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gamma-CrystallinsLens, CrystallineCrystallinsbeta-Crystallin B Chainbeta-Crystallin A Chainbeta-Crystallinsalpha-Crystallin A Chainalpha-Crystallinsdelta-Crystallinsalpha-Crystallin B ChainCataractArgininosuccinate LyaseMolecular Sequence DataAmino Acid SequenceGamma RaysProto-Oncogene Proteins c-mafNative Polyacrylamide Gel ElectrophoresisBase SequenceCattle
ProteinsSubclass of crystallinsCataractCRYGSSuperfamilyBovineCRYSTALLINELens proteinVertebrateMonomericLensesHomologousAcidic groupCRYBA4SubunitsAggregatesGenesMolecularBetaPathwaysAggregationPhenotypeSequenceChainHumanStableInterferonExploresStabilityProtectiveAlphaHumansMajorFamiliesSpecificGroupCellResearch
Proteins13
  • Since lens central fiber cells lose their nuclei during development, these crystallins are made and then retained throughout life, making them extremely stable proteins. (wikipedia.org)
  • Gamma-crystallins are a homogeneous group of highly symmetrical, monomeric proteins typically lacking connecting peptides and terminal extensions. (wikipedia.org)
  • The concentration of beta crystallin proteins was reduced by in-vivo exposures. (cdc.gov)
  • A recent paper from the Martin lab explores the evolutionary connection between calcium-binding beta/gamma crystallin proteins and the structural beta/gamma crystallins of the eye lens. (uci.edu)
  • Folding and stability of the isolated Greek key domains of the long-lived human lens proteins gammaD-crystallin and gammaS-crystallin. (protabank.org)
  • The transparency of the eye lens depends on the high solubility and stability of the lens crystallin proteins. (protabank.org)
  • Alpha-crystallins also act as molecular chaperones that bind to denatured proteins, keep them in solution and thereby maintain the translucency of the lens. (lookformedical.com)
  • The proteins exist as large oligomers that are formed from ALPHA-CRYSTALLIN A CHAIN and ALPHA-CRYSTALLIN B CHAIN subunits. (lookformedical.com)
  • Contrary to the prevailing assumption, we have found that the clumping is not caused by a decrease in protective alpha-crystallin proteins," Tobias Madl, Gottfried Schatz Research Center at MedUni Graz, described the first surprising result. (anton-paar.com)
  • Using small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) and other methods, the researchers observed that the balance of the three most common proteins in the lens that developed cataracts - alpha, beta and gamma crystalline - was particularly disturbed. (anton-paar.com)
  • Crystallins are the major proteins in eye lens that contribute towards the maintenance of high refractive index and thus transparency. (org.pk)
  • This gene encodes a member of the beta/gamma-crystallin family of proteins. (raybiotech.com)
  • Crystallins constitute the major proteins of vertebrate eye lens and maintain the transparency and refractive index of the lens. (raybiotech.com)
Subclass of crystallins1
Cataract2
CRYGS1
Superfamily2
  • beta and gamma crystallins are also considered as a superfamily. (wikipedia.org)
  • AIM1, a novel non-lens member of the betagamma-crystallin superfamily, is associated with the control of tumorigenicity in human malignant melanoma. (unige.ch)
Bovine3
  • We are conducting continuing studies of rotational diffusion, translational diffusion, and thermodynamic compressibility of the eye lens protein bovine gammaB crystallin at low and intermediate protein concentrations. (lu.se)
  • For nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) measurements, 15N-labeled bovine gammaB crystallin was produced in transformed E Coli by recombinant means, and isolated using size-exclusion and cation-exchange chromatography. (lu.se)
  • The highest sequence homology was found with bovine gB-crystallin (PDB id: 4gcr). (org.pk)
CRYSTALLINE1
Lens protein2
  • You are hearing Gamma Crystallin Music , a representation of the amino acid sequence of a lens protein. (whozoo.org)
  • In contrast, the human lens protein gammaS-crystallin, which contains defunct calcim-binding sites binding sites, does not bind any divalent cations and aggregates readily in the presence of zinc. (uci.edu)
Vertebrate2
  • This type of information about how the vertebrate lens crystallins evolved away from ion-binding and toward independent stability is critical to understanding their function in the eye lens. (uci.edu)
  • Beta-crystallin A4 (CRYBA4) is a member of the beta/gamma-crystallin family which are the dominant structural components of the vertebrate eye lens. (prospecbio.com)
Monomeric1
Lenses4
  • XL Vitamin C reduces gamma-crystallin leakage from lenses in diabetic rats. (nature.com)
  • Calf lens homogenates were incubated at temperatures ranging from 37 to 45 degrees-C. Isoelectric focused gel analysis of the lenses incubated for 30 minutes at 45 degrees showed a definite loss in the lowest points of the alpha crystallin components. (cdc.gov)
  • Alpha, beta, and delta crystallins occur in avian and reptilian lenses, while alpha, beta, and gamma crystallins occur in all other lenses. (lookformedical.com)
  • With the help of the SAXS method, we were even able to elucidate the internal structure of crystallins in intact eye lenses for the first time. (anton-paar.com)
Homologous1
  • Seven protein regions exist in crystallins: four homologous motifs, a connecting peptide, and N- and C-terminal extensions. (wikipedia.org)
Acidic group1
  • Beta-crystallins, the most heterogeneous, differ by the presence of the C-terminal extension (present in the basic group, none in the acidic group). (oftalmic.ru)
CRYBA41
  • All six exons of crystallin, beta A4 gene ( CRYBA4 ) were amplified by PCR methods and direct sequencing. (molvis.org)
Subunits2
Aggregates1
  • Beta-crystallins construct aggregates of various sizes and are able to self-associate to form dimers or to form heterodimers with other beta-crystallins. (prospecbio.com)
Genes3
  • Four gamma-crystallin genes (gamma-A through gamma-D) and three pseudogenes (gamma-E, gamma-F, gamma-G) are tandemly organized in a genomic segment as a gene cluster. (wikipedia.org)
  • 1991). "Human gamma-crystallin genes. (wikipedia.org)
  • Conversion and compensatory evolution of the gamma-crystallin genes and identification of a cataractogenic mutation that reverses the sequence of the human CRYGD gene to an ancestral state. (umassmed.edu)
Molecular5
  • The loss of alpha crystallin from the isoelectric focusing pattern was due to aggregation to higher molecular weight particles which could not enter the gel. (cdc.gov)
  • A very high molecular weight fraction contained alpha crystallin material. (cdc.gov)
  • The scientist's investigation covers issues in Molecular biology, Cell biology, Crystallin, Heat shock protein and Alpha-Crystallin A Chain. (research.com)
  • His Crystallin research is multidisciplinary, relying on both Cytoplasmic inclusion, Glutathione and Molecular mass. (research.com)
  • Eric F. Wawrousek spends much of his time researching Cell biology, Immunology, Crystallin, Molecular biology and Inflammation. (research.com)
Beta7
  • Gamma-crystallins are similar in structure to BETA-CRYSTALLINS in that they both form into a Greek key-like structure. (umassmed.edu)
  • In in-vitro studies, the beta crystallin was more resistant to degradation than were mixtures of alpha and gamma crystallins. (cdc.gov)
  • The tunicate beta/gamma crystallin from Ciona intestinalis, which is known to bind calcium, is also capable of binding a wide variety of other divalent cations, which is highly unusual for a metal-binding protein. (uci.edu)
  • crystallin beta-gamma domain containi. (gsea-msigdb.org)
  • Beta crystallin a chain. (lookformedical.com)
  • The basic subunit of beta-crystallins. (lookformedical.com)
  • crystallin, beta B3. (oftalmic.ru)
Pathways1
  • 1 In the King lab, I focused on the aggregation pathways of oxidation-mimicking Trp variants of human γD-crystallin, 2 revealing another unusual phenomenon: the highly stable, aggregation-resistant WT protein drove a destabilized but still well folded variant into an aggregated state without itself aggregating 3 ( Figure 1 ). (mit.edu)
Aggregation1
  • In the end, Liliana Quintanar took the metal/crystallin research direction back to Cinvestav in Mexico while I brought the work on oxidative aggregation of γD-crystallin to the Shakhnovich lab. (mit.edu)
Phenotype1
  • His study looks at the relationship between Phenotype and fields such as Interferon gamma, as well as how they intersect with chemical problems. (research.com)
Sequence1
  • Sequence Analysis: Primary sequence of human gb-crystallin (Accession No. CRGB-HUMAN) was retrieved from the SWISSPROT data bank.9 Sequence homology searches of the Protein databank, PDB10 using the basic BLAST algorithm11 were carried out independently for each primary sequence. (org.pk)
Chain3
  • Side chain accessibilities (å2) of amino acids in the vicinity of Phe56 and the corresponding mutated residues in wild type and mutated human gB-crystallin models respectively. (org.pk)
  • His Alpha-Crystallin A Chain research integrates issues from Cell culture, Transfection, Gene expression, Nucleus and Wild type. (research.com)
  • His Cell biology research incorporates elements of Heat shock protein, Alpha-Crystallin A Chain, Apoptosis, Lens and Genetically modified mouse. (research.com)
Human5
  • Prior investigation of the refolding of human gammaD-crystallin revealed that the C-terminal domain folds first and nucleates the folding of the N-terminal domain. (protabank.org)
  • We constructed and expressed polypeptide chains corresponding to the isolated N- and C-terminal domains of human gammaD-crystallin, as well as the isolated domains of human gammaS-crystallin. (protabank.org)
  • The decrease in stability of the N-terminal domain of human gammaD-crystallin with respect to the complete protein indicated that the interdomain interface contributes of 4.2 kcal/mol to the overall stability of this very long-lived protein. (protabank.org)
  • models of human gb-crystallins. (org.pk)
  • In the present study, we have carried out a mutation analysis to observe the role of a hydrophobic core residue, Phe 56 present at the domain interface of the predicted human gb-crystallin structure. (org.pk)
Stable1
Interferon1
  • We compared the frequencies of gamma interferon (IFN-gamma)-secreting T cells specific for five region of difference 1 (RD1)-encoded antigens and one DosR-encoded antigen in 205 individuals either with active disease (n = 167), whose immune responses had failed to contain the bacillus, or with remotely acquired latent infection (n = 38), who had successfully achieved immune control, and a further 149 individuals with recently acquired asymptomatic infection. (birmingham.ac.uk)
Explores1
  • His study explores the link between Crystallin and topics such as Knockout mouse that cross with problems in Anatomy. (research.com)
Stability2
  • Stability, homodimerization, and calcium-binding properties of a single, variant betagamma-crystallin domain of the protein absent in melanoma 1 (AIM1). (unige.ch)
  • To have an insight about the stability features governing g-crystallins, we carried out an elaborate analysis of one of these forces to predict its effect on the stability of the molecule. (org.pk)
Protective1
  • Our results suggest that RD1-specific IFN-gamma-secreting T-cell frequencies correlate with the presence of disease rather than with protective immunity in M. tuberculosis-infected individuals and do not distinguish recently acquired asymptomatic infection from remotely acquired latent infection. (birmingham.ac.uk)
Alpha2
  • Responses to the DosR antigen alpha-crystallin were not associated with latency (P = 0.373). (birmingham.ac.uk)
  • Expression of the murine alpha B-crystallin gene is not restricted to the lens. (research.com)
Humans1
  • Gamma-crystallin D is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CRYGD gene. (wikipedia.org)
Major1
  • This graph shows the total number of publications written about "gamma-Crystallins" by people in this website by year, and whether "gamma-Crystallins" was a major or minor topic of these publications. (umassmed.edu)
Families1
  • His work carried out in the field of Retinal brings together such families of science as Crystallin, Notch signaling pathway and Optic nerve. (research.com)
Specific1
  • Crystallins are separated into two classes: taxon-specific, or enzyme, and ubiquitous. (wikipedia.org)
Group1
  • Most recently, as a postdoc in the Shakhnovich group at Harvard, I drew inspiration from the disulfide chemistry of the lens crystallins to devise a high-throughput disulfide scanning (HTDS) methodology that aims to systematically discover protein conformations, including non-native conformations, and link them to phenotypic effects. (mit.edu)
Cell2
  • T cell receptor gamma locus antisense. (gsea-msigdb.org)
  • His Cell biology research is multidisciplinary, incorporating elements of CD28, Genetically modified mouse, Retinal and Cathepsin D. His Crystallin study combines topics in areas such as Mutant and Notch signaling pathway. (research.com)
Research1
  • We worked to ensure that the crystallin research the King lab had advanced so productively for many years would be transferred and carried forward elsewhere. (mit.edu)