Fungi cellulases. Medical search. Frequent questions

5. Semi-solid-state fermentation of Eicchornia crassipes biomass as lignocellulosic biopolymer for cellulase and 3-glucosidase production by cocultivation of Aspergillus niger RK3 and Trichoderma reesei MTCC164. (nih.gov)
6. Saccharification of rice straw by cellulase from a local Trichoderma harzianum SNRS3 for biobutanol production. (nih.gov)
15. A β-glucosidase hyper-production Trichoderma reesei mutant reveals a potential role of cel3D in cellulase production. (nih.gov)
16. Enhanced cellulase production by Trichoderma harzianum by cultivation on glycerol followed by induction on cellulosic substrates. (nih.gov)
Thereby, the transcription factor networks in different fungi show conservation as well as striking differences, particularly between Trichoderma reesei and Neurospora crassa. (nih.gov)
A mutant of the native fungus Trichoderma aureoviride , 7-121, selected for its overproduction of extracellular cellulase and ß-glucosidase (cellobiase) was obtained. (ejbiotechnology.info)
8. Bioconversion potential of Trichoderma viride HN1 cellulase for a lignocellulosic biomass Saccharum spontaneum. (nih.gov)
14. Saccharification of rice straw by cellulase from a local Trichoderma harzianum SNRS3 for biobutanol production. (nih.gov)
18. A β-glucosidase hyper-production Trichoderma reesei mutant reveals a potential role of cel3D in cellulase production. (nih.gov)
To test whether this is also a feature of other ECM fungi, we searched a survey genome database of Amanita bisporigera with the proteins found in the secretome of Trichoderma reesei (syn. (nebraska.edu)
Cellulolytic fungi, especially the soft-rot fungi, such as members of the genera Trichoderma, Humicola and Penicillium, and the white-rot fungi, such as members of the genera Phanerochaete and Pycnoporus, are among the most studied fungi (Covert et al. (eyebulb.com)
The effect of sugar mixtures (glucose, xylose, inducer) on the secretion of cellulolytic enzymes by a glucose-derepressed and cellulase-hyperproducing mutant strain of Trichoderma reesei (strain CL847) was studied using a small-scale protocol representative of the industrial conditions. (biomedcentral.com)
Owing to its very high secretion capacity, the filamentous fungus Trichoderma reesei (teleomorph Hypocrea jecorina ) has currently been used for the industrial production of cellulolytic enzymes cocktails [ 3 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
To produce supplemental cellulase, a nonpathogenic and nontoxicogenic species of fungus known as Trichoderma viride is cultured, from which the cellulase is extracted and purified. (dermaharmony.com)
The filamentous fungus Trichoderma reesei has been widely used for cellulase production that has extensive applications in green and sustainable development. (springeropen.com)
The cellulolytic fungus Trichoderma reesei is one of the most widely applied microorganisms for cellulase production. (springeropen.com)
This article is entitled "Nutrient control for stationary phase cellulase production in Trichoderma reesei Rut C-30″ and will appear in the journal Enzyme and Microbial Technology. (nvcallow.com)
Cellulase is normally produced by a fungus, Trichoderma ressei. (nvcallow.com)

7. Mixed submerged fermentation with two filamentous fungi for cellulolytic and xylanolytic enzyme production. (nih.gov)
Background: In the presence of a suitable carbon source, filamentous fungi such as Aspergillus species are particularly important in enzyme production for industrial scale. (arocjournal.com)
Cellulase, a multicomponent enzyme, (cellobiohydrolase, endocellulase, and ß-glucosidase) responsible for bioconversion of cellulose into soluble sugar [ 1 ], are of particular interest in the industrial world and it contributes to 8% of the world industrial enzyme demand for the manufacturing of various products for human and animal consumption [ 2 ]. (arocjournal.com)
What Are the Benefits of Cellulase Enzyme? (infinitabiotech.com)
The main issues connected with enzymatic saccharification are high incubation time for carbohydrates degradation, the price of the enzyme, prevent of enzyme activity in the attendance of phenolic compounds and thermal inactivation of cellulase and hemicellulase enzyme. (imedpub.com)
Enzyme cellulase catalyzes the hydrolysis of cellulose by breaking the 1, 4-β-glycosidic bonds in between the cellulose chain of biomass [ 14 ]. (imedpub.com)
People don't produce the cellulase enzyme expected to process this sort of fiber and must depend on aging by the vegetation in the digestive organ. (fruitofspirit.com)
One investigation of nursing home patients taking a multi-enzyme equation containing cellulase found that they well expanded markers of protein retention. (fruitofspirit.com)
Cellulase is an enzyme which separate these cellulose plant filament people eat into beta-glucose also short-chain polysaccharides. (fruitofspirit.com)
BACKGROUND: Glucoamylase is an important enzyme for starch saccharification in the food and biofuel industries and mainly produced from mesophilic fungi such as Aspergillus and Rhizopus species. (bvsalud.org)
However, development of thermophilic fungi as enzyme producers for biomass deconstruction has not been thoroughly investigated. (biomedcentral.com)

The most numerous and prominent pathogens of plants are the fungi, but many plant diseases are also caused by bacteria and viruses. (encyclopedia.com)
Bacteria, ectomycorrhizal (EcM) fungi, and land plants have been coevolving for nearly 200 million years, and their interactions presumably contribute to the function of terrestrial ecosystems. (researchgate.net)
The direction, stability, and strength of bacteria-EcM fungi interactions across landscapes and across a single plant host, however, remains unclear. (researchgate.net)
Biohydrogen is mainly produced by anaerobic bacteria, anaerobic fungi, and algae under anaerobic conditions. (frontiersin.org)
Endophytes are bacteria or fungi which live inside the host plant and participate in many biological processes without causing disease or other adverse effects. (up.ac.za)
Together with bacteria, fungi are responsible for breaking down organic matter and releasing carbon, oxygen, nitrogen, and phosphorus into the soil and the atmosphere. (eyebulb.com)
Microorganisms can be bacteria, fungi, archaea or protists. (eyebulb.com)
Fungi are more complicated organisms than viruses and bacteria-they are "eukaryotes," which means they have cells. (eyebulb.com)
These enzymes are produced in abundance in the natural world, principally through fermentation performed by various strains of fungi, bacteria and protozoans, as well as a select few plants and animals. (dermaharmony.com)
Microbial groups such as bacteria and fungi release many organic and inorganic volatile compounds. (bvsalud.org)

4. Biomass sorghum as a novel substrate in solid-state fermentation for the production of hemicellulases and cellulases by Aspergillus niger and A. fumigatus. (nih.gov)
8. Two-stage statistical medium optimization for augmented cellulase production via solid-state fermentation by newly isolated Aspergillus niger HN-1 and application of crude cellulase consortium in hydrolysis of rice straw. (nih.gov)
9. Cellulase production from Aspergillus niger MS82: effect of temperature and pH. (nih.gov)
18. Response surface optimization for enhanced production of cellulases with improved functional characteristics by newly isolated Aspergillus niger HN-2. (nih.gov)
This work provides pioneer work in the human pathogenic fungus Aspergillus fumigatus, wherein we investigated different inducible systems, elucidated three candidate promoters, and proved for the first time that up to three systems can be used simultaneously without interfering with each other. (nih.gov)
Methods: In the present study, we explore the potential of Aspergillus niger and Aspergillus flavus to utilized 3 agro-waste including sugarcane bagasse (SB), plantain pseudostem (PS), and corn cob (CC) as carbon sources for cellulase production, and determine the optimum yielding condition. (arocjournal.com)
Conclusion: Collectively, the present study demonstrated that Aspergillus species when grown under sugarcane bagasse carbon source represent the best strategies for cheap production of cellulase. (arocjournal.com)
Recently, a strain of the thermotolerant fungus Aspergillus fumigatus was grown on switchgrass in the presence of 5% 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride, abbreviated as [C 4 mim]Cl, secreting high amounts of cellulase and hemicellulase enzymes. (biomedcentral.com)

Fungi being achlorophyllous depends on other living organisms for their food either being parasite or saprophyte. (intechopen.com)

Considering biofuels, on-site cellulase (and hemicellulase) production has often been regarded as an attractive way to limit cellulase production costs, avoiding purification and stabilization of the enzymes produced as well as their transportation. (biomedcentral.com)
Whole consumption of carbohydrate components in lignocellulosic biomass is dependent on the development of cheaper methods of technologies for cellulase and hemicellulase production [ 16 , 17 ], and also the improvement of enzymatic saccharification of carbohydrate component to monomeric sugars such as hexoses and pentoses [ 18 ]. (imedpub.com)

The method of Claim l which further comprises immersing the fabric in an effective amount of cellulase solution. (sumobrain.com)
Traditionally, the bioconversion of biomass which needs a large amount of cellulase is costly. (springeropen.com)

We chose to focus this analysis on Bradyrhizobium and Burkholderia species, given their wide distribution (Figure 1), endosphere enrichment ( Figure S2), and detectable relationships with EcM fungi abundances in the field (Figure 2). (researchgate.net)
Diverse microflora species produce various sorts of cellulases, and their movement is pH-subordinate: some lean toward a basic situation (low pH), and others are increasingly dynamic in an acidic (high pH) or unbiased condition. (fruitofspirit.com)
A single fungus species in response to various signals can produce 100 or more secondary metabolites. (bvsalud.org)

The crude extracts of the isolated endophytic fungi were investigated for their antimicrobial potential, extracellular enzymatic activity and phosphate solubilization. (up.ac.za)
Furthermore, the endophytic fungus Talaromyces funiculosus displayed extracellular enzymatic activity, namely xylanase and cellulase. (up.ac.za)
Cellulases display three main types of enzymatic activities: endo-1,4-β-glucanases cutting cellulose chains internally, exo-1,4-β-glucanases (also called cellobiohydrolases) releasing cellobiose from cellulose chains ends, and β-glucosidases hydrolysing cellobiose to glucose. (biomedcentral.com)
In this article, the authors discuss the following views: the process of biomass to ethanol production, enzymes for lignocellulosic hydrolysis, factors affecting enzymatic hydrolysis and cellulase intervened hydrolysis and the improvement or enhancement of enzymatic saccharification and its future prospects for commercial lignocellulosic bioethanol production. (imedpub.com)
Therefore, thermophilic fungi may provide new enzymatic cocktails that are optimized for the industrial biochemical conversion of biomass to sugars for fermentation to biofuels. (biomedcentral.com)

In this study, we investigated patterns of amylase and cellulase (which are responsible for breaking down starch and cellulose, respectively) relative activity (RA) on solid media at different culture temperatures in fungal strains from Arctic, Antarctic and tropical soils. (nerc.ac.uk)
The data obtained indicate that the polar fungal strains exhibited similar patterns of amylase and cellulase RA. (nerc.ac.uk)

On-site cellulase production using locally available lignocellulosic biomass (LCB) is essential for cost-effective production of 2nd-generation biofuels. (biomedcentral.com)
The bioconversion of lignocellulosic biomass (LCB) into biofuels or chemicals such as bioethanol requires cellulolytic enzymes, e.g. cellulases and hemicellulases, in order to hydrolyse both cellulose and hemicellulose into their respective monomeric sugars [ 1 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

The white-rot fungus Trametes versicolor produces H 2 from wood under aerobic conditions, and H 2 production is completely suppressed under hypoxic conditions. (frontiersin.org)
It is expected that this novel finding of aerobic H 2 production from wood biomass by a white-rot fungus will open new fields in biohydrogen research. (frontiersin.org)
By applying immunoelectronmicroscopic methods, lignin peroxidase of the white rot fungus Phanerochaete chrysosporium has been localized in the cytoplasm of hyphae, close to the plasmalemma and on the plasmalemma. (irg-wp.com)
The way of attack on Pine woodblocks of two brown-rot fungi (Fomitopsis pinicola, Coniophora puteana) differing in their cellulase activities, and one white-rot fungus (Trametes hirsuta) has been investigated by transmission electron microscopy. (irg-wp.com)

Approximate 100 g/L extracellular cellulase could be produced in T. reesei (Cherry and Fidantsef 2003 ). (springeropen.com)

How are fungi microorganisms? (eyebulb.com)
Of the fungi classified as microorganisms, those that are multicellular and produce filamentous, microscopic structures are frequently called molds, whereas yeasts are unicellular fungi. (eyebulb.com)
How are fungi different from other microorganisms? (eyebulb.com)
Cellulase is usually delivered by various advantageous organisms, protozoa, and microorganisms that catalyze cellulolysis (the breakdown of cellulose). (fruitofspirit.com)

13. Thermophilic fungi as new sources for production of cellulases and xylanases with potential use in sugarcane bagasse saccharification. (nih.gov)
5. Temperature dependent cellulase adsorption on lignin from sugarcane bagasse. (nih.gov)

Cellulases also find application in animal and animal food, agriculture, biomass refining, brewery and wine, pulp and paper, and medical and pharmaceutical industry industries [ 4 , 5 ]. (arocjournal.com)
Thermophilic fungus Myceliophthora thermophila is industrially deployed fungus to produce enzymes and biobased chemicals from biomass during optimal growth at 45 °C. This study aimed to construct the M. thermophila platform for glucoamylase hyper-production by broadening genomic targeting range of the AsCas12a variants, identifying key candidate genes and strain engineering. (bvsalud.org)
Thermophilic fungi have attracted increased interest for their ability to secrete enzymes that deconstruct biomass at high temperatures. (biomedcentral.com)

Which is the most studied cellulolytic fungus in the world? (eyebulb.com)
Increasing costs and depletion of fossil fuels provoke the demand for hyper-cellulase production in this cellulolytic fungus. (springeropen.com)

abstract = "Based on the analysis of its genome sequence, the ectomycorrhizal (ECM) basidiomycetous fungus Laccaria bicolor was shown to be lacking many of the major classes of secreted enzymes that depolymerize plant cell wall polysaccharides. (nebraska.edu)

17. Comprehensive studies on optimization of cellulase and xylanase production by a local indigenous fungus strain via solid state fermentation using oil palm frond as substrate. (nih.gov)

Saprophytic fungi are good biodegraders. (intechopen.com)
The effect of the dual inoculation with arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) and saprophytic fungi and a combination of wheat straw and sewage sludge residues were studied by determining their effect on dry weight of tomato and on chemical and biochemical properties of soil. (wiley.com)
Incubation of organic residue (sewage sludge combined with wheat straw) with saprophytic fungi and plant inoculation with mycorrhizal fungi was essential to study plant growth promotion. (wiley.com)
The relative chlorophyll was greatest in mycorrhizal plants regardless of the presence of either saprophytic fungus. (wiley.com)
The presence of the saprophytic fungi increased soil pH as the incubation time increased. (wiley.com)
The application of organic residues in the presence of AM and saprophytic fungi seems to be an interesting option as a biofertilizer to improve plant growth and biochemical parameters of soils. (wiley.com)
Readily culturable thermophilic fungi are saprophytic and found in a range of environments, such as compost, where decomposition of organic matter occurs at elevated temperatures [ 2 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

The anaerobic fungi Neocallimastix and Piromyces spp. (frontiersin.org)
Are there any anaerobic fungi that are cellulolytic? (eyebulb.com)

Screening of endophytic fungus Acremonium sp. (geneticsmr.com)

Enzymes produced from thermophilic fungi can save the fermentation energy and reduce costs as compared to the fermentation system using mesophiles. (bvsalud.org)

11. The capability of endophytic fungi for production of hemicellulases and related enzymes. (nih.gov)
Cellulolytic enzymes (cellulases and hemicellulases) must be produced in fed-batch mode in order to obtain high productivity and yield. (biomedcentral.com)

Fungi are eukaryotic organisms that, like algae, have rigid cell walls and may be either unicellular or multicellular. (eyebulb.com)

2020 ) for rational improvement of cellulase production. (springeropen.com)

Fungal isolates from all three regions were inoculated onto R2A media supplemented with starch for amylase and carboxymethylcellulose and trypan blue for cellulase screening. (nerc.ac.uk)
Both Arctic and Antarctic fungi showed highest RA for amylase and cellulase at 35 °C, while colony growth was maximised at 15 °C. Colony growth and RA of the polar isolates were negatively correlated suggesting that, as temperatures increase, the cells become stressed and have fewer resources available to invest in growth. (nerc.ac.uk)

It decreased by 2-fold cellulase, endoglucanase, and cellobiohydrolase activities and by 4-fold β-glucosidase activity. (biomedcentral.com)

Diaporthe: a genus of endophytic, saprobic and plant pathogenic fungi. (geneticsmr.com)

Mycorrhizal fungi attack roots and live parasitically in the roots. (encyclopedia.com)

Here, we aimed to gain insight into the function of the transcription factors CLR1 and CLR2 in T. reesei, which are crucial for cellulase gene expression in N. crassa. (nih.gov)
Our data suggest that CLR1 and CLR2 have evolved differently in T. reesei compared to other fungi. (nih.gov)
By MS/MS-based "shotgun" proteomics, 80 proteins were identified in culture filtrates of T. reesei strain RUTC30 grown on corn cell walls and in a commercial "cellulase" preparation, Spezyme CP. (nebraska.edu)
To better manipulate T. reesei for enhanced cellulase production and to lower the cost for large-scale fermentation, it is wise to have a comprehensive understanding of the crucial factors and complicated biological network of cellulase production that could provide new perspectives for further exploration and modification. (springeropen.com)
In this review, we summarize recent progress and give an overview of the cellular process of cellulase production in T. reesei , including the carbon source-dependent cellulase induction, complicated transcriptional regulation network, and efficient protein assembly and trafficking. (springeropen.com)
T. reesei possesses excellent cellulase production ability, but it only harbors the minimum number of cellulase encoding genes among other fungi (Martinez et al. (springeropen.com)
Great effort has already been made to identify the crucial factors involved in the cellulase production in T. reesei . (springeropen.com)
Recently, numerous studies for deeper understanding and genetic engineering of cellulase production in T. reesei were conducted, including the identification of new regulators, characterization of the key signal transduction pathways and the discovery of the special factors that function in cellulose sensing (Chen et al. (springeropen.com)
To better engineer T. reesei for cellulase production, it is wise to have a comprehensive understanding of the crucial factors and complicated biological network of cellulase production that could provide new perspectives for rational modifications. (springeropen.com)
However, cellulase production in T. reesei is a complicated process, and the relevant pathways are simultaneously regulated through multiple factors that have not been fully elucidated. (springeropen.com)
In this article, based on current studies, the cellular process of cellulase production in T. reesei , consisting of carbon source-dependent cellulase induction, complicated transcriptional regulation network, and efficient protein assembly and trafficking, are broadly reviewed, giving new perspectives for further exploration and engineering. (springeropen.com)
Cellulase production is efficiently induced using cellulose as the carbon source in T. reesei . (springeropen.com)

The processive type of cellulase is crucial for efficient cellulose hydrolysis, and most of the characterized processive enzymes are exoglucanases, although endoglucanases of the processive type have been identified 6 . (nature.com)
Complete cellulose hydrolysis requires substantial cellulase loadings. (biomedcentral.com)

Regardless of classification, these pathogens will continue to be treated much the same as true fungi by those who work with plant diseases. (encyclopedia.com)
However, publications by the German scientist Anton de Bary beginning in 1853 convincingly demonstrated the prominent role fungi play as plant pathogens. (encyclopedia.com)
Of the three pathogens, fungi are most similar to animals in their structure. (eyebulb.com)

The term cellulase refers to a group of enzymes whose target in the natural world is the breakdown of cellulose, the most abundant and primary structural component of vascular plants. (dermaharmony.com)

This work is aimed to produce endoglucanase through solid state fermentation in a packed bed bioreactor with the use of the fungus Myceliophtora sp. (scielo.br)

Digestion of external cellulose requires the action of secreted cellulases, which belong to the glycoside hydrolase (GH) family of proteins and hydrolyse β-1,4 glycosidic bonds of the glucose polymer 4 . (nature.com)
Any glucanase/cellulase that cleaves internal glycoside bonds in a glucose polymer, as opposed to clipping off a terminal glucose from one end of a polymeric chain. (eyebulb.com)

Based on our analysis of A. bisporigera, this ECM fungus is deficient in many major classes of cell-wall-degrading enzymes, including both glycosyl hydrolases and carbohydrate esterases. (nebraska.edu)

endoglucanase (plural endoglucanases) (biochemistry) Any glucanase/cellulase that is active within the organism that produced it. (eyebulb.com)

Hypocrea jecorina), a biochemically well-characterized industrial fungus. (nebraska.edu)

3. Evaluation of cellulases produced from four fungi cultured on furfural residues and microcrystalline cellulose. (nih.gov)
Soil nitrogen and phosphorus contents and acid phosphatase were stimulated by the addition of organic residues, and contents of N and P. Total N and P content in soil increased when the organic residue was incubated with saprobe fungi, but this effect decreased as the incubation period of the residue with saprobe fungi increased. (wiley.com)

In addition to bioethanol production, the major industrial application of cellulases is in the textile industry for bio-polishing and in the production of detergents for fabric softness and brightness [ 3 ]. (arocjournal.com)

Cellulolytic fungi are chiefly organic carbohydrate degraders and are generally sourced for development (Gautam et al. (eyebulb.com)
whereas cellulase enzymes chiefly come from bacterias, protozoans, and fungi. (infinitabiotech.com)

Fusarium wilt is one of the most economically significant plant diseases caused by many forms of the soil-inhabiting fungus Fusarium oxysporum . (ppjonline.org)
The predominant fungus isolated from moldy corn implicated in a field outbreak of equine leukoencephalomalacia (ELEM) in South Africa in 1970 was Fusarium verticillioides (F. moniliforme). (nih.gov)

2019). However, altered soil moisture conditions have complex direct and indirect effects on both fungi and ecosystem processes, such as nutrient availability (Schimel 2018), making it difficult to elucidate the primary drivers of community composition based on field observations or experiments (Pena and Polle 2014). (researchgate.net)

Fungi, as food, play a role in human nutrition in the form of mushrooms, and also as agents of fermentation in the production of bread, cheeses, alcoholic beverages, and numerous other food preparations. (eyebulb.com)

The secreted cellulase mainly consists of two major cellobiohydrolases CBHI/CEL7A and CBHII/CEL6A, endoglucanases EGI/CEL7B and EGII/CEL5A, and β-glucosidases BGLI/CEL3A which account for 90% extracellular protein (de Paula et al. (springeropen.com)

A fourth group of fungi, the Oomycetes, has long been recognized to be very different from other fungi in both morphology and chemistry. (encyclopedia.com)
The growth and vegetative morphology of filamentous fungi is characterized by two seemingly related activities: Tip growth - the highly polarized extension of hyphal tips, and branching - the process by which new hyphal tips emerge. (caister.com)

Small blocks of ponderosa pine chemically modified by butylene oxide to three different weight percent gains (WPG) were decayed for 2 months with the brown rot fungus Fomitopsis pinicola. (irg-wp.com)
Heavy metals were removed from wood treated with copper based preservatives using brown-rot fungus Fomitopsis palustris. (irg-wp.com)

Thus, it is critical to reducing the cost of biodegradation by improving cellulase output. (springeropen.com)

1. An ascomycota coculture in batch bioreactor is better than polycultures for cellulase production. (nih.gov)
17. An ascomycota coculture in batch bioreactor is better than polycultures for cellulase production. (nih.gov)
Although the involvement in H 2 production of a gene annotated as an iron hydrogenase was uncertain, the results of organic acid supplementation, gene expression, and self-recombination experiments strongly suggest that formate metabolism plays a role in the mechanism of H 2 production by this fungus. (frontiersin.org)
Results: The results revealed that among the 3 agro-waste explored, SB was the most suitable carbon source utilized by A. niger and A. flavus for cellulase production. (arocjournal.com)
This information would be useful for the ideal formulation of media composition for maximum cellulase production by this organism. (arocjournal.com)
The primary obstacle impeding the industrial application of cellulases are the cost of production and the low yields of the cellulase enzymes [ 4 , 5 ]. (arocjournal.com)
Among that, the key factors involved in cellulase production were emphasized, shedding light on potential perspectives for further engineering. (springeropen.com)
There is a new publication that was just accepted for print regarding the production of cellulase. (nvcallow.com)
Thereafter, the fungus switches to the necrotrophic phase that is associated with the production of thin secondary hyphae that ramify intra- and inter-cellularly, killing and macerating host tissues by hydrolytic enzymes ahead of infection. (biomedcentral.com)
The PGP activity test presents PGP activities, such as indole acetic acid production, phosphate solubilization, starch hydrolysis, lignin hydrolysis, and cellulase activity. (ppjonline.org)

However, biochemical mechanism of oxalate biosynthesis in relation to physiology of wood-rotting fungi has not been eluc. (irg-wp.com)
No significant difference between inducers was observed on cellulase secretion performance, probably because a common induction mechanism occurred under carbon flux limitation. (biomedcentral.com)

Some of the fungi which are commonly known as mycorrhizae facilitate nutrients to more than 90% of green plants. (intechopen.com)
At that time many thought that fungi arose spontaneously in diseased plants and did not themselves cause disease. (encyclopedia.com)
Cellulase breaks down fiber from plants and grains. (dogsnaturallymagazine.com)
In this report six endophytic fungi were obtained from the leaves, stems and roots of South African medicinal plants which are known for their traditional uses and pharmacological properties. (up.ac.za)

Anatomy9

Organisms48

Diseases1

Chemicals and Drugs31

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment5

Phenomena and Processes18

Disciplines and Occupations3

Technology, Industry, Agriculture6

Information Science4

Health Care5

Trichoderma18

Enzyme11

Bacteria10

Aspergillus8

Living organisms1

Hemicellulase2

Amount of cellulase2

Species3

Enzymatic5

Strains2

Lignocellulosic biomass2

White-rot fungus4

Extracellular cellulase1

Microorganisms4

Sugarcane2

Biomass3

Cellulolytic fungus2

Abstract1

Xylanase production1

Saprophytic7

Anaerobic fungi2

Endophytic fungus1

Thermophilic fungi1

Hemicellulases2

Algae1

20201

Amylase2

Cellobiohydrolase1

Pathogenic1

Mycorrhizal1

Reesei12

Cellulose hydrolysis2

Pathogens3

Group of enzymes1

Solid state fermentation1

Glycoside2

Cell-wall-degradi1

Endoglucanase1

Hypocrea1

Residues2

Bioethanol1

Chiefly2

Fusarium2

20181

Fermentation1

CBHI1

Morphology2

Fomitopsis2

Biodegradation1

Production10

Mechanism2

Plants4