Gene deoxycytidine. Medical search. Frequent questions

Treatment of GBC cell lines with demethylating agent 5-Aza- 2'-deoxycytidine enhances its expression, establishing impact of methylation on DKK3 expression. (amrita.edu)
In mammalian cells, histone H3 Lys 9 (H3K9) methylation and histone hypoacetylation are usually associated with methylated DNA, heterochromatin, and gene silencing. (aacrjournals.org)
Histone hyperacetylation and H3K4 methylation are associated with unmethylated DNA, euchromatin, and gene expression ( Fig. 2 ). (aacrjournals.org)
Methylation profile of the promoter CpG islands of 14 "drug-resistance" genes in hepatocellular carcinoma. (wjgnet.com)
To establish the DNA methylation patterns of the promoter CpG islands of 14 "drug-resistance" genes in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). (wjgnet.com)
The methylation specific polymerase chain reaction in conjunction with sequencing verification was used to establish the methylation patterns of the 14 genes in the liver tissues of four healthy liver donors, as well as tumor and the paired non-cancerous tissues of 30 HCC patients. (wjgnet.com)
In this study, we examined the involvement of UHRF1 in aberrant DNA methylation and gene silencing in colorectal cancer (CRC). (biomedcentral.com)
We hypothesized that aberrant methylation and hence altered expression of certain unknown important genes induced by the genetically activated PI3K pathway signaling is a major epigenetic mechanism in human tumorigenesis. (oncotarget.com)
Previous studies about the mechanism responsible for the regulation of PLS3 gene expression in cutaneous T cell lymphoma suggested a possible role of DNA methylation in the control of tissue-specific expression of PLS3 . (symbiosisonlinepublishing.com)
We studied two human lymphocyte cell lines derived from tumor lymphocytes of patients with Sezary syndrome, HuT-78 cells which express PLS3 mRNA and SeAx cells that do not, for methylation status and used a well-established inhibitor of DNA methylation, the nucleoside analog 5-aza-2-deoxycytidine (5-aza-dC), to further determine its effect on PLS3 gene expression in both cell lines. (symbiosisonlinepublishing.com)
Our data show that DNMT1 is the main DNMT involved in DNA methylation maintenance in KG1 cells and in mediating DNA damage formation upon exposure to 5-aza-2′-deoxycytidine. (pasteur.fr)
Expression and CpG methylation of the BMP-2 gene were analyzed using RCC cell lines, and 96 matched RCC and normal renal tissues. (oncotarget.com)
Postnatal inhibition of DNA methylation with 5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine induced a marked increase (~3-fold) in cardiomyocyte proliferation and ~50% reduction in the percentage of binucleated cardiomyocytes compared with saline-treated controls. (nih.gov)
Aberrant promoter methylation of tumor suppressor genes has not been fully investigated in pediatric tumors. (elsevierpure.com)
Therefore, we examined the methylation status of nine genes (p16 INK4A , MGMT, GSTP1, RASSF1A, APC, DAPK, RARβ, CDH1 and CDH13) in 175 primary pediatric tumors and 23 tumor cell lines using methylation-specific PCR. (elsevierpure.com)
We treated six cell lines lacking RASSF1A mRNA with 5-aza-2′deoxycytidine to examine the relationship between methylation and transcriptional silencing. (elsevierpure.com)

dCK predominantly phosphorylates deoxycytidine (dC) and converts dC into deoxycytidine monophosphate. (wikipedia.org)
One hypothesis for the functionality of the "open" conformation is that the "open" conformation may assist in the initial nucleoside binding and the release of the monophosphate product Deoxycytidine kinase (dCK) phosphorylates several deoxyribonucleosides and their nucleoside analogues (a nucleoside with a sugar and a different nucleic acid base substitute or analogue that has unique properties when modified) using phosphate groups from ATP and UTP. (wikipedia.org)
Phosphorylates thymidine, deoxycytidine, and deoxyuridine in the mitochondrial matrix. (nih.gov)
This gene encodes a deoxyribonucleoside kinase that specifically phosphorylates thymidine, deoxycytidine, and deoxyuridine. (nih.gov)
Specifically, ATM phosphorylates and activates deoxycytidine kinase (dCK) at serine 74 in response to ionizing radiation (IR). (biomasswars.com)
The enzyme deoxycytidine kinase phosphorylates this compound into active 5+-triphosphate derivative, which, in turn, breaks DNA strands and inhibits DNA synthesis. (medscape.com)

This process is mediated by various enzymes modifying chromatin structures to achieve the diversity of epigenetic space and the intricacy in gene expression files. (frontiersin.org)
Recent advances in understanding the role that epigenetics plays in cancer pathogenesis and understanding the mechanisms through which these processes regulate gene expression have stimulated considerable interest in developing clinically viable antineoplastic agents that target enzymatic components of transcriptional regulatory complexes responsible for the establishment of pathologic epigenetic modifications that lead to deregulated gene expression in cancer. (aacrjournals.org)
Central to the epigenetic control of gene expression is the histone code through which input signals can be translated into a heritable pattern of gene expression defining cellular output states ( Fig. 1 ). (aacrjournals.org)
Decitabine (5-aza-2-deoxycytidine) is a DNA methyltransferase inhibitor and an archetypal epigenetic medication for the therapy of myeloid leukemias. (woofahs.com)
This represents the unique rule of epigenetic tumor therapy, which seeks at using drug-induced DNA hypomethylation to restore the appearance of genetics that are affected by hypermethylation-induced gene silencing (6). (woofahs.com)
These findings are consistent with REC8 being a novel major bona fide tumor suppressor gene and a robust epigenetic target of the PI3K pathway. (oncotarget.com)
Reversion of the epigenetic lock by 5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine and trichostatin A resulted in EDN3 mRNA re-expression in vitro . (biomedcentral.com)
however, aberrant epigenetic silencing of the imprinted Dlk1-Dio3 gene cluster often hinders their developmental potency and ability to contribute to high-grade chimerism in mice. (northwestern.edu)

Conversely, increased deoxycytidine kinase activity is associated with increased activation of these agents to cytotoxic nucleoside triphosphate derivatives. (wikipedia.org)

The deoxyribonucleoside salvage pathway with the rate-limiting enzyme deoxycytidine kinase (dCK) captures extracellular deoxyribonucleosides for use in intracellular deoxyribonucleotide metabolism . (bvsalud.org)

5-Aza-2'-deoxycytidine (d-AZA) replaces cytidine in DNA thereby altering gene expression by passively removing methyl groups. (illinois.edu)
Intro The cytidine analog decitabine (5-aza-2-deoxycytidine, DAC) represents a Foretinib potent anticancer medication for the treatment of myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) and severe myelogenous leukemia (AML) (1,2). (woofahs.com)
2'-deoxycytidine (DC), belong to cytidine family is used as demethylating agent. (magnusconferences.com)

However, treatment of activated B cells with the methyltransferase inhibitor 5-aza-2′-deoxycytidine before and at early stages of reprogramming attenuates hypermethylation of the Dlk1-Dio3 locus in resultant iPSCs and enables them to form high-grade chimerism in mice. (northwestern.edu)

These results suggest that differential expression of Apaf-1 and caspase-3 genes may underlie regulation of apoptotic susceptibility during brain development, as well as after acute injury to mature brain, through the intrinsic pathway of caspase activation. (jneurosci.org)
Be it for development, differentiation, stemness, or sex chromosome dosage compensation, stable, cell specific regulation of gene expression is essential for normal function ( 1 ). (aacrjournals.org)
The mechanism responsible for the regulation of PLS3 gene expression remains to be investigated. (symbiosisonlinepublishing.com)

Activation of dCK shifts its substrate specificity toward deoxycytidine, increases intracellular dCTP pools post IR, and enhances the rate of DNA repair. (biomasswars.com)

Intracellular detection of Cytosine incorporation in genomic DNA by using 5-ethynyl-2′-deoxycytidine. (alexbortvinlab.org)

Deoxycytidine kinase (dCK) is an enzyme which is encoded by the DCK gene in humans. (wikipedia.org)
Deoxycytidine kinase (dCK) is usually a rate-limiting enzyme in the dN salvage pathway, capable of phosphorylating deoxycytidine (dC), deoxyadenosine (dA) and deoxyguanosine (dG) [3], [4]. (biomasswars.com)

The known demethylating ability of d-AZA coupled with the induction of longbone defects only in the hindlimbs suggests that d-AZA may act by disrupting specific hindlimb gene function through DNA hypomethylation. (illinois.edu)
Many research that looked into the setting of actions of decitabine possess concentrated on the drug's capability to stimulate DNA hypomethylation and gene reactivation. (woofahs.com)
This work strongly suggests that a direct pharmacological inhibition of DNMT1, unlike the use of 5-aza-2′-deoxycytidine, should lead to tumor suppressor gene hypomethylation and re-expression without inducing major DNA damage in leukemia. (pasteur.fr)

We are investigating the impact of specific classes of gene mutations, such as ATM, BRCA1, and MYBL2 on genome integrity. (birmingham.ac.uk)
Mutations in this gene are associated with a myopathic form of mitochondrial DNA depletion syndrome. (nih.gov)
Mutations in the RAS , PIK3CA , and PTEN genes in the PI3K pathway are the main genetic driving force of this pathway in human cancers, including thyroid cancers, particularly FTC and ATC [ 8 , 9 ]. (oncotarget.com)

Therefore, it is important to explore candidate genes that could have significance to the clinical diagnosis, as well as the treatment of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) at the molecular level [ 4 ]. (hindawi.com)
Sequence data of the revised genome annotation including several hundreds of novel transcripts, improved gene models and candidate genes for alternative splicing have been made accessible in a comprehensive database. (biomedcentral.com)

This gene encodes a protein containing a C3HC4-type RING finger domain, which is a specialized type of Zn-finger that binds two atoms of zinc and is thought to be involved in mediating protein-protein interactions. (cancerindex.org)
While each DNA blueprint, or gene, encodes for a different machine or structure, the genome, the collection of DNA wrapped up inside the nucleus, is much more active than a quiet library of neatly stacked blue-prints. (birmingham.ac.uk)

The expression level of target genes was examined by PCR, western blot, and immunohistochemistry (IHC). (hindawi.com)
The effects of these target genes on ESCC malignant biological behavior were performed in vivo and in vitro . (hindawi.com)
The Kaplan-Meier (K-M) survival analysis and Cox regression were used to analyze the prognostic significance of target genes in ESCC patients. (hindawi.com)
We further explored the cancer-promoting mechanism of target genes in ESCC by sequencing of the genes' exons. (hindawi.com)
However, whether there are functional target genes downstream of THSD7A in ESCC has not been reported. (hindawi.com)
DBC1 functions as a coactivator for AR-V7 and is required for the expression of AR-V7 target genes including CDH2, a mesenchymal marker linked to CRPC progression. (cancerindex.org)

We found that scavenger receptor class A member 5( SCARA5 ), located on chromosome 8p21.1, is the downstream driving gene of THSD7A in ESCC [ 5 ]. (hindawi.com)
This gene is also a translocation partner in anaplastic large cell lymphoma and inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor cases, where a t(2;17)(p23;q25) translocation has been identified with the anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) gene on chromosome 2, and a t(8;17)(q24;q25) translocation has been identified with the MYC gene on chromosome 8. (cancerindex.org)
The human MYL9 gene is located on chromosome 20q11.23 and consists of 8621 bases, with 8 introns and 17 exons. (cusabio.com)

We find that anti-CD40 plus IL-4-activated B cells produce iPSCs that are uniformly hypermethylated in the imprinted Dlk1-Dio3 gene cluster and fail to produce chimerism in mice. (northwestern.edu)

Through a genome-wide search for such genes that were epigenetically controlled by the PI3K pathway in thyroid cancer cells, we found a wide range of genes with broad functions epigenetically targeted by the PI3K pathway. (oncotarget.com)
Gene expression profiling (RNA-seq) and genome-wide sequencing of methylated DNA (MBD-seq) identified dynamic changes in the cardiac methylome during postnatal development [2545 differentially methylated regions (DMRs) from P1 to P14 in the mouse]. (nih.gov)

Experiments in the literature on liver cancer (LC) were repeated to verify the functions of these genes in different tumors. (hindawi.com)
Tumor-related studies have shown the clinical application and research prospects of this gene, suggesting that it might play the important role in the treatment of tumors. (hindawi.com)
The most frequently methylated gene in both primary tumors and cell lines was RASSF1A (40, 86%, respectively). (elsevierpure.com)

Indeed, early cancer research focused on the fact that neoplastic cells have aberrant gene expression and differentiation states, pointing to shared mechanisms between normal development and cancer ( 2 ). (aacrjournals.org)

What does this gene/protein do? (cancerindex.org)
Description of the protein which includes the UniProt Function and the NCBI Gene Summary. (nih.gov)
Demethylating the hypermethylated REC8 gene restored its expression in thyroid cancer cells in which the PI3K pathway was genetically over-activated and induced expression of REC8 protein inhibited the proliferation and colony formation of these cells. (oncotarget.com)

1996) Gene 174: 315-318) flanked with the reset cells, fitting multivariate. (scoutconnection.com)

Eldadah and Faden, 2000 ), we hypothesized that suppression of apoptotic capability during maturation of mammalian brain results from repression of genes involved in the caspase-3 activation pathway, and that injury-induced neuronal apoptosis in the mature brain results from reactivation of these genes. (jneurosci.org)

Targeting deoxycytidine kinase improves symptoms in mouse models of multiple sclerosis. (bvsalud.org)
Our findings showed that activation of cardiac specific genes through DC improves cardiac function through better survival, adhesion and differentiation of transplanted cells. (magnusconferences.com)

This gene is a susceptibility gene for Moyamoya disease, a vascular disorder of intracranial arteries. (cancerindex.org)
Whole exome sequencing identifies MRVI1 as a susceptibility gene for moyamoya syndrome in neurofibromatosis type 1. (cancerindex.org)

5-azacytidine and 5-aza-2′-deoxycytidine are clinically used to treat patients with blood neoplasia. (pasteur.fr)

By contrast, the combination of UHRF1 depletion and histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibition reactivated the silenced genes and strongly suppressed CRC cell proliferation. (biomedcentral.com)

Mechanisms of disease: Polymorphisms of androgen regulatory genes in the development of prostate cancer. (uclahealth.org)
We successfully employed deep sequencing RNA-Seq data in combination with an elaborate bioinformatics strategy in order to identify novel genes, incorrect gene models and mechanisms of transcript processing in the corn anthracnose fungus C. graminicola . (biomedcentral.com)
Large-scale genomics and transcriptomics approaches have been proven to enable the identification of pathogenicity genes in fungi affecting humans or plants [ 8 ], which makes them valuable tools towards a better understanding of fungal infection mechanisms. (biomedcentral.com)
Therefore, the study of IBD must be faced exploiting an integrated and multilevel approach, ranging from genes, transcripts and proteins to pathways altered in affected tissues, and carefully considering their regulatory mechanisms, which may intervene in the pathology onset. (biomedcentral.com)

Despite the substantial demethylation, however, UHRF1 depletion only minimally reversed CpG island hypermethylation-associated gene silencing. (biomedcentral.com)
Hypermethylation of CpG islands within gene promoter regions is a major cause of tumor suppressor gene inactivation, and a subset of cancers exhibits concurrent hypermethylation of multiple CpG islands, which is referred to as the CpG island methylator phenotype (CIMP) [ 3 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
The most prominent among these genes was REC8 , classically known as a meiotic-specific gene, which we found to be robustly down-regulated by the PI3K pathway through hypermethylation. (oncotarget.com)
Actually, an inverse correlation between transcriptional activation and hypermethylation of local CpG sites has been reported for a number of genes in association with cell-type-specific expression and repression during tumorigenesis [13]. (symbiosisonlinepublishing.com)
Hypermethylation of the EDN3 promoter could be identified as the predominant mechanism leading to gene silencing. (biomedcentral.com)

Infinium BeadChip assays and bisulfite pyrosequencing revealed significant demethylation across entire genomic regions, including CpG islands, gene bodies, intergenic regions, and repetitive elements. (biomedcentral.com)
Their antileukemic property is mediated by the trapping and the subsequent degradation of a family of proteins, the DNA methyltransferases (DNMT1, DNMT3A, and DNMT3B) leading to DNA demethylation, tumor suppressor gene re-expression and DNA damage. (pasteur.fr)
In addition we addressed the role of DNA damage formation in DNA demethylation by 5-aza-2′-deoxycytidine. (pasteur.fr)
Most interestingly, by combining DNMT1 siRNA and treatment with low dose of 5-aza-2′-deoxycytidine, it is possible to uncouple DNA damage formation from DNA demethylation. (pasteur.fr)

Specifically, ROCK acts as a substrate for myosin light chain, facilitating the phosphorylation and dephosphorylation of the MYL9 gene. (cusabio.com)

We recently discovered new ways the BRCA1 gene functions which could help expand our understanding of the development of ovarian and breast cancers. (birmingham.ac.uk)

It stimulates the cardiac specific genes and proteins expression and directs Mesenchymal Stem Cells differentiation towards cardiomyogenic lineage. (magnusconferences.com)
Our aim was to analyze 2'-deoxycytidine activated rat umbilical cord derived mesenchymal stem cells (UC-MSCs) for their potential role in adhesion and cardiac differentiation. (magnusconferences.com)

The combination of UHRF1 depletion and HDAC inhibition also induced marked changes in the gene expression profiles such that cell cycle-related genes were strikingly downregulated. (biomedcentral.com)

Among the nTARs, 146 share significant similarity with proteins that have been identified in other species suggesting that they are hitherto unidentified genes in C. graminicola . (biomedcentral.com)

Here we demonstrate that, during brain maturation, the potential of the intrinsic apoptotic pathway is progressively reduced and that such repression is associated with downregulation of apoptotic protease-activating factor-1 (Apaf-1) and caspase-3 gene expression. (jneurosci.org)

Based on the nucleotide sequence information of transcripts, we identified 819 novel transcriptionally active regions (nTARs) and revised 906 incorrectly predicted gene models, including revisions of exon-intron structure, gene orientation and sequencing errors. (biomedcentral.com)

The aim of the study was to screen the downstream functional genes of THSD7A and explore their functions in ESCC, based on the reported research into THSD7A function and on gene microarrays. (hindawi.com)
Gene expression was analyzed using RT-PCR and gene expression microarrays. (biomedcentral.com)

RNA-Seq offers the potential for substantially improved gene annotations and for the identification of posttranscriptional RNA modifications, such as alternative splicing and RNA editing. (biomedcentral.com)

An annotated genomic sequence of the corn anthracnose fungus Colletotrichum graminicola has been published previously, but correct identification of gene models by means of automated gene annotation remains a challenge. (biomedcentral.com)
This represents genomic B-times, for a surprisingly reversible Assisted Dying: Who Makes B. Since we mostly are the MLEs from the recombinant serum, we can improve these recently block-diagonal determinants for each size class absorption, exactly looking time-to-event such genes in growing coexpressed final populations. (scoutconnection.com)

Cells have built in machinery to turn off and on gene expression permanently. (aacrjournals.org)

Both glutathione S-transferase pi ( GSTpi ) (80%, 24/30 in tumor and 56.7%, 17/30 in the paired non-cancerous tissues) and cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator, ATP-binding cassette (sub-family C, member 7) ( CFTR ) (77%, 23/30 in tumor and 50%, 15/30 in the paired non-cancerous tissues) genes were prevalently hypermethylated in HCC as well as their neighboring non-cancerous tissues. (wjgnet.com)

Specifically, we have been focusing on Polycomb-group (PcG) genes, which play an important role in supporting self-renewal. (karger.com)

Our previous study found that the thrombospondin type 1 domain-containing 7A ( THSD7A ) gene plays a procancer role in ESCC and participates in important signaling pathways, including mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR). (hindawi.com)

Although genetics have played a dominant role in cancer research, epigenetics (heritable changes in gene function that do not involve alterations in DNA sequence) has become equally important in this field. (aacrjournals.org)

In the present study, the relation between deoxycytidine kinase (dCK) activity and the radiosensitising effect of gemcitabine was investigated in eight different human tumour cell lines. (biomedcentral.com)
This may be due to increase in the gene expression of some of the cell adhesion molecules as evident by qRT-PCR analysis. (magnusconferences.com)
A molecular feature of Sezary syndrome (SS), the leukemic variant of cutaneous T-cell lymphomas (CTCL), is the abnormal gene expression of PLS3 in 3 out of 4 patients [1-9]. (symbiosisonlinepublishing.com)

N4-Ethyl-deoxycytidine (N4-Et-dC) is typically used to minimize the deleterious effect of large variations in GC content in target/probe sequences on the results produced by techniques involving simultaneous hybridization of many sequences, for example, DNA chip or reverse hybridization protocols (1). (genelink.com)

When B provides However 1)-th, the Assisted can compare observed from the longitudinal integrants of the gene processes. (scoutconnection.com)

Loss of DKK3 gene is associated with a possible tumor suppressor role in human cancers. (amrita.edu)
Human genes altered in IBD have been collected from literature, paying particular interest for the immune system alterations prompted by the interaction with the gut microbiome. (biomedcentral.com)
The resource provides a section devoted to human genes identified as altered in IBD, which can be queried at different biomolecular levels and visualised in gene-centred report pages. (biomedcentral.com)
The IBDsite is an attempt to group available information regarding human genes and microbial aspects related to IBD, by means of a multilevel mining tool. (biomedcentral.com)
The diverse human myosins family consists of 12 classes (I-XII) with 40 identified myosin genes. (cusabio.com)
Raltegravir prevents integration of the proviral gene into human DNA by inhibiting the catalytic activity of integrase. (medscape.com)

But the idea of stably changing gene expression in vivo has transformative potential in cancer therapy and beyond. (aacrjournals.org)

Anatomy4

Organisms2

Diseases2

Chemicals and Drugs73

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment3

Phenomena and Processes12

Information Science2

Methylation16

Phosphorylates6

Epigenetic8

Kinase activity1

Deoxyribonucleosides1

Cytidine3

Methyltransferase1

Regulation3

DCTP1

Intracellular1

Enzyme2

Hypomethylation3

Mutations3

Candidate genes2

Encodes2

Target genes6

Chromosome3

Mice1

Genome-wide2

Tumors3

Aberrant1

Protein3

19961

Reactivation1

Improves2

Susceptibility2

Clinically1

Histone1

Mechanisms4

Hypermethylation5

Demethylation4

Phosphorylation1

BRCA11

Mesenchymal2

Depletion1

Proteins1

Repression1

Transcripts1

Microarrays2

Modifications1

Genomic2

Cells1

Tissues1

Specifically1

Pathways1

Epigenetics1

Cell3

Typically1

Processes1

Human6

Vivo1