• 1 Unique MSC-specific markers have not yet been identified, and MSCs constitute a heterogeneous cell population, including both multipotent (stem) cells and progenitor cells and might even contain pluripotent cell fractions. (bmj.com)
  • The bone morrow contains several stem cell types including hematopoetic stem cells, endothelial progenitor cells, mesenchymal (stromal) stem cells and multipotent adult progenitor cells. (escardio.org)
  • Although there is no definitive evidence, combinations of progenitor cells seem to be more benefical than specific stem cell type for cardiac repair (3). (escardio.org)
  • Interestingly, contradictory data exist for transformation of bone marrow derived progenitor cells (BMPC) into new cardiomyocytes and alternative mechanisms as enhanced neovascularization, enhanced scar tissue formation due to augmented inflammatory response and decreased apoptosis have been suggested for the benefical effects of these cells on myocardial function after myocardial infarction (4). (escardio.org)
  • Clare's lab recently identified a population of progenitor/stem cells in mice that, on transplantation, is sufficient to generate a fully functional thymus. (eurostemcell.org)
  • We then establish that injury induces an autologous astroglial transdifferentiation where over 10 % of astrocytes express classical neuronal progenitor markers including βIII-tubulin and doublecortin with typical immature neuronal morphology. (nih.gov)
  • Nestin is an intermediate filament protein known to play several roles, including as a marker of neural progenitor and proliferating endothelial cells. (molvis.org)
  • Cell-based therapy with mesenchymal stem cells or renal progenitor cells (RPCs) resident in the kidney has appeared to be an effective strategy for the treatment of AKI. (biomedcentral.com)
  • However, progenitor cells in the adult kidney are rare, which limits the application of these cells. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Human endothelial progenitor cells (hEPCs) are adult stem cells, located in the bone marrow and peripheral blood. (intechopen.com)
  • Different phenotypes and subtypes of endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs), such as early and late EPCs, have been described according to their functionality. (intechopen.com)
  • Pancreatic acinar cells have the intrinsic ability and plasticity to undergo transdifferentiation to a progenitor-like cell type with ductal characteristics, a process termed as acinar-to-ductal metaplasia, occurring during pancreatitis and may represent an initial step towards pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (5,6). (scienza-under-18.org)
  • Stem and progenitor cell populations are often heterogeneous, which may reflect stem cell subsets that express subtly different properties, including different propensities for lineage selection upon differentiation, yet remain able to interconvert. (lu.se)
  • To varying degrees, these fates also extend to the Such state stability is required in stem and progenitor cells to immediate progeny of stem cells, known as progenitor or support self-renewal and maintenance of the uncommitted transit-amplifying cells. (lu.se)
  • A key challenge is to understand how state, but must also afford flexibility in cell-fate choice to permit the different cell-fate options confronting stem and progenitor cell-type diversification and differentiation in response to cells are selected and coordinated such that adoption of a given intrinsic cues or extrinsic signals. (lu.se)
  • Likewise, these cells give rise to progenitor cells committed to a particular cell lineage, and play a crucial role in tissue repair and homeostasis. (bvsalud.org)
  • Moreover, it seems that paracrine action of skeletal myoblasts facilitate neighboring cardiomyocytes to maintain their replicative potential and/or stimulate differentiation of native cardiac stem cells (8,9). (escardio.org)
  • Protein kinase C activity modulates dendritic differentiation of rat Purkinje cells in cerebellar slice cultures. (rndsystems.com)
  • In this study, we induced iPSCs differentiation into RPCs using a nephrogenic cocktail of factors combined with the renal epithelial cell growth medium. (biomedcentral.com)
  • We showed that the differentiation efficiency of iPSCs to RPCs increased when cultured with renal epithelial cell growth medium after stimulation with a nephrogenic cocktail of factors. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Stem cells, including embryonic stem cells (ESCs) and adult stem cells, have the potential of self-renewal and differentiation into multiple cell types and therefore hold great promise in regenerative medicine [ 11 - 13 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) are a type of newly defined stem cell with properties similar to those of ESCs in terms of self-renewal and differentiation. (biomedcentral.com)
  • MSCs can be defined by their ability to adhere to tissue culture plastic, their expression of several cell surface molecular epitopes-cluster of differentiation CD73, CD90, and CD105, and others-as well as their lack of several surface markers, including CD45 [ 6 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • While acknowledging progress in the other areas mentioned, this work will focus on the current debates concerning sourcing, MSC alterations of angiogenesis, cell differentiation/stimulation, and strategies to improve MSC differentiation. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Up-regulation of autophagy induces endothelial cell regeneration/differentiation and improves the function of impaired ones. (koreamed.org)
  • Recent studies demonstrated that long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) might play potential roles in epigenetic modulation of sex differentiation, ovarian cancer and germline stem cell survival. (nih.gov)
  • Real-time PCR and in situ hybridization experiments demonstrate that lncRNAs showing intense fluctuation during RU486 treatment are also sexually dimorphic during early sex differentiation, which further proves the intimate relationship between lncRNAs and sex differentiation and sexual transdifferentiation. (nih.gov)
  • Different mechanisms could explain the origin and heterogeneity of CSC such as (i) differentiation arrest (stem cells), (ii) dedifferentiation (mature cells) and (iii) transdifferentiation (bone marrow stem cells). (grantome.com)
  • Basic fibroblast growth factor treatment markedly improved the proliferation, differentiation, and hepatocyte growth factor expression ability of adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells. (sct4me.com)
  • Evidence the fate of stem cells has broad ramifications for biomedical suggests that during development or differentiation, cells make science from elucidating the causes of cancer to the use of very precise transitions between apparently stable ``network stem cells in regenerative medicine. (lu.se)
  • At these sites, which are a compound of stromal cells, extracellular matrix and soluble factors, complex molecular interactions that maintain the essential properties of stem cells occur, such as self-renewal and differentiation into multiple lineages, according to the organism's needs. (bvsalud.org)
  • Following early observations that MSCs inhibit T-cell proliferation, 9 MSCs were found to interact with the majority of innate and adaptive immune cells. (bmj.com)
  • Although steady-state conditions revealed no increase in primitive cell proliferation in p21-null mice, a significantly larger fraction of quiescent neural precursors was activated in the hippocampus and subventricular zone after brain ischemia. (rupress.org)
  • Therefore, p21 is an intrinsic suppressor to neural regeneration after brain injury and may serve as a common molecular regulator restricting proliferation among stem cell pools from distinct tissue types. (rupress.org)
  • The transplantation of iPSC-derived RPCs decreased the levels of biomarkers indicative of renal injury and attenuated the necrosis and apoptosis of renal tissues, but resulted in the up-regulation of renal tubules formation, cell proliferation, and the expression of pro-renal factors. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Our results revealed that iPSC-derived RPCs can protect AKI rat from renal function impairment and severe tubular injury by up-regulating the renal tubules formation, promoting cell proliferation, reducing apoptosis, and regulating the microenvironment in the injured kidney. (biomedcentral.com)
  • In response to acute injury, the adult kidney shows some level of regeneration characterized by the proliferation of the surviving cells and the replacement of the necrotic tubular cells with functional tubular epithelium [ 3 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Potential mechanisms contributing to the airway-vessel remodeling of COPD include proliferation of airway epithelial cells, vascular endothelial cells, airway and vessel smooth muscle cells, fibroblast-myofibroblast transformation, epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), and endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EndMT) [ 15 , 16 , 17 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • A proliferation burst for bypassing apoptosis and switching the metabolic condition from oxidative to glycolytic can be necessary for cell reprogramming from fibroblasts to iPSCs [22,23]. (cancer8.info)
  • These upregulated cytokines significantly facilitated stem cell motility, migration and proliferation in vitro. (sct4me.com)
  • Direct coculture with stem cells led to inhibition of hepatic stellate cell proliferation. (sct4me.com)
  • Furthermore, co-culture with adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cell led to induction of hepatic stellate cell apoptosis and enhanced hepatocyte proliferation. (sct4me.com)
  • The accomplishment, known as hematopoietic transdifferentiation, may prove useful for tapping the potential for tissue repair using human adult stem cells. (scienceblog.com)
  • The cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor, p21 cip1/waf1 (p21), maintains hematopoietic stem cell quiescence, and we evaluated its role in the regenerative response of neural tissue after ischemic injury using the mice deficient in p21. (rupress.org)
  • The use of patient's own bone marrow aspirates, hematopoietic stem cells and MSCs, for heart muscle tissue repair can be puzzling because these cells do not normally contribute to the cardiac lineage types that are desired. (biomedcentral.com)
  • We discuss these properties with examples both from the hematopoietic and embryonic stem cell (ESC) systems. (lu.se)
  • Recently, a growing number of studies are focusing on mesenchymal stem cell-based therapies for neurodegenerative disorders. (hindawi.com)
  • July 20, 2021 -- Cellular reprogramming of ex vivo cells may offer improvements on first-generation adoptive cell therapies, which have experienced limited clinical success due to complex manufacturing, potential patient rejection, and availability of clinical cell types. (scienceboard.net)
  • The clinical success of anti-CD19 CAR T-cell therapies has not only provided efficacious treatment alternatives for cancer patients but also aided the developmental and regulatory precedent for the translation of cell-based therapies for other disease areas. (scienceboard.net)
  • Developing next-generation cell therapies centers around the enhancement of efficacy, safety, and accessibility. (scienceboard.net)
  • Prior to the invention of CAR, cell therapies were largely limited to allogeneic hematological transfusion and transplantation. (scienceboard.net)
  • First-generation ex vivo cell therapies, such as autologous anti-CD19 CAR T cells, demonstrated the clinical value and curative potential of enhancing the therapeutic qualities of immune and other patient-derived cell types. (scienceboard.net)
  • By employing single-cell transcriptomics, endothelial fate mapping, and functional multiplex immune profiling, we demonstrate that antiangiogenic immune-modulating therapies evoke transdifferentiation of postcapillary venules into inflamed high-endothelial venules (HEVs) via lymphotoxin/lymphotoxin beta receptor (LT/LTβR) signaling. (utu.fi)
  • There has been a rapid surge in clinical trials involving stem cell therapies over the last two to three years and those trials are establishing the clinical pathways for an emergent new medicine. (biomedcentral.com)
  • There are many studies involving autologous therapies and some allogenic therapies, based on the recovery of mobilized bone marrow cells, including mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and adipose derived stem cells that also include the stromal or adherent cell type that has an MSC phenotype. (biomedcentral.com)
  • From a research, medical, and business standpoint, mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)-based therapies are fascinating. (biomedcentral.com)
  • hEPCs have been used for cell-based therapies due to their capacity to contribute in the re-endothelialization of injured blood vessels and neovascularization in ischemic tissues. (intechopen.com)
  • Likewise, the knowledge of stem cell biology is crucial to the development of stem cell therapies, based on tissue engineering applied to dentistry, seeking the regeneration of dental tissues damaged or lost by caries, trauma or genetic diseases. (bvsalud.org)
  • Therapies based on the application of stem cells have great potential in the prevention and treatment of several diseases, such as cancer, diabetes, cardiovascular disease, spinal cord injuries, neurological diseases such as Parkinson's and Alzheimer's, and in the regeneration of various tissues and organs. (bvsalud.org)
  • However, further studies are required to gain complete understanding of stem cell biology, which is fundamental for the development of successful cell-based therapies 1-3 . (bvsalud.org)
  • Furthermore, we have identified the neural stem cell marker fibroblast growth factor receptor 4 (Fgfr4) as a potential autologous modulator of astrocytic transdifferentiation following SCI. (nih.gov)
  • Accelerates down regulation of fibroblast genes in transdifferentiation of human fibroblasts into functional cardiomyocytes, within 9C cocktail. (rndsystems.com)
  • Strategies and Components Cell lifestyle Regular individual epidermis fibroblast cells, NB1RGB, were supplied by RIKEN Bioresource Middle (#RCB0222, Tsukuba, Japan) and had been cultured in 10% fetal bovine serum supplemented with least essential moderate alpha (MEM, Wako, Japan) MLN8054 at 5% CO2 and 37C. (cancer8.info)
  • siRNA transfection and RNA isolation Fibroblast cells at a thickness of 5 104 cells/well had been seeded in 6-well lifestyle plates (Nunc, Thermo Scientific, USA) for 24 h. (cancer8.info)
  • Basic fibroblast growth factor-treated adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cell infusion to ameliorate liver cirrhosis via paracrine hepatocyte growth factor. (sct4me.com)
  • Here, we investigated the effect of basic fibroblast growth factor-treated adipose tissue-derivedmesenchymal stem cells infusion on a liver fibrosis rat model and elucidated the underlying mechanism. (sct4me.com)
  • Although adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells infusion alone slightly ameliorated liver functions and suppressed fibrosis progression, basic fibroblast growth factor-treatment significantly enhanced the therapeutic effect in association with elevated hepatocyte growth factor expression. (sct4me.com)
  • Basic fibroblast growth factor treatment enhanced the therapeutic effect of adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells, and secretion of hepatocyte growth factor from adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells plays a critical role in amelioration of liver injury and regression of fibrosis. (sct4me.com)
  • Cell therapy is currently emerging as a potential new treatment for post MI patients with the assumption that recolonization of the areas of scarred myocardium with exogenously supplied surrogates or precursors of cardiomyocytes can restore function and ultimately affect clinical outcomes. (escardio.org)
  • Conversion of human fibroblasts into functional cardiomyocytes by small molecules. (rndsystems.com)
  • Nowadays, more and more studies have revealed that cells in the cardiovascular system (such as cardiomyocytes, vascular smooth muscle cells, endothelial cells, et al. (frontiersin.org)
  • Various cell types have been tested experimentally for cardiac repair so far, but only those of autologous origin have yet undergone clinical testing due to immune competency. (escardio.org)
  • We thus demonstrate for the first time autologous injury-induced astroglial conversion towards neuronal lineage that may represent a therapeutic strategy to replace neuronal loss and improve functional outcomes after central nervous system injury. (nih.gov)
  • To date, over 10 advanced cell therapy products have been approved -- the majority of which are T-cell-based and strictly autologous. (scienceboard.net)
  • As a result, developmental trends have shifted toward an allogeneic approach, seeking to replace autologous cell sources with consistent and scalable alternatives, such as iPSCs. (scienceboard.net)
  • He participates in research involving gene correction of CFTR in lung stem cells from patients with Cystic fibrosis followed by autologous stem cell transplantation to provide lifelong restoration of physiological activity. (stanford.edu)
  • In reality, gene somatic cells to a pluripotent cell state by a handful of transcrip- expression is graded, making the potential gene expression tion factors (Takahashi and Yamanaka, 2006). (lu.se)
  • Cellular reprogramming involves remodeling gene expression to generate a desired cell lineage or type. (scienceboard.net)
  • While numerous teams continue to refine and expand the role of bone marrow and cord blood stem cells for their vanguard uses in blood and immune disorders, many others are looking to expand the uses of the various types of stem cells found in bone marrow and cord blood, in particular mesenchymal stem cells, to uses beyond those that could be corrected by replacing cells in their own lineage. (biomedcentral.com)
  • More research teams are accelerating the use of other types of adult stem cells, in particular neural stem cells for diseases where beneficial outcome could result from either in-lineage cell replacement or extracellular factors. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The nature of the stem cell substates and their relationship to commitment to differ- entiate and lineage selection can be elucidated in terms of a landscape picture in which stable states can be defined mathematically as attractors. (lu.se)
  • This requirement strongly limits the number of solutions or entiation and lineage-specification, programmed cell death, and ``states'' for the system. (lu.se)
  • 2008). Historically, this concept is highlighted by the experi- factors are key intrinsic regulators of these fate decisions and mental phenomenon of lineage reprogramming, for example, that fate choice involves modulating networks of transcription by the conversion of fibroblasts to muscles cells following trans- factors. (lu.se)
  • Similarly, GATA-1 has been shown to induce lineage switching expression values even if, for simplicity, we assume only ``on'' of committed cells in hematopoiesis, first in cell lines (Kulessa and ``off'' states for each gene. (lu.se)
  • The response of target cells is further regulated by their microenvironment, involving the extracellular matrix, which may be modified by MSC-produced matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and tissue inhibitor of MMPs. (biomedcentral.com)
  • We analyzed molecular changes in astrocytes at multiple stages after two SCI severities using cell-specific transcriptomic analyses. (nih.gov)
  • Our results confirmed the presence of nestin in glial (e.g., astrocytes), reactive Müller, and endothelial cells. (molvis.org)
  • Damage to ECs is catastrophic and induces endothelial cell dysfunction. (koreamed.org)
  • In vitro cell culture and animal studies have demonstrated that mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) have the capacity to modify immune responses and to enhance tissue repair. (bmj.com)
  • 5 Functional in vitro assays indicate different physiological roles of MSCs related to their heterogeneity and tissue location of origin. (bmj.com)
  • Repair of scar tissue constitutes a challenge for cardiac stem cell therapy due to lack of adequate nutrition and homing signals necessary for stem cells' engraftment and survival. (escardio.org)
  • Studies have shown that cell-to-cell mitochondrial transfer plays an essential role in regulating cardiovascular system development and maintaining normal tissue homeostasis under physiological conditions. (frontiersin.org)
  • These early trials are showing roles for stem cells both in replacing damaged tissue as well as in providing extracellular factors that can promote endogenous cellular salvage and replenishment. (biomedcentral.com)
  • We focus our attention on lung stem cells and the molecular signals that regulate their activity to repair and regenerate lung tissue after injury. (stanford.edu)
  • Our experimental approaches involve mouse genetics, single cell genomics, organoid culture, lung slice culture, and we perform histological analysis of lung tissue using advanced fluorescence microscopy technologies. (stanford.edu)
  • Thus, it has been shown that early EPCs release cytokines that promote tissue regeneration and neovasculogenesis, whereas late EPC and endothelial colony forming cells (ECFCs) contribute to the formation of blood vessels and stimulate tube formation. (intechopen.com)
  • Splenectomy enhances the therapeutic effect of adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cell infusion oncirrhosis rats. (sct4me.com)
  • Rat adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells were infused into cirrhosis rats with or without splenectomy, followed by the assessment of the in vivo distribution of stem cells and pathological changes. (sct4me.com)
  • Recent studies show that adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells have potential clinical applications. (sct4me.com)
  • Adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells were infused into carbon tetrachloride-induced hepatic fibrosis rats through caudal vein. (sct4me.com)
  • Mechanism investigation revealed that co-culture with adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells activated c-jun N-terminal kinase-p53 signaling in hepatic stellate cell and promoted apoptosis. (sct4me.com)
  • Niches are special microenvironments in tissue where stem cells are located. (bvsalud.org)
  • We're a partnership of more than 400 stem cell and regenerative medicine labs across Europe, connected via research centres, consortia, networks and hubs. (eurostemcell.org)
  • Paolo De Coppi is a Consultant Paediatric Surgeon at Great Ormond Street Hospital (GOSH), and Reader and Head of Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine at the UCL Institute of Child Health in London. (eurostemcell.org)
  • Thus, we attempted to present an overview of previously published reports to evaluate the progress and provide molecular basis of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) therapy and its application in preclinical and clinical settings, which could aid in designing an effective regenerative therapeutic strategy in the future. (hindawi.com)
  • Herein, we presented an overview of a previously published work regarding the role of stem cell therapy in ischemic stroke and its underlying molecular mechanisms. (hindawi.com)
  • An insight into the biology of ischemic stroke indicates that a stream of molecular events initiates instantly after the onset of ischemic stroke, such as oxidative stress, increased level of intracellular calcium, excitotoxicity, and inflammation which results in apoptotic or necrotic neuronal cell death [ 12 - 14 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • He has been leader of a research group at the Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine in Berlin until 2011 focusing his research on signal transduction mechanisms in human and murine embryonic stem cells. (eurostemcell.org)
  • Now, for the first time, scientists have identified a specific molecular pathway within cells that becomes mutated by ultraviolet light exposure, thereby speeding up melanoma development. (scienceblog.com)
  • His lab also studies the molecular signals that regulate lung stem cell activity, and how the signals can be manipulated to restore their activity. (stanford.edu)
  • My lab is focused on understanding the causes of and working towards specific molecular and cell-based treatments for lung diseases like cancer, pulmonary fibrosis, COPD. (stanford.edu)
  • Mifepristone (RU486), a clinical abortion agent and potential endocrine disruptor, binds to progestin and glucocorticoid receptors and has multiple functional importance in reproductive physiology. (nih.gov)
  • check the tag ADOLESCENCE HN - 2008 BX - Nutrition in Adolescence FX - Adolescent Nutrition Physiology MH - Peritoneal Stomata UI - D054048 MN - A01.047.025.600.700 MN - A10.810 MS - Natural openings in the subdiaphragmatic lymphatic plexus in the PERITONEUM, delimited by adjacent mesothelial cells. (bvsalud.org)
  • Simultaneous profiling of multiomic modalities within a single cell is a grand challenge for single-cell biology. (stanford.edu)
  • My lab also studies the role of TERT in lung stem cell biology and repair of acute lung injury, which is a culprit gene mutation in IPF. (stanford.edu)
  • My area of expertise is in transcription factor biology using several genome-wide functional genomics methods (ChIP-seq/nexus, bulk/single-cell RNA-seq), chromatin conformation (ATAC-seq, DHS-seq), chromatin architecture methods (in situ HiC, ChIA-PET), cell fate conversion using transcription factors (transdifferention) and high-throughput enhancer assays (MPRAs such as STARR-seq). (helsinki.fi)
  • ii) ZEB treatment can significantly reduce the heterogeneity of SP cells thus increasing the frequency of CSC;and (iii) the combination of an isolation procedure based on stem-like functional characteristics with epigenetic modulation provides an important tool for investigating cancer stem cells biology. (grantome.com)
  • Understanding cell-fate decisions in stem cell populations is a major goal of modern biology. (lu.se)
  • The KEGG pathway enrichment analysis showed that the cis-target genes between RU486-XX and control-XX were concentrated in NOD - like receptor signaling pathway, Cell adhesion molecules (CAMs) and Biosynthesis of amino acids. (nih.gov)
  • Cell reprogramming is normally attained by reconstitution of focus on cell TRN where innate markers are downregulated while focus on genes are triggered. (cancer8.info)
  • However, how these TRNs together affect the induction of target cell-specific genes and the downregulation of start cell-specific MLN8054 genes has not been well explored. (cancer8.info)
  • Collectively, our TF outcomes indicate the asymmetric legislation of peripheral genes by two TRNs during cell reprogramming. (cancer8.info)
  • CSC-associated genes, such as ABCG2, CD133, GPC3 and c-KIT, as well as pluripotency related genes (OCT4, NANOG) were selectively overexpressed in the SP cells. (grantome.com)
  • Consistent with our in vivo and in vitro results, ZEB treatment significantly amplified the differences in the expression levels of CSC and stemness associated genes between SP and non-SP cells. (grantome.com)
  • explosion further, consider that a fictitious small genome with 2002) More recently and more dramatically, the potential for 260 genes would host the same number of combinations as cell state conversions is exemplified by the reprogramming of the number of atoms in the visible universe! (lu.se)
  • Pancreatic cancer Pancreas is constructed of two main functional compartments, endocrine and exocrine, which is made up of 3 critical cell lineages: islet (endocrine), acinar, and ductal (4). (scienza-under-18.org)
  • Pancreatic cancers Pancreas is constructed of two main useful compartments, exocrine and endocrine, which is made up of three vital cell lineages: islet (endocrine), acinar, and ductal (4). (scienza-under-18.org)
  • The exocrine pancreas comprises acinar, centroacinar and ductal cells, secreting and making enzymes that help to process meals. (scienza-under-18.org)
  • Ductal cells type an elaborate network of little tubes known as ducts by which the digestive enzymes (such as for example lipases, proteases, amylases) secreted by acinar cells stream. (scienza-under-18.org)
  • Despite the essential function of neurons, about 90% of the cells in the CNS are glia. (abcam.com)
  • Cells were counterstained with hematoxylin to provide an estimation of total cell number and neurons were identified according to morphological criteria. (abcam.com)
  • For instance, the increased loss of local characteristics, such as for example mesenchymal-to-epithelial changeover (MET), are essential in the first stage from fibroblasts to induced pluripotent cells aswell as induced dopaminergic neurons [19C21]. (cancer8.info)
  • More recently, direct transdifferentiation of cells to neurons has been proposed for treating a number of neurodegenerative disorders (2). (vectorbuilder.jp)
  • However, while the conversion of glial cells to functional neurons represents an attractive therapeutic approach for a number of neurodegenerative disorders, there has so far been limited success (3). (vectorbuilder.jp)
  • Two recent papers from Qian et al (4) and Zhou et al (5) demonstrate that reduced expression of the RNA binding protein PTB (encoded by Ptbp1-polypyrimidine tract-binding protein) allows the direct conversion of glial cells to neurons. (vectorbuilder.jp)
  • Finally, we establish that astroglial transdifferentiation into neuronal progenitors starts as early as 72 h and continues to a lower degrees up to 6 weeks post-lesion. (nih.gov)
  • In turn, tumor HEVs boost intratumoral lymphocyte influx and foster permissive lymphocyte niches for PD1 − and PD1 + TCF1 + CD8 T cell progenitors that differentiate into GrzB + PD1 + CD8 T effector cells. (utu.fi)
  • Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are cells of non-haematopoietic origin, with the capacity to differentiate into multiple lineages of the mesenchyme, that is, chondrocytes, osteoblasts and adipocytes. (bmj.com)
  • 2 MSCs were first described in the bone marrow where they constitute a small fraction of cells (0.001%-0.01%) that closely interact with haematopoietic cells to support haematopoiesis and skeletal homeostasis. (bmj.com)
  • However, effective dose and appropriate time of MSCs delivery are the main challenges in the clinical translation of stem cell therapy. (hindawi.com)
  • This includes bone and cartilage repair, cell types into which MSCs readily differentiate, and immune conditions such as graft versus host disease and autoimmune conditions that utilize the MSC's immune suppressive properties. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Adult mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) represent a subject of intense experimental and biomedical interest. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Because of this alternative use of MSCs, Caplan and Sorell [ 14 ] suggested a renaming of MSCs to medicinal signaling cells to suggest a new era of MSC clinical relevance due to their immunomodulatory properties. (biomedcentral.com)
  • MSCs have the capacity of multiple differentiations and self-renewal and have been proven to be able to differentiate into a series of cell lineages, such as adipocytes, osteoblasts, chondroblasts, and hepatocyte-like cells (HLCs). (springer.com)
  • The vast majority of pancreatic cancer (about 95% of pancreatic cancers) involves the exocrine pancreas and initiates in the ducts of the pancreas when the exocrine cells start to grow out of control, thus leading to the name of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) for the most common malignancy of the pancreas. (scienza-under-18.org)
  • Specifically, the researchers converted adult liver stem cells cloned from a male rat into functional adult bone marrow cells in female mice. (scienceblog.com)
  • In addition, the authors also review future strategies in DN treatment such as transcriptional reprogramming of mature adult kidney cells into uncommitted induced pluripotent stem cells for renal repair and therapeutics. (emjreviews.com)
  • Some adult stem cell niches have already been described, but the majority of them remain unclear, including the dental pulp stem cell niches. (bvsalud.org)
  • The idea of myocardial regeneration with stem cell transplantation after myocardial infarction receives tremendous interest. (escardio.org)
  • This review considers the genetic and epigenetic control of nephrogenesis, together with the epigenetic mechanisms that accompany kidney development and recent advances in induced reprogramming and kidney cell regeneration in the context of DN. (emjreviews.com)
  • These cells can be differentiated into mature endothelial cells, which are involved in processes of angiogenesis and vessel regeneration. (intechopen.com)
  • The infused cells integrated into liver fibrosis septa and participated in regeneration more efficiently in splenectomized rats. (sct4me.com)
  • Several preliminary reports have demonstrated that local stem cell transplantation in patients with acute myocardial infarction is safe and may lead to improved myocardial function and perfusion. (escardio.org)
  • In experimental and clinical studies unselected mononuclear bone marrow cells as well as specific subpopulations have been used for transplantation. (escardio.org)
  • We also discussed the advantage and challenges of mitochondrial transfer strategies, including cell-based mitochondrial transplantation, extracellular vesicle-based mitochondrial transplantation, and naked mitochondrial transplantation, for the treatment of cardiovascular disorders. (frontiersin.org)
  • The aims of this article are to review the current knowledge regarding therapeutic mechanisms of mesenchymal stem cells in acute liver failure, to discuss recent advancements in preclinical and clinical studies in the treatment of mesenchymal stem cells, and to summarize the methodological improvement of mesenchymal stem cell transplantation in treating liver failure. (springer.com)
  • Consistent in all three HCC cell lines, an overall increase in tumor frequency was observed for SP cells regardless of ZEB treatment during the first 8 wk after transplantation. (grantome.com)
  • Clinical studies suggest that splenectomy improves liver function in cirrhotic patients, but the influence of splenectomy onstem cell transplantation is poorly understood. (sct4me.com)
  • Transplantation of pancreatic islet cells into patients with type 1 DM, as a means of enabling these individuals to produce their own insulin, has been under investigation. (medscape.com)
  • 13/24670-5 - The role of HNF4alfa in expansion of functional pancreatic beta cell in insulin resistant and, STZ-induced diabetic mice. (fapesp.br)
  • In addition, hepatocyte growth factor induced hepatic stellate cell apoptosis via the c-jun N-terminal kinase-p53 pathway. (sct4me.com)
  • Available at: h ttps://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30753992-exosomal-transmission-of-microrna-from-hcv-replicating-cells-stimulates-transdifferentiation-in-hepatic-stellate-cells/ [Accessed 25 Feb. 2020]. (bioscience.co.uk)
  • In this review, we discuss the rationale for MSC-based cell therapy in COPD, the main findings from in vitro and in vivo preclinical COPD model studies, clinical trials in patients with COPD and directions for further research. (bmj.com)
  • The objective of this study was to provide a generalized critique for the role of mesenchymal stem cell therapy in ischemic stroke injury, its underlying mechanisms, and constraints on its preclinical and clinical applications. (hindawi.com)
  • The recent decade has seen encouraging outcomes of mesenchymal stem cell therapy that holds promise to alleviate the burden of neurological disorders Moreover, initial study data of preclinical trials have also indicated the effectiveness, tolerance, and safety of MSC-based therapy [ 10 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • Levels of cleaved-caspase3, 8-OHdG, and S100A4 were measured in airways and associated vessels to evaluate cell apoptosis, oxidant stress, epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), and endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EndMT)-associated factors. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Preclinical and some small-scaled clinical trials have suggested feasibility and safety of cardiac stem cell therapy. (escardio.org)
  • However, despite having the promising outcome of preclinical studies, the clinical application of stem cell therapy remained elusive due to little or no progress in clinical trials. (hindawi.com)
  • Therefore, a carefully designed, future study plan is a prerequisite for randomized clinical application trials to estimate its functional clinical outcome [ 10 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • We aim to provide the basis for establishing a future study to promote the clinical translation of stem cell therapy in ischemic brain diseases. (hindawi.com)
  • In recent years, clinical trials with stem cells have taken the emerging field in many new directions. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The rapid advance of stem cell clinical trials for a broad spectrum of conditions warrants an update of the review by Trounson (2009) [ 1 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Placenta-derived stem cells are being considered for similar uses and are in Phase III clinical trial for critical limb ischemia by Israel's Pluristem Therapeutics. (biomedcentral.com)
  • A significant proportion of clinical studies that are underway involve bone marrow and cord blood stem cells for blood and immune disorders [ 3 ] and cancers. (biomedcentral.com)
  • We have chosen to concentrate on the emerging therapeutics that broadly involves a wide range of cell types in clinical trials registered on the National Institutes of Health's clinical trials web site. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Clinical management of inflammation may thus be effective strategy not just against sporotrichosis but also the related onset of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma and possibly its metastasis to lymph nodes. (bvsalud.org)
  • The biological properties and clinical potential of stem cells elicit that are generated must not be unduly sensitive to small fluctu- continued scientific, commercial, and public interest. (lu.se)
  • Mesenchymal stromal cells: a novel therapy for the treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease? (bmj.com)
  • Cell therapy is a potential new treatment for post MI patients, but the main challenges are : the necessity to preserve immune competency and to gain adequate nutrition and homing signals necessary for stem cells' engraftment and survival. (escardio.org)
  • As such, stem cell therapy cannot be regarded as a valid therapeutic option for patients with cardiovascular disease in the present era of evidenced-based medicine, yet it holds great hope for the future. (escardio.org)
  • Coupled with well-established in vitro culture and expansion protocols for T lymphocytes, CAR enabled the antigen-directed cytotoxicity of T cells to be harnessed, expanding the scope of cell therapy. (scienceboard.net)
  • The benefits of an allogeneic "off-the-shelf" cell therapy approach are clear: batch-producing cells derived from an unrelated donor or universal cell source that can be used to treat many patients. (scienceboard.net)
  • This chapter provides an overview of the key role of hEPC in promoting angiogenesis and their potential use for cell therapy. (intechopen.com)
  • Allogeneic pancreatic islet cellular therapy produced from deceased donor pancreatic cells received FDA approval in June 2023. (medscape.com)
  • and from 2002 on pluripotency in embryonic stem cells in the lab of Ali H. Brivanlou. (eurostemcell.org)
  • Embryonic stem cells or induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) are also utilized for AKI recovery. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Specifically targeting certain somatic cells circumvents immune recognition and bypasses the need to revert back to an embryonic state thus avoiding the loss of essential age-related and epigenetic factors. (vectorbuilder.jp)
  • Once hyperglycemia appears, more than 70% of islet beta cell mass has been eradicated 4 . (nature.com)
  • Nestin was also observed in some vascular cells, as demonstrated by the co-immunoreactivity of the protein with vWF in the choroid and retina. (molvis.org)
  • UA decreased oxidant stress and cell apoptosis in airway and accompanying vascular walls of cigarette smoke-induced emphysema model rats. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Central role of metabolism in endothelial cell function and vascular disease. (koreamed.org)
  • The thymus plays a central role in the development of the body's immune system as it is the main site in which T cells are generated. (eurostemcell.org)
  • By using single cell RNA sequencing analysis of immune cells in the same model, we establish the functional heterogeneity of macrophages and define an early pro-fibrogenic phase of NICM that is driven by Ccl5- expressing Ly6c high monocytes. (nature.com)
  • Regarding Type 1 diabetes(T1D), animal/islet-cell studies found that GABA promotes insulin secretion, inhibits α-cell glucagon and dampens immune inflammation, while GAD immunization may also preserve β-cells. (nature.com)
  • Tumor-HEVs require continuous CD8 and NK cell-derived signals revealing that tumor HEV maintenance is actively sculpted by the adaptive immune system through a feed-forward loop. (utu.fi)
  • After any retinal injury in experimental conditions, glial cells are activated and undergo reactive gliosis with increased an expression level of glial fibrillary acid protein (GFAP), which leads to overgrowth of outer Müller glial cell processes. (molvis.org)
  • To further assess tumorigenic potential of SP and non-SP cells, we transplanted 102-104 FACS sorted SP and non-SP cells into NOD/SCID mice. (grantome.com)
  • However at 10 wk, the differences became less pronounced although the tumor frequency in the group of mice receiving 100 SP cells remained higher (7/12 vs. 3/12 in non-SP). (grantome.com)
  • Over time, the percentage of RFP positive cells expressing mature neuronal markers increased in AAV-shPTB injected mice thus demonstrating astrocyte-to-neuron conversion. (vectorbuilder.jp)
  • In contrast to control treated mice, treatment of mice with AAV-shPTB was able to restore the number of neuronal cell bodies together with a robust restoration of striatal dopamine and activity-induced dopamine release. (vectorbuilder.jp)
  • However, the co-immunoreactivity of nestin and GS, a marker of mature functional Müller cells, could be observable only from the seventh day. (molvis.org)
  • They leverage transcriptomic and epigenetic data to systematically identify key regulatory switches, such as the optimal combination of transcription factors or growth factors, required to directly differentiate any source cell type to any target cell type , as well as maintain cell identity . (scienceboard.net)
  • Dental pulp stem cells have been isolated from deciduous and permanent teeth and have the potential to self-renew and differentiate. (bvsalud.org)
  • Mechanical regulation of glycogen synthase kinase 3β (GSK3β) in mesenchymal stem cells is dependent on Akt protein serine 473 phosphorylation via mTORC2 protein. (rndsystems.com)
  • These inflammation related factors/cells are regulated epigenetically raising the possibility of epigenetic regulation of sporotrichosis, which has not been described yet in the available literature. (bvsalud.org)
  • Also, experimental scientists interested in modern, cutting-edge functional genomics tools for epigenetics research in cancer, gene regulation by transcription factors in cancer, bioinformatics and computational analysis of genome-wide datasets are always encouraged to be in touch. (helsinki.fi)
  • Recent mechanistic insights into the trophic activities of these cells point to ultimate regulation by nitric oxide, nuclear factor-kB, and indoleamine, among other signaling pathways. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Autophagy is a remarkable patho (physiological) process in the cell homeostasis regulation including EC. (koreamed.org)
  • In this scholarly study, using transdifferentiation from fibroblasts to monocytes being a system, we designed some parallel tests of suppression and induction of TRNs to research the cross-regulation between intrinsic fibroblastic TRN and enforced monocytic TRN. (cancer8.info)
  • Given that epigenetic regulation plays a crucial role both in stem cell and cancer development, we chose epigenic modulation as an additional tool to narrow down the heterogeneity of SP-fraction. (grantome.com)
  • In terminally differentiated cell fate is coupled to appropriate regulation of the alternative cells, transcriptional networks must be stable and irreversible, pathways. (lu.se)
  • While there have been impressive technical innovations demonstrating feasibility-for example, generating paired measurements of single-cell transcriptome (single-cell RNA sequencing [scRNA-seq]) and chromatin accessibility (single-cell assay for transposase-accessible chromatin using sequencing [scATAC-seq])-widespread application of joint profiling is challenging due to its experimental complexity, noise, and cost. (stanford.edu)
  • I am involved in the computational analysis of RNA-seq data for gene expression, transcription factor binding, chromatin accessibility and functional enhnacer activity data. (helsinki.fi)
  • Recent evidence implicates monocytes/macrophages in the etiopathology of cardiac fibrosis, but giving their heterogeneity and the antagonizing roles of macrophage subtypes in fibrosis, targeting these cells has been challenging. (nature.com)
  • Studies have shown that cells can eliminate defective mitochondria by delivering them to recipient cells (such as macrophages) to maintain homeostasis. (frontiersin.org)
  • Inflammation-associated IL-6, IFN-γ, natural killer cells and M2-macrophages possibly mechanistically link sporotrichosis with cancer, particularly cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma. (bvsalud.org)
  • From IL-17 to IFN-γ in inflammatory skin disorders : is transdifferentiation a potential treatment target? (ugent.be)
  • Treated SP cells showed a significant increase in tumorigenic potential as compared to their untreated counterpart (7-fold, P=0.001). (grantome.com)
  • Stem cells offer enormous therapeutic potential. (sct4me.com)
  • Only a small percentage (1C2%) of all pancreatic cancers correspond to slower-growing pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (PanNETs), previously known as islet cell tumors, which have a slow, indolent growth and are asymptomatic (7). (scienza-under-18.org)
  • Glial cells represent a model target since they are plentiful, proliferate in response to injury and most importantly, are highly plastic. (vectorbuilder.jp)
  • ii) to investigate the effect of epigenetic modulation on the cancer stem cells by treatment with the DMNT1-inhibtior Zebularine (ZEB). (grantome.com)
  • It is possible to convert one somatic cell type to another with the best-known example being the reprogramming of fibroblasts to induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells by "Yamanaka factors" (1). (vectorbuilder.jp)
  • In this review, we summarized the mechanism of mitochondrial transfer in the cardiovascular system and outlined the fate and functional role of donor mitochondria. (frontiersin.org)
  • Given the complexity of the biological function of mitochondria, researchers have begun to consider rescuing the injured cells through mitochondrial transfer, that is, replacing damaged mitochondria with healthy mitochondria from donor cells. (frontiersin.org)
  • These MSC influences can range from relatively rare activities that require cell contact, such as mitochondrial transfer and cell fusion, to relatively common paracrine MSC actions through extracellular microvesicles or secreted factors. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The pathogenesis is multifactorial and involves dysregulation in the signaling pathways, membrane lipids ratio disturbance, cell-cell adhesion disturbance, unfolded protein response, lysosomal and mitochondrial stress, autophagy dysregulation, and oxidative stress. (koreamed.org)
  • This concept gained prominence following Shinya Yamanaka's discovery of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) in 2007. (scienceboard.net)
  • In recent years, a growing number of studies have shown that stem cells can effectively treat acute liver failure. (springer.com)
  • The existence of tumor-initiating cancer stem cells (CSC) has been shown in a variety of solid tumors (e.g. breast, prostate, glioblastoma, liver). (grantome.com)
  • Although a variety of different stem cell markers have been used to isolate and characterize CSC from HCC, none of them seemed to be specific for liver malignancies and none of the isolated fractions showed uniform properties. (grantome.com)
  • Human HCC cell lines representing the different cell origins of primary liver cancer were selected for analysis including Huh7 (HCC), WRL68 (hepatoblastoma) and KMCH (mixed HCC/ICC). (grantome.com)
  • Splenectomy, prior to cell infusion, improved liver function and suppressed fibrosis progression more efficiently than cell infusion alone in the experimental cirrhosis model. (sct4me.com)