RegenerativeRegenerationDifferentiationAmputationAdultPhysiologicalDevelopmentalProliferationHomeostasisCellularCharacteristicsRegenerateOrganBiologyDifferentiateTissuesDevelopmentGeneticAnalysisTypesMouseDamageAnimalMesenchymalSomaticSequenceTumorDegradationDedifferentiationFate decisionsTherapeuticProteinsPathwayProteinRestoreFormationSignificantlySizeModelPromoteArchitecture
Regenerative5
- therefore, new researches focused on regenerative medicine have been developed, including the use of stem cells. (biomedcentral.com)
- Consequently, because of the increased rate of RF in terminal stage and few alternative treatments, new investigations focused on regenerative medicine have been developed, including the use of stem cells (SCs) [ 7 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
- Interestingly, the neoblast mitotic response was increased around the amputation area but the regenerative blastema failed to form. (biomedcentral.com)
- This organism is well known for its stem cell-based regenerative capability. (biomedcentral.com)
- Neural control of growth and size in the axolotl limb regenerate [2] "Upon the completion of the developmental stages of regeneration, when the regenerative organ known as the blastema completes patterning and differentiation, the limb regenerate is proportionally small in size. (edu.au)
Regeneration11
- In biology, regeneration is the process of renewal, restoration, and tissue growth that makes genomes, cells, organisms, and ecosystems resilient to natural fluctuations or events that cause disturbance or damage. (wikipedia.org)
- At its most elementary level, regeneration is mediated by the molecular processes of gene regulation and involves the cellular processes of cell proliferation, morphogenesis and cell differentiation. (wikipedia.org)
- Cells in the primordia of zebrafish fins, for example, express four genes from the homeobox msx family during development and regeneration. (wikipedia.org)
- Dedifferentiation of cells means that they lose their tissue-specific characteristics as tissues remodel during the regeneration process. (wikipedia.org)
- This should not be confused with the transdifferentiation of cells which is when they lose their tissue-specific characteristics during the regeneration process, and then re-differentiate to a different kind of cell. (wikipedia.org)
- It is well-established that early embryonic signaling pathways are critical for growth and patterning of new tissue during regeneration. (frontiersin.org)
- The regeneration of a tissue intuitively recapitulates aspects of its embryonic development. (frontiersin.org)
- Planarians are flatworms with large populations of stem cells capable of dividing to support adult tissue renewal and regeneration. (biomedcentral.com)
- Our results also reveal novel roles for Akt signaling during regeneration, specifically for the timely localization of cell death near the injury site. (biomedcentral.com)
- This paucity is likely due to the ubiquitous nature of this signaling pathway and the difficulty of analyzing stem cells in their natural environment during physiological cell turnover and regeneration in conventional animal models [ 15 - 17 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
- Histological studies focusing on the early cephalic tentacle regeneration in P. canaliculata, have demonstrated that wound closure and blastema formation took place within 24 h post amputation (hpa). (unimore.it)
Differentiation2
- In this research, we generate differentiated kidney cells (DKCs) from mouse pluripotent stem cells (mPSCs) analyzing their morphological, genetic, phenotypic, and spectroscopic characteristics along differentiation, highlighting that there are no reports of the use of Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy to characterize the directed differentiation of mPSCs to DKCs. (biomedcentral.com)
- Moreover, FTIR spectroscopy resulted in a non-invasive, rapid and precise technic that together with principal component analysis allows to characterize chemical and structurally both kind of cells and also discriminate and determine different stages along the cell differentiation process. (biomedcentral.com)
Amputation2
- However, in response to amputation, levels of cell death were decreased and failed to localize near the injury site. (biomedcentral.com)
- After amputation, granular hemocytes infiltrate the blastema of regenerating cephalic tentacles of the freshwater snail Pomacea canaliculata. (unimore.it)
Adult5
- Embryonic or adult SCs by definition are characterized by their self-renewal and potentiality, peculiarities that allow them to give rise to more SCs and differentiate into various cell lineages under appropriate conditions. (biomedcentral.com)
- Strategies include the rearrangement of pre-existing tissue, the use of adult somatic stem cells and the dedifferentiation and/or transdifferentiation of cells, and more than one mode can operate in different tissues of the same animal. (wikipedia.org)
- Functional disruption of Smed-Akt alters the balance between cell proliferation and cell death leading to systemic impairment of adult tissue renewal. (biomedcentral.com)
- The protein kinase Akt also known as PKB, regulates multiple cellular functions including proliferation, survival, and growth during embryonic development and adult tissue homeostasis [ 1 - 5 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
- Planarians contain an abundant and accessible population of somatic adult stem cells called neoblasts [ 18 - 21 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Physiological1
- Neural cells, for example, express growth-associated proteins, such as GAP-43, tubulin, actin, an array of novel neuropeptides, and cytokines that induce a cellular physiological response to regenerate from the damage. (wikipedia.org)
Developmental2
- 873 During the developmental process, genes are activated that serve to modify the properties of cell as they differentiate into different tissues. (wikipedia.org)
- The sequence of axolotl embryonic developmental stages was characterised in the late 1980's. (edu.au)
Proliferation3
- In both processes, rapid proliferation gives rise to new tissue, cell fate has to be specified within that tissue, and distinct positional identities have to be established to generate a properly patterned structure. (frontiersin.org)
- In mammals, Akt is ubiquitously expressed and is associated with regulation of cellular proliferation, metabolism, cell growth and cell death. (biomedcentral.com)
- This study defined the role of Smed-Akt in abnormal cell proliferation triggered by the abrogation of the phosphatase PTEN, an upstream component of the Akt signaling pathway, which is highly mutated in human cancers. (biomedcentral.com)
Homeostasis1
- Advances in tissue engineering technology have led to the production of novel human skin equivalents and organoids that reproduce cell-cell interactions with tissue-scale tensional homeostasis, and enable us to evaluate skin tissue morphology, functionality, drug response and wound healing. (mdpi.com)
Cellular2
- Nonetheless, there is limited understanding of how Akt signaling controls the response of stem cells during cellular turnover and tissue injury in the complexity of the whole organism. (biomedcentral.com)
- The neoblasts are the only dividing cells in planarians and constantly proliferate to repair tissues and support systemic cellular turnover [ 21 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Characteristics1
- ESCs are obtained from inner cell mass, characterized by unlimited self-renewal and pluripotentiality, which allow them to differentiate into various specialized cells types in a morphologically and functionally way, characteristics that make them attractive for developing differentiated kidney cells (DKCs) [ 9 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Regenerate1
- After the limb or tail has been autotomized, cells move into action and the tissues will regenerate. (wikipedia.org)
Organ1
- The kidney is a complex organ composed of several cell types, and it is conformed approximately by 11,000 nephrons. (biomedcentral.com)
Biology1
- Thus, Akt signaling regulates neoblast biology and mediates in the distribution of injury-mediated cell death during tissue repair in planarians. (biomedcentral.com)
Differentiate1
- According to their potentiality, embryonic stem cells (ESCs) are classified as totipotent and pluripotent, both of them can differentiate into the three germ lines. (biomedcentral.com)
Tissues1
- Therefore, we propose that damage to and subsequent release of mtDNA elicits a protective signalling response that enhances nDNA repair in cells and tissues, suggesting that mtDNA is a genotoxic stress sentinel. (regenerativemedicine.net)
Development2
- The genetic and protein experiments proved the obtention of DKCs that passed through the chronological stages of embryonic kidney development. (biomedcentral.com)
- Our results indicated that we obtained DKCs from mPSCs, which passed through the chronological stages of embryonic kidney development. (biomedcentral.com)
Genetic1
- Pattern formation in the morphogenesis of an animal is regulated by genetic induction factors that put cells to work after damage has occurred. (wikipedia.org)
Analysis2
- Regarding vibrational spectroscopy analysis by FTIR, bands related with biomolecules were shown on mPSCs and DKCs spectra, observing distinct differences between cell lineages and maturation stages. (biomedcentral.com)
- After the injection of clodronate liposomes, a specific computer-assisted image analysis protocol still evidenced the presence of granular hemocytes in the tentacle blastema. (unimore.it)
Types1
- Thousands of copies of the circular mtDNA are present in most cell types that are packaged by TFAM into higher-order structures called nucleoids1. (regenerativemedicine.net)
Mouse1
- In addition, mtDNA stress in TFAM-deficient mouse melanoma cells produces tumours that are more resistant to doxorubicin in vivo. (regenerativemedicine.net)
Damage1
- In cultured primary fibroblasts and cancer cells, the chemotherapeutic drug doxorubicin causes mtDNA damage and release, which leads to cGAS STING dependent ISG activation. (regenerativemedicine.net)
Animal1
- Downregulation of Smed-Akt function also resulted in an increase of cell death throughout the animal. (biomedcentral.com)
Mesenchymal2
- Recently, mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) therapy has been reported as a novel approach in the wound healing field [ 3 , 4 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
- The mesenchymal stem cells grown on patterned substrates present gene and protein expression profiles similar to corneal keratocytes. (bvsalud.org)
Somatic2
- Strategies include the rearrangement of pre-existing tissue, the use of adult somatic stem cells and the dedifferentiation and/or transdifferentiation of cells, and more than one mode can operate in different tissues of the same animal. (wikipedia.org)
- The interplay between neoblasts and somatic cells affects the identities and proportions of various tissues during homeostasis and regeneration. (bvsalud.org)
Sequence2
- Phosphorylation of β-catenin on a conserved sequence within the N-terminus (referred to as a phosphodegron sequence) induces βTrcp-dependent ubiquitylation and proteasomal degradation. (wormbook.org)
- We previously demonstrated that microvesicles can functionally deliver plasmid DNA to cells and showed that plasmid size and sequence, in part, determine the delivery efficiency. (regenerativemedicine.net)
Tumor3
- In vivo delivery of TK-NTR and administration of prodrugs led to the effective killing of both targeted cells and surrounding tumor cells via TK-NTR-mediated conversion of co-delivered prodrugs into active cytotoxic agents. (regenerativemedicine.net)
- In vivo evaluation of the bystander effect in mouse models demonstrated that for effective therapy, at least 1% of tumor cells need to be delivered with TK-NTR-encoding MCs. (regenerativemedicine.net)
- These results suggest that MC delivery via microvesicles can mediate gene transfer to an extent that enables effective prodrug conversion and tumor cell death such that it comprises a promising approach to cancer therapy. (regenerativemedicine.net)
Degradation1
- Conversely, CKI depletion in S2 cells impairs Expanded degradation downstream of Crumbs. (sdbonline.org)
Dedifferentiation1
- Fin injury triggers wound epidermis formation and the dedifferentiation of injury-adjacent mature cells to establish an organized blastema of progenitor cells. (bvsalud.org)
Fate decisions2
- During the development of complex multicellular organisms, series of cell fate decisions and morphogenetic movements generate the different tissues and organs of the embryo. (wormbook.org)
- Hippo signalling integrates diverse stimuli related to epithelial architecture to regulate tissue growth and cell fate decisions. (sdbonline.org)
Therapeutic3
- In this study, we investigated the therapeutic effects and mechanism of antler stem cell-conditioned medium (ASC-CM) on cutaneous wound healing in rats. (biomedcentral.com)
- This finding offers a potential to develop a cell-free therapeutic for cutaneous wound healing in the clinic. (biomedcentral.com)
- Corneal cell therapy is a promising therapeutic strategy for healing corneal tissue or even enhancing corneal function upon advanced disorders, however, the sources of corneal keratocytes are limited for clinical applications. (bvsalud.org)
Proteins3
- Wnt proteins are also important regulators of C. elegans development, with functions in processes as diverse as cell fate specification, asymmetric cell division, cell migration and synapse formation. (wormbook.org)
- Wnt proteins trigger a wide variety of responses, ranging from cell fate specification through the activation of specific target genes to the control of cell polarity and migration through pathways that directly modulate the cytoskeleton ( Angers and Moon, 2009 ). (wormbook.org)
- A mechanistic understanding of these coordinated cell behaviors and transitions requires direct knowledge of proteins in their physiological context, including expression, subcellular localization, and activity. (bvsalud.org)
Pathway1
- Increasing evidence has shown that MSCs induce wound healing more likely to be through the paracrine pathway [ 6 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Protein1
- Microvesicles loaded with MCs encoding a thymidine kinase (TK)/nitroreductase (NTR) fusion protein produced prolonged TK-NTR expression in mammary carcinoma cells. (regenerativemedicine.net)
Restore1
- Once wounded, their cells become activated and restore the organs back to their pre-existing state. (wikipedia.org)
Formation1
- Pattern formation in the morphogenesis of an animal is regulated by genetic induction factors that put cells to work after damage has occurred. (wikipedia.org)
Significantly1
- We demonstrated that MCs can be loaded into shed microvesicles with greater efficiency than their parental plasmid counterparts and that microvesicle-mediated MC delivery led to significantly higher and more prolonged transgene expression in recipient cells than microvesicles loaded with the parental plasmid. (regenerativemedicine.net)
Size1
- Ptp61F also regulates cell contractility and myosin activation and controls 3D cell shape by reducing cell height and horizontal cell size. (sdbonline.org)
Model1
- In order to evaluate whether this wound healing promotion from the ASCs was species-specific, we injected this cell type into the model rats with cutaneous wounds and found that the wounds achieved similar healing results to those in deers. (biomedcentral.com)
Promote1
- Functional analysis shows that ExC2 is required for Ex to promote the phosphorylation and inactivation of Yki in Drosophila cells. (sdbonline.org)
Architecture1
- Keratocytes are isolated from human corneal stroma and grown to transmit their ECM architecture and cell-like topographies to a PDMS substrate. (bvsalud.org)