• The present study employed a cross-sectional analysis to examine age-related functional activation in amygdala and prefrontal cortex, as well as functional connectivity between these regions, in adolescents at clinical high risk (CHR) for psychosis relative to typically developing adolescents. (nih.gov)
  • Regression analyses were used to predict activation in the amygdala and ventrolateral prefrontal cortex (vlPFC) based on age, group, sex, and the interaction of age by group. (nih.gov)
  • Controls displayed decreased amygdala and increased vlPFC activation with age, while patients exhibited the opposite pattern (increased amygdala and decreased vlPFC activation), suggesting a failure of prefrontal cortex to regulate amygdala reactivity. (nih.gov)
  • Based on evidence for structural and functional preservation of the amygdala in older adults and findings that older adults show greater prefrontal cortex activity than younger adults while engaging in emotion-processing tasks, we argue that the cognitive control hypothesis is a more likely explanation for older adults' positivity effect than the aging-brain model. (researchgate.net)
  • Compared with baseline, patients with CBT showed significantly decreased connectivity of the left amygdala with the right putamen, the left dorsal medial prefrontal cortex (dmPFC) and the right dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (dACC). (biomedcentral.com)
  • Furthermore, anxiety was associated with a negative connectivity between amygdala and ventral medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC), suggesting disrupted emotion regulation. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The current study utilizes longitudinal structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data to describe the developmental trajectories of regions associated with risk-taking and sensation-seeking behaviors, namely, the amygdala, nucleus accumbens (NAcc) and prefrontal cortex (PFC). (karger.com)
  • The present fMRI study of script-driven imagery in 20 women demonstrates that social E-P, independent of valence, more strongly recruits brain regions involved in social- and self-referential processing, specifically the dorsomedial prefrontal cortex, posterior cingulate/precuneus, bilateral temporal poles, bilateral temporoparietal junction and right amygdala. (uwo.ca)
  • The former action would be exerted at the forebrain, chiefly the amygdala and medial prefrontal cortex (PFC), while the latter would be exerted at the dorsal periaqueductal gray (DPAG) matter of the midbrain. (ingentaconnect.com)
  • Spatial pattern analysis revealed significant overlap of reported effects with limbic, default mode, ventral attention, and corticostriatal networks, and co-activation analyses revealed functional ensembles encompassing the prefrontal cortex, insula, and midbrain/brainstem. (neurovault.org)
  • We found increased functional connectivity between the nucleus accumbens and the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex during the cue-induced craving state. (bvsalud.org)
  • 2019) revealed that loneliness was associated with disrupted functional connectivity between brain regions involved in emotion regulation, such as the amygdala and the prefrontal cortex. (mindflowperformance.com)
  • The researchers found that patient-reported impairments in physical health and illness duration were each associated with disruptions in white matter fibers within the stria terminalis/fornix, a pathway that is the principal output of the amygdala and hippocampus (brain areas that play roles in emotion/salience and learning/memory, respectively). (technologynetworks.com)
  • The human amygdala and hippocampus are critically involved in various processes in face perception. (eneuro.org)
  • In this study, we employed two task instructions when participants viewed the same faces and recorded single-neuron activity from the human amygdala and hippocampus. (eneuro.org)
  • Together, our results provide a comprehensive survey of task modulation of neural processes underlying face perception at the single-neuron level in the human amygdala and hippocampus. (eneuro.org)
  • The human amygdala and hippocampus play important roles in face perception, but it remains unclear how task demands or evaluative contexts modulate neural face processing, especially at the single-neuron level in the human brain. (eneuro.org)
  • First, the human amygdala and hippocampus encode social judgment of faces. (eneuro.org)
  • a key function of the amygdala and hippocampus that is supported by forming a highly sparse representation of identity at the level of single neurons. (eneuro.org)
  • a mechanism that bridges the perception-driven representation of facial features in the higher visual cortex and the memory-driven representation of semantics in the amygdala and hippocampus. (eneuro.org)
  • Pre-conflict neuroimaging results replicate previous studies on romantic love, showing activations in the striatum, insula, anterior and posterior cingulate gyrus, orbitofrontal cortex, hippocampus, temporal and occipital poles and amygdala when viewing the romantic partner versus an unknown person. (mediate.com)
  • Significant deactivations in the amygdala, insula, thalamus and hippocampus, as well as activation of the medial orbitofrontal cortex, were observed after CBT in phobic patients when compared with controls. (unifesp.br)
  • MRI can be considered the preferred neuroimaging examination for Alzheimer disease because it allows accurate measurement of the 3-dimensional (3D) volume of brain structures, especially the size of the hippocampus and related regions. (medscape.com)
  • Numerous studies, exploring gray matter and white matter, showed distinct aspects of disease and symptoms in narcolepsy with cataplexy related to the hypothalamus, thalamus, amygdalo-hippocampus, and frontoparietal cortex. (pfmjournal.org)
  • Next, the amygdala was then engaged by having the subject match fearful facial expressions during an fMRI scan (by the 3-T GE Signa scanner). (wikipedia.org)
  • Structural MRI and brain activation during a functional MRI (fMRI) task that probes reward and punishment processing was examined in a subset of 10 AA and 23 EM. (frontiersin.org)
  • The resting-state functional connectivity (rsFC) method has become a valuable tool for investigating network function, as it allows for a paradigm-free analysis of connectivity in fMRI without a priori assumptions about neural activation [ 18 , 19 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Neuroimaging social emotional processing in women: fMRI study of scrip" by Paul A Frewen, David J A Dozois et al. (uwo.ca)
  • Neuroimaging social emotional processing in women: fMRI study of script-driven imagery. (uwo.ca)
  • The main focus in this paper was to summarize some of the observation done by functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) on neural processes underlying cognitive reappraisal. (diva-portal.org)
  • Furthermore, studies utilising neuroimaging techniques, such as functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), have provided evidence of altered brain connectivity in socially isolated individuals. (mindflowperformance.com)
  • Thirteen patients with AN and 10 healthy control subjects (aged 13-21) rated visual food and non-food stimuli for pleasantness during functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) in a hungry and a satiated state. (blogspot.com)
  • In one study, there was fundamentally more noteworthy action observed in the amygdala, rostral, dorsomedial and lateral frontal, and parietal cortices of the brain, using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). (innovationscns.com)
  • The results of the study showed that there was bilateral activity in the amygdala for every subject when processing the fearful images, as expected. (wikipedia.org)
  • Additionally, the strength of the functional connectivity between the bilateral pgACC and the right dorsal ACC (dACC)/right thalamus was positively correlated with hopelessness, one of the core characteristics of depression. (nature.com)
  • We previously demonstrated that carbon dioxide inhalation could induce panic anxiety in a group of rare lesion patients with focal bilateral amygdala damage. (jneurosci.org)
  • SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT We found that monozygotic twins with focal bilateral amygdala lesions report panic anxiety in response to intravenous infusions of isoproterenol, a β-adrenergic agonist similar to adrenaline. (jneurosci.org)
  • We used bilateral amygdala as seed regions and the rsFC maps of the right and left amygdala were created separately in a voxel-wise way. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Animal models and human neuroimaging studies have demonstrated that anxiety and fear are regulated by distinct neurobiological circuits such that the fear response is mediated by the central nucleus of the amygdala (CeA), and anxiety is mediated by the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis (BNST) [ 11 , 12 ]. (nature.com)
  • These findings indicate that the amygdala may play a role in dynamically detecting changes in cardiorespiratory sensation. (jneurosci.org)
  • These findings highlight that the amygdala is not strictly required for the experience of panic anxiety, and suggest that neural systems beyond the amygdala are also involved. (jneurosci.org)
  • These findings indicate that in OCD patients the amygdala is specifically involved in facial affect recognition and are in line with the hypothesis of a primary emotional processing deficit that might underlie the additional cognitive and behavioural symptoms.1. (aceon.world)
  • These early findings suggest that targeting elevated amygdala theta activity during negative emotional states may hold promise for future closed-loop neuromodulation therapies in PTSD. (nature.com)
  • Encouraged by these findings, we formulated a hypothesis that humans suffering from treatment-resistant PTSD could potentially benefit from amygdala DBS as a novel therapeutic approach. (nature.com)
  • Functional neuroimaging studies have identified brain regions that associate with peripheral inflammation in humans, yet there are open questions about the consistency, specificity, and network characteristics of these findings. (neurovault.org)
  • These studies are discussed in the context of earlier findings regarding methodological differences and limitations and concerning possible implications for future research and the clinical setting. (springer.com)
  • Considerable empirical data for the neurobiology of PTSD has been derived from neuroimaging studies, although findings have proven inconsistent. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Can findings from neuroimaging tell us anything at all about neurobiology - or are they just fancy illustrations that are better suited for children's books? (interdisciplinary-college.org)
  • In this review, neuroimaging findings using structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), which exams the whole brain structures, and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI), which evaluates white matter (WM) integrity, are presented. (pfmjournal.org)
  • Our study is the first to provide meta-analytic evidence for distinct neuroanatomical abnormalities underlying the pathophysiology of anxiety-, fear-related and depressive disorders. (nature.com)
  • Individuals with functional neurological disorder (FND) have symptoms not explained by traditional neurological conditions, including limb weakness, tremor, gait abnormalities, seizures and sensory deficits. (technologynetworks.com)
  • This is notable given that several structural and functional neuroimaging studies have identified amygdalar and hippocampal abnormalities in patients with FND. (technologynetworks.com)
  • However, with regard to functional brain abnormalities, this issue has not yet been clarified. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Functional response within brain regions involved in E-P was also significantly more pronounced during negatively relative to positively valenced E-P. Finally, the effect for social E-P was increased for positive relative to negative stimuli in many of these same regions. (uwo.ca)
  • Furthermore, they presented less activity in the amygdala in response to these facial affect stimuli. (aceon.world)
  • Despite its relatively modest size, the amygdala plays a vital role in emotional processing and is responsible for shaping our responses to various stimuli. (perexpteamworks.com)
  • By associating emotions with specific stimuli, the amygdala contributes to the learning process, facilitating adaptive behavioral responses based on past experiences. (perexpteamworks.com)
  • The central nucleus receives information from the basolateral complex and serves as the main output center of the amygdala, influencing autonomic and behavioral responses to emotional stimuli. (perexpteamworks.com)
  • Neuroimaging studies of visually presented food stimuli in patients with anorexia nervosa have demonstrated decreased activations in inferior parietal and visual occipital areas, and increased frontal activations relative to healthy persons, but so far no inferences could be drawn with respect to the influence of hunger or satiety. (blogspot.com)
  • Moreover, a psychophysiological interaction analysis revealed decreased amygdala-prefrontal functional connectivity among CHR adolescents, consistent with disrupted brain connectivity as a vulnerability factor in schizophrenia. (nih.gov)
  • Thimerosal: Clinical, epidemiologic and biochemical studies. (educate-yourself.org)
  • Short-term group CBT could down-regulate the abnormal higher connectivity of prefrontal-amygdala network, along with clinical improvement. (biomedcentral.com)
  • However, another question raises that whether these aberrant amygdala-related networks can be modulated along with clinical improvement after treatment. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Additionally, we observed decreased amygdala theta activity associated with aversive experiences along with clinical improvements. (nature.com)
  • Drawing from our collective clinical experience, we recognized that deep brain stimulation (DBS) mimics a functional inactivation of the area targeted in movement disorder. (nature.com)
  • In our initial pre-clinical investigation, we embarked on a study utilizing rodents as a model for PTSD 4 . (nature.com)
  • Analyses of clinical, neuroimaging and cellular energetics data are underway. (umn.edu)
  • This study points to brain function normalizing with clinical and weight restoration, which should be verified in intra-individual longitudinal studies. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Yet, neuroimaging research in clinical samples characterized by high dissociation (e.g. (springer.com)
  • Although diagnosing dementia is largely a clinical endeavor, neuroimaging plays an increasingly important role in accurately determining the underlying etiology, which extends beyond its traditional role in excluding other causes of altered cognition. (medscape.com)
  • Alzheimer disease is diagnosed via clinical, neuropsychological, and neuroimaging assessments. (medscape.com)
  • Together, these results characterize brain regions and networks associated with peripheral inflammation in humans, and they provide a functional neuroanatomical reference point for future neuroimaging studies on brain-body interactions. (neurovault.org)
  • The two existing studies examining the performance Inhibitors,research,lifescience,medical of pulse oximetry in humans with septic shock [7,9] were small, consisting of a combined 17 patients, and were undertaken in the intensive care unit (ICU), later in the course of disease. (wee1signaling.com)
  • Although many of these studies used blended faces combining neutral and emotional expressions, the results may reflect perceptual sensitivity to emotional intensities rather than interpretative biases 11 . (nature.com)
  • The current paper reviews functional magnetic resonance imaging studies investigating age-related differences in emotional processing and discusses how this evidence relates to two opposing theoretical accounts of older adults' positivity effect. (researchgate.net)
  • To further elucidate the amygdala-independent mechanisms leading to aversive emotional experiences, we retested two of these patients (B.G. and A.M.) to examine whether triggering palpitations and dyspnea via stimulation of non-chemosensory interoceptive channels would be sufficient to elicit panic anxiety. (jneurosci.org)
  • Emotion theory emphasizes the distinction between social vs non-social emotional-processing (E-P) although few functional neuroimaging studies have examined whether the neural systems that mediate social vs non-social E-P are similar or distinct. (uwo.ca)
  • Dysfunction in the amygdala can contribute to anxiety disorders and emotional disorders. (perexpteamworks.com)
  • The amygdala is primarily involved in the processing and regulation of emotions, making it a central hub for emotional experiences. (perexpteamworks.com)
  • The amygdala helps consolidate memories linked to emotional events, enhancing the encoding and storage of emotionally significant experiences. (perexpteamworks.com)
  • The amygdala aids in the interpretation of facial expressions, body language, and vocal cues, enabling us to decipher and respond appropriately to the emotional states of others. (perexpteamworks.com)
  • In particular, neuroimaging has been extensively performed to investigate the pathophysiology and anatomical correlates of the characteristic symptoms of disease, such as cognitive or emotional problems and sleep-wake disturbances. (pfmjournal.org)
  • The purpose of the study was to explore social anxiety in adolescents as well as associated factors, such as parenting styles, self-esteem, quality of life, emotional intelligence, and brain activity, in social anxiety. (innovationscns.com)
  • Social anxiety was directly related to low self-esteem, authoritarian parenting style, interbrain synchrony between parents and adolescents, low quality of life, weak emotional intelligence, and higher activity in the amygdala of the brain. (innovationscns.com)
  • In this study we compared depressive and anxiety symptoms between adolescent and young adult female oligo-amenorrheic athletes (AA) and eumenorrheic females (EM), and explored structural, and functional changes in related brain areas during reward processing, a behavioral construct that is altered in depression and anxiety. (frontiersin.org)
  • There is abundant evidence of structural and functional brain alterations during the acute stage of anorexia nervosa (AN), although affected brain areas differ based on various study methodologies. (biomedcentral.com)
  • A variety of imaging modalities, including structural and functional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and positron emission tomography (PET) studies of cerebral metabolism, have shown characteristic changes in the brain of patients with Alzheimer disease in prodromal and even presymptomatic states. (medscape.com)
  • New York, Oxford University Press, 2011] proposes that older adults' positivity effect is a consequence of age-related decline in the amygdala, whereas the cognitive control hypothesis [Kryla-Lighthall and Mather in: Handbook of Theories of Aging, ed 2. (researchgate.net)
  • However, it is still unclear whether effective group cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) could modulate the function of amygdala-related network. (biomedcentral.com)
  • In 1987 Lovaas showed that the earlier the intervention, the greater the impact on cognitive and social functioning which has been confirmed in later studies and randomized control trials. (tocureautism.org)
  • Brain-imaging studies of ER have broadly focused on examining cognitive strategies, such as reappraisal, in order to understand underlying variables that contribute to the development of this particular process of emotions. (diva-portal.org)
  • Even though many studies have been performed in measuring brain-activity when engaging in cognitive reappraisal, a unified and accepted agreement has yet not been found. (diva-portal.org)
  • In broader terms, brain-responses when engaging in cognitive reappraisal seem to operate in a particular manner where different parts of prefrontal and parietal cortex execute control over subcortical regions, such as amygdala. (diva-portal.org)
  • In this study, we comprehensively analyzed how task instruction modulates key aspects of face processing, including low-level facial features such as face shape and texture, social trait judgment of faces such as trustworthiness and dominance, as well as neural correlates of eye movement when viewing faces. (eneuro.org)
  • The deformations may reflect structural correlates underlying functional memory impairments and distinguish depression from other psychiatric disorders. (uel.ac.uk)
  • Structural MRI studies have contributed to the current understanding of the neuroanatomical phenotype of autism. (tocureautism.org)
  • We observed specific increases in low-frequency brain activity in the amygdala during aversive experiences. (nature.com)
  • The induction of panic anxiety provides further evidence that the amygdala is not required for the conscious experience of fear induced via interoceptive sensory channels. (jneurosci.org)
  • Amygdala is considered as the core pathogenesis of generalized social anxiety disorder (GSAD). (biomedcentral.com)
  • Especially, the changes of the connectivity between the left amygdala and the dACC positively correlated with changes of the anxiety symptom in patients. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Impaired connectivity between amygdala and anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) rather than the activity pattern of the amygdala has been found to be related to anxiety symptoms severity [ 13 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The present review is focused on studies designed to test this hypothesis, performed in animal models of anxiety and panic, as well as in human experimental anxiety tests. (ingentaconnect.com)
  • Social anxiety is also associated with higher activity in the amygdala and lower gamma interbrain synchrony. (innovationscns.com)
  • This pattern of development did not directly relate to self-reported behaviors at an individual level in our sample, highlighting the need for prospective studies combining anatomical and behavioral measures. (karger.com)
  • Recent behavioral studies indicate distinct patterns of performance and suggest differential hemispheric involvement for insight and noninsight solutions. (neurotransmitter.net)
  • Whereas we additionally found increased functional connectivity between the nucleus accumbens and a midline part of the thalamus during the cue-induced craving state. (bvsalud.org)
  • Furthermore, obsessive thinking about cocaine and the actual intensity of cocaine use were predictive of cue-induced functional connectivity changes between the nucleus accumbens and the thalamus. (bvsalud.org)
  • In this study, neurons expressing OT, arginine vasopressin (AVP), or tyrosine-hydroxylase (TH) (dopaminergic neurons), were counted in the PVN of prairie voles. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Moreover, studies that aimed to develop new intervention approaches also applied neuroimaging techniques to associate the changes of brain responses with the changes of headache symptoms, exploring a deeper understanding of the treatment mechanism thus facilitating treatment protocols. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The patients with reduced amygdala volume also showed a trend for more severe OCD symptoms. (aceon.world)
  • Consequently, it appeared plausible that DBS neuromodulation could be applied to regulate amygdala activity and, in turn, ameliorate the symptoms associated with PTSD. (nature.com)
  • Post-traumatic stress influences the brain even in the absence of symptoms: A systematic, quantitative meta-analysis of neuroimaging studies. (ox.ac.uk)
  • These results suggest that the at-risk syndrome is marked by abnormal development and functional connectivity of neural systems subserving emotion regulation. (nih.gov)
  • The problems come from research concerned with functional and structural connectivity that strongly suggests that the function a brain region serves is dynamic, and changes over time. (frontiersin.org)
  • We aimed to examine the resting-state functional connectivity (rsFC) of the amygdala before and after group CBT. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Furthermore, in relative to controls, patients showed higher connectivity of left amygdala with dmPFC and dACC at baseline, while normal after CBT. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Yet, N-acetylcysteine had no impact on craving-related changes in functional connectivity. (bvsalud.org)
  • Social isolation has been found to disrupt functional connectivity between brain regions involved in emotion regulation. (mindflowperformance.com)
  • Based on these concepts, a systematic review was conducted aiming to evaluate the impact of CBT on phobic disorders measured by functional neuroimaging techniques. (unifesp.br)
  • Methods: A systematic review of the literature was conducted including studies published between January 1980 and April 2012. (unifesp.br)
  • In fact, if one looked at the confidence interval for the odds ratio, then in a larger study (the cohort size in the abstract was misleading, not all of the cohort was on ADs), one might actually find a neutral or even protective effect of the SSRIs. (dr-bob.org)
  • Functional neuroimaging studies have consistently revealed hyperactivity in the amygdala during periods of symptomatic episodes in patients with PTSD 3 . (nature.com)
  • One of these new methods is real-time functional MRI, where people can learn to regulate their own brain states while they are inside the MRI scanner. (interdisciplinary-college.org)
  • In the 1990s it has been speculated that the polymorphism might be related to affective disorders, and an initial study found such a link. (wikipedia.org)
  • This thematic series aims to provide a collection of papers addressing the novel pathophysiology and developing neuroimaging-guided treatments for headache disorders. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Studies written in English, Spanish or Portuguese evaluating changes in the pattern of functional neuroimaging before and after CBT in patients with phobic disorders were included. (unifesp.br)
  • Conclusion: In spite of their technical limitations, neuroimaging techniques provide neurobiological support for the efficacy of CBT in the treatment of phobic disorders. (unifesp.br)
  • While the precise neurobiological underpinnings of dissociation remain elusive, neuroimaging studies in disorders, characterized by high dissociation (e.g., depersonalization/derealization disorder (DDD), dissociative identity disorder (DID), dissociative subtype of posttraumatic stress disorder (D-PTSD)), have provided valuable insight into brain alterations possibly underlying dissociation. (springer.com)
  • Narcolepsy with cataplexy is one of the most studied sleep disorders in a number of scientific fields. (pfmjournal.org)
  • There have been some studies that test whether this association is due to the effects of variation in 5-HTTLPR on the reactivity of the human amygdala. (wikipedia.org)
  • There is still a lack of clarity about altered cerebral perfusion of amygdala in migraine. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Functional cerebral responses of participants exposed to food pictures were investigated. (biomedcentral.com)
  • As AN is a disorder with low prevalence [ 2 ], it is methodically difficult to study individuals who might develop AN longitudinally in order to shed light on the question of endophenotypic cerebral aberrations. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Numerous studies are under way to identify specific imaging markers for different types of dementia, including cerebral volumetric measurements, diffusion imaging, spectroscopy, very-high-field MRI scans of senile plaques, and PET scan markers of senile plaques. (medscape.com)
  • Changes in activity in the amygdala and parahippocampal cortex distinguished PTSD from both control groups. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Rather, I suggest here that it is better to come armed with a question that directs one to design tasks in ways that take advantage of the strengths of neuroimaging techniques (particularly positron emission tomography and functional magnetic resonance imaging). (neurotransmitter.net)
  • The present study contrasted these two kinds of reasoning via positron emission tomography. (neurotransmitter.net)
  • In a novel pilot study, we investigated the neurophysiological processes in the human amygdala related to post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). (nature.com)
  • Objective: Functional neuroimaging techniques represent fundamental tools in the context of translational research integrating neurobiology, psychopathology, neuropsychology, and therapeutics. (unifesp.br)
  • While there are limitations to current diagnostic modalities, a variety of neuroimaging techniques are emerging as possible objective means in providing an early bio-marker for the diagnosis of autism in those at risk. (tocureautism.org)
  • 8 In the search for an objective diagnostic phenotype, potential advances in neuroimaging may in the future be utilized to aid in the earlier diagnosis of autism when concerning developmental indicators arise. (tocureautism.org)
  • The objective of this phase 1 exploratory study was to assess metabolic treatment effects of OLZ/SAM. (cambridge.org)
  • We closely monitored intracranial electroencephalographic activity over one year in two individuals with implanted amygdala electrodes for the management of treatment-resistant PTSD. (nature.com)
  • Using data from our own neuroimaging studies, 11-16 we will show that these 2 subtypes of response can persist in persons with chronic PTSD 17 and that they are associated with distinct patterns of neural activation upon exposure to reminders of traumatic events. (psychiatrictimes.com)
  • Over the past 15 years, the application of functional neuroimaging research on PTSD has resulted in an explosion of new data that have begun to reveal the brain circuits that are involved in the pathophysiology of this disorder. (psychiatrictimes.com)
  • Our research has shown that in patients with PTSD, psychobiological responses to recalling traumatic experiences can differ significantly, and a sizable proportion do not fit the conventionally studied "reexperiencing/hyperaroused" response. (psychiatrictimes.com)
  • Our first study involved 9 patients with sexual abuse- or motor vehicle accident-related PTSD and 9 controls who had a history of sexual abuse or motor vehicle accidents but in whom PTSD never developed. (psychiatrictimes.com)
  • Results suggest that trauma has a measurable, enduring effect upon the functional dynamics of the brain, even in individuals who experience trauma but do not develop PTSD. (ox.ac.uk)
  • The neuroscience of sex differences is the study of characteristics that separate the male and female brains. (wikipedia.org)
  • [1] A subsequent study contradicted these conclusions, finding that sex differences in total brain volume are not accounted for by sex differences in height and weight, and that once global brain size is taken into account, there remain numerous regional sex differences in both directions. (wikipedia.org)
  • Through molecular, animal, and neuroimaging studies, a great deal of information regarding the differences between male and female brains and how much they differ in regards to both structure and function has been uncovered. (wikipedia.org)
  • More precise research-based imaging methods such as functional MRI and quantitative MRI have revealed several differences in the brains of some patients, including in gray matter regions. (technologynetworks.com)
  • Studies have also suggested the possibility of cross-cultural differences in alexithymia and found to be more elevated within rural areas relative to urban populations. (mentalhealthtraining.info)
  • This revealed distinct patterns of differences in functional activity. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Advanced neuroimaging techniques have extensively contributed to elucidate the complex mechanisms underpinning the pathophysiology of migraine, a neurovascular disorder characterized by episodes of headache as. (biomedcentral.com)
  • It is also the difference between 14-A and 14-D. Some studies have found that long allele results in higher serotonin transporter mRNA transcription in human cell lines. (wikipedia.org)
  • The neuroimaging techniques employed to explore narcolepsy include structural, functional, and neurochemical imaging. (pfmjournal.org)
  • With the results from one study the polymorphism was thought to be related to treatment response so that long-allele patients respond better to antidepressants. (wikipedia.org)
  • The current study aimed to measure such deficits in OCD patients relative to healthy controls (HC) and correlated these with amygdala volume. (aceon.world)
  • The study was conducted in a sample of 44 OCD patients and 33 HC. (aceon.world)
  • The OCD patients with increased amygdala volume were, compared to the patients with reduced amygdala volume, more impaired in their facial affect discrimination. (aceon.world)
  • Pulse oximeter performance has never been studied in ED patients with severe sepsis and septic shock. (wee1signaling.com)
  • 20,21 For example, in our initial brain imaging studies, approximately 70% of patients relived their traumatic experience and showed an increase in heart rate while recalling the traumatic memory, 11,13 while the other 30% had a dissociative response with no concomitant increase in heart rate. (psychiatrictimes.com)
  • The present study sought to examine hippocampal volume and subregional morphology in patients with major depressive disorder, who were all medication-free and in an acute depressive episode of moderate severity. (uel.ac.uk)
  • Many of these studies have compared the neural responses to pictures of food in anorexic vs. control participants, and have found abnormally paltry responses in visual cortical areas and inferior parietal lobe (IPL) in the eating-disordered patients. (blogspot.com)
  • [ 9 ] The AAN suggests that neuroimaging may be most useful for patients with dementia characterized by early onset or an unusual course. (medscape.com)
  • Brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies, in particular, demonstrated distinct structural changes in multiple brain areas of patients with narcolepsy. (pfmjournal.org)
  • Decades ago, the first published neuroimaging paper reported an abnormality of the pontine reticular formation, where REM sleep is generated, in the brain MRIs of three idiopathic tic patients [ 6 ]. (pfmjournal.org)
  • This review focuses on developments and ongoing advances in neuroimaging research that help to characterize the structural and neuronal phenotype of autism. (tocureautism.org)
  • Previous studies on romantic love have reported increased neural activity in the brain's reward circuitry such as the striatum. (mediate.com)
  • an example of gene-environment interaction (GxE) not considered in the previous studies. (wikipedia.org)
  • In turn, the 2011 meta-analysis has been criticized as being overly inclusive (e.g. including hip fractures as outcomes), for deeming a study supportive of the GxE interaction which is actually in the opposite direction, and because of substantial evidence of publication bias and data mining in the literature. (wikipedia.org)
  • Further studies began to study the interaction of amygdala with other brain regions since the GSAD are attributable to the mis-communication among different brain regions in a wide network rather than a single specific brain structure [ 12 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • CHR adolescents exhibited altered age-related variation in amygdala and vlPFC activation, relative to controls. (nih.gov)
  • Functional responses and affective ratings did not differ between REC and NP, even when applying lenient thresholds for the comparison of neural responses. (biomedcentral.com)
  • This may be due to the fact that females have a more intricate evaluation of risk-scenario contemplation, based on a prefrontal cortical control of the amygdala . (wikipedia.org)
  • In this study, we aim to assess the cortical functional network topological characteristics of NDPH using n. (biomedcentral.com)