and Sir3 spread into flanking euchromatic regions, producing changes in histone H4 acetylation and H3 4-methylation indicative of ectopic heterochromatin formation. (sdbonline.org)
2009). Mutation from the gene encoding histone H3 acetyltransferase, Improved DNA METHYLATION 1 (IDM1), in Arabidopsis also outcomes in elevated levels of cytosine methylation (Qian et al. (pi4kinhibitor.com)
2008). Several lines of evidence support that molecular coupling of DNA methylation and histone modification may well be partially mediated through methylcytosine-binding proteins. (pi4kinhibitor.com)
2008). Arabidopsis homologs of UHRF1, the VARIANT IN METHYLATION/ORTHRUS (VIM/ORTH) household proteins, also function as methylcytosine-binding proteins (Johnson et al. (pi4kinhibitor.com)
2007). The VIM proteins are involved inside the regulation of DNA methylation and epigenetic gene silencing at heterochromatic regions (Woo et al. (pi4kinhibitor.com)
Patients with FSHD2 show loss of DNA methylation and heterochromatin markers at the D4Z4 repeat that are similar to patients with D4Z4 contractions (FSHD1), suggesting that a change in D4Z4 chromatin structure unifies FSHD1 and FSHD2. (arkansasbluecross.com)
In contrast, Hp1 and Dim5 mutants that are impacted in chromatin-associated processes upstream of DNA methylation are severely affected in development and virulence and display transcriptional reprogramming in specific hypervariable genomic regions (so-called adaptive genomic regions) that contain genes associated with host colonization. (biomedcentral.com)
Dim2 operates in a complex with Heterochromatin Protein-1 (Hp1) that recognizes and directs DNA methylation to genomic regions marked by tri-methylation of histone 3 lysine 9 (H3K9me3) that is deposited by the histone methyltransferase Deficient In Methylation-5 (Dim5) [ 11 , 12 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Mutations in ATRX, encoding a SWI/SNF-like protein, cause diverse changes in the pattern of DNA methylation. (ox.ac.uk)
Our findings provide a potential link between the processes of chromatin remodelling, DNA methylation and gene expression in mammalian development. (ox.ac.uk)
Patients with FSHD and no contraction of D4Z4 repeats may show loss of DNA methylation and heterochromatin markers of D4Z4 repeat. (medscape.com)

Both genes are involved in transcriptional repression and we speculate their involvement in FXN gene silencing. (frontiersin.org)
The functions currently known for members of the KRAB-containing protein family include transcriptional repression of RNA polymerase I, II and III promoters, binding and splicing of RNA, and control of nucleolus function. (embl.de)
The KAP1/ KRAB-AFP complex in turn recruits the heterochromatin protein 1 (HP1) family, and other chromatin modulating proteins, leading to transcriptional repression through heterochromatin formation. (embl.de)
Repression of transcriptional activity by heterologous KRAB domains present in zinc finger proteins. (embl.de)
Two genes whose heterochromatin mediated repression results in resistance phenotype encode mitochondrial proteins: ppr4+, which encodes Ppr4 the translation regulator of [cox1+] and cup1+, which encodes LYR-domain protein Cup1. (ed.ac.uk)
Chromatin-dependent gene regulation is demonstrated by the potential of human SUV39H1 to increase repression of the pericentromeric white marker gene in transgenic flies. (embl-heidelberg.de)
Therefore for the very first time we display that Horsepower1a plays a primary part in the repression of the developmentally regulated gene eye development. (researchdataservice.com)
For example, a human methyl CG-binding protein two (MeCP2) is in a position to recruit histone deacetylases towards the methylated region as well as associates with histone methyltransferase activity, each of which lead to transcriptional repression (Jones et al. (pi4kinhibitor.com)
Together, our work identified Bonus as a regulator of tissue-specific gene expression and revealed the importance of SUMOylation as a regulator of complex formation in the context of transcriptional repression. (elifesciences.org)

Mutations of LEM-domain proteins are associated with laminopathy, but their cellular functions remain unclear. (nih.gov)
A combination of mutations in Lem2 and Bqt4, which encodes a nuclear membrane protein that anchors telomeres to the nuclear membrane, caused synthetic lethality. (nih.gov)
Protein null mutations vig(EP812) and vig2(PL470) act as modifiers of Position Effect Variegation (PEV). (wustl.edu)
Our patient had MDS with pathogenic mutations of the RUNX1 , SRSF2 , ASXL1 , and TET2 genes and developed 1q JTs at the time of progression from MDS to AML. (biomedcentral.com)
Here, we describe a patient with AML that progressed from a myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) with pathogenic mutations of the RUNX1 , SRSF2 , ASXL1 , and TET2 genes in association with development of 1q JTs, which supports that the formation of 1q JTs may involve multiple stages and that 1q JTs may represent a very high-risk cytogenetic abnormality with transformation to AML. (biomedcentral.com)
Mutations in the hATRX gene cause severe syndromal mental retardation associated with α-thalassemia. (ox.ac.uk)
The unexpected association of a putative transcriptional regulator with highly repetitive DNA provides a potential explanation for the variability in phenotype of patients with identical mutations in the ATRX gene. (ox.ac.uk)
At least 75 mutations in the SALL1 gene have been identified in people with Townes-Brocks syndrome, which is typically characterized by a malformation of the anal opening (imperforate anus), abnormally shaped ears, and hand malformations. (medlineplus.gov)
Most SALL1 gene mutations involved in this disorder lead to the production of an abnormally short version of the SALL1 protein that malfunctions within cells. (medlineplus.gov)
Some studies suggest that mutations that reduce the amount of SALL1 protein are responsible for milder cases of Townes-Brocks syndrome, and mutations that result in an abnormally short, malfunctioning SALL1 protein underlie the more severe cases of the condition. (medlineplus.gov)
Furthermore, the presence of H3F3A/ATRX-DAXX/TP53 mutations was strongly associated with alternative lengthening of telomeres and specific gene expression profiles. (mtak.hu)
Gueneau L, Bertrand AT, Jais JP, Salih MA, Stojkovic T, Wehnert M. Mutations of the FHL1 gene cause Emery-Dreifuss muscular dystrophy. (medscape.com)
Four and a half LIM protein 1 gene mutations cause four distinct human myopathies: a comprehensive review of the clinical, histological and pathological features. (medscape.com)

Kinetochore-associated protein NSL1 homolog is a protein that in humans is encoded by the NSL1 gene. (wikipedia.org)
Here we present results from a study of the D. melanogaster gene vig, encoding an RNAi complex component and its homolog vig2 (CG11844) that support their involvement in heterochromatin formation and/or maintenance. (wustl.edu)
8] Kotake T, Takada S, Nakahigashi K, Ohto M, Goto K. Atabidopsis TERMINAL FLOWER 2 gene encodes a heterochromatin protein 1 homolog and represses both FLOWERING LOCUS to regulate flowering time and several floral homeotic genes. (chinacrops.org)

Silencing of genes inserted near telomeres provides a model to investigate the function of heterochromatin. (biomedcentral.com)
Microarray analysis revealed that HTZ1-activated genes cluster near telomeres. (sdbonline.org)
Heterochromatin is a repressive form of chromatin found at repetitive sequences such as centromeres, telomeres and transposons. (dundee.ac.uk)

These genetic interactions imply that Lem2 cooperates with the nuclear membrane protein network to regulate genome stability. (nih.gov)
Recently, several chromatin-related proteins have been shown to regulate ESC pluripotency and/or differentiation, yet the role of the major heterochromatin proteins in pluripotency is unknown. (biomedcentral.com)
The protein encoded by this gene binds high density lipoprotein (HDL) and may function to regulate excess cholesterol levels in cells. (empiregenomics.com)
This phenomenon, called 'telomeric silencing', or 'telomere position effect' (TPE), was initially discovered and studied using transgenes but it also appears to regulate endogenous subtelomeric genes [ 6 - 8 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Fig. 1: HMGA proteins regulate NAMPT expression. (nature.com)
ATRX is a member of the SNF2 family of helicase/ATPases that is thought to regulate gene expression via an effect on chromatin structure and/or function. (ox.ac.uk)
This interference prevents the normal proteins from entering the nucleus to regulate gene activity. (medlineplus.gov)
The N-terminal and C-terminal halves of poultry regulate different pieces of cell-cycle-related genes favorably and adversely HIRA, respectively (41). (mycareerpeer.com)

The encoded protein also binds RNA and can induce heterochromatin formation. (empiregenomics.com)
This gene encodes a DNA binding protein that specifically binds nuclear matrix attachment regions. (transcriptionfactor.org)
In addition to its association with heterochromatin, at metaphase ATRX clearly binds to the short arms of human acrocentric chromosomes, where the arrays of ribosomal DNA are located. (ox.ac.uk)
Intriguingly, this protein appears to be evolutionary distinct from TRFs in other eukaryotes as it binds to telomere repeat DNA via a C-terminal C2H2-type zinc finger domain instead of a MYB domain. (unibas.ch)

In contrast, this reorganization of heterochromatin was mostly absent in the double mutant, which even under normal conditions exhibited lower H3T3ph levels in pericentromeric regions, and a few transposons and repeat sequences showed modest transcriptional activation. (nih.gov)
Using indirect immunofluorescence and confocal microscopy we have shown that ATRX protein is associated with pericentromeric heterochromatin during interphase and mitosis. (ox.ac.uk)
We have recently shown that ATRX is localized to pericentromeric heterochromatin during interphase and mitosis, suggesting that ATRX might exert other chromatin-mediated effects in the nucleus. (ox.ac.uk)

Several related pseudogenes are located on chromosomes 1, 3, and X. Multiple alternatively spliced variants, encoding the same protein, have been identified. (thermofisher.cn)
We show that Eyg colocalizes with HP1a to heterochromatin regions on polytene chromosomes. (researchdataservice.com)

Histone post-translational modifications near the expanded repeats are consistent with heterochromatin formation and consequent FXN gene silencing. (frontiersin.org)
KRAB (Kruppel-associated box) is an evolutionarily conserved protein domain found N-terminally with respect to the zinc finger repeats that encodes the DNA binding domain. (embl.de)
However, despite these changes in heterochromatin, transposons and repeats remained largely transcriptionally repressed. (nih.gov)
Employing genetic and molecular approaches, I discovered that Mkt1 is involved in de novo heterochromatin formation at centromeric repeats and at the mating-type locus. (dundee.ac.uk)

The encoded protein also stabilizes constitutive heterochromatin to maintain the overall chromatin structure. (transcriptionfactor.org)

During late S phase, histone deacetylase 2 is added to this complex, providing a means to deacetylate histones in transcriptionally inactive heterochromatin following replication. (abnova.com)
Orthologs of this gene in yeast, flies, and plants are necessary for the formation of transcriptionally silent heterochomatin. (antibodies-online.com)
Characteristically, these regions are transcriptionally inert and demarcated by the repressive histone mark H3K9me3 and the evolutionary conserved silencing factor P. falciparum heterochromatin protein 1 (PfHP1). (unibas.ch)
In higher eukaryotes, HIRA is normally mixed up in incorporation of H3.3 variant histones into transcriptionally energetic genes (33, 43, 44). (mycareerpeer.com)

Evidence supporting the direct control of the cell cycle by Pc-G proteins in vertebrates came from studies on mouse Bmi1 mutants. (plos.org)
In this thesis, in order to investigate the mechanism by which silencing of genes under the heterochromatin islands results in resistance, I employed genetic mutants that phenocopy specific epimutants. (ed.ac.uk)
Mutants of these genes display mitochondrial dysfunction and increased reactive oxygen species. (ed.ac.uk)
DNase I level MLNR of sensitivity assays indicated that enhancer area has a shut heterochromatin-like conformation which turns into open up in mutants. (researchdataservice.com)
Mutants of Sir1p were generated that are recruited to the silencer but are unable to silence, and these mutants were used to identify four proteins, Sir3p, Sir4p, Esc2p, and Htz1p, that when overexpressed, restored silencing. (sdbonline.org)
2) In order to identify novel factors involved in the initial phases of heterochromatin assembly, I analysed a set of candidate mutants previously identified in a sensitised genome-wide trans-silencing screen. (dundee.ac.uk)

TAS appear cytologically condensed (that is, heterochromatic) [ 5 ] and confer silencing on nearby genes, apparently because of spreading of silent heterochromatin. (biomedcentral.com)
The conserved histone variant H2AZ has an important role in the regulation of gene expression and the establishment of a buffer to the spread of silent heterochromatin. (sdbonline.org)

The encoded protein is part of a conserved protein complex that includes two chromodomain-containing proteins and a component of the outer plate of the kinetochore. (wikipedia.org)

Regulation of gene expression plays a central role in embryonic development. (biomedcentral.com)
My research focuses on understanding the mechanisms establishing and regulating epigenetic information, and how epigenetic systems ultimately contribute to gene regulation, disease, and other phenotypes. (uab.edu)
These epigenetic systems play vital roles in gene regulation, and defects in epigenetic regulation have been implicated in a variety of human diseases including cancer. (uab.edu)
We are using molecular genetics and genomics approaches to understand the relationship between HP1a, HP1B, and HP1C, and their effect on gene regulation. (uab.edu)
Heterochromatin formation plays an important role in gene regulation and the maintenance of genome integrity. (wustl.edu)
Epigenetic regulation of gene expression is an essential mechanism that guides cell differentiation during development. (elifesciences.org)
A shortage of functioning SALL1 protein, due to either type of mutation, likely impairs the regulation of genes that direct the development of many different organs and tissues before birth. (medlineplus.gov)
This group studies the mechanism and regulation of protein synthesis in eukaryotic cells, with particular emphasis on how dysregulation of protein synthesis can lead to malignant transformation and progression to more aggressive forms of cell growth and invasion. (lsuhs.edu)
A comprehensive characterisation of PfTRF using a conditional loss-of-function mutant identified essential roles for this protein in mitotic cell cycle progression and telomere length regulation. (unibas.ch)
Higher order chromatin structure is important for epigenetic regulation and control of gene activation and silencing. (silverchair.com)

Immunodetection of endogenous Suv39h1/SUV39H1 proteins in a variety of mammalian cell lines reveals enriched distribution at heterochromatic foci during interphase and centromere-specific localization during metaphase. (embl-heidelberg.de)

The INK4/ARF locus encodes three tumor suppressor genes (p15 Ink4b , Arf and p16 Ink4a ) and is frequently inactivated in a large number of human cancers. (plos.org)
Finally, we demonstrate that Polycomb proteins and associated epigenetic marks are crucial for the control of the replication timing of the INK4a/ARF locus during senescence. (plos.org)
Our results suggest that in young cells Polycomb proteins are recruited to the INK4/ARF locus through CDC6 and the resulting silent locus is replicated during late S-phase. (plos.org)
Upon senescence, Jmjd3 is overexpressed and the MLL1 protein is recruited to the locus provoking the dissociation of Polycomb from the INK4/ARF locus, its transcriptional activation and its replication during early S-phase. (plos.org)
This locus encodes both p16 INK4a , which prevents inactivation of the tumor suppressor RB, and p19 ARF , which stabilizes the tumor suppressor p53 [7] , [8] . (plos.org)
Silencing at mating locus HMR requires silencers, and one of the roles of the silencer is to recruit Sir proteins. (sdbonline.org)
Other Htz1-activated genes flank the silent HMR mating-type locus. (sdbonline.org)
2012), and in regulating locus-directed heterochromatin silencing in cooperation with HISTONE DEACETYLASE 6 (HDA6) (To et al. (pi4kinhibitor.com)

Centromeric heterochromatin formation was augmented upon transfer to the rich medium in wild-type cells. (nih.gov)
This augmentation of heterochromatin formation was impaired in lem2∆ cells. (nih.gov)
These small RNAs, which include microRNA (miRNA) and several classes of small interfering RNAs (siRNA), play important roles in regulating gene expression, heterochromatin formation, and defense against invading viruses. (ttu.edu)
The oocyte is loaded with maternal mRNAs and proteins that control the cell maintenance and fate and the formation of the body plan prior to the onset of zygotic genome expression [ 3 , 4 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
In UR isolates, genes conferring caffeine susceptibility are silenced via the formation of heterochromatin islands, without any alteration of the underlying DNA sequence. (ed.ac.uk)
DUX4 is a double homeobox-containing gene (a homeobox gene being one in a large family of genes that direct the formation of many body structures during early embryonic development). (arkansasbluecross.com)
The SALL1 gene is part of a group of related genes that provide instructions for making proteins involved in the formation of tissues and organs before birth. (medlineplus.gov)
For example, some research indicates that the abnormally short SALL1 protein interferes with proteins that control the formation of cellular structures called cilia. (medlineplus.gov)
Studies in various organisms suggest that heterochromatin formation can be targeted by RNA interference (RNAi), a conserved regulatory mechanism mediated by small RNAs. (dundee.ac.uk)
In this work, I explored two fundamental aspects of the pathway: 1) the physical connection between the RNAi and chromatin-modifying enzymes, and 2) the requirements for de novo heterochromatin formation. (dundee.ac.uk)
Genetic interaction assays demonstrated that JIL-1 functions in vivo in a pathway that includes Su(var)3-9 , which is a major catalyst for dimethylation of the histone H3K9 residue, HP1 recruitment, and the formation of silenced heterochromatin. (silverchair.com)

Moreover, we show that the Polycomb protein BMI1 interacts with CDC6, an essential regulator of DNA replication in eukaryotic cells. (plos.org)
The protein encoded by this gene is a negative regulator of the cell cycle and was the first tumor suppressor gene found. (transcriptionfactor.org)
HIRA proteins were first recognized in the budding candida as a poor regulator of histone gene appearance (25, 35). (mycareerpeer.com)

dim-5 , which encodes a histone H3 K9 methyltransferase and hpo , which encodes heterochromatin protein-1. (biomedcentral.com)
Dhp1 interacts with the Clr4/Suv39h methyltransferase complex and acts directly to nucleate heterochromatin. (genscript.com)

The euchromatin contained more genes that were simpler to sequence with the tools available at the time. (drishtiias.com)
Boundary elements hinder the spread of heterochromatin, yet these sites do not fully account for the preservation of adjacent euchromatin. (sdbonline.org)
Thus, euchromatin and heterochromatin each contains components that antagonize switching to the opposite chromatin state (Meneghini, 2003). (sdbonline.org)

TTC triplet in the first intron of the FXN gene, encoding the essential mitochondrial protein frataxin. (frontiersin.org)
TTC triplet repeat expansion in an intron of the nuclear FXN gene, which encodes the essential mitochondrial protein frataxin ( 1 ). (frontiersin.org)

2004) Evolution of microRNA genes by inverted duplication of target gene sequences in Arabidopsis thaliana . (ttu.edu)
The following dhp1 gene cDNA ORF clone sequences were retrieved from the NCBI Reference Sequence Database (RefSeq). (genscript.com)
These sequences represent the protein coding region of the dhp1 cDNA ORF which is encoded by the open reading frame (ORF) sequence. (genscript.com)

2005) Expression of Arabidopsis MIRNA Genes. (ttu.edu)
Here we report that an Arabidopsis mutant defective in At3g03940 and At5g18190, encoding closely related Ser/Thr protein kinases, shows pleiotropic phenotypes including dwarfism and hypersensitivity to osmotic/salt stress. (nih.gov)
This pattern was not affected in the double mutant, implying the existence of additional H3T3 protein kinases in Arabidopsis. (nih.gov)
The Arabidopsis SUVH household proteins appear to be recruited to target loci by preferential binding to methylated cytosine by way of a SET- and RING-associated (SRA) domain (Arita et al. (pi4kinhibitor.com)
Studies involving Arabidopsis VIM proteins enhanced our understanding of the mechanistic basis for VIMmediated epigenetic gene silencing. (pi4kinhibitor.com)

Multiple transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. (wikipedia.org)
Two alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been described for this gene. (fishersci.com)
Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding the same protein have been described. (abnova.com)

RNAi-mediated heterochromatin assembly has been extensively studied in the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe, where RNAi is strictly required for the establishment and maintenance of heterochromatic silencing at centromeres. (dundee.ac.uk)

The malfunctioning protein is thought to interfere with normal copies of the SALL1 protein, which are produced from the other copy of the SALL1 gene that does not have a mutation. (medlineplus.gov)
Extreme phenotypic diversity and nonpenetrance in families with the LMNA gene mutation R644C. (medscape.com)

This gene encodes a highly conserved nonhistone protein, which is a member of the heterochromatin protein family. (thermofisher.cn)
The histone H2A.F/Z (H2AZ) variant is a functionally distinct, highly conserved histone subgroup that likely represents a separate evolutionary lineage of histone H2A proteins. (sdbonline.org)
One such protein, ATRX, contains a highly conserved plant homeodomain (PHD)-like domain, present in many chromatin-associated proteins, and a carboxy-terminal domain which identifies it as a member of the SNF2 family of helicase/ATPases. (ox.ac.uk)

We found that knockdown of Bonus in early oogenesis results in severe defects in ovarian development and in ectopic expression of genes that are normally repressed in the germline, demonstrating its essential function in the ovary. (elifesciences.org)

Elevated oxidative stress triggers transcriptional reprogramming via the fission yeast oxidative stress response pathway, leading to upregulation of efflux pumps and antioxidant genes, resulting in caffeine and multidrug cross-resistance, explaining the phenotype of epimutants. (ed.ac.uk)
In the fission fungus, HIRA is necessary for the suppression of Tf2 longer terminal do it again retrotransposons, repressed genes normally, or cryptic antisense transcripts (38). (mycareerpeer.com)
A recently available research in addition has demonstrated a organic formed with the histone chaperone Asf1 and HIRA spreads across silenced locations via its association using the chromodomain proteins Swi6 to facilitate histone deacetylation and heterochromatin dispersing in the fission fungus (40). (mycareerpeer.com)

The protein may play an important role in the epigenetic control of chromatin structure and gene expression. (thermofisher.cn)
The chromo and SET domains are conserved sequence motifs present in chromosomal proteins that function in epigenetic control of gene expression, presumably by modulating higher order chromatin. (embl-heidelberg.de)

The protein has a single N-terminal chromodomain which can bind to histone proteins via methylated lysine residues, and a C-terminal chromo shadow-domain which is responsible for the homodimerization and interaction with a number of chromatin-associated nonhistone proteins. (thermofisher.cn)
In addition to H4K20, SETD8 protein is able to perform lysine-methylations of many other cancer-related proteins. (biomedcentral.com)
SETD8 protein is able to mono-methylate PCNA on lysine 248 ( PCNAK248me1 ) and stabilize PCNA protein by inhibiting poly-ubiquitination and enhancing the interaction between PCNA and FEN1 [ 22 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

The resulting duplication of the lnp1(+) gene, which encodes an endoplasmic reticulum membrane protein, suppressed lem2∆ phenotypes, whereas the lem2∆ lnp1∆ double mutant showed a severe growth defect. (nih.gov)
Epigenetic information is heritable, affects gene expression states and phenotypes, but is independent of DNA sequence. (uab.edu)

The major event of MBT was the activation of a large group of histones and other genes that modify chromatin structure preceding massive gene expression changes. (biomedcentral.com)

The interbands contain regulatory elements - promoters and enhancers - that control the genes in the adjacent gray bands. (biology-pages.info)

My work reports about the successful de novo identification of the P. falciparum telomere repeat-binding protein (PfTRF). (unibas.ch)

Some of the trxG proteins characterized so far are members of chromatin opening complexes (e.g. (edu.sa)
Eukaryotic DNA associates with histone-protein complexes to form nucleosomes that are the main constituents of chromatin, a highly ordered DNA-structure [ 4 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
A novel protein call AnkA in A. phagocytophilum is translocated from the bacterium within a host vacuole into the host nucleus, where it forms complexes with heterochromatin and is largely responsible for many host transcriptional changes by directly binding to regulatory regions of the DNA. (cdc.gov)

PcG genes have been proposed to act by packaging transcriptional repressed chromosomal domains into condensed heterochromatin-like structures. (edu.sa)

Electron microscopy of patients with EMD1 and EMD2 can show irregularly thickened nuclear lamina, rearranged heterochromatin, chromatin condensation and decondensation, focal chromatin loss or extrusion into the sarcoplasm, nuclear disintegration/fragmentation and tubulofilamentous inclusions within the nuclear matrix. (medscape.com)

INTRODUCTION One mechanism used by organisms from yeast to mammals to repress gene expression is gene silencing. (researchdataservice.com)
Our data thus support a role for Eyg in repressing its targets through a heterochromatin gene-silencing mechanism. (researchdataservice.com)
To explore the premature mechanism of SSC, to clone genes that have a close relation with premature flowering, and to speed process of premature cultivar breeding, we established a normalized full-length cDNA library using the flower and bud of CCRI 36 by DSN (duplex-specific nuclease)-normalization method combined with SMART (switching mechanism at 5' end of RNA transcript) technique. (chinacrops.org)
These results indicated that the normalized full-length cDNA library has been established successfully, which is convenient for further study on the molecular mechanism and gene cloning of flower development. (chinacrops.org)
Finally, we showed that Bonus SUMOylation is mediated by the SUMO E3-ligase Su(var)2-10, revealing that although SUMOylation of TIF1 proteins is conserved between insects and mammals, both the mechanism and specific site of modification is different in the two taxa. (elifesciences.org)

The SALL1 protein helps turn off (repress) gene activity by interacting with other proteins that alter how tightly regions of DNA are packaged. (medlineplus.gov)

The genome of eukaryotic cells is organised into chromatin, a dynamic structure composed of DNA and specialised proteins that packages DNA to fit inside the nucleus, regulates gene expression and ensures genome stability. (dundee.ac.uk)

2013). However, the roles in the VIM proteins in histone modification haven't been investigated. (pi4kinhibitor.com)

At least 1 commercial laboratory (Prevention Genetics, Marshfield, Wisconsin) was identified that offers testing for FSHD2 through sequencing of the SMCHD1 gene via bidirectional Sanger sequencing. (arkansasbluecross.com)
Prevention Genetics also offers testing for FSHD2 through next-generation sequencing of the SMCHD1 gene as part of a panel test for limb-girdle muscular dystrophy. (arkansasbluecross.com)
A goal of molecular genetics is to understand the relationship between basic nuclear processes, epigenetic changes and the numerous proteins that orchestrate these effects. (ox.ac.uk)

In-depth analysis of the expression profile of endogenous PfSIP2 revealed that this protein is only expressed during a very narrow time window of approximately 10hrs in late stage parasites, which coincides with intra-erythrocytic schizogony. (unibas.ch)

The encoded protein is also a component of the nucleosome acetyltransferase of H4 complex and interacts with the transcriptional corepressor tumor susceptibility gene 101 and the pro-apoptotic death-associated protein 6, among others. (abnova.com)
The Protein Synthesis and Cancer group explores the role of translation in regulating tumor progression. (lsuhs.edu)

My analyses identified a novel gene encoding a putative endonuclease, Mkt1, as the most promising candidate for further investigation. (dundee.ac.uk)

The core components of RNA silencing machinery involve several evolutionarily conserved protein families, including DICER (DCR) or DICER-LIKE (DCL), ARGONAUTE (AGO), and, in some cases, RNA-DEPENDENT RNA POLYMERASE (RDR). (ttu.edu)
Xie Z ., Cheng H. (2017) Interplay and transition between small RNA-directed posttranscriptional and transcriptional gene silencing in plants. (ttu.edu)
Gene silencing requires the binding of the KRAB domain to the RING-B box-coiled coil (RBCC) domain of the KAP-1/TIF1-beta corepressor. (embl.de)
We show that Eyg acts as a suppressor of variegation suggesting a role for Eyg in heterochromatin-mediated gene silencing. (researchdataservice.com)
Molecular analysis suggested that Esc2p contributed to silencing in a manner similar to Sir1p and probably helped recruit or stabilize the other Sir proteins, while Htz1p present at HMR assembled a specialized chromatin structure necessary for silencing (Dhillon, 2000). (sdbonline.org)
The reduced expression of most of these genes in htz1Delta cells was reversed by the deletion of SIR2 (sir2Delta) suggesting that H2A.Z antagonizes telomeric silencing. (sdbonline.org)

Find HIRA Proteins with a specific Grade. (antibodies-online.com)
Find HIRA Proteins for a variety of species such as anti-Human HIRA, anti-Mouse HIRA. (antibodies-online.com)
Find HIRA Proteins validated for a specific application such as ELISA, WB, AP, AA. (antibodies-online.com)

DMAP1 (NP_061973, 1 a.a. ~ 100 a.a) partial recombinant protein with GST tag. (abnova.com)
Antibody Reactive Against Recombinant Protein. (abnova.com)
CBX1 (NP_006798.1, 2 a.a. ~ 99 a.a) partial recombinant protein with GST tag. (thermofisher.cn)

By interrogating microarray data from neuronal cells treated with inhibitors of different specificity, we selected two genes encoding histone macroH2A ( H2AFY2 ) and Polycomb group ring finger 2 ( PCGF2 ) that were specifically down-regulated by the inhibitors targeting HDACs1 and 3 versus the more selective inhibitors for further investigation. (frontiersin.org)
The Polycomb group (PcG) and trithorax group (trxG) genes encode proteins involved in chromatin remodelling. (edu.sa)
In the present study, we have investigated the binding of Trithorax (TRX) and Polycomb (PC) protein in the bithorax complex (BX-C) during embryogenesis. (edu.sa)

These characteristics correlate with a distinct nuclear architecture, epigenetic signatures enriched for active chromatin marks and hyperdynamic binding of structural chromatin proteins. (biomedcentral.com)

NAMPT expression is regulated by high mobility group A (HMGA) proteins during senescence. (nature.com)

Anatomy19

Organisms5

Chemicals and Drugs38

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment13

Phenomena and Processes51

Information Science3

Senescence-associated heterochromatin foci3

Transcription28

Drosophila12

Chromosome14

Methylation14

Repression9

Mutations13

Homolog3

Telomeres3

Regulate8

Binds4

Pericentromeric3

Chromosomes2

Repeats4

Constitutive heterochromatin1

Transcriptionally4

Mutants6

Silent heterochromatin2

Chromodomain-containi1

Regulation10

Foci1

Locus8

Formation11

Regulator3

Methyltransferase2

Euchromatin3

Mitochondrial2

Sequences3

Arabidopsis5

Variants3

Studied in the fission1

Mutation2

Highly conserved3

Ectopic1

Fission3

Epigenetic control2

Lysine3

Phenotypes2

Histones1

Promoters1

Telomere repeat binding1

Complexes3

Chromosomal1

Nuclear lamina1

Mechanism5

Repress1

Genome stability1

Roles1

Genetics3

Endogenous1

Tumor2

Putative1

Silencing6

Hira3

Recombinant3

Polycomb3

Distinct1

Expression is regulated1