• This protein is also a component of other multisubunit complexes e.g. thyroid hormone receptor-(TR-) associated proteins which interact with TR and facilitate TR function on DNA templates in conjunction with initiation factors and cofactors. (utsouthwestern.edu)
  • Previous research documented that constitutively expressed upstream transcription factors are activated by cold stress to induce the expression of CBF genes and the resulting CBF proteins trigger the expression of downstream cold responsive genes that confer freezing tolerance. (refine.bio)
  • 6, 7 BRCA1 interacts with a variety of proteins and is involved in multiple cellular processes including DNA repair, transcription, and checkpoint control. (bmj.com)
  • 8- 10 In attempts to identify new breast and ovarian cancer susceptibility genes, much research has focused on BRCA1 associated proteins. (bmj.com)
  • 11 Both proteins possess an N-terminal RING finger motif and two BRCA1 C-terminal (BRCT) domains present in numerous proteins involved in DNA repair and cell cycle regulation. (bmj.com)
  • DDX5 is required for cell proliferation by controlling the transcription of genes expressing DNA replication proteins in cancer cells in which the DDX5 locus is amplified, and this has uncovered a dependence on DDX5 for cell proliferation. (aacrjournals.org)
  • In addition, after transcription, a wide array of RNA-binding proteins interacts with cis -acting elements located mainly in the 3' untranslated region, determining the fate of mRNAs in eukaryotic cells. (frontiersin.org)
  • Jumonji (JmjC) domain proteins (see Jarid2 ) influence gene expression and chromatin organization by way of histone demethylation, which provides a means to regulate the activity of genes across the genome. (sdbonline.org)
  • More than half of all human genes are alternatively spliced, so it is expected that alternative pre- mRNA splicing will be responsible for the identification of more than 90 percent of all human proteins. (genomicglossaries.com)
  • The messenger RNAs (mRNAs) produced from transcription are further used to encode functional proteins or make non-coding RNAs, such as tRNA, rRNA, and miRNA. (sciencefacts.net)
  • rRNA genes contain regions of variable DNA sequence that are unique to the species carrying the … Ribosomal RNA is transcribed from ribosomal DNA (rDNA) and then bound to ribosomal proteins to form small and large ribosome subunits. (printerresource.com)
  • RNA-binding proteins contribute to specificity by interacting with both Ccr4-Not and target mRNAs, but this is not fully understood. (elifesciences.org)
  • A nucleus-like structure composed of phage-encoded proteins and containing replicating viral DNA is formed in Pseudomonas aeruginosa cells infected by jumbo bacteriophage phiKZ. (bvsalud.org)
  • Channels formed from KCNQ proteins consist of homomeric tetramers or heteromeric tetramers containing KCNQ as the α-subunit, and each KCNQ subunit is composed of six α-helical transmembrane segments (S1-S6). (molcells.org)
  • KCNQ channel proteins also co-assemble with KCNE1-4 subunits ( McCrossan and Abbott, 2004 ). (molcells.org)
  • The gene network of ADHD included 599 genes/proteins and 148,978 interactions, while that of dyslexia included 167 genes/proteins and 27,083 interactions. (biomedcentral.com)
  • When the ANDSystem and GeneCards data were combined, a total of 213 genes/proteins for ADHD and dyslexia were found. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Histones are evolutionarily conserved DNA-binding proteins. (aging-us.com)
  • POLR3C is a specific core component of RNA polymerase III which synthesizes small RNAs, such as 5S rRNA and tRNAs. (thermofisher.com)
  • Predicted to be involved in 5S class rRNA transcription by RNA polymerase III and transcription initiation from RNA polymerase III promoter. (nih.gov)
  • Phylogenetic analyses of the family Trypanosomatidae have been conducted using both 18S rRNA gene sequences and a variety of protein sequences. (biomedcentral.com)
  • We will show that phylogenies based on 18S ribosomal RNA (18S rRNA) genes have provided an answer to this question that appears inconsistent with the results of the majority of phylogenies based on available protein sequences. (biomedcentral.com)
  • RNA polymerase I (RNAP I) synthesizes pre-rRNA 45S, which matures into the ribosome 's 28S, 18S, and 5.8S subunits. (sciencefacts.net)
  • RNA polymerase produces all types of RNA, including messenger RNA (mRNA), transfer RNA (tRNA), ribosomal RNA (rRNA), microRNA (miRNA), and even non-coding RNAs and ribozymes. (sciencefacts.net)
  • Distel, D. L., DeLong, E. F., and Waterbury, J. Epub … Bacterial Identification by 16S rRNA Gene Sequence Analysis Background All bacteria contain 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) genes of approximately 1500 base pairs (bp) in length. (printerresource.com)
  • The most widely understood role of RNA is in protein synthesis, which includes messenger RNA (mRNA), transfer RNA (tRNA) and ribosomal RNA (rRNA) (see Chapter 2). (printerresource.com)
  • To such effect, I want to perform an RNA-Seq experiment in order to analyze potential rRNA transcripts isoforms and processing sites. (printerresource.com)
  • Base modifications occur primarily in tRNA and ribosomal RNA (rRNA), and occur after the RNA is transcribed. (printerresource.com)
  • In bacteria , a single RNA polymerase produces the primary transcript precursors for all three major classes of RNA: messenger RNA (mRNA), ribosomal RNA (rRNA), and transfer RNA (tRNA). (basicmedicalkey.com)
  • This gene encodes the largest subunit (A) of the DNA directed RNA polymerase III. (wikipedia.org)
  • CBFs and CBF regulon genes were down-regulated in rdm4 but not nrpe1 (the largest subunit of PolV) mutant plants, suggesting that the role of RDM4 in cold stress responses is independent of the RdDM pathway. (refine.bio)
  • This study confirms that the latest generation of DNA sequencing technologies can be applied during high priority public health events, and laboratories need to prepare for this inevitability and assess how to properly analyze and interpret whole genome sequences in the context of molecular epidemiology. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The gradual conversion from endosymbiont to organelle during the course of evolution has clearly been accompanied by a dramatic reduction in genome size as the chloroplasts lost most of their genes to the nucleus. (frontiersin.org)
  • The genome atlases allowed for distinguishing distinct DNA structures and highlighted suspicious high transcription zones. (mdpi.com)
  • Genome analyses revealed PcaQ-like DNA-binding sites encoded upstream of ABC transport systems in other members of the α-proteobacteria, and thus it appears likely that these systems are involved in the uptake of protocatechuate. (microbiologyresearch.org)
  • Two other major roles for noncoding RNA are in genome defense and in genetic regulation. (printerresource.com)
  • Using an RNA genome, many viruses are known to encode their genetic information. (printerresource.com)
  • Because researchers use different approaches to genome annotation their predictions of the number of genes on each chromosome varies (for technical details, see gene prediction ). (wikidoc.org)
  • Here, we review the arrival of genetic screens in malaria parasites to analyse parasite gene function at a genome-scale and their impact on understanding parasite biology. (portlandpress.com)
  • A gene is a segment of DNA that functions as a unit to generate an RNA product or, through the processes of transcription and translation, a polypeptide chain. (basicmedicalkey.com)
  • In a structural gene, the transcribed region contains the coding sequences that dictate the amino acid sequence of a polypeptide chain. (basicmedicalkey.com)
  • 21 Furthermore, interaction between the BARD1/BRCA1 heterodimer and cleavage stimulation factor subunit 1 (CSTF1, also called CstF-50) represses the polyadenylation machinery, presumably to prevent inappropriate mRNA processing at sites of DNA repair. (bmj.com)
  • The 3' regulatory regions have a great diversity of cis -regulatory elements directly involved in polyadenylation, stability, transport and mRNA translation, essential to achieve the desired levels of gene expression. (frontiersin.org)
  • Polyadenylation is essential for the stability of the transcript, preventing the mRNA from being the target of posttranscriptional gene silencing (PTGS) via RNA-dependent RNA polymerase 6 (RDR6) in plants ( Luo and Chen, 2007 ). (frontiersin.org)
  • Because alternative RNA splicing allows different types of mRNA molecules to be created from a single gene, it generates the diversity of protein function and structure that is essential to complex organisms. (genomicglossaries.com)
  • High- fidelity mRNA amplification for gene profiling. (genomicglossaries.com)
  • RNA-like oligonucleotides that are complementary to a portion of a target mRNA molecule. (genomicglossaries.com)
  • More specifically, antisense oligonucleotides that are useful as reagents for target validation , or as drugs, are engineered molecules that differ from natural RNA but that have a base sequence that is recognized as being complementary to a very specific mRNA sequence. (genomicglossaries.com)
  • A complementary RNA sequence that binds to a naturally occurring (sense) mRNA molecule, thus blocking its translation. (genomicglossaries.com)
  • Highly specific and effective gene silencing of any disease can be achieved by an accurate knowledge of the target mRNA sequence and rational design of its complementary antisense agents for the downregulation of its protein message. (genomicglossaries.com)
  • We speculate that by coupling RNA processing to the status and activity of Pol II itself, the cell ensures that nascent RNA is properly protected from degradation and efficiently matures into a functional mRNA. (nature.com)
  • When a cell needs to make a particular protein, it first copies the instructions from the matching gene into a molecule known as a messenger RNA (or an mRNA for short). (elifesciences.org)
  • Shortening or removal of mRNA poly(A) tails (deadenylation) represses gene expression in eukaryotes. (elifesciences.org)
  • A notable example is the replacement of an original multi-subunit bacteria-like RNA polymerase (inherited from the proto-mitochondrial ancestor and still encoded in certain jakobid - but no other - mitochondrial genomes) by a single-subunit bacteriophage T3/T7-like RNA polymerase, which directs mitochondrial transcription in virtually all eukaryotes [ 24 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Bacteriophage transduction is the major mechanism of horizontal gene transfer (HGT) among many bacteria. (bvsalud.org)
  • Here we show that staphylococcal phages produce a structured RNA transcribed from the terminase subunit genes, termed CBASS-activating bacteriophage RNA (cabRNA), which binds to a positively charged surface of the CdnE03 cyclase and promotes the synthesis of the cyclic dinucleotide cGAMP to activate the CBASS immune response. (bvsalud.org)
  • a plastid-encoded bacterial-type RNA polymerase (PEP) and a nuclear-encoded phage-type RNA polymerase (NEP), which recognize distinct types of promoters. (frontiersin.org)
  • The PEP enzyme recognizes the -10 and -35 cis -elements, similar to those found in bacterial promoters whereas the NEP enzyme recognizes the YRTA-motif, which can also be found upstream of several genes with PEP promoters indicating that these genes can be transcribed by both polymerases ( Pfannschmidt and Liere, 2005 ). (frontiersin.org)
  • We identify an important role for DDX5 in G 1 -S-phase progression where it directly regulates DNA replication factor expression by promoting the recruitment of RNA polymerase II to E2F-regulated gene promoters. (aacrjournals.org)
  • Core, L. J., Waterfall, J. J. & Lis, J. T. Nascent RNA sequencing reveals widespread pausing and divergent initiation at human promoters. (nature.com)
  • RNA polymerase III promoters differ significantly from RNA polymerase II promoters in that they are located downstream from the transcription start site and within the transcribed segment of the DNA. (printerresource.com)
  • Additionally, it was revealed that the most relevant genes are involved in biological processes related to signal transduction, positive regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoters, chemical synaptic transmission, response to drugs, ion transmembrane transport, nervous system development, cell adhesion, and neuron migration. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Specific sequences on DNA, called promoters , determine where the RNA polymerase binds and how frequently it initiates transcription. (basicmedicalkey.com)
  • This gene encodes a subunit of RNA polymerase II, the polymerase responsible for synthesizing messenger RNA in eukaryotes. (origene.com)
  • Eukaryotes have a mechanism termed alternative polyadenylation (APA), which allows the selective use of PAS in genes containing multiple PAS. (frontiersin.org)
  • Eukaryotes have many different nuclear RNAPs, and each recognizes a different promoter sequence, synthesizing some form of the RNA or the other. (sciencefacts.net)
  • Recent years have witnessed a sea change in our understanding of transcription regulation: whereas traditional models focused solely on the events that brought RNA polymerase II (Pol II) to a gene promoter to initiate RNA synthesis, emerging evidence points to the pausing of Pol II during early elongation as a widespread regulatory mechanism in higher eukaryotes. (nature.com)
  • Notably, these two isolates were found to harbor a 50 kbp putative mobile genomic island encoding translocation and efflux functions that has not been observed in other Listeria genomes. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Whole genomic DNA was extracted from every pattern and amplified for the presence of polymorphism within the mitochondrial cox1 gene of Echinococcus granulosus utilizing a excessive decision melting curve (HRM) methodology. (floatingharborsyndrome.co.uk)
  • The gene fragment that encodes mature TSHbeta was cloned from feline genomic DNA after direct polymerase chain reaction (PCR). (avmi.net)
  • The 850 bp sequence of fTSHbeta genomic DNA consisted of two coding exons, an intron of 418 bp, and a 60 bp signal sequence. (avmi.net)
  • UV irradiation represents a major challenge to genomic integrity throughout the evolution of terrestrial organisms, resulting in the development of specific mechanisms that govern the cellular response to UV-induced DNA damage. (rupress.org)
  • However in recent years with the development of epigenesis, genomic imprinting and the horizontal transferences of the genes, Lamarck's ideas have resurfaced. (intechopen.com)
  • However, individual transcript sequences of the same gene can differ through naturally occurring variations (e.g. polymorphisms), each with its own valid existence. (origene.com)
  • Several alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been described for this gene. (utsouthwestern.edu)
  • Two transcript variants encoding the same protein have been found for this gene. (solarbio.cc)
  • The prin2.2 and csp41b-2 single mutants displayed pale phenotypes, abnormal chloroplasts with reduced transcript levels of photosynthesis genes and defects in embryo development. (frontiersin.org)
  • Through APA, a single gene containing multiple PAS can generate a considerable number of transcript isoforms, thereby producing a highly diversified transcriptome ( Tian and Manley, 2013 ). (frontiersin.org)
  • Moreover, PRIN2 and CSP41b form a distinct protein complex in vitro that binds DNA. (frontiersin.org)
  • As the mammalian cyclase OAS1 also binds viral double-stranded RNA during the interferon response, our results reveal a conserved mechanism for the activation of innate antiviral defence pathways. (bvsalud.org)
  • To bind to the promoter, the core RNAP binds to the sigma (σ), forming the holoenzyme (ββ′α2ω σ) with 6 subunits. (sciencefacts.net)
  • Score represents the degree of relatedness of a KO to the query gene based on the clustering in the phylogenetic tree of protein sequences ( see below for the tree ). (umassmed.edu)
  • Score represents the degree of relatedness of a KO to the query gene based on the Smith-Waterman alignment of protein sequence with most similar sequences from all organisms in the KEGG database. (umassmed.edu)
  • By contrast, phylogenetic analyses of available sequences in 42 protein families gene generally supported monophyly of the genus Trypanosoma . (biomedcentral.com)
  • Since many of today's expression vectors encode Shine-Dalgarno sequences it is easy to overlook problems with translation initiation. (neb.com)
  • RNA molecules which hybridize to complementary sequences in either RNA or DNA altering the function of the latter. (genomicglossaries.com)
  • The σ factor reduces the core enzyme's affinity for binding to non-specific DNA sequences while binding to the promoter. (sciencefacts.net)
  • A single-chain analogue of fTSH termed yoked fTSH (yfTSH) was developed by fusing the nucleotides encoding the C-terminus of the beta-subunit fused to the N-terminus of the alpha-subunit with DNA encoding the C-terminal peptide (CTP) of human chorionic gonadotropin beta-subunit as a linker peptide. (avmi.net)
  • Once RNA polymerase attaches to the promoter (where RNA polymerase begins transcribing a gene), it moves along the DNA template in the 5 to 3' direction, adding nucleotides to the growing RNA chain. (sciencefacts.net)
  • The DNA strand that directs the sequence of nucleotides in the RNA by complementary base pairing is the template strand. (basicmedicalkey.com)
  • Mitochondrial DNA may also lose genes whose functions are substituted for by unrelated genes encoded in the nucleus. (biomedcentral.com)
  • We provide direct evidence of PhiKZ vRNAP injection in infected cells and show that it is excluded from the phage nucleus. (bvsalud.org)
  • As scaffolding molecules, they significantly regulate the DNA packaging into the nucleus of all eukaryotic cells. (aging-us.com)
  • Eukaryotic genes are transcribed in the nucleus by three different RNA polymerases , each principally responsible for one of the major classes of RNA. (basicmedicalkey.com)
  • It encodes an extremely large virion-associated RNA polymerase unique for bacterial viruses that became characteristic for this group. (mdpi.com)
  • This is particularly true when expressing eukaryotic genes in bacterial hosts. (neb.com)
  • Indeed, a number of agents currently used in cancer treatment are known to target DNA synthesis. (aacrjournals.org)
  • After second- strand cDNA synthesis, T7 RNA polymerase was used to generate aRNA. (genomicglossaries.com)
  • It is part of the active center responsible for RNA synthesis. (sciencefacts.net)
  • It contains the other part of the active center responsible for RNA synthesis and the rest of the elements for non-sequence-specific interactions with DNA and nascent RNA. (sciencefacts.net)
  • The involvement of RNA in such fundamental processes as protein synthesis and RNA processing has led to the idea that ribozymes were more common in early life. (printerresource.com)
  • RNA polymerases differ from DNA polymerases in that they can initiate the synthesis of new strands in the absence of a primer. (basicmedicalkey.com)
  • The transcribed region of a gene contains the template for synthesis of an RNA, which begins at the start point. (basicmedicalkey.com)
  • The activation of gene transcription is a multistep process that is triggered by factors that recognize transcriptional enhancer sites in DNA. (utsouthwestern.edu)
  • The transcriptional start site of pcaM was mapped, and the predicted PcaQ DNA-binding site was located at −73 to −58 relative to this site. (microbiologyresearch.org)
  • Primer extension analysis identified a transcriptional start site 30 bp upstream of the hyfA structural gene, with appropriately located -24 and -12 boxes indicative of a sigma(54)-dependent promoter. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Distinct signals that act through diverse targeted transcription factors can regulate different steps in the transcription pathway and provide a highly modulated transcriptional response at individual genes. (nature.com)
  • As docking units, they influence the recruitment of the transcriptional machinery, thus establishing unique gene expression patterns that ultimately promote different biological outcomes. (aging-us.com)
  • Extremely-degenerate primers with 3′ termini overlapping the probe-binding website adapt the goal by way of site-directed mutagenesis throughout qPCR to exchange DRM-proximal sequence variation. (floatingharborsyndrome.co.uk)
  • The molecular sequence of this clone aligns with the gene accession number as a point of reference only. (origene.com)
  • The resulting 510 bp PCR product for the CGA-subunit included the full coding sequence for the 96 amino acid mature subunit preceded by a 24 amino acid signal peptide. (avmi.net)
  • The resulting DNA sequence was cloned, sequenced, ligated and recloned into expression vector PEAK. (avmi.net)
  • 87(5): 1663-1667] Specifically, the investigators started by priming whole cerebellar RNA with a synthetic oligonucleotide containing a T7 RNA polymerase promoter sequence. (genomicglossaries.com)
  • Also, it contains some elements for non-sequence-specific interactions with DNA and nascent RNA. (sciencefacts.net)
  • Using a two-color assay to simultaneously monitor poly(A) tail removal from different RNAs, we demonstrate that Puf3 can distinguish between RNAs of very similar sequence. (elifesciences.org)
  • Genes are transcribed by enzymes called RNA polymerases that generate a single-stranded RNA identical in sequence (with the exception of U in place of T) to one of the strands of the double-stranded DNA. (basicmedicalkey.com)
  • PCR-amplified mycobacterial genes are sequence-specifically captured on microspheres, labeled by magnetic nanoprobes, and detected by nuclear magnetic resonance. (cdc.gov)
  • αNTD helps assemble the enzyme, and αCTD recognizes and interacts with the promoter and the upstream DNA elements. (sciencefacts.net)
  • When designing expression constructs, make sure that the vector does indeed encode a properly spaced ribosome binding site and also analyze for secondary structure at the five prime end of the messenger RNA. (neb.com)
  • One possible explanation for these conflicting results is poor taxon sampling in the case of protein coding genes, most of which have been sequenced for only a few species of Trypanosomatidae. (biomedcentral.com)
  • So CCDS's gene number prediction represents a lower bound on the total number of human protein-coding genes. (wikidoc.org)
  • The non-self RNA polymerase III transcripts, such as Epstein-Barr virus-encoded RNAs (EBERs) induce type I interferon and NF- Kappa-B through the RIG-I pathway. (thermofisher.com)
  • The primary transcripts are modified and trimmed to produce the mature RNAs. (basicmedicalkey.com)
  • We have functionally identified two homologous genes C3H14 and C3H15 and found that the two genes differentially regulate secondary wall formation and anther development. (refine.bio)
  • Although a small number of 3' regulatory regions have been identified and validated so far, many studies have shown that plant 3' regulatory regions have a higher potential to regulate gene expression in plants compared to widely used 3' regulatory regions, such as NOS and OCS from Agrobacterium tumefaciens and 35S from cauliflower mosaic virus. (frontiersin.org)
  • However, most JmjC genes do not critically regulate development, as 10 members are viable and fertile with no obvious developmental defects. (sdbonline.org)
  • A gene also includes regions of DNA that regulate production of the encoded product, such as a promoter region. (basicmedicalkey.com)
  • RNA polymerase II (RNAP II) produces precursors of mRNAs and most snRNA and microRNAs. (sciencefacts.net)
  • This allows the cell to switch networks of related genes off together without affecting the mRNAs it still needs. (elifesciences.org)
  • Point mutations in the RNA polymerase β subunit ( rpoB ) gene were found in isolates from each rifampin-resistant case-patient. (cdc.gov)
  • The β subunit is encoded by the rpoB gene. (cdc.gov)
  • Previous studies have demonstrated that one of the mechanisms of rifampin resistance in Neisseria meningitidis is associated with single point mutations of the rpoB gene that result in amino acid substitutions ( 11 - 13 ). (cdc.gov)
  • The data presented in this study confirm the rapid development of rifampin resistance upon exposure of meningococci to rifampin as a result of point mutations in the rpoB gene. (cdc.gov)
  • This gene is located on the long arm of chromosome 10 (10q22.3). (wikipedia.org)
  • Colocalisation of BARD1 with BRCA1 and RAD51 in response to DNA damage indicates a role in DNA repair, 19, 20 which is supported by the recent observation of BARD1 participation along with BRCA1 in homology directed repair of chromosome breaks. (bmj.com)
  • Chromosome 5 spans about 181 million base pairs (the building blocks of DNA ) and represents almost 6% of the total DNA in cells . (wikidoc.org)
  • Chromosome 5 is the 5th largest human chromosome, yet has one of the lowest gene densities . (wikidoc.org)
  • The following are some of the gene count estimates of human chromosome 5. (wikidoc.org)
  • The following is a partial list of genes on human chromosome 5. (wikidoc.org)
  • Rifampin targets the β subunit of DNA-directed RNA polymerase by inhibiting extension of the RNA strand. (cdc.gov)
  • aRNA is RNA that is transcribed from the coding, rather than the template, strand of DNA. (genomicglossaries.com)
  • RNAPs not only transcribe DNA but are also responsible for proofreading the newly synthesized RNA strand and taking part in the recognition of the transcription start and termination sites. (sciencefacts.net)
  • The RNA polymerase is primarily responsible for transcription, the process by which a template DNA strand is used to form RNA. (sciencefacts.net)
  • The HRV proteases (3C and 2A) and the 3D polymerase have very important functions in virus replication cycle and virus-host interactions and are very intensively investigated for their role in develop. (warf.org)
  • SARS-CoV-2 infection and the overexpression of Nsp6, Nsp8, or M coherently upregulated genes associated with apoptosis and immune/inflammation pathways, whereas downregulated genes linked to heart contraction and functions. (bvsalud.org)
  • The ∼30 Mb genomes of the Plasmodium parasites that cause malaria each encode ∼5000 genes, but the functions of the majority remain unknown. (portlandpress.com)
  • Approximately 5-10% of all breast and ovarian cancers are thought to arise from a hereditary predisposition to the disease, 1 BRCA1 and BRCA2 being the most important susceptibility genes. (bmj.com)
  • Hereditary factors, including the presence of a Bcg gene, have been implicated in susceptibility to acquisition of this disease. (medscape.com)
  • Novel POLR1C mutation in RNA polymerase III-related leukodystrophy with severe myoclonus and dystonia. (nih.gov)
  • To investigate this transport system further, we generated a pcaM deletion mutant (predicted to encode the substrate-binding protein) and introduced a polar insertion mutation into pcaN , a gene that is predicted to encode a permease. (microbiologyresearch.org)
  • Compartmentalization of dJmj in nucleolus together with some of PcG may be necessary to de-repress the expression of genes required to cellular growth and proliferation in the following meiotic divisions. (sdbonline.org)
  • Researchers at Stanford University used such a method to produce amplified heterogeneous populations of RNA from limited quantities of cDNA. (genomicglossaries.com)
  • Amplified RNA synthesized from limited quantities of heterogeneous cDNA. (genomicglossaries.com)
  • 24 In vivo substrates for the ubiquitination are not yet known, but involvement of the RNA polymerase-2 holoenzyme has been proposed. (bmj.com)
  • This could reveal genes that work together, helping to unravel their roles inside cells. (elifesciences.org)
  • The method put forth to rank genes by their importance for the comorbid condition of ADHD and dyslexia was employed to predict genes that play key roles in the development of the comorbid condition. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Generation of molecularly defined null mutants revealed that loss of 8 out of 13 JmjC genes modify position effect variegation (PEV) phenotypes, consistent with their ascribed role in regulating chromatin organization. (sdbonline.org)
  • Understanding factors required for DNA replication will enrich our knowledge of this important process and potentially identify vulnerabilities that can be exploited in cancer therapy. (aacrjournals.org)
  • We applied an assay that measures the stability of maintenance of an episomal plasmid in human tissue culture cells to screen for new DNA replication factors. (aacrjournals.org)
  • Defects in the control of cell proliferation are a hallmark of cancer, and DNA replication is a key process for cell proliferation. (aacrjournals.org)
  • Understanding how DNA replication is regulated in human cells can provide insight into cancer development and may reveal vulnerabilities that can be exploited therapeutically. (aacrjournals.org)
  • Taken together, a novel PRV replication inhibitor, ginkgolic acid, which worked through suppressing the transcription of the late genes, was found in this study. (bvsalud.org)
  • While canonical histones H3.1 and H3.2 are synthetized and loaded during DNA replication, the histone variant H3.3 is expressed and deposited into the chromatin throughout the cell cycle. (aging-us.com)
  • The dynamic nature of chromatin establishes the access to the genetic material and, as a consequence, influences a large number of biological processes, such as DNA replication, repair and transcription [ 1 , 2 ]. (aging-us.com)
  • RNA polymerase (RNA Pol or RNAP) is the enzyme that synthesizes RNA from a template of DNA, a process known as transcription. (sciencefacts.net)
  • RNA polymerase IV (RNAP IV) produces siRNA in plants. (sciencefacts.net)
  • RNA polymerase V (RNAP V) has RNAs involved in siRNA-directed heterochromatin formation in plants. (sciencefacts.net)
  • Unlike DNA polymerase , RNAP has increased infidelity. (sciencefacts.net)
  • The PhiKZ genes are transcribed independently from host RNA polymerase (RNAP) by two RNAPs encoded by the phage. (bvsalud.org)
  • The virion RNAP (vRNAP) transcribes early viral genes and must be injected into the cell with phage DNA. (bvsalud.org)
  • The non-virion RNAP (nvRNAP) is composed of early gene products and transcribes late viral genes. (bvsalud.org)
  • Gen-Probe RNA test, interferon-gamma assay, urine-based antigen test). (cdc.gov)
  • The line probe assay, for instance, colorimetrically detects multi-drug resistant (MDR) strains from PCR-amplified products MTB DNA. (cdc.gov)
  • Both genes were cloned independently downstream from the EF1alpha promoter of the PEAK transfer vector to facilitate co-expression studies in PEAK cells (modified human embryonic kidney (HEK) cells). (avmi.net)
  • Here we describe our studies on the genetic organization of phages infecting Staphylococcus aureus, a pathogen of human importance, by using an assembly of tools for gene annotation, identification of expression components, and phylogeny analysis. (bvsalud.org)
  • In Staphylococcus aureus, the phage-mediated acquisition of mobile genetic elements (MGEs) that encode virulence and antibiotic resistance genes largely contribute to its evolutionary adaptation and genetic plasticity. (bvsalud.org)
  • This study systematically tested the function of all 13 Drosophila JmjC genes. (sdbonline.org)
  • Although pausing has been connected to extremely rapid and synchronous activation of genes, pausing is also highly associated with constitutively expressed genes that encode signalling and transcription factors. (nature.com)
  • A complex interaction between the cleavage and polyadenylation molecular complex and cis -elements determine the polyadenylation site, which may result in the choice of non-canonical sites, resulting in alternative polyadenylation events, involved in the regulation of more than 80% of the genes expressed in plants. (frontiersin.org)
  • All classes of RNA are subject to processing by base modification and cleavage. (printerresource.com)
  • Present high-risk HPV screening or analysis exams contain cytological or molecular methods principally based mostly on qualitative HPV DNA detection. (floatingharborsyndrome.co.uk)
  • Right here, we describe the event of a speedy quantitative polymerase chain response (qPCR) detection check of HPV16 and HPV18 oncogenes (E6 and E7) normalized on human gene encoding GAPDH. (floatingharborsyndrome.co.uk)
  • Staphylococcus aureus is one of the most relevant mastitis pathogens in dairy cattle, and the acquisition of antimicrobial resistance genes presents a significant health issue in both veterinary and human fields. (bvsalud.org)
  • Human transcription factor IIIC box B binding subunit. (nih.gov)
  • This study elucidates the deleterious effects of SARS-CoV-2 genes Nsp6, M, and Nsp8 on human CMs. (bvsalud.org)
  • CRISPR/Cas9 screens, which have revolutionised human and model organism research, have not yet been implemented in malaria parasites due to the need for more complex CRISPR/Cas9 gene targeting vector libraries. (portlandpress.com)
  • Examination of the dJmj localization in various Polycomb group (PcG) mutant lines at the late growth stage allowed identification of some PcG genes, including Polycomb (Pc) , to be responsible for dJmj recruitment to nucleolus. (sdbonline.org)
  • Activation of the catBCA promoter: probing the interaction of CatR and RNA polymerase through in vitro transcription. (microbiologyresearch.org)
  • Current data indicate that pausing is particularly enriched at genes in signal-responsive pathways. (nature.com)
  • Mutations in this gene have been associated with hypogonadotropic hypogonadism and hypomyelinating leukodystrophy with or without oligodontia. (wikipedia.org)
  • Mutations in this gene have been associated with Treacher Collins syndrome (TCS) and hypomyelinating leukodystrophy 11. (nih.gov)
  • Recessive mutations in POLR1C cause a leukodystrophy by impairing biogenesis of RNA polymerase III. (nih.gov)
  • Hypogonadotropic hypogonadism, which is a condition caused by reduced production of hormones that direct sexual development, may occur in Pol III-related leukodystrophy. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Enzymes that are associated with this gene in the WormFlux database, but not included in the current network model . (umassmed.edu)
  • SACURE pipeline annotates genes based on a logistic function that converts evidence from multiple resources into a KEGG orthology decision, which is then associated with enzymes and reactions . (umassmed.edu)
  • In this review, we discuss the role of 3' regulatory regions in gene expression, and the superior potential that plant 3' regulatory regions have compared to NOS, OCS and 35S 3' regulatory regions. (frontiersin.org)
  • α subunit also contains elements for interaction with the regulatory factors. (sciencefacts.net)
  • Pausing provides a mechanism to tune these key genes to cellular and external regulatory cues. (nature.com)
  • Among these regulatory processes, core and linker histones are subjected to a large pattern of posttranslational modifications (PTMs) that influence chromatin state and DNA accessibility [ 4 - 7 ]. (aging-us.com)
  • In this work, we show that PcaQ also regulates the expression of the S. meliloti smb20568-smb20787-smb20786-smb20785-smb20784 gene cluster, which is predicted to encode an ABC transport system. (microbiologyresearch.org)