Gadolinium based contrast agent. Medical search. Frequent questions

Gadolinium-based contrast agents (GBCAs) are widely used in imaging today. (bmj.com)
GBCAs are also used as an alternative to iodinated contrast agents for neuraxial procedures routinely performed by interventional pain physicians. (bmj.com)
The median SUV max in the DN and GP was 16% and 27% lower, respectively, in patients who received GBCAs than in those who had not received GBCAs, possibly related to gadolinium deposition in these areas. (snmjournals.org)
A major component of MRI is the use of gadolinium-based contrast agents (GBCAs). (snmjournals.org)
Gadolinium-based contrast agents (GBCAs) are used as contrast enhancers to improve image quality with MRI scans. (speciation.net)
The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) is requiring a new class warning and other safety measures for all gadolinium-based contrast agents (GBCAs) for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) concerning gadolinium remaining in patients' bodies, including the brain, for months to years after receiving these drugs. (sentinelinitiative.org)
Gadolinium retention has not been directly linked to adverse health effects in patients with normal kidney function, and we have concluded that the benefit of all approved GBCAs continues to outweigh any potential risks. (sentinelinitiative.org)
We are also requiring manufacturers of GBCAs to conduct human and animal studies to further assess the safety of these contrast agents. (sentinelinitiative.org)
GBCAs contain gadolinium, a heavy metal. (sentinelinitiative.org)
Health care professionals should consider the retention characteristics of each agent when choosing a GBCA for patients who may be at higher risk for gadolinium retention (see Table 1 listing GBCAs). (sentinelinitiative.org)
There are two types of GBCAs based on their chemical structures: linear and macrocyclic (see Table 1 below). (sentinelinitiative.org)
Linear GBCAs result in more gadolinium retention in the body than macrocyclic GBCAs. (sentinelinitiative.org)
FDA is requiring changes in the professional labeling for gadolinium-based contrast agents (GBCAs) to minimize the risk of nephrogenic systemic fibrosis (NSF), a rare, but serious, condition associated with the use of GBCAs in certain patients with kidney dysfunction. (speciation.net)
In my last article on Gadolinium based contrast agents (GBCAs), I discussed some of the side effects of these injections, which are administered to patients during a Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) or Magnetic Resonance Angiography (MRA). (drug-injury.com)
The timeline below provides dates and descriptions of the regulatory actions pertaining to GBCAs, based on information from the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA). (drug-injury.com)
The FDA made a Safety Announcement that they were 'requiring changes in the drug label for gadolinium-based contrast agents (GBCAs) to minimize the risk of nephrogenic systemic fibrosis (NSF), a rare, but serious, condition associated with the use of GBCAs in certain patients with kidney dysfunction. (drug-injury.com)
The FDA issued a Drug Safety Communication stating that 'Recent publications in the medical literature have reported that deposits of GBCAs remain in the brains of some patients who undergo four or more contrast MRI scans, long after the last administration. (drug-injury.com)
The FDA issued a Drug Safety Communication announcing that they have 'not identified adverse health effects from gadolinium retained in the brain after the use of gadolinium-based contrast agents (GBCAs) for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). (drug-injury.com)
The publications show that linear GBCAs retain more gadolinium in the brain than macrocyclic GBCAs. (drug-injury.com)
The European Medicines Agency (EMA), however, recommended a ban on the use of Linear GBCAs based on the results of their Pharmacovigilance and Risk Assessment Committee's (PRAC) assessment. (drug-injury.com)
The FDA released new drug labels for GBCAs, which include more information on gadolinium retention. (drug-injury.com)
While the FDA has warned that gadolinium retention is possible after receiving GBCAs, they claim that they have yet to find any evidence that such retention causes serious adverse events in patients with normal / adequate renal function. (drug-injury.com)
Safety issues with gadolinium-based contrast agents (GBCAs) used for MRI exams have been studied for years. (auntminnie.com)
They also incorporate the 2017 revisions of the McDonald diagnostic criteria and address safety concerns regarding the use of intravenous (IV) gadolinium-based contrast agents (GBCAs). (medpagetoday.com)
Double- and triple-dose GBCAs, however, are not appropriate because of the risk of gadolinium deposits in the brain, and repeated use of IV GBCAs is also discouraged for the same concern. (medpagetoday.com)
Gadolinium (Gd)-based contrast agents (GBCAs) are currently the mainstream clinical MRI contrast agents. (dovepress.com)
Gadolinium-based contrast agents (GBCAs) increase the risk for NSF among patients with impaired elimination of the drugs. (nih.gov)
Avoid use of GBCAs in these patients unless the diagnostic information is essential and not available with non-contrasted MRI or other modalities. (nih.gov)
This work showed how gadolinium based contrast agents (GBCAs) get inside microvascular endothelial cells. (mcmaster.ca)

The causal relationship between gadolinium-based contrast agents and nephrogenic systemic fibrosis in patients with renal insufficiency resulted in new policies regarding the administration of these agents. (ajnr.org)
After an effective screening of patients with renal disease by performing either unenhanced or reduced-dose-enhanced studies in these patients and by using the most stable contrast agents, nephrogenic systemic fibrosis has been largely eliminated since 2009. (ajnr.org)
Nephrogenic systemic fibrosis is widely attributed to gadolinium ions dissociating from their chelating agents and depositing in tissues ( 3 ). (snmjournals.org)
Deposition of gadolinium in other organs and tissues has been associated with rare side effects of skin plaques and nephrogenic systemic fibrosis (see EVISA news below), a scarring condition in patients with kidney impairment. (speciation.net)
ROCKVILLE, Md. -- The FDA today ordered black-box warnings for all gadolinium-based contrast agents for magnetic resonance imaging, detailing an increased risk for nephrogenic systemic fibrosis with kidney-disease patients. (patientcareonline.com)
The warning alerts clinicians of possible severe kidney insufficiency in patients at risk for nephrogenic systemic fibrosis, a potentially fatal disease, who receive gadolinium-based agents. (patientcareonline.com)
Reports have identified the development of nephrogenic systemic fibrosis following single and multiple administrations of the gadolinium-based contrast agents. (patientcareonline.com)
Because several reports incompletely described exposure to gadolinium-based contrast agents, it is not possible to know whether the extent of risks for developing nephrogenic systemic fibrosis is the same for all agents. (patientcareonline.com)
The FDA first notified health care professionals and the public about the gadolinium-related risks for nephrogenic systemic fibrosis in June 2006. (patientcareonline.com)
To date, the only known adverse health effect related to gadolinium retention is a rare condition called nephrogenic systemic fibrosis (NSF) that occurs in a small subgroup of patients with pre-existing kidney failure. (sentinelinitiative.org)
[ 68 ] suggest that UV light therapy has a role in the treatment of nephrogenic systemic fibrosis, based on 2 cases with which they were involved. (medscape.com)
[ 70 ] reported on a patient who had nephrogenic systemic fibrosis and had multiple previous exposures to gadolinium (Gd3 + )-based MRI studies and experienced a substantial decrease in pain and skin changes after a trial of intravenous sodium thiosulfate. (medscape.com)
A person with kidney issues may experience nephrogenic systemic fibrosis after receiving a contrast dye injection. (medicalnewstoday.com)
Purpose: The purpose of this study was to systematically search for long-term complications, including Nephrogenic Systemic Fibrosis (NSF), in patients who were previously administered the gadolinium-based contrast agent Gadofosveset at our institute. (lu.se)
January 2, 2007 - The US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) warned healthcare professionals last week about additional reports of nephrogenic systemic fibrosis/nephrogenic fibrosing dermopathy (NSF/NFD) in patients with renal failure exposed to gadolinium-based contrast agents. (medscape.com)
Wahba IM, Simpson EL, White K. Gadolinium is not the only trigger for nephrogenic systemic fibrosis: insights from two cases and review of the recent literature. (medscape.com)
Nephrogenic systemic fibrosis: suspected causative role of gadodiamide used for contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging. (medscape.com)
Ross C, De Rosa N, Marshman G, Astill D. Nephrogenic systemic fibrosis in a gadolinium-naïve patient: successful treatment with oral sirolimus. (medscape.com)
Nephrogenic Systemic Fibrosis Manifesting a Decade After Exposure to Gadolinium. (medscape.com)
Idée JM, Fretellier N, Robic C, Corot C. The role of gadolinium chelates in the mechanism of nephrogenic systemic fibrosis: A critical update. (medscape.com)
Cowper SE, Kuo PH, Bucala R. Nephrogenic systemic fibrosis and gadolinium exposure: association and lessons for idiopathic fibrosing disorders. (medscape.com)
Gadolinium Compounds Signaling through TLR 4 and TLR 7 in Normal Human Macrophages: Establishment of a Proinflammatory Phenotype and Implications for the Pathogenesis of Nephrogenic Systemic Fibrosis. (medscape.com)
Nephrogenic systemic fibrosis (NSF): a late adverse reaction to some of the gadolinium based contrast agents. (medscape.com)
Nephrogenic systemic fibrosis and gadolinium-based contrast media: updated ESUR Contrast Medium Safety Committee guidelines. (medscape.com)

The findings validate previous ones that show macrocyclic gadolinium chelates are safer than those having a linear structure with excess chelate. (diagnosticimaging.com)
Nanoscientists at Rice University in Houston have been able to load iron chelates inside nanoparticles to create MRI contrast agents that have been shown to outperform gadolinium chelates. (radiologytoday.net)
With simple chelates, whether gadolinium or iron, you have only one atom, so the interactions are all short range," Halas says. (radiologytoday.net)
In a 2017 paper published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America , they showed that gadolinium chelates could be embedded in a silica layer for MRI contrast. (radiologytoday.net)
In their earlier work with gadolinium, the researchers noticed that the nanomatryoshka design enhanced the relaxivities of the embedded gadolinium chelates. (radiologytoday.net)
Because we were hearing more calls from the medical community for alternatives to gadolinium, we decided to try iron chelates to see if we could have the same enhancement," Henderson says. (radiologytoday.net)
That allowed the iron-laden nanomatryoshkas to perform twice as well as clinically available gadolinium chelates," he says. (radiologytoday.net)

Moreover, the safe dose limit of 2.5 μmol/g brain tissue, based on animal studies, fails to correlate with humans as humans may be more sensitive to intrathecal GBCA than animals. (bmj.com)
High signal intensity in the dentate nucleus (DN) and globus pallidus (GP) on unenhanced T1-weighted MR images has been both morphologically and pathologically linked to gadolinium-based contrast agent (GBCA) retention in the brain. (snmjournals.org)
However, after additional review and consultation with the Medical Imaging Drugs Advisory Committee , we are requiring several actions to alert health care professionals and patients about gadolinium retention after an MRI using a GBCA, and actions that can help minimize problems. (sentinelinitiative.org)
2 Because the adverse health effects of gadolinium deposits in the brains of patients are unknown, we believe gadolinium-based contrast agents (GBCA) should be used judiciously as part of a standardized MR imaging protocol. (ajnr.org)
2 Low-stability agents are the GBCA most often associated with gadolinium deposits in the brain. (ajnr.org)
3 To date, although there have been no reports of signs or symptoms of central nervous system toxicity related to GBCA, to reduce the potential for gadolinium accumulation, the FDA has recommended that "health care professionals should consider limiting GBCA use to clinical circumstances in which the additional information provided by the contrast is necessary. (ajnr.org)
1 As indicated, we would recommend judicious use of GBCA in certain circumstances, including early diagnosis of MS. We anticipate revisions to the guidelines based on evolving knowledge surrounding gadolinium safety and the new McDonald criteria. (ajnr.org)
This medicine is a gadolinium-based contrast agent (GBCA). (stlukes-stl.com)
Enables injections of lower doses of gadolinium, since already configured for the next generation GBCA from Guerbet. (guerbet.com)

however, recent studies have shown that high signal intensity in the dentate nucleus (DN) and globus pallidus (GP) on unenhanced T1-weighted MR images have been linked to gadolinium retention in the brain ( 4 ). (snmjournals.org)

Consumers and health professionals are advised that the TGA has reviewed recent information relating to the potential for small amounts of gadolinium to be retained in the brain, following use of gadolinium-based contrast agents during magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans. (tga.gov.au)
The agents concerned are intravenous injections of gadobenic acid, gadodiamide, gadopentetic acid and gadoversetamide, which are given to patients to enhance images from magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) body scans. (speciation.net)
Gadolinium below its Curie point of 20 °C (68 °F) is ferromagnetic, with an attraction to a magnetic field higher than that of nickel. (wikipedia.org)
Because of its paramagnetic properties, solutions of chelated organic gadolinium complexes are used as intravenously administered gadolinium-based MRI contrast agents in medical magnetic resonance imaging. (wikipedia.org)
There is evidence that gadolinium is a helical antiferromagnetic, rather than a ferromagnetic, below 20 °C (68 °F). Gadolinium demonstrates a magnetocaloric effect whereby its temperature increases when it enters a magnetic field and decreases when it leaves the magnetic field. (wikipedia.org)
The machine creates an image based on the way hydrogen atoms in your body react to the magnetic field and the radio waves. (drugs.com)
Some magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans require the use of a contrast agent. (drugs.com)
Zhu D, Liu F, Ma L, Liu D, Wang Z. Nanoparticle-based systems for T1-weighted magnetic resonance imaging contrast agents. (springer.com)
Experts in multiple sclerosis reviewed the evidence for the use of magnetic resonance imaging in MS, especially with regard to safety measures involving gadolinium-based contrast agents. (medpagetoday.com)
Contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a powerful diagnostic tool for many diseases. (dovepress.com)
Contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a common and necessary tool that has been used clinically for diagnosis of various organ diseases, such as cancer, infections, or bleeding. (dovepress.com)
OptiStar ™ Elite is a dual head contrast delivery system with an ultrasonic motor that makes it non-magnetic and built for long lasting performance. (guerbet.com)
It is intended to inject MR contrast media and flushing solutions into a patient's vascular system to obtain diagnostic images when used in conjunction with Magnetic Resonance (MR) Imaging equipment. (guerbet.com)
MRI contrast agents are contrast agents used to improve the visibility of internal body structures in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). (reportsnreports.com)
UB spinoff Ferric Contrast Inc. has received $750,000 from the National Science Foundation (NSF) to develop iron-based contrast agents for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). (buffalo.edu)
Contrast agents for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) improve anatomical visualizations. (nature.com)
Fig. 2: Characterization of SAIO and its magnetic properties for T 1 MRI contrast effects. (nature.com)
Gadolinium-containing magnetic resonance contrast media: investigation on the possible transchelation of Gd(3+) to the glycosaminoglycan heparin. (medscape.com)
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) demonstrated a solitary left temporal lobe T2 hyperintensity with gadolinium rim enhancement and surrounding edema. (cdc.gov)

We also do not know whether it is retained there after the development of the disease or deposited there beforehand," Herborn said.The incidence of NSF in patients with end-stage renal disease who receive gadolinium-based contrast is approximately 2% at present. (diagnosticimaging.com)

A lawsuit against Bayer accuses the manufacturer's Magnevist MRI contrast dye of causing gadolinium deposition disease. (aboutlawsuits.com)

A new nanoparticulate inorganic-organic hybrid-type positive contrast agent (CA), PGP/dextran-K01, was synthesized based on a GdPO 4 inorganic core as a relaxation-time-shortening moiety and a dextran-coating, which generates monodispersibility in water, a high relaxation-time-shortening effect by retaining a large number of water molecules in proximity of the core and toxicity reduction in in-vivo studies. (elsevierpure.com)
The funding will enable Ferric Contrast to further improve the chemical properties of its iron-based contrast agents, and to scale up production of the compounds in preparation for toxicity studies. (buffalo.edu)

T1-weighted transaxial gadolinium-enhanced MRIs of the same patient as in the previous image show a well-defined hypervascular enhancing mass. (medscape.com)
The GE product is a gadolinium-based contrast dye used in MRIs and other imaging scans. (gacovinolake.com)

No harmful effects of gadolinium retention in the brain have been identified at this time, but the TGA is working with sponsors of these products to update their Product Information (PI) documents to reflect the new information. (tga.gov.au)
Published studies have found that linear gadolinium-based contrast agents appear to result in greater gadolinium retention in the brain than macrocyclic agents (see below for references ).The TGA will continue to monitor this issue and take further action if necessary. (tga.gov.au)
While no harmful effects of gadolinium retention in the brain have been identified at this time, the TGA is working with sponsors to update the PI documents and is recommending judicious use of gadolinium-based contrast agents, particularly linear agents ( Table 1 ). (tga.gov.au)

The PRAC's review of gadolinium agents found convincing evidence of accumulation of gadolinium in the brain from studies directly measuring gadolinium in brain tissues and areas of increased signal intensity seen on MRI scan images many months after the last injection of a gadolinium contrast agent," the committee wrote in a press release on the ruling. (speciation.net)
This allows not only monitoring of their accumulation at targeted sites, but also highly localized treatments by controlled activation of therapeutic agents at the desired tissues, when needed. (springer.com)
CNS accumulation of gadolinium-based contrast agents has been reported in nearly all patients included in a screening program for VHL disease. (medscape.com)

Gadolinium levels remaining in the body are higher after administration of Omniscan (gadodiamide) or OptiMARK (gadoversetamide) than after Eovist (gadoxetate disodium), Magnevist (gadopentetate dimeglumine), or MultiHance (gadobenate dimeglumine). (sentinelinitiative.org)
A new study links repeated use of Omniscan with gadolinium deposition in MS patients. (aboutlawsuits.com)
The FDA notes that none of the 5 currently approved gadolinium products ( Omniscan , OptiMARK , Magnevist , ProHance [made by Bracco Diagnostics, Inc], and MultiHance [made by Bracco Diagnostics, Inc]) are approved for use in MRA. (medscape.com)

2016) Pediatric Brain: Repeated Exposure to Linear Gadolinium-based Contrast Material Is Associated with Increased Signal Intensity at Unenhanced T1-weighted MR Imaging. (tga.gov.au)
The FDA is currently gathering additional information about NSF/NFD and is actively investigating whether gadolinium exposure is linked to the condition and whether other populations besides those with renal failure may be at risk. (medscape.com)
[ 14 ] Focused whole-body MRI screening protocols have been proposed to reduce the exposure to contrast agents. (medscape.com)
In June 2006, the FDA issued its first warning about the risk of NSF as a result of gadolinium exposure. (gacovinolake.com)

Soon after the publication of these recommendations, we became aware of the concerns regarding gadolinium deposition in the brain. (ajnr.org)

In current practice, gadolinium-based contrast agents have been considered safe when used at clinically recommended doses in patients without severe renal insufficiency. (ajnr.org)

The gadolinium found in skin biopsies, we don't know if it is in a free or a bound state. (diagnosticimaging.com)
In addition, researchers have identified gadolinium in skin biopsies of patients with the condition. (medscape.com)

A Magnevist lawsuit claims the MRI contrast dye caused deposits of gadolinium to build up in the plaintiff's organs and soft tissues. (aboutlawsuits.com)

Nearly four-fifths of the patients were given gadolinium-containing agents, with 57% receiving gadoterate meglumine and 2.3% receiving gadodiamide. (diagnosticimaging.com)
The nanoparticle can be synthesized at room temperature in aqueous solution and in the absence of surfactants, has blood circulation and renal clearance profiles that prevent opsonization, and leads to better imaging performance than Dotarem (gadoterate meglumine), a clinically approved gadolinium-based MRI contrast agent. (nature.com)

however, recent studies have shown that gadolinium deposits in the brain of patients who have normal renal function and intact blood-brain barriers after multiple contrast administrations ( 2 ). (snmjournals.org)
Electron microscopy studies have identified gadolinium deposits in fibrosed skin taken from patients, Dr. Christoph Herborn, a radiologist at the University Medical Centre in Hamburg, Germany, told delegates attending a satellite symposium organized by GE Healthcare. (diagnosticimaging.com)
While the deposits haven't definitively been proven to be harmful, the debate rages on and researchers have been busy looking for safe new MRI contrast agents. (radiologytoday.net)

The TGA also recommends that you avoid repetitive scans using these contrast agents unless deemed clinically necessary. (tga.gov.au)

PI documents for gadolinium-based contrast agents have previously stated that gadolinium 'does not cross the intact blood brain barrier' and in some instances that gadolinium does not accumulate in normal brain tissue. (tga.gov.au)
In 2013, scientists in Japan spurred safety concerns when they discovered that small amounts of gadolinium accumulate in patients' brains when they undergo repeated enhanced exams. (radiologytoday.net)
Recent studies have found that gadolinium can accumulate in patients' brains and other organs, raising safety concerns. (buffalo.edu)

Gadolinium-based contrast agents are injected into a patient's vein to enhance the quality of MRI scans of internal organs, blood vessels and tissues. (tga.gov.au)
Please be advised that this issue only relates to gadolinium-based contrast agents used in MRI scans and not to other types of scanning agents used for other imaging procedures. (tga.gov.au)
Since 2013, studies looking at the contrast in brain images have indicated that traces of gadolinium remaining in the brains of patients who had received MRI scans -- years after the studies took place ( see the EVISA News from August 13, 2015 ). (speciation.net)
Some linear agents will remain available: gadoxetic acid, a linear agent used at a low dose for liver scans, can remain on the market as it meets an important diagnostic need in patients with few alternatives. (speciation.net)
Both agents should be used at the lowest dose that enhances images sufficiently to make diagnoses and only if unenhanced scans are not suitable. (speciation.net)
Gadolinium is not related to the iodine based contrast used in CT scans. (drugs.com)
Contrast materials can help highlight areas of interest in MRI scans. (medicalnewstoday.com)
Contrast agents alter the local signal in scans by interacting magnetically with nuclear spins-typically of protons on water molecules. (radiologytoday.net)
Transaxial nonenhanced and contrast-enhanced CT scans through the cerebellum in a 34-year-old patient with a family history of VHL. (medscape.com)

Bin Na H, Song IC, Hyeon T. Inorganic nanoparticles for MRI contrast agents. (springer.com)
Liu Y, Chen Z, Liu C, Yu D, Lu Z, Zhang N. Gadolinium-loaded polymeric nanoparticles modified with anti-VEGF as multifunctional MRI contrast agents for the diagnosis of liver cancer. (springer.com)
Superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles with variable size and an iron oxidation state as prospective imaging agents. (springer.com)
Szpak A, Fiejdasz S, Prendota W, Strączek T, Kapusta C, Szmyd J, Nowakowska M, Zapotoczny S. T1-T2 dual-modal MRI contrast agents based on superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles with surface attached gadolinium complexes. (springer.com)

Gadolinium metal is attacked readily by dilute sulfuric acid to form solutions containing the colorless Gd(III) ions, which exist as [Gd(H2O)9]3+ complexes: 2 Gd + 3 H2SO4 + 18 H2O → 2 [Gd(H2O)9]3+ + 3 SO2− 4 + 3 H2. (wikipedia.org)
The compounds that Ferric Contrast is developing could offer an alternative to the gadolinium complexes that have traditionally been employed in MRI. (buffalo.edu)

The Pharmacovigilance and Risk Assessment Committee (PRAC) of the European Medicines Agency (EMA) has recommended the suspension of the marketing authorisations for four linear gadolinium contrast agents because of evidence that small amounts of the gadolinium they contain are deposited in the brain. (speciation.net)
However, trace amounts of gadolinium may stay in the body long-term. (sentinelinitiative.org)

Gadodiamide was the most commonly reported agent, when a specific agent was identified, followed by gadopentetate dimeglumine and gadoversetamide. (patientcareonline.com)
To investigate and compare the biological effects of γ-Fe 2 O 3 nanoparticle (NP) and gadolinium dimeglumine (Gd-DTPA) with high and multiple doses on the kidney of healthy mice. (dovepress.com)

Muldoon, LL & Neuwelt, EA 2015, ' Dose-dependent neurotoxicity (seizures) due to deposition of gadolinium-based contrast agents in the central nervous system ', RADIOLOGY , vol. 277, no. 3, pp. 925-926. (elsevierpure.com)
When radiologists used gadodiamide to perform contrast-enhanced MRI on renal patients, 28 NSF cases were recorded after 370 contrast injections, according to Prof. Henrik Thomsen, a professor of radiology at the Copenhagen-based hospital. (diagnosticimaging.com)
For a look at some MRI contrast agents that are in development and what could be coming to clinics in the next five to 10 years, Radiology Today speaks with some of the researchers who work at the cutting edge of the field. (radiologytoday.net)
Reimer P, Vosshenrich R. Contrast agents in radiology : Current agents approved, recommendations, and safety aspects. (medscape.com)

The findings of a new study warn that off-label use of gadolinium contrast dyes during epidural injections can lead to severe and permanent adverse side effects. (aboutlawsuits.com)
Contrast injections may cause side effects like mild rashes and hives, but it is also possible for a person to have a serious reaction to them. (medicalnewstoday.com)
The investigators assessed the number, type, and cumulative doses of contrast injections, as well as other potential NSF cofactors. (diagnosticimaging.com)
Acute Reactions to Gadolinium-Based Contrast Agents in a Pediatric Cohort: A Retrospective Study of 16,237 Injections. (bvsalud.org)

Gd-based Contrast Agent Accumulates in the Brain Even in Subjects without Severe Renal Dysfunction: Evaluation of Autopsy Brain Specimens with Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectroscopy. (tga.gov.au)
Evidence of in vivo gadolinium deposition in bone tissue in patients with normal renal function is well-established, but recent literature showing that gadolinium might also deposit in the brain in patients with intact blood-brain barriers caught many individuals in the imaging community by surprise. (ajnr.org)
The purpose of this review was to summarize the literature on gadolinium-based contrast agents, tying together information on agent stability and animal and human studies, and to emphasize that low-stability agents are the ones most often associated with brain deposition. (ajnr.org)
Brain imaging performed within 2 hours of intrathecal injection was notable for contrast diffusely in the subarachnoid space. (bmj.com)
A) Non-contrast CT scan of the coronal section of brain shows diffuse large-volume hyperattenuation throughout the subarachnoid spaces in the quadrigeminal cisterns, interpeduncular cistern, prepontine cistern and cisterna magna with sparing of the vertex. (bmj.com)
Three hundred seventy-six patients who underwent both contrast-enhanced MR (CE MR) of the brain and PET/CT from January 2004 to October 2015 were identified. (snmjournals.org)
Although no symptoms or diseases linked to gadolinium in the brain have been reported, the PRAC took a precautionary approach, noting that data on the long-term effects in the brain are limited. (speciation.net)
A new study finds that older, linear gadolinium contrast agents appear to have a much higher risk of leaving behind high levels of gadolinium in the brain. (aboutlawsuits.com)
The "Consortium of MS Centers Task Force for a Standardized MRI Protocol and Clinical Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Follow-Up of Multiple Sclerosis" 1 recommended the use of brain MR imaging with gadolinium for the diagnosis and routine follow-up of patients with multiple sclerosis. (ajnr.org)
They also reported that various scientific 'publications and [adverse event] reports show that gadolinium is retained in organs such as the brain, bones, and skin. (drug-injury.com)
Lawsuits are already emerging for conditions such as Gadolinium Deposition Disease (GDD), which are caused by retention of gadolinium in the brain, bones, and other organs. (drug-injury.com)
The scan using Nanology's nano-contrast agent spotted the brain tumour that lurked within. (utoronto.ca)
Gadolinium is retained for months or years in brain, bone, and other organs. (nih.gov)

OptiMARK (gadoversetamide) is the only gadolinium contrast agent that was authorised centrally in the EU. (speciation.net)

The FDA warns giving young children iodine-based contrast agents to improve medical scanning results could cause a decrease in thyroid function. (aboutlawsuits.com)

A causal association between these adverse events and gadolinium retention could not be established. (sentinelinitiative.org)
It allows imaging centers to collect, archive, view and share patients' injection data, including data concerning contrast products, adverse events, injector activity, data on the estimated eGFR and other pre-exam alerts, such as previously reported allergies. (guerbet.com)

These contrast agents are injected into a vein to improve visualization of internal organs, blood vessels, and tissues during an MRI, which helps health care professionals diagnose medical conditions. (sentinelinitiative.org)
Contrast agents are substances that are used in the body to help obtain better quality of images of organs, tumors and other biological structures. (buffalo.edu)

However, when retained in the body for prolonged time, some reactions either exchanging the Gadolinium against another metal such as iron (called transmetallation) or degrading the chelating ligands leading to the release of gadolinium seem to be possible ( see the EVISA News from 29 October 2012 ). (speciation.net)
A new study links gadolinium-based contrast agents to hypersensitivity reactions which can sometimes be life-threatening. (aboutlawsuits.com)
A person may wish to speak with a doctor if they experience long lasting or severe reactions to the MRI contrast material, such as signs of an allergic reaction. (medicalnewstoday.com)

In addition, a formulation of gadopentetic acid injected directly into joints is to remain available because its gadolinium concentration is very low around 200 times lower than those of intravenous products. (speciation.net)
Emergency Central , emergency.unboundmedicine.com/emergency/view/GDT/619568/all/RISKS_OF_GADOLINIUM_BASED_MRI_INTRAVENOUS_CONTRAST_AGENTS. (unboundmedicine.com)
The contrast agent will be given through an intravenous (IV) catheter placed in your arm. (drugs.com)

The review of gadolinium contrast agents was initiated on 17 March 2016 at the request of the European Commission, under Article 31 of Directive 2001/83/EC . (speciation.net)
According to a 2016 review that looked at the effects of gadolinium-based contrast material in children, the most common side effects were nausea and vomiting. (medicalnewstoday.com)

A) Anteroposterior fluoroscopic view of the lumbar spine shows flat glass-like appearance of gadobutrol contrast (white arrow) as opposed to a patchy honeycomb appearance in the epidural space with 18-gauge Quincke spinal needle at the L5-S1 level (blue arrowhead). (bmj.com)
B) Lateral fluoroscopic view of the lumbar spine shows gadobutrol contrast outlining the thecal sac (white arrow) and the tip of 18-gauge Quincke spinal needle in the intrathecal space (blue arrowhead). (bmj.com)
Pharmacokinetics of the MRI contrast agent gadobutrol in common marmoset monkeys (Callithrix jacchus). (lu.se)

Gadolinium is toxic and to avoid its deposition in tissues, it must be chemically bonded with nonmetal ions to facilitate its excretion by the kidneys. (snmjournals.org)
Like most of the rare earths, gadolinium forms trivalent ions with fluorescent properties, and salts of gadolinium(III) are used as phosphors in various applications. (wikipedia.org)
Gadolinium(III) ions in water-soluble salts are highly toxic to mammals. (wikipedia.org)

1 In the process of imaging, contrast agents are usually administrated intravenously to enhance the visualization of illness lesions. (dovepress.com)

In a separate study reported at the ECR, radiologist Dr. Gertraud Heinz-Peer and colleagues at the Medical University of Vienna reviewed the records of 552 patients with chronic renal failure undergoing peritoneal dialysis and hemodialysis who were scanned with gadolinium-enhanced MR between 1997 and 2007. (diagnosticimaging.com)
Although the utility of this measure for preventing or treating NSF/NSD in patients with impaired renal function has not been established, average excretory rates of gadolinium during consecutive hemodialysis sessions are 78%, 96%, and 99%, respectively. (medscape.com)

There are two types of gadolinium-based contrast agents - linear agents and macrocyclic agents. (tga.gov.au)
The form in which gadolinium is retained has not yet been identified, however the studies seem to indicate that linear agents are more susceptible to deposition than macrocyclic agents. (speciation.net)

The fact, that linear agents have a structure more likely to release gadolinium, is accepted since US FDA announced a warning for patients with advanced chronic kidney disease or acute renal failure in 2010 ( see the EVISA News from September 15, 2010 ). (speciation.net)
Patients should be screened for kidney problems prior to receiving one of these imaging agents. (patientcareonline.com)
Seven MRI drugs containing gadolinium have been approved by the FDA, and all can cause NFS in patients with kidney disease. (speciation.net)
Most of these patients had previously undergone imaging with a gadolinium-based agent on one or more occasions.Findings released in Vienna suggest that evidence is not sufficient to indict all gadolinium-based agents under the same suspicion. (diagnosticimaging.com)
Dr. Vincent Launay-Vacher and colleagues at the Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital in Paris retrospectively reviewed data from 308 patients with renal insufficiency who underwent MRI with and without gadolinium from July 2005 to July 2006 at nine sites across France. (diagnosticimaging.com)
In addition, at least two patients developed NSF who have never been injected with gadolinium, Herborn said. (diagnosticimaging.com)
But for now, in situations where gadolinium-enhanced MRI is indicated, radiologists can reduce the risk to patients by keeping the dose as low as possible, Herborn said. (diagnosticimaging.com)
To assess myocardial perfusion (stress, rest) and late gadolinium enhancement in adult patients with known or suspected coronary artery disease (CAD). (nih.gov)
The remaining 61 patients were followed up for up to 14 (median 12) years based on RIS and EPR data. (lu.se)
Use of Gadolinium in MRI and MRA Linked to NSF/NFD in Patients With. (medscape.com)
However, 100% of NSF/NFD cases reviewed thus far (75 of approximately 215 cases worldwide) have occurred in patients who had received a gadolinium-based contrast agent for MRI or MRA. (medscape.com)
Use of Gadolinium in MRI and MRA Linked to NSF/NFD in Patients With Renal Failure - Medscape - Jan 02, 2007. (medscape.com)
MRI) agent used in the visualization and detection of cancer in the liver in patients with reduced kidney function. (healthimaging.com)
Orviglance is a novel manganese-based oral contrast agent for MRI developed to improve the detection and visualization of focal liver lesions (including liver metastases and primary tumors) in patients with reduced kidney function. (healthimaging.com)
These patients are at risk of serious, and potentially fatal, side effects from the currently available class of gadolinium-based contrast agents, which all carry black box warnings issued by regulatory authorities, such as the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) because of this risk. (healthimaging.com)
A federal jury in Ohio has awarded $5 million in the first case to go to trial in the multidistrict litigation (MDL) involving patients who were injured from the body scan contrast agent "gadolinium. (gacovinolake.com)

However, chelated gadolinium(III) compounds prevent the gadolinium(III) from being exposed to the organism and the majority is excreted by healthy kidneys before it can deposit in tissues. (wikipedia.org)
The most commonly used compounds for contrast enhancement are gadolinium-based. (reportsnreports.com)

We show that our tree-search based algorithms can outperform state of the art hyper-parameter tuning algorithms on several benchmark data-sets. (usc.edu)

Linear agents, such as gadodiamide, seem more likely to release free gadolinium into the body, Launay-Vacher said. (diagnosticimaging.com)

The study evaluates the effect of food intake on the absorption and signal intensity of Orviglance, a manganese-based MRI contrast agent, and successfully concludes that image enhancement is not impacted by a light meal. (healthimaging.com)
In line with previous studies, the data also confirms strong image enhancement of the liver after Orviglance administration compared to an MRI image without a contrast agent. (healthimaging.com)

Gadolinium-based contrast agent-induced neurotoxicity: seeing is believing! (bmj.com)

The scan performed with a conventional Gadolinium-based contrast agent did not. (utoronto.ca)
So people that have had an allergic reaction to CT scan dye can get gadolinium as long as their kidneys function well enough. (drugs.com)
A doctor can help determine if the potential benefit of the scan and contrast dye is worth the risk to the pregnancy. (medicalnewstoday.com)

Drug makers GE Healthcare, Bayer and Covidien have face hundreds of lawsuits claiming injuries from gadolinium-based contrast agent products. (gacovinolake.com)

Tell your doctor if you are pregnant or breastfeeding, or if you have kidney disease, anemia or other blood problems, asthma, diabetes, high blood pressure, or a history of an allergic reaction to any contrast agent. (stlukes-stl.com)

Lux, J & Sherry, AD 2018, ' Advances in gadolinium-based MRI contrast agent designs for monitoring biological processes in vivo ', Current Opinion in Chemical Biology , vol. 45, pp. 121-130. (elsevierpure.com)
Liu Y, Ai K, Lu L. Nanoparticulate X-ray computed tomography contrast agents: from design validation to in vivo applications. (springer.com)
Ai K, Liu Y, Liu J, Yuan Q, He Y, Lu L. Large-scale synthesis of bi 2S 3 nanodots as a contrast agent for in vivo X-ray computed tomography imaging. (springer.com)
Liu Y, Ai K, Liu J, Yuan Q, He Y, Lu L. A high-performance ytterbium-based nanoparticulate contrast agent for in vivo X-ray computed tomography imaging. (springer.com)

In some cases, an MRI involves the use of contrast material, also known as contrast agents, contrast dyes, or contrast media. (medicalnewstoday.com)
Because gadolinium is highly toxic, dyes contain other materials to help reduce side effects. (medicalnewstoday.com)
The gadolinium within MRI contrast dyes is toxic. (medicalnewstoday.com)
However, when manufacturers create MRI dyes, they surround the gadolinium with another crystal-like chemical to keep it trapped. (medicalnewstoday.com)

Gadolinium is a silvery-white metal when oxidation is removed. (wikipedia.org)
Gadolinium possesses unusual metallurgical properties, to the extent that as little as 1% of gadolinium can significantly improve the workability and resistance to oxidation at high temperatures of iron, chromium, and related metals. (wikipedia.org)
However, it tarnishes quickly in moist air, forming a loosely-adhering gadolinium(III) oxide (Gd2O3): 4 Gd + 3 O2 → 2 Gd2O3, which spalls off, exposing more surface to oxidation. (wikipedia.org)

Gadolinium is a toxic element. (bmj.com)

Primary efficacy, in terms of lesion visualization compared to unenhanced MRI (MRI without a contrast agent), will be evaluated by three independent blinded readers. (healthimaging.com)

Individual gadolinium atoms can be isolated by encapsulating them into fullerene molecules, where they can be visualized with a transmission electron microscope. (wikipedia.org)

The gadolinium-based contrast agents widely used in diagnostic MRI exams for 30 years are all small molecule agents that distribute into all extracellular spaces in tissues without providing any specific biological information. (elsevierpure.com)

The most highly viewed story on AuntMinnie.com this week reported on a pair of studies that assessed the prevalence of medical gadolinium in the Earth's water systems. (auntminnie.com)

The cell viability of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) in high doses of these two contrast agents were measured using the xCELLigence Real-Time Cell Analysis (RTCA) S16 Instrument. (dovepress.com)

Gadolinium, Gd3+, is the most paramagnetic element practically available. (bmj.com)
Gadolinium is believed to be ferromagnetic at temperatures below 20 °C (68 °F) and is strongly paramagnetic above this temperature. (wikipedia.org)

Although NSF/NFD has been reported for only 3 of 5 gadolinium products, all of them potentially may be linked to a risk for NSF/NSD. (medscape.com)

Intracranial Gd Deposition after Contrast-enhanced MR Imaging. (tga.gov.au)
The selection of small bowel imaging study should be based on the expertise of the institution and the clinical presentation of the patient. (medscape.com)
Here, we summarize the imaging modalities used for image-guided therapies and discuss recent advances on nanoparticle-based image-guided therapies. (springer.com)
A molecular imaging primer: modalities, imaging agents, and applications. (springer.com)
Zhou Z, Lu Z-R. Gadolinium-based contrast agents for MR cancer imaging. (springer.com)
Computed tomography imaging of primary lung cancer in mice using a liposomal-iodinated contrast agent. (springer.com)
Brightonix created an advanced silicon photomultiplier (SiPM) based PET insert for truly simultaneous PET/MR imaging. (a2zinc.net)
Here, we report that a nanoparticle with a polysaccharide supramolecular core and a shell of amorphous-like hydrous ferric oxide generating strong T 1 MRI contrast (with a relaxivity coefficient ratio of ~1.2) facilitates the imaging, at resolutions of the order of a few hundred micrometres, of cerebral, coronary and peripheral microvessels in rodents and of lower-extremity vessels in rabbits. (nature.com)

You should not receive it if you had an allergic reaction to gadolinium or versetamide. (stlukes-stl.com)

Once injected, gadolinium interacts with the water molecules. (speciation.net)

Anatomy8

Organisms4

Diseases14

Chemicals and Drugs44

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment50

Phenomena and Processes13

Disciplines and Occupations5

Technology, Industry, Agriculture10

Information Science5

Health Care6

GBCAs29

Nephrogenic24

Chelates7

GBCA9

Linked to gadolinium retention1

Magnetic19

Receive gadolinium-based1

Causing gadolinium deposition1

Toxicity2

MRIs2

Retention in the brain3

Accumulation3

Omniscan3

Exposure4

Deposition in the brain1

Recommended doses1

Skin biopsies2

Magnevist1

Gadoterate meglumine2

Deposits3

Clinically1

Accumulate3

Scans9

Nanoparticles4

Complexes2

Amounts2

Dimeglumine2

Radiology4

Injections4

Brain13

Optimark1

Iodine-based contrast1

Adverse2

Organs2

Reactions3

Intravenous3

20162

Gadobutrol3

Ions3

Intravenously1

Hemodialysis2

Macrocyclic agents2

Patients16

Compounds2

Outperform1

Gadodiamide1

Enhancement2

Neurotoxicity1

Scan3

Lawsuits1

Kidney1

Vivo4

Dyes4

Oxidation3

Toxic element1

Visualization1

Atoms1

Widely1

Prevalence1

Endothelial cells1

Paramagnetic2

Potentially1

Imaging8

Allergic reaction1

Water molecules1