• Rhombotin 1 (RBTN1 or TTG-1) and rhombotin-2 (RBTN2 or TTG-2) are proteins of about 160 amino acids whose genes are disrupted by chromosomal translocations in T-cell leukemia. (embl.de)
  • By tiling 238 proteins, we find repressors as short as ten amino acids. (stanford.edu)
  • The sequence consisted of 2045 bp, and contained an open reading frame (ORF), encoded 322 amino acids. (gc.ca)
  • In this work, a computational study is described to identify novel potential peptides designed by employing a database of non-natural amino acids. (mdpi.com)
  • The sequence of PURINES and PYRIMIDINES in nucleic acids and polynucleotides. (lookformedical.com)
  • The order of amino acids as they occur in a polypeptide chain. (lookformedical.com)
  • This means that the predicted protein product of the PRI protein contains the Hox-C6 homeodomain but is truncated by 82 amino acids compared with the PRII product. (ox.ac.uk)
  • T, p.*238Lext57, which is predicted to add an extra 57 amino acids to the normal protein chain. (molvis.org)
  • The presence of a homeodomain (HD), which comprises 60 amino acids, makes a three-helix tertiary structure, that binds the promoter regions of specific target genes (Sharif et al. (grassius.org)
  • BRCA2 gene promoter has bi-directional activity, expressing BRCA2 and a novel C4-type zinc finger containing transcription factor ZAR2. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Description: PDX1 (pancreatic and duodenal homeobox 1), also known as insulin promoter factor 1, is a transcription factor in the ParaHox gene cluster. (lifchem.com)
  • Description: Pancreatic duodenal homeobox-1 protein (PDX-1), also designated Insulin promoter factor (IPF1), Insulin upstream factor 1 (IUF1), somatostatin transactivating factor-1 (STF-1) and glucose-sensitive factor (GSF), is a 282 amino acid homeodomain-containing transcription factor present in pancreatic cells. (lifchem.com)
  • The High-efficiency solid phase peptide synthesis (HE-SPPS) is give very low production costs.The activation of transcription factor subunits is the first step of gene expression, in which a particular segment of DNA is copied into RNA (mRNA) by the enzyme RNA polymerases. (homeodomains.com)
  • Expression of thyroid transcription factor 1 gene can be regulated at the transcriptional and posttranscriptional levels. (uniud.it)
  • HOXD13, the most 5' gene of the HOXD cluster, encodes a homeodomain transcription factor with important functions in limb patterning and growth. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Genetic analysis of plant architecture has led to the discovery of key genes that function in meristems, including the maize ( Zea mays ) transcription factor knotted1 ( kn1 ), the founding member of the kn1 homeobox ( knox ) gene family (Vollbrecht et al. (grassius.org)
  • Homeobox domain genes are mainly involved in controlling the growth and developmental processes such as transition through phases in an organism by encoding a certain transcription factor. (grassius.org)
  • Since the discovery of the Kn1 gene, a large number of transcription factor (TF) genes encoding proteins with homeodomains have been found in all plants and there are about 135 family members in maize. (grassius.org)
  • The WOX genes form a plant-specific subclade of the eukaryotic homeobox transcription factor superfamily, which is characterized by the presence of a conserved DNA-binding homeodomain. (gao-lab.org)
  • The forkhead box D3 ( FOXD3 ) gene encodes a forkhead transcription factor that plays an important role in neural crest specification in vertebrates and therefore may be involved in human eye disease. (molvis.org)
  • The encoded protein acts as a transcription factor and regulates procollagen lysyl hydroxylase gene expression. (utsouthwestern.edu)
  • RB1 encodes the protein pRB and was the first tumor suppressor gene to be molecularly defined. (medscape.com)
  • We identified and cloned a mouse double homeobox gene (Duxbl), which encodes two homeodomains. (ntnu.edu.tw)
  • For example, the TP53 gene, located on chromosome 17, encodes a 53-kd nuclear protein that functions as a cell cycle checkpoint. (medscape.com)
  • From a cDNA library of 3-day after-pollination (DAP) rice embryos we cloned a HAZ1 cDNA that encodes a protein with a PHD-finger domain and a homeodomain. (elsevierpure.com)
  • Np17 is located on chromosome 8, consists of 7 exons, and encodes a 16.8kDa nuclear protein with149 amino-acid residue. (aging-us.com)
  • In this study, we have identified and characterized a novel cellular homolog of HERV-K np9 gene, which encodes a nuclear oncoprotein of 17kDa associated with human leukemia and is referred to as np17 gene. (aging-us.com)
  • Comparative analyses of its 38.5-megabase genome, which encodes 13,210 predicted genes, reveal the species's unique wood-degrading machinery. (nature.com)
  • A homeobox (HB) encodes a protein domain, the homeodomain (HD), which is a conserved 60-amino acid motif present in transcription factors found in all the eukaryotic organisms. (gao-lab.org)
  • This gene encodes a member of the RIEG/PITX homeobox family, which is in the bicoid class of homeodomain proteins. (utsouthwestern.edu)
  • The ms4 locus was fine mapped to a 216 kb region, which contains 23 protein-coding genes including Glyma.02G243200 , an ortholog of Arabidopsis MALE MEIOCYTE DEATH 1 ( MMD1 ), which is a Plant Homeodomain (PHD) protein involved in male fertility. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The plant homeodomain (PHD) finger is a C4HC3 zinc-finger-like motif found in nuclear proteins thought to be involved in epigenetics and chromatin-mediated transcriptional regulation. (embl-heidelberg.de)
  • PHD: plant homeodomain fingers or LAP domains. (atlasgeneticsoncology.org)
  • The predicted protein sequence contained a highly conserved homeodomain and the WUS-box domain, which is present in some members of the WOX protein family. (gc.ca)
  • Genes that encode highly conserved TRANSCRIPTION FACTORS that control positional identity of cells (BODY PATTERNING) and MORPHOGENESIS throughout development. (lookformedical.com)
  • An orthology relationship of these genes with the highly conserved Otx5 genes identified in fish and amphibians, and also expressed in the eye and epiphysis, has been proposed previously but remains controversial. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Since endothelial cell differentiation is one of the main steps to initiate vasculogenesis and angiogenesis, we analyzed the role of several Hox genes in the regulation of these two processes. (intechopen.com)
  • Homeodomain proteins are involved in the control of gene expression during morphogenesis and development (GENE EXPRESSION REGULATION, DEVELOPMENTAL). (lookformedical.com)
  • TP53 activates the expression of genes involved in apoptosis, cell cycle regulation (p21), and MDM2. (medscape.com)
  • While BRCA2 expression is involved in cell cycle checkpoints and DNA repair, the mechanisms of cell cycle-dependent regulation of BRCA2 gene expression remains elusive. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The encoded nuclear protein is involved in the early development of the pancreas and plays a major role in glucose-dependent regulation of insulin gene expression. (lifchem.com)
  • In this chapter, we summarized the evidence to support the function of Hox genes in adult tissues, specifically in endothelial cell differentiation, by studying their mechanism of action and how their target genes regulate vasculogenesis and angiogenesis. (intechopen.com)
  • KDM5A-mediated histone H3 lysine 4 demethylation contributes to silencing of retinoblastoma target genes (Chicas et al. (atlasgeneticsoncology.org)
  • Pit-1, a member of the POU domain family of transcription factors, characterized by a bipartite DNA-binding domain, serves critical developmental functions based on binding to diverse DNA elements in its target genes. (rcsb.org)
  • These features suggest the molecular basis of disease-causing mutations in Pit-1 and provide potential basis for the flexible allostery between protein domains and DNA sites in the activation of target genes. (rcsb.org)
  • The protein of MSX1 serves as a repressor for gene transcription and interchanges with other homeoproteins. (wikipedia.org)
  • We find a relationship between repressor function and evolutionary age for the KRAB domains, discover that Homeodomain repressor strength is collinear with Hox genetic organization, and identify activities for several domains of unknown function. (stanford.edu)
  • A ubiquitously expressed sequence-specific transcriptional repressor that is normally the target of signaling by NOTCH PROTEINS. (harvard.edu)
  • a beta-cell-specific transcriptional enhancer found in the insulin gene. (embl.de)
  • Here, we develop HT-recruit, a pooled assay where protein libraries are recruited to a reporter, and their transcriptional effects are measured by sequencing. (stanford.edu)
  • We have isolated a murine cDNA encoding a 9-kD protein, Chisel (Csl), in a screen for transcriptional targets of the cardiac homeodomain factor Nkx2-5. (ox.ac.uk)
  • The protein encoded by this gene is a transcriptional activator of several genes, including insulin, somatostatin, glucokinase, islet amyloid polypeptide, and glucose transporter type 2. (lifchem.com)
  • OTX2 is a 289 amino acid containing protein encoding a member of the bicoid sub-family of homeodomain-containing transcription factors. (thermofisher.com)
  • And even though 00:05:14.01 bicoid as an RNA or a gene product was a newly evolved solution 00:05:19.25 to the problem of patterning in the embryo and arose during the evolution 00:05:23.17 of the Diptera, all of these insects here share the common feature 00:05:29.13 that their anterior/posterior patterning depends on bicoid. (ibiology.org)
  • Their sequences contain a 180 nucleotide sequence designated the homeobox, so called because mutations of these genes often results in homeotic transformations, in which one body structure replaces another. (lookformedical.com)
  • Large tumor genome sequencing projects have now uncovered a few hundred genes involved in the onset of tumorigenesis, or drivers, in some two dozen malignancies. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The catalog of driver genes involved in the development of several malignancies has grown in recent years, as a result of whole-exome and whole-genome analyses of cohorts of tumors, mainly within the framework of large international consortia [ 3 , 4 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • NFKB 105 subunit for example is a polypetide gene enhancer of genes in B cells.Peptides short amino acid chains or epitopes or blocking antagonists. (homeodomains.com)
  • Consequently, several anterior segment dysgenesis phenotypes are associated with mutations in genes expressed during neural crest development. (molvis.org)
  • Tumor suppressor genes encode proteins that normally provide negative control of cell proliferation. (medscape.com)
  • These genes encode proteins that are required for the development and maintenance of photoreceptor structure and its matrix membranes, visual transduction, ciliary trafficking and photoreceptor outer segment shedding. (molvis.org)
  • One step in this direction is thus to understand exactly which downstream genes and cellular processes become affected in the outcome of driver alterations. (biomedcentral.com)
  • 2021). ZmHOX32 , a member of the HD-ZIP III family (that also harbor a START domain that is able to bind to steroid ligands), appears to function in leaf morphogenesis and plant photosynthesis as judged by the enriched category of downstream genes that it regulates (Miao et al. (grassius.org)
  • The reverse activity transcribes the ZAR2 mRNA with 966 nt coding sequence which codes for a 321 amino acid protein. (biomedcentral.com)
  • How Gene Expression (mRNA and protein synthesis) is spatially controlled in embryos. (albertkharris.com)
  • [ 3 ] Loss of function mutations in this gene are implicated in pediatric retinoblastoma. (medscape.com)
  • [ 1 ] His prediction was subsequently supported by the cloning of the retinoblastoma tumor suppressor gene ( RB1 ) and by functional studies of the retinoblastoma protein, Rb. (medscape.com)
  • Cloning of cDNAs for cellular proteins that bind to the retinoblastoma gene product. (wikigenes.org)
  • Most known CUX1 functions derive from studies on cancer cells, where the gene can act as an oncogene or a haploinsufficient tumor suppressor gene [ 12 ]. (nature.com)
  • Here we report the discovery of a novel oncogene, Np17, which is homologous to the viral Np9 gene and predominantly present in Hominoidea. (aging-us.com)
  • These gene sequences are conservative through evolution (for example have homologous sequences in flies and in vertebrates) although they don't necessarily have the same function. (albertkharris.com)
  • It is the only mushroom-forming fungus for which genes have been inactivated by homologous recombination. (nature.com)
  • The molecular mass of the expressed protein was identical to that predicted by the cDNA sequence. (gc.ca)
  • Descriptions of specific amino acid, carbohydrate, or nucleotide sequences which have appeared in the published literature and/or are deposited in and maintained by databanks such as GENBANK, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), National Biomedical Research Foundation (NBRF), or other sequence repositories. (lookformedical.com)
  • Molecular characterization of the male sterility genes will be the key to establish a sterility system for commercial application in hybrid seed production. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Molecular modeling of the Ile314Leu mutation indicates that this mixed gain and loss of affinity may be accounted for by the relative positions of methyl groups in the amino acid side chain and target base. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Overall, when she began working in this lab with Wieschaus she discovered new ways of working on recombinant DNA and molecular biology with the focus to clone developmentally interesting genes. (wepapers.com)
  • The objective of this study was to identify and functionally characterize the gene responsible for the male sterility in the ms4 mutant. (biomedcentral.com)
  • This has opened up the possibility to carry out systematic studies to uncover the repertoire of functionally related groups of driver genes. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Vollbrecht E, Veit B, Sinha N, Hake S. The developmental gene Knotted-1 is a member of a maize homeobox gene family. (grassius.org)
  • The WUSCHEL (WUS)-related homeobox (WOX) gene family coordinates transcription during the early phases of embryogenesis. (gc.ca)
  • Phylogenetic analysis showed presence of a homolog protein (MS4_homolog) encoded by the Glyma.14G212300 gene. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The functional complementation of Arabidopsis mmd1 mutant with the soybean Ms4 gene produced normal stamens, successful tetrad formation, fertile pollens and viable seeds, whereas the Ms4_homolog was not able to restore male fertility. (biomedcentral.com)
  • As expected, we identified a cellular homolog of the viral np9 gene from Homo sapiens cDNA FLJ26472 fis containing an intact open reading frame (ORF) (450bp) ( Supplementary Figure 1 ). (aging-us.com)
  • Studies done in mice, have shown that MSX1 and PAX9 encode transcription factors with different DNA binding sequence patterns, a paired domain and homeodomain, which are co-expressed during tooth development. (wikipedia.org)
  • In studies of homozygous mice, it has been found that deletion of the MSX1 gene has resulted in a double cleft palate, deficiency of the alveolar bone, failure of incisor and molar development. (wikipedia.org)
  • One pathway, which has been extensively studied in yeast, is mainly guided by chromatin structure and the other, analyzed in detail in mice, is driven by the sequence-specific DNA-binding PR domain-containing protein 9 (PRDM9). (springer.com)
  • A database search showed that HAZ1 was most similar in its entire amino acid sequence to Zmhox1a (52% identity) and Zmhox1b (50%), PHD-finger family homeodomain proteins of maize. (elsevierpure.com)
  • 1991). The maize Kn1 gene was found to encode a homeodomain-containing protein, the first identified in the plant kingdom. (grassius.org)
  • In maize a total of 21 ZHD genes with different physicochemical properties were found distributed on nine chromosomes in maize (Islam et al. (grassius.org)
  • Bolduc N, Tyers RG, Freeling M, Hake S. Unequal redundancy in maize knotted1 homeobox genes. (grassius.org)
  • Throughout this paper I will detail the early career of Dr. Nusslein-Volhard and the ways in which her research helped to revolutionize the field of developmental biology as it pertains to embryonic development and gene analysis/function. (wepapers.com)
  • Equatorial segment protein (ESP), a novel 349-amino acid concanavalin-A-binding protein encoded by a two-exon gene ( SP-ESP ) located on chromosome 15 at q22, has been localized to the equatorial segment of ejaculated human sperm. (bioone.org)
  • The high sequence similarity of Six3 with the Drosophila sine oculis, and its expression during eye development, suggests that this gene is the likely murine homologue. (nih.gov)
  • The notion could be that unique cellular mechanisms are triggered in the breast cancer cells to stimulate BRCA2 gene expression as a temporary measure to regulate the growth of the breast cancer cells. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Duxbl gene, a tandem triplicate produces two major transcripts, Duxbl and Duxbl-s. (ntnu.edu.tw)
  • Spatial localisation of transcripts of the Hox-C6 gene. (ox.ac.uk)
  • The Hox-C6 gene, in common with its Xenopus and human homologues, is organised as 3 exons with 2 distinct promoters (PRI and PRII) producing 2 different transcripts. (ox.ac.uk)
  • There are many superfamilies of Znf motifs, varying in both sequence and structure. (embl.de)
  • The full-length p200 isoform contains four DNA binding motifs, three CUT repeats, and a homeodomain. (nature.com)
  • In the vertebrate CNS, HB9/MNR2 transcription factors are specifically expressed in all somatic motoneurons and are necessary to distinguish motoneurons from interneurons, in part by repressing interneuron-specific gene expression. (jneurosci.org)
  • On the basis of recent vertebrate studies, the HB9/MNR2 gene family is a prime candidate for a general determinant of somatic motoneuron cell type. (jneurosci.org)
  • Thus, vertebrate HB9/MNR2 genes are expressed specifically in somatic motoneurons and are essential for distinguishing motoneuron/interneuron cell types. (jneurosci.org)
  • Antennapedia homeodomain protein is a homeobox protein involved in limb patterning in ARTHROPODS. (lookformedical.com)
  • Finally, based on the chromosomal localization and the expression pattern of the mouse Six3 gene, the human Six3 cognate could be a good candidate to be at least one of the genes affected in patients with holoprosencephaly type 2 due to an interstitial deletion of 2p21-p22. (nih.gov)
  • Vertebrate insulin gene enhancer binding protein isl-1. (embl.de)
  • Any of the processes by which nuclear, cytoplasmic, or intercellular factors influence the differential control of gene action during the developmental stages of an organism. (lookformedical.com)
  • The analysis of WOX gene expression and function shows that WOX family members fulfill specialized functions in key developmental processes in plants, such as embryonic patterning, stem-cell maintenance and organ formation. (gao-lab.org)
  • The mammalian Crx genes are highly divergent orthodenticle (otd)-related homeogenes that play important roles in the differentiation of retinal photoreceptors and the circadian entrainment. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Homeobox genes that encode transcription factors play important roles in development and differentiation of both plant and animal systems. (elsevierpure.com)
  • Previous studies have demonstrated that transcription factors such as Pax genes play important roles during their development. (biomedcentral.com)
  • No consistent differences were found for the Ser308Cys mutation compared with the wild type, but the Ile314Leu mutation (which resides at the 47th position of the homeodomain) exhibited increased affinity for a target containing the core recognition sequence 5'-TTAC-3' but decreased affinity for a 5'-TTAT-3' target. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Contrary to previous predictions, the dimerization interface involves the carboxyl terminus of the DNA recognition helix of the homeodomain, which in an extended conformation interacts with specific residues at the amino terminus of helix alpha1 and in the loop between helices alpha3 and alpha4 of the POU-specific domain of the symmetry related monomer. (rcsb.org)
  • In addition, encoded proteins by PAX9 genes have a 128 amino acid long DNA binding paired domain. (wikipedia.org)
  • HOX genes belong to a family of transcription factors characterized by a 183 bp DNA sequence called homeobox, which code for a 61-amino-acid domain defined as the homeodomain. (intechopen.com)
  • The homeodomain [of a Hox protein] is a 60-amino-acid-long DNA-binding domain (encoded by its corresponding 180-base-pair DNA sequence, the homeobox). (albertkharris.com)
  • Our results, along with those on Otx - and Hox -gene expression, demonstrate that the cephalopod condition is similar to that in mouse and fruit fly, with Otx being expressed in the anterior-most brain region (except for the vertical lobe) and a Pax2/5/8 expression domain separating the Otx -domain from a Hox -gene-expressing posterior brain region. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The KDM5A (JARID1A) sequence starting with exon 28 still contains the sequence encoding the C-terminal PHD domain. (atlasgeneticsoncology.org)
  • The zinc finger-homeodomain (ZF-HD) TFs, containing a conserved zinc finger (ZF) domain in the N-terminal and a homeodomain (HD) in the C-terminal. (grassius.org)
  • Mammalian and avian cysteine-rich protein (CRP), a 192 amino-acid protein of unknown function. (embl.de)
  • This finding supports the idea that mammals and insects share control genes such as eyeless/Pax6 (Halder, G., Callaerts, P. and Gehring, W. J. (1995) Science 267, 1788-1792), and also possibly other members of the regulatory cascade required for eye morphogenesis. (nih.gov)
  • During transcription, a DNA sequence is read by an RNA polymerase, which produces a complementary, anti-parallel RNA strand called a primary transcript. (homeodomains.com)
  • The amino acid sequences of Duxbl homeodomains are most similar to those of human DUX4 protein, associated with facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy. (ntnu.edu.tw)
  • Another important class of tumor suppressor genes involved in cell cycle control and in the generation of human cancers is the cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) inhibitors. (medscape.com)
  • Although carcinogenic roles for the INK4B, INK4C, INK4D, CIP1, KIP1, and KIP2 genes appear to be limited, INK4A is among the most commonly mutated genes in human tumors. (medscape.com)
  • BRCA2 gene expression is tightly regulated during the cell cycle in human breast cells. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Human BRCA2 gene promoter is active in both the forward and the reverse orientations. (biomedcentral.com)
  • ZAR2 binds to BRCA2/ZAR2 bi-directional promoter in vivo and is responsible, at least in part, for the silencing of BRCA2 gene expression in the G0/G1 phase in human breast cells. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Given that we previously defined the viral np9 gene, which is aberrantly activated in human leukemia, as a potent oncogene [ 1 ], we next attempted to search for cellular homologs of the viral oncogene np9 in NCBI database by performing alignment using Np9 protein sequence. (aging-us.com)
  • Names are often "whimsical" - mutants with no hearts might be called "Heartless", but the name "Tinman" (from The Wizard of Oz) was chosen for one of the best-characterized genes that can be mutated to produce embryos that fail to develop a heart. (albertkharris.com)
  • However, she had a breakthrough discovering a second gene that seemed to influence pattern formation in the embryos of flies, a gene later called dorsal. (wepapers.com)
  • In this paper, we report the isolation of a sequence-related gene referred to as Six3. (nih.gov)
  • Isolation and sequencing of Glyma.02G243200 from the ms4 mutant line showed a single base insertion in the 3rd exon causing a premature stop codon resulting in truncated protein production. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Immunoglobulin J Recombination Signal Sequence-Binding Protein" is a descriptor in the National Library of Medicine's controlled vocabulary thesaurus, MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) . (harvard.edu)
  • Our understanding of the landscape of pediatric cancer genomics has improved markedly in the past 20 years with the advent of next generation sequencing and other high throughput genetic sequencing. (medscape.com)
  • Phylogenetic analyses of the coding sequences show that the mammalian Crx genes are orthologous to the Otx5-related genes isolated in other gnathostomes. (ox.ac.uk)