• The major human fungal pathogen Candida albicans possesses a diploid genome, but responds to growth in challenging environments by employing chromosome aneuploidy as an adaptation mechanism. (biomedcentral.com)
  • C. albicans normally possesses a diploid genome organized in eight pairs of chromosomes, but uses reversible loss or gain of an entire chromosome or a large part of chromosomes to survive in toxic environments that would otherwise kill cells or prevent their propagation [reviewed in 1 , 2 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • In this study, the Illumina HiSeq 4000 and PacBio platforms were used to sequence and assemble the whole genome of Fusarium equiseti D25-1. (researchsquare.com)
  • The total repetitive sequence length was 1,713,918 bp, accounting for 4.2033% of the genome. (researchsquare.com)
  • Advances in whole-genome sequencing technologies have enabled numerous key discoveries. (researchsquare.com)
  • Telomeres are the sequences that form the ends of eukaryotic chromosomes and are essential structures that confer genome stability and guide chromosome behavior. (uky.edu)
  • Unfortunately, however, most fungal genome assemblies contain very few telomeres and, therefore, the identities of genes residing near the chromosome ends are often unknown. (uky.edu)
  • See how the University of Washington used HiFi sequencing to uncover a key finding about ALS and the human genome. (pacb.com)
  • The genome sequence of Barbarea vulgaris facilitates the study of ecological biochemistry. (pacb.com)
  • Here we report a draft genome sequence of the G-type, and re-sequencing of the P-type for comparison. (pacb.com)
  • Draft genome sequence of Micromonospora sp. (pacb.com)
  • Complete genome sequence of Kosakonia oryzae type strain Ola 51(T). (pacb.com)
  • Here we summarize the features of the strain Ola 51(T) and describe its complete genome sequence. (pacb.com)
  • Genome sequencing of multiple R. solanacearum strains has identified both unique and shared genetic traits influencing their evolution and ability to colonize plant hosts. (pacb.com)
  • When a HEG is integrated into its recognition sequence in the genome, its protein product acts to cleave its cognate site on the homologous chromosome and gene conversion or homologous recombination can result in a new copy of the HEG being inserted. (plos.org)
  • Hybrid genome assembly approaches leverage benefits of both long, relatively error-prone reads from third-generation sequencing technologies and short, accurate. (swan.ac.uk)
  • Hybrid genome assembly approaches leverage benefits of both long, relatively error-prone reads from third-generation sequencing technologies and short, accurate reads from second-generation sequencing technologies, to produce more accurate and contiguous de novo genome assemblies in comparison to using either technology independently. (swan.ac.uk)
  • In the human genome, which is estimated to contain 25 000 genes, DNA is arranged into 24 distinct chromosomes (courtesy U.S. Department of Energy, Genome Management Information System). (thecanadianencyclopedia.ca)
  • 2011. Next generation sequencing provides rapid access to the genome of Puccinia striiformis sp. (triticeaecap.org)
  • Genome evolution in P teres is characterized by genome fissuring through the insertion and expansion of transposable elements (TEs), a process that isolates blocks of genic sequence. (edu.au)
  • Moreover, analysis showed that while expression of many genes on the monosomic Ch5 is altered in accordance with the chromosome ploidy, expression of a large fraction of genes is increased to the normal diploid level, presumably compensating for gene dose. (biomedcentral.com)
  • In light of data pointing to the importance of Ch5 in C. albicans drug resistance, there is a growing need to better understand the control of Ch5 ploidy and regulation of genes on this chromosome. (biomedcentral.com)
  • have analyzed the tef-1α sequences of F. equiseti , as well as the toxin-related genes PKS13 , PKS4, and TRI5 [26], and Kari has successfully cloned a protease gene [27]. (researchsquare.com)
  • Instead of mutations occurring in individual genes, this yeast can mutate by reorganizing their chromosomes and make extra copies of large chromosome pieces. (wellnessresources.com)
  • In addition, the terminal regions of the chromosomes tend to house genes with predicted roles in ecological adaptation. (uky.edu)
  • Burt proposed that such methods could be applied to engineer HEGs that recognise and cleave sequences within coding sequences of genes in insect genomes, with the subsequent invasion of these HEGs into a population leading to the inactivation of target genes and the subsequent decline in fitness of the targeted population [2] . (plos.org)
  • In particular, HEG gene drive could be particularly effective if activity was restricted to the male germline to target genes required for female fertility/viability or engineered to destroy the X-chromosome by cutting at multiple X-specific sites [5] , [6] . (plos.org)
  • Most sex and mating-type chromosomes exhibit an absence of recombination in large genomic regions around the animal, plant or fungal sex-determining genes. (peercommunityin.org)
  • In addition, using sequences of three mitochondrial genes, the phylogenetic relationships between every sample with a known karyotype were determined, which revealed significant nucleotide divergence among the karyomorphs. (scielo.br)
  • Gene differences between P. teres forms are mainly associated with gene-sparse regions near or within TE-rich regions, with many genes possessing characteristics of fungal effectors. (edu.au)
  • Transfers of a single gene, a complete metabolic pathway 10 , whole chromosomes 11 or even cases of the integration of almost complete genomes from bacterial endosymbionts into their eukaryotic hosts 12 have been described. (nature.com)
  • As repeat masking in fungal genomes influences the final gene annotations, an accurate and reproducible pipeline was developed to ensure comparability between isolates. (edu.au)
  • The genomes of the two forms are highly collinear, each composed of 12 chromosomes. (edu.au)
  • The genomic region flanked by plant colour locus (Plcor) and simple sequence repeat marker Xtxp95 on chromosome SBI-06 harboured disease-response QTL for all the three diseases caused by different fungal pathogens. (aber.ac.uk)
  • It is hypothesized that this region on sorghum chromosome SBI-06 could harbour a cluster of disease-response loci to different pathogens as observed in the syntenic regions on rice chromosome 4 and maize chromosome 2. (aber.ac.uk)
  • Amphibians are suffering catastrophic declines in biodiversity across the globe due to lethal fungal and viral pathogens. (plymouth.ac.uk)
  • The loss of one Ch5 also confers laboratory resistance to the anti-fungal flucytosine, as well as resistance to toxic sugar l -sorbose, which kills C. albicans in a manner similar to caspofungin or other frontline drugs from the echinocandin class [reviewed in 3 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • This enables this yeast to tolerate higher doses of anti-fungal medicine. (wellnessresources.com)
  • In an effort to develop a complete understanding of the organization and gene content of chromosome ends in a number of fungi, we developed efficient methods for the identification and targeted cloning of telomeres. (uky.edu)
  • Sequencing of the two leading filamentous fungi used in cheese making, P. roqueforti and P. camemberti , and comparison with the penicillin producer P. rubens reveals a 575 kb long genomic island in P. roqueforti -called Wallaby -present as identical fragments at non-homologous loci in P. camemberti and P. rubens . (nature.com)
  • 2021). The evolution of extended regions of recombination suppression is also documented on mating-type chromosomes in fungi (Hartmann et al. (peercommunityin.org)
  • In eukaryotes, the number and rough organization of chromosomes is well preserved within isolates of the same species. (wellnessresources.com)
  • Polytene chromosomes are structures found in highly specialized tissues in some animal and plant species, which are amplified through successive cycles of endoreduplication, finally producing several copies of each chromosome. (scielo.br)
  • In plants, polytene chromosomes have been observed in only a few species, and seemed to be restricted to ovary and immature seed tissues, e.g., in Phaseolus coccineus and P. vulgaris (Nagl, 1981), until relatively recently, when they were observed in the cells of the anther tapetum of Vigna unguiculata (Guerra and Carvalheira, 1994) and of some Phaseolus species (Carvalheira and Guerra, 1994). (scielo.br)
  • 2006). Karyotypic relationships among the tribes of Hypostominae (Siluriformes: Loricariidae) with description of XO sex chromosome system in a Neotropical fish species. (geneticsmr.com)
  • With advances in sequencing technology, it becomes possible to compare sexual chromosomes across species and infer the neutral and selective processes shaping polymorphism at these chromosomes. (peercommunityin.org)
  • In this study, the complete genomic sequence of Fusarium equiseti D25-1 was determined using multiple sequencing platforms. (researchsquare.com)
  • These observations led us to propose that in C. albicans , transcriptional compensation for gene dose serves to facilitate the formation and maintenance of aneuploid chromosome states that are required for survival in adverse environments [ 7 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Candida albicans is an opportunistic fungal pathogen that is part of the normal microbial community of the digestive tract and genitalia of humans. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Within cells, the cohesin complex helps regulate the structure and organization of chromosomes, stabilize cells' genetic information, and repair damaged DNA. (medlineplus.gov)
  • 2022) analyse how linkage to a necessarily heterozygous fungal mating type locus influences the persistence/extinction time of a new mutation at a second selected locus. (peercommunityin.org)
  • In this paper some aspects of the occurrence of plant polytenes will be summarized along with the structure and function of these chromosomes. (scielo.br)
  • In this study, we present a novel hybrid assembly pipeline that allowed for both mitogenome de novo assembly and telomere length de novo assembly of all 7 chromosomes of the model entomopathogenic fungus, Metarhizium brunneum.ResultsThe improved assembly allowed for better ab initio gene prediction and a more BUSCO complete proteome set has been generated in comparison to the eight current NCBI reference Metarhizium spp. (swan.ac.uk)
  • 2011. An improved consensus linkage map of barley based on flow-sorted chromosomes and single nucleotide polymorphism markers. (triticeaecap.org)
  • Nanopore sequencing and de novo assembly of a misidentified Camelpox vaccine reveals putative epigenetic modifications and alternate protein signal peptides by: Zack Saud, et al. (swan.ac.uk)
  • The present research report shows that a certain mini-chromosome can enable the yeast fungus to survive even if it is treated with nearly ten times the normal dose of the fungicide fluconazole. (wellnessresources.com)
  • Apparently, this yeast can generate a new chromosome by duplication of chromosome segments carrying a centromere and subsequently adding novel telomeric ends. (wellnessresources.com)
  • Finally, the integration of both molecular cytogenetic and phylogenetic approaches allowed the determination of specific chromosomes possibly involved in rearrangements and a better understanding about the evolutionary processes involved in the differentiation of Synbranchus genus. (scielo.br)
  • Among the analyzed specimens, a large degree of cytogenetic variation related to diploid numbers and karyotype structure was observed, with karyotypes showing 2n=42, 44 and 46 chromosomes. (scielo.br)
  • Our results are consistent with a model wherein chromosome-wide elevation of H4 acetylation mediated by the NuA4 complex plays a role in increasing gene expression in compensation for gene dose and adaption to growth in a toxic environment. (biomedcentral.com)
  • 2012) Sequencing papaya X and Yh chromosomes reveals molecular basis of incipient sex chromosome evolution. (marist.edu)
  • The endomitotic cycle (endomitosis) starts with a normal prophase (endoprophase), after which the chromosome contracts further (endometaphase), their sister chromatids separate from each other (endoanaphase) and decondense to assume the interphase nuclear structure, resulting in polyploid cells, with double the chromosome number (endopolyploidy) at the end of each cycle. (scielo.br)
  • Homing endonucleases differ functionally from the more well-known restriction endonucleases in that they possess longer recognition sequences of 18-22 base pairs in length. (plos.org)
  • Chromosomes segregated randomly into viable spores without preferences for generating near haploid or near diploid spores. (duke.edu)
  • For this reason, they have been very important in elucidating chromosome fine structure and physiology, especially in diptera. (scielo.br)
  • These data show a significant chromosome-wide elevation in histone H4 acetylation on the mCh5, but not on any other chromosome. (biomedcentral.com)
  • In the endoreduplication cycle, the chromatid number is duplicated, but they do not segregate, and after various endoreduplication cycles, larger and thicker chromosomes are produced, called polytenics. (scielo.br)
  • Jure Piškur stresses that people whose immune defense is normal run very little risk of being affected by the life-threatening form of fungal infection in the blood system. (wellnessresources.com)