The current "trinity" of gasotransmitters, nitric oxide, carbon monoxide, and hydrogen sulfide, have ironically been discarded as useless toxic gases throughout history. (wikipedia.org)
Nitric oxide and hydrogen sulfide are highly reactive with numerous molecular targets, whereas carbon monoxide is relatively stable and metabolically inert predominately limited to interacting with ferrous ion complexes within mammalian organisms. (wikipedia.org)
Relative to carbon monoxide and hydrogen sulfide, NO is exceptional due to the fact it is a radical gas. (wikipedia.org)
I proposed the establishment of the 'gasotransmitter' concept and framework firstly in 2002 to characterize and clarify a class of endogenous gas molecules, including nitric oxide (NO), carbon monoxide (CO), and hydrogen sulfide (H 2 S), that function as signaling molecules to direct various molecular and cellular events. (rsc.org)
Nitric oxide3
The 1998 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine was awarded for the discovery of nitric oxide (NO) as an endogenous signaling molecule. (wikipedia.org)
NO is biosynthesized endogenously from L-arginine by various nitric oxide synthase (NOS) enzymes. (wikipedia.org)
For the human body to generate NO through the nitrate-nitrite-nitric oxide pathway, the reduction of nitrate to nitrite occurs in the mouth by the oral microbiome. (wikipedia.org)
Endogenous3
The molecules are distinguished from other bioactive endogenous gaseous signaling molecules based on a need to meet distinct characterization criteria. (wikipedia.org)
The beneficial effects of these endogenous molecules have inspired significant pharmaceutical drug development efforts for each gas. (wikipedia.org)
Hydrogen sulfide (H2S), endogenously derived from L-cysteine in several organs, such as brain, heart, kidney and liver [ 3 ], has been regarded as the third gasotransmitter and endogenous neuromodulator and plays multiple roles in the central nervous system under physiological and pathological states, especially in secondary neuronal injury. (biomedcentral.com)
Gasotransmitters2
Further discussions are elaborated to clarify the gasotransmitter signaling network in eukaryotes with a focus on four interaction nodes: the interaction of gasotransmitters with their producers, interaction of gasotransmitters with their users/targets, interaction of gasotransmitters with their sensors, and the interactions between gasotransmitters themselves. (rsc.org)
The elucidation and description of the molecular and structural features of gasotransmitters, their production pathways, signaling mechanisms, cellular and molecular targets, and functional impact in prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells are the focus of this book. (rsc.org)
Induce1
The goal of this proposal is to investigate a novel preservation method utilizing hydrogen sulfide (H2S) to induce a protective state of hibernation against I/R injury. (gotomydoctor.com)
Beneficial2
These molecules are a classic example of dose-dependent hormesis such that low-dose is beneficial whereas absence or excessive dosing is toxic. (wikipedia.org)
Stem cell transplantation is a promising strategy for therapeutic cardiac regeneration, but current therapies are limited by inefficient interaction between potentially beneficial cells (either exogenously transplanted or endogenously recruited) and the injured tissue. (regenerativemedicine.net)
Production2
These particular gases share many common features in their production and function but carry on their tasks in unique ways which differ from classical signaling molecules. (wikipedia.org)
As a biocide, acrolein is intentionally released into the environment as an herbicide and algicide to control the growth of aquatic plants in irrigation waters, drainage ditches, and processing waters, and as a microbiocide in the control of sulfide producing bacteria and the removal of hydrogen sulfide and iron sulfide from oil production and injection wells. (cdc.gov)
Plants3
Hydrogen sulfide (H 2 S) effectively alleviates heavy metal toxicity in plants and reduces oxidative stress in mammals. (biomedcentral.com)
Recent studies revealed that exogenous gaseous signal molecule hydrogen sulfide (H 2 S) improve Cd tolerance in plants by reducing oxidative damage. (biomedcentral.com)
Nitrate reduction process generally mediated by anaerobic bacteria by which nitrogen available to plants is converted to a gaseous form and lost from the soil or water column. (lookformedical.com)
Studies1
This ongoing area of research has led to further investigations into the 1,5-hydrogen atom transfer process and in particular, studies into the effectiveness of deuterium as a protecting group for C-H bonds in radical and carbene chemistry. (exeter.ac.uk)
Cells1
These attributes make NO ideal for a transient paracrine (between adjacent cells) and autocrine (within a single cell) signaling molecule. (wikipedia.org)
Human1
This messenger who ran from Marathon to Athens to report the victory of the Battle of Marathon is one of the most famous 'signal' carriers in human history. (rsc.org)
Important3
The role of signals and signal networks in our modern society has become more important than ever. (rsc.org)
In this area, we have developed a methodology for the incorporation of protected isocyanates into organic molecules and this chemistry is being applied to the synthesis of a diverse set of biologically important, nitrogen-containing heterocycles. (exeter.ac.uk)
Hydrogen sulfide (H2S), a novel gaseous mediator, has been recognized as an important neuromodulator and neuroprotective agent in the nervous system. (biomedcentral.com)
Modulate1
Lactate not only functions as a metabolic substrate to provide energy but can also function as a signaling molecule to modulate cellular functions under pathophysiological conditions. (bvsalud.org)
Pathways2
The triad of gases have many similar features and participate in shared signaling pathways, although their actions can either be synergistic or as an antagonistic regulator. (wikipedia.org)
EHEC O157:H7 engages intricate regulatory pathways to detect host intestinal signals and regulate virulence-related gene expression during colonization and infection. (bvsalud.org)