PIWI-interacting RNAs (piRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs that partner with PIWI proteins to protect germline tissues from destabilizing transposon activity. (omicsdi.org)
The piwi interacting RNAs (piRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs that specifically bind to the PIWI proteins, a functional requirement. (omicsdi.org)
PIWI-interacting RNAs (piRNAs) are thought to silence transposon and gene expression during development. (omicsdi.org)
PIWI-interacting RNAs (piRNAs) are small noncoding RNAs that play important roles in germline development and carcinogenesis. (omicsdi.org)
PIWI Argonaute proteins and Piwi-interacting RNAs (piRNAs) are expressed in all animal species and play a critical role in cellular defense by inhibiting the activation of transposable elements in the germline. (molcells.org)
Somatic tissues2
However, the roles of piRNAs in somatic tissues are largely unknown. (omicsdi.org)
Recently, new evidence suggests that PIWI proteins and piRNAs also play important roles in various somatic tissues, including neurons. (molcells.org)
RNAs2
In Caenorhabditis elegans , RNA-dependent RNA polymerases (RdRPs) are used for the small RNA-guided production of additional small RNAs 8 that are complementary to terminally modified mRNA fragments 9 . (nature.com)
piRNA is the most diverse class of regulatory RNAs in general. (molcells.org)
MRNA4
A piRNA utilizes HILI and HIWI2 mediated pathway to down-regulate ferritin heavy chain 1 mRNA in human somatic cells. (omicsdi.org)
We discovered a human piRNA (piR-FTH1) which has a complementary sequence in the ferritin heavy chain 1 (Fth1) mRNA. (omicsdi.org)
Since the current piRNA-mediated knockdowns of target mRNA are mostly reported in germ line cells, piRNA-mediated post-transcriptional gene regulation in somatic cells is rather unique in its application and mechanistically uses an alternative pathway to siRNA and miRNA. (omicsdi.org)
Integrated mRNA and miRNA profiling data provided comprehensive gene expression information on the wild-type and multi-tepal mutant at the transcriptional level that could facilitate our understanding of the molecular mechanisms of floral patterning of C. goeringii . (biomedcentral.com)
Pathways4
Over-expression of the most down-regulated piRNA in GBM tissue, piR-8041, was found to reduce glioma cell line proliferation, induce cell cycle arrest and apoptosis, and inhibit cell survival pathways. (omicsdi.org)
This review also discusses the consequences of dysregulation of neuronal PIWI-piRNA pathways in certain neurological disorders, including neurodevelopmental and neurodegenerative diseases. (molcells.org)
A full understanding of neuronal PIWI-piRNA pathways will ultimately provide novel insights into small RNA biology and could potentially provide precise targets for therapeutic applications. (molcells.org)
Enriched pathways analysis of these positively correlated genes featured Toll-like receptor and SUMOylation pathways. (preprints.org)
Pathway4
This review summarizes the neuronal functions of the PIWI-piRNA pathway in multiple animal species, including their involvement in axon regeneration, behavior, memory formation, and transgenerational epigenetic inheritance of adaptive memory. (molcells.org)
Given that one of the major roles of the piRNA pathway is the inactivation of transposable elements, impairment of this pathway can lead to overexpression of transposable elements, which may result in increased genome stability and thus germ cell defects and sterility. (molcells.org)
The majority of the gene ontology terms and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway enrichment responses were for membrane-building and ploidy-related processes, consistent with the excessive floral organs and altered cell size observed in the mutant. (biomedcentral.com)
We showed previously that cytoplasmic release of mtDNA activates the cGAS STING TBK1 pathway resulting in interferon-stimulated gene (ISG) expression that promotes antiviral immunity4. (regenerativemedicine.net)
Germline1
The piRNAs regulate germline development, transposons control, and gene expression. (omicsdi.org)
Poorly understood2
Scientific and social factors have resulted in a focus on well-studied proteins, leading to a concern that poorly understood genes are unjustifiably neglected. (biorxiv.org)
Our work demonstrates the importance of poorly understood genes, provides a resource for future research acceleration, and highlights a need for our awareness of ignorance to be protected from erosion by automated database annotation. (biorxiv.org)
Roles1
Finally, some genes may have roles that are not relevant to laboratory conditions ( Peña-Castillo and Hughes, 2007 ). (biorxiv.org)
Transcriptome3
In this study, we used the deep sequencing of small RNA Transcriptome to explore the piRNA expression in six clear cell renal carcinoma (ccRCC) tissues and matched adjacent normal tissues and found that six piRNAs were upregulated and sixteen were downregulated in ccRCC tissues. (omicsdi.org)
use Circos to visualize the transcriptome and gene expression of placenta from 20 healthy women in their article A comprehensive analysis of the human placenta transcriptome . (genomevisualization.com)
Using this database, researchers can quickly retrieve the expression level data for target genes in different tissues and in response to different treatments to elucidate gene functions and explore the biology of rapeseed at the transcriptome level. (preprints.org)
Transposable1
A transposable element (TE, transposon, or jumping gene) is a nucleic acid sequence in DNA that can change its position within a genome, sometimes creating or reversing mutations and altering the cell's genetic identity and genome size. (wikipedia.org)
Drosophila1
We applied RNAi in Drosophila to 260 unknown genes that are conserved between flies and humans. (biorxiv.org)
Tissues2
We performed array-based piRNA expression profiling in seven pairs of normal brain and glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) tissue specimens, and identified expression of ~350 piRNAs in both tissues and a subset with dysregulated expression in GBM. (omicsdi.org)
Among them, piRNA-31115 (NCBI accession number: DQ571003) was the most upregulated piRNA in ccRCC tissues compared with matched adjacent normal tissues. (omicsdi.org)
Patterns2
Distinctive piRNA/piRNA-L expression patterns are observed between HBE and NSCLC cells. (omicsdi.org)
We determined the expression patterns of 101,040 genes via FPKM analysis and displayed the results using the eFP browser. (preprints.org)
MRNAs1
This work begins to lay the groundwork with a broader impact on treatment of various diseases that are linked to elevated levels of specific mRNAs which have a piRNA target. (omicsdi.org)
Understood1
However, piRNA-mediated post-transcriptional gene regulation in human somatic cells is not well understood. (omicsdi.org)
MiRNAs1
Small RNA sequencing revealed 132 conserved miRNA families expressed in flowers of C. goeringii , and 11 miRNAs corresponding to 455 putative target genes were considered to be responsible for multi-tepal development. (biomedcentral.com)
Proteins6
While the aberrant expression of PIWI proteins has been linked with poor outcomes for many cancers, less is known about the expression or function of piRNAs in cancer. (omicsdi.org)
A piRNA-like small RNA interacts with and modulates p-ERM proteins in human somatic cells. (omicsdi.org)
piRNA-like-163 (piR-L-163), the top downregulated piRNA-L in NSCLC cells, binds directly to phosphorylated ERM proteins (p-ERM), which is dependent on the central part of UUNNUUUNNUU motif in piR-L-163 and the RRRKPDT element in ERM. (omicsdi.org)
Thus, piRNA/piRNA-L may play a regulatory role through direct interaction with proteins in physiological and pathophysiological conditions. (omicsdi.org)
The advent of genome sequencing revealed in humans and other species thousands of genes encoding proteins that had not been identified by previous biochemical or genetic studies. (biorxiv.org)
The mystery and the potential biological significance of these unknown genes is enhanced by many of them being well conserved, and many of them being completely unrelated to known proteins and thus lacking clues to their function. (biorxiv.org)
Genetic4
This refuted the popular genetic theory of the time that genes were fixed in their position on a chromosome. (wikipedia.org)
Genes controlling floral organ identity have been identified through the genetic analysis of homeotic mutants, leading to the ABCDE model, in which five classes of regulatory genes (A, B, C, D and E) work in a combinatorial manner to confer the organ identities of the four whorls [ 10 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
The ability to control gene expression is pivotal in genetic engineering and synthetic biology. (geneconvenevi.org)
CRISPR/Cas9-mediated gene editing provides an effective method for deciphering the molecular mechanisms underlying mosquito development and mosquito-borne disease transmission, as well as for exploring genetic control strategies. (geneconvenevi.org)
Sequences1
We used this information to develop the BrassicaEDB, including eFP, Treatment, Coexpression, and SRA Project modules based on gene expression profiles and Gene Feature, qPCR Primer, and BLAST modules based on gene sequences. (preprints.org)
Regulation3
However, functional genomic studies and the gene discovery associated with floral pattern regulation remains greatly limited in C. goeringii [ 6 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
There are mechanisms by which environmental exposures induces epigenetic changes by affecting regulation and gene expression. (cloudfront.net)
Expression10
Changes that stably alter gene expression across generations presumably require particular conditions that are currently unknown. (nature.com)
Taken together, our study reveals reduced expression in GBM of piR-8041 and other piRNAs with tumor suppressive properties, and suggests that restoration of such piRNAs may be a potential strategy for GBM therapy. (omicsdi.org)
These elements are involved in control of gene expression which governs the phenotype and also plays role in disease biology. (researchgate.net)
Aberrant GLYAT expression is associated with human cancers, yet its role in cancer remains unknown. (sdbonline.org)
However, in most non-model and pest insect species, empirical evidence for predictable modulation of gene expression levels is lacking. (geneconvenevi.org)
The BrassicaEDB provides comprehensive gene expression profile information and a user-friendly visualization interface for Brassica crop researchers. (preprints.org)
All four DPP4-like genes were overexpressed in liver tumours and their joint high expression was associated with poor survival in HCC. (preprints.org)
High expression of genes that positively correlated with overexpression of DPP4, DPP8, and DPP9 were associated with very poor survival in HCC. (preprints.org)
We also analysed the impact of CTCF haploinsufficiency by examining gene expression changes in CTCF -altered endometrial carcinoma. (preprints.org)
Here, we find that persistent mtDNA stress is not associated with basally activated NF-κB signalling or interferon gene expression typical of an acute antiviral response. (regenerativemedicine.net)
Developmental1
Genes associated with human speech and language disorders provide some insights, originating with the FOXP2 transcription factor, a mutation in which is the source of an inherited form of developmental verbal dyspraxia. (comparative-cognition-and-behavior-reviews.org)
Cancer4
Aberrant glycolytic reprogramming is involved in lung cancer progression by promoting the proliferation of non-small cell lung cancer cells. (cjphysiology.org)
Here we report the identification of 555 piRNAs in human lung bronchial epithelial (HBE) and non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cell lines, including 295 that do not exist in databases termed as piRNA-like sncRNAs or piRNA-Ls. (omicsdi.org)
Aberrant activation of SFKs leads to diseases such as cancer, blood disorders, and bone pathologies. (bvsalud.org)
Cancer genome sequencing reveals diverse acquired mutations in CTCF , which we have shown, functions as a tumour suppressor gene. (preprints.org)
Found2
McClintock found that genes could not only move but they could also be turned on or off due to certain environmental conditions or during different stages of cell development. (wikipedia.org)
piRNAs form a complex with the PIWI protein and can be found in both vertebrates and invertebrates. (molcells.org)
Humans1
Due to the exclusivity of language to humans, no single animal model is sufficient to study the complete behavioral effects of these genes. (comparative-cognition-and-behavior-reviews.org)
Human1
piRNA-8041 is downregulated in human glioblastoma and suppresses tumor growth in vitro and in vivo. (omicsdi.org)
Model1
eastablished a linear gene order model for 72% of the rye genes based on synteny information from rice, sorghum and B. distachyon . (genomevisualization.com)
Effects1
This cycle of small RNA production can act across generations, leading to effects that last for varying numbers of generations (Supplementary Table 1 ). (nature.com)
DATA1
Survival and gene signature analyses were performed on hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) data. (preprints.org)
Class1
Class B genes, such as APETALA3 ( AP3 ) and PISTILLATA ( PI ), specify petals and male organs in concert with class A and C genes, respectively. (biomedcentral.com)
Male1
CRISPR/Cas9 gene disruption validated a component of Notch signalling and two genes contributing to male fertility. (biorxiv.org)
Major1
Could a new gene-editing technique be a major breakthrough in the battle against malaria? (geneconvenevi.org)
Cell1
E-cadherin is a protein encoded by the CDH1 gene and is responsible for cell-cell adhesion. (genomevisualization.com)