Function protein precursors. Medical search. Frequent questions

Alzheimer's disease, frontotemporal dementia (FTD) and many other neurodegenerative diseases that manifest late in life are characterised by neurofibrillar inclusions of highly phosphorylated protein tau. (europa.eu)
While the Amyloid Precursor Protein (APP) plays a central role in Alzheimer's disease, its cellular function still remains largely unclear. (aston.ac.uk)
It was our goal to establish APP function which will provide insights into APP's implication in Alzheimer's disease. (aston.ac.uk)
APP is best known as the precursor molecule whose proteolysis generates amyloid beta (Aβ), a polypeptide containing 37 to 49 amino acid residues, whose amyloid fibrillar form is the primary component of amyloid plaques found in the brains of Alzheimer's disease patients. (wikipedia.org)
Mutations in critical regions of amyloid precursor protein, including the region that generates amyloid beta (Aβ), cause familial susceptibility to Alzheimer's disease. (wikipedia.org)
Experimental models of Alzheimer's disease are commonly used by researchers to gain better understandings about the biological function of APP in disease pathology and progression. (wikipedia.org)
Bayer TA, Cappai R, Masters CL, Beyreuther K, Multhaup G (1999) It all sticks together-the APP-related family of proteins and Alzheimer's disease. (springer.com)
Alzheimer's possesses complex pathologies of heterogeneous nature counting proteins as one major factor along with enzymes and mutated genes. (benthamscience.com)
A loss of communication causes a loss of function and, along with a number of other pathologies, results in the cognitive decline that is the hallmark of Alzheimer's disease. (otago.ac.nz)
Traditionally, Alzheimer's disease was diagnosed based on the presence of two harmful abnormalities, both caused by naturally occurring proteins that had gone off-script and weren't being properly disposed of by the body. (smh.com)
these form when Alzheimer's disrupts the brain's normal disposal process for the proteins, eventually impacting cognitive function. (smh.com)
Together, amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles disrupt both internal and external neuron function, affecting how systems in the brain operate and contributing in large part to what physicians today understand as Alzheimer's disease. (smh.com)
Now research has suggested the compound may reduce the abundance small amyloid protein aggregates that are considered to be toxic and cause neuronal dysfunction and memory impairment in Alzheimer's disease. (nutraingredients.com)
The mis-folding of protein is considered to be the cause of many degenerative diseases that affect the nervous system, including Alzheimer's, Parkinson's and Huntington's disease. (nutraingredients.com)
However, Wanker and his team explained that it remains to be seen whether O4 can also be effective against small amounts of misfolded proteins in the brains of Alzheimer's patients, and whether the accelerated formation of larger plaques can indeed reduce the signs and symptoms of Alzheimer's disease in humans. (nutraingredients.com)
My interests lie in understanding synaptic function and dysfunction in the context of Alzheimer's Disease. (lu.se)

Amyloid-beta precursor protein (APP) is an integral membrane protein expressed in many tissues and concentrated in the synapses of neurons. (wikipedia.org)
Several altered proteins were validated by immunoblots in neurons and mouse brains. (nih.gov)
Neurofibrillary tangles are the buildup of tau protein within healthy neurons. (smh.com)
In a healthy brain, this protein binds with neurons' internal structures, which in turn help disperse nutrients and molecules throughout the neuron. (smh.com)
Amyloid plaque is a gradual buildup and accumulation of protein fragments, called beta-amyloid, that forms between neurons, eventually impacting brain function. (smh.com)
A similar decline in apoptotic susceptibility associated with downregulation of Apaf-1 expression as a function of developmental age was also found in cultured primary rat cortical neurons. (jneurosci.org)
Tau protein is an integral part of microtubules in healthy neurons and support to nutrients, vesicles, mitochondria and chromosomes. (omicsonline.org)

We will discuss the recognized ability of endothelial NO to modulate processing of amyloid precursor protein (APP), influence functional status of microglia, and affect cognitive function. (nih.gov)
The importance of diet and the gut-brain axis for brain health and cognitive function is increasingly acknowledged. (mdpi.com)
In this review article, we discuss the potential benefits of IF on cognitive function and the possible effects on the prevention and progress of brain-related disorders in animals and humans. (mdpi.com)
The aim of this study was to test whether there is an association between elevation and cognitive function among elderly residents in rural mountainous areas. (mdpi.com)
In the latest research, with mice, Clemastine caused significant regeneration of the myelin sheath and improved the animals' cognitive function following chemotherapy treatment. (canceractive.com)
The researchers concluded that clemastine was capable of rescuing cognitive function damage caused by chemotherapy through improving white matter integrity. (canceractive.com)

Roles of amyloid precursor protein and its fragments in regulating neural activity, plasticity and memory. (proteopedia.org)
Kögel D, Deller T, Behl C (2012) Roles of amyloid precursor protein family members in neuroprotection, stress signaling and aging. (springer.com)
Here, we reviewed the physiological/pathological roles and therapeutic significance of nearly all the proteins associated with AD that addresses putative as well as probable targets for developing effective anti-AD therapies. (benthamscience.com)

This protein is found in many tissues and organs, including the brain and spinal cord (central nervous system). (medlineplus.gov)
When these protein fragments are released from the cell, they can accumulate in the brain and form clumps called amyloid plaques. (medlineplus.gov)
The aggregated protein forms amyloid deposits that accumulate in the blood vessels of the brain. (medlineplus.gov)
Amyloid deposits in specific parts of the brain can interfere with normal brain function, leading to dementia, seizures, movement problems, and other neurological features in some people with hereditary cerebral amyloid angiopathy. (medlineplus.gov)
Confocal image showing the localization of the Amyloid Precursor Protein and its proteolytic fragments (with green and red fluorescence tags at both ends) within an intact Drosophila brain. (ohsu.edu)
Blood protein extravasation through a disrupted blood-brain barrier and innate immune activation are hallmarks of neurological diseases and emerging therapeutic targets. (nature.com)
Nalivaeva NN, Turner AJ (2013) The amyloid precursor protein: a biochemical enigma in brain development, function and disease. (springer.com)
Corrigan F, Thornton E, Roisman LC, Leonard AV, Vink R, Blumbergs PC (2014) The neuroprotective activity of the amyloid precursor protein against traumatic brain injury is mediated via the heparin binding site in residues 96-110. (springer.com)
A group of researchers from the Brain Health Research Centre have recently investigated a protein which may help - soluble amyloid precursor protein-alpha (sAPPα). (otago.ac.nz)
Your brain cells create amyloid-beta by cutting up a protein, called amyloid-precursor protein, using specific kinds of molecular scissors. (otago.ac.nz)
The issue is that it is not properly broken down," explains Dr. Grindal, and the patient is left with protein fragments that cannot be properly disposed of, so they accumulate in the brain instead. (smh.com)
Amyloid beta is a protein fragment precursor to amyloid plaque and brain tangles that manifest dementia. (coconutoil.com)
remyelination, oligodendrocyte differentiation and the increase of neurofilament protein by Clemastine could reduce temporary brain fog, and even more serious damage. (canceractive.com)
Injury-induced cytochrome c -specific cleavage of caspase-9 followed by activation of caspase-3 in mature brain correlated with marked increases in Apaf-1 and caspase-3 mRNA and protein expression. (jneurosci.org)
Chromosome 21 plays an important role in this relationship as it carries a gene - amyloid precursor protein (APP) - that produces amyloid proteins that build up in the brain and are associated with disrupting brain function. (scienceblog.com)
Using Positron Emission Tomography (PET), a group of researchers have measured the levels of the dopamine transporter protein DAT that regulates the levels of dopamine in the brain. (neurodegenerationresearch.eu)
APP plays important role in developmental processes in cell differentiation and establishment of synapses [ 5 ] whereas the function of APP is not clear properly in adult brain [ 4 ]. (omicsonline.org)

Amyloid precursor protein is cut by enzymes to create smaller fragments (peptides), some of which are released outside the cell. (medlineplus.gov)
Two of these fragments are called soluble amyloid precursor protein (sAPP) and amyloid beta (β) peptide. (medlineplus.gov)
We are focusing on the Amyloid Precursor Protein (APP) and the fragments that are produced from it, which include the Amyloid ß fragment that accumulates in the plaques that are characteristic for AD. (ohsu.edu)
Some of these protein fragments, such as beta-amyloid 42, can be particularly toxic. (smh.com)
Peptides are fragments of protein that are made up of amino acids. (draxe.com)

Familial AD (FAD) cases are caused by autosomal dominant mutations in the genes for amyloid precursor protein (APP) and the presenilins (PS1 and PS2) ( Sisodia and St George-Hyslop, 2002 ). (jneurosci.org)
Innate immune cells integrate environmental signals to rapidly activate target genes and perform specialized cellular functions 5 . (nature.com)
El objetivo de nuestro estudio tuvo como objetivo revisar y correlacionar genes involucrados en TEA y aque- llos relacionados con la comunicación ultrasónica en estudios con modelos animales de comportamiento social basado en el lenguaje en la base de datos PubMed. (bvsalud.org)
To reduce the risk of analyzing cell line- pathway can be divided into distinct stages based on the specific features, we used several representative cell lines for recombination status of the Ig genes and on the expression each of four major stages in B cell development: pro-B, pre-B, pattern of surface markers and the presence of intracellular proteins [1- 6]. (lu.se)

Once it is cut, it separates into several pieces - one cutting pathway creates amyloid-beta and another longer fragment called soluble amyloid precursor protein-beta (sAPPβ). (otago.ac.nz)
If, however, neural cells use a different pathway and different molecular scissors then the toxic amyloid beta can't be produced and a different fragment is snipped off, soluble amyloid precursor protein-alpha (sAPPα). (otago.ac.nz)

It is assumed, they noted, that small mis-folded protein aggregates - that are the precursors to larger mature plaques - are toxic to nerve cells, thus leading to the destruction of nerve cells and a decline in cognitive and/or central nervous functioning. (nutraingredients.com)
They noted that instead of remodeling protein plaques - as occurs with EGCG - the dyes reduce the abundance of amyloid aggregates by accelerating the formation of large plaques. (nutraingredients.com)
The hyperphosphorylation of the tau protein results into formation of neurofibrillary tangles which aggregates intracellularly and cause neuronal death [ 6 ]. (omicsonline.org)

Ageing leads to a gradual dysfunction of the proteostasis network and thus to proteome instability due to accumulation of damaged and/or misfolded proteins [ 2 ]. (hindawi.com)
At the cellular level, the disease phenotype is broad, affecting multiple functions, such as endosomal lipid accumulation, calcium dysregulation, neuroinflammation, mitochondrial dysfunction, amyloid peptide Aβ accumulation and tau hyperphosphorylation and aggregation. (biomedcentral.com)

Mitochondria are highly dynamic organelles that provide essential metabolic functions and represent the major bioenergetic hub of eukaryotic cell. (hindawi.com)
Therefore, maintenance of mitochondria activity is necessary for the proper cellular function and survival. (hindawi.com)
The mitochondria have their own chaperones and proteolytic enzymes that remove damaged or unfolded proteins [ 18 - 20 ]. (hindawi.com)

Formative event in AD, production of Amyloid beta is the result of cleavage of amyloid precursor protein (APP) which amyloid beta is high in AD [ 4 ]. (omicsonline.org)
Composed of 2 major components, the C. difficile S-layer has high and low molecular weight proteins (HMW and LMW, respectively), which are formed from the posttranslational cleavage of a single precursor, surface layer protein A (slpA) ( 6 ). (cdc.gov)

The proteostasis network (PN) is an assembly of distinct dynamic molecular pathways that control the functionality of the proteome (proteome homeodynamics) during protein synthesis, folding, trafficking, and degradation. (hindawi.com)

Mice lacking mitochondrial uncoupling protein are cold-sensitive but not obese. (nature.com)

We are investigating what effects disease-associated changes in these proteins have on their functions and how this effects the genetic pathways these proteins are involved in. (ohsu.edu)
We provide a transcriptomic and phosphoproteomic atlas of fibrin-, iC3b- and lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-selective activation of innate immunity and reveal ligand-selective pathways with differential functions in MS and AD mice. (nature.com)
Webster NJ, Green KN, Settle VJ, Peers C, Vaughan PF (2004) Altered processing of the amyloid precursor protein and decreased expression of ADAM 10 by chronic hypoxia in SH-SY5Y: no role for the stress-activated JNK and p38 signalling pathways. (springer.com)
Coconut oil also stimulated Akt protein enzyme pathways, which play a key role in multiple cellular processes such as glucose metabolism, apoptosis, cell proliferation, transcription and cell migration. (coconutoil.com)
It is likely to act as a bioactive compound by exerting reactive oxygen species (ROS)-scavenging activity and/or binding to specific proteins such as oxidative enzymes and transcriptional factors in signal transduction pathways. (rsc.org)

Together with findings from prior studies demonstrating the ability of endothelial NO to affect synaptic plasticity, mitochondrial biogenesis, and function of neuronal progenitor cells, it is becoming apparent that the role of endothelial NO in the control of central nervous system function is very complex. (nih.gov)
This review summarizes BACE properties, describes BACE translation dysregulation in AD, and discusses BACE physiological functions in sodium current, synaptic transmission, myelination, and schizophrenia. (jneurosci.org)
Amyloid Precursor Protein (APP) Controls the Expression of the Transcriptional Activator Neuronal PAS Domain Protein 4 (NPAS4) and Synaptic GABA Release. (uclouvain.be)
Disturbed expression of these proteins results in synaptic dysfunction, cognitive impairment, memory loss, and neuronal degradation. (benthamscience.com)
HSPs, which ameliorate oxidative stress, calpains, which help in regulating synaptic plasticity, and calmodulin-like skin protein (CLSP) with its neuroprotective role are few promising future targets for developing anti-AD therapies. (benthamscience.com)

The APP gene provides instructions for making a protein called amyloid precursor protein. (medlineplus.gov)
The most common APP gene variant changes one of the protein building blocks (amino acids) in the amyloid precursor protein. (medlineplus.gov)
Variants in the APP gene have been found to cause hereditary cerebral amyloid angiopathy, a condition characterized by stroke and a decline in intellectual function (dementia), which begins in mid-adulthood. (medlineplus.gov)
These mitochondrial responses are governed by general principles of regulatory biology exemplified by changes in gene expression, protein translation, protein complex formation, transmembrane transport, enzymatic activities and metabolite levels. (nature.com)
The protein encoded by this gene has two RRM domains that bind to RNAs. (nih.gov)
The protein isoforms encoded by this gene are similar to its family member HNRPD. (nih.gov)
We report a blood-induced microglia gene network and show that blood proteins elicit distinct receptor-mediated transcriptional changes and signaling programs in innate immune cells. (nature.com)
MTHFD1L encodes a protein, methylenetetrahydrofolate dehydrogenase (NADP+ dependent) 1-like, that may help convert homocysteine into methionine, so problems with this gene might lead to elevated homocysteine levels. (alzforum.org)
At the cellular level, ageing is associated with reduced function, altered gene expression and a perturbed epigenome. (elifesciences.org)

Various types of proteins can become amyloid deposits. (marijuanadoctors.com)

Aβ is produced through the endoproteolysis of APP, a large type 1 transmembrane protein. (jneurosci.org)

To discover the molecular programs controlling microglial and macrophage polarization by blood proteins, we developed an unbiased blood-innate immunity multiomic and genetic loss-of-function pipeline consisting of deep sequencing of blood-induced transcriptomes, functional single-cell and oxidative stress transcriptomics, global phosphoproteomics and integration with innate immune signatures from AD and MS models (Extended Data Fig. 1 ). (nature.com)

[ 1 ] Neutrophils move to the site of invasion by means of chemotaxis, which occurs in response to microbial products, activated complement proteins, and cytokines. (medscape.com)
NP antibodies are not associated with protection through neutralizing activity, but VRP vaccination results in NP antibodies possessing Fc-mediated antibody effector functions, such as complement activation (ADCD) and antibody-mediated cellular phagocytosis (ADCP). (cdc.gov)

These proteins are associated with pre-mRNAs in the nucleus and appear to influence pre-mRNA processing and other aspects of mRNA metabolism and transport. (nih.gov)
Small interfering RNA (siRNA), the molecules that mediate RNAi and comprise Alnylam s RNAi therapeutic platform, function upstream of today s medicines by potently silencing messenger RNA (mRNA) the genetic precursors that encode for disease-causing proteins, thus preventing them from being made. (webwire.com)

The hnRNP proteins have distinct nucleic acid binding properties. (nih.gov)

The groups used very different isolation methods (i.e., expression cloning, protein purification, genomics), yet all identified the same enzyme and concurred that it possessed all the known characteristics of β-secretase ( Fig. 1 ) ( Cole and Vassar, 2008 ). (jneurosci.org)
Treatment with diluted APP96-110 (0.005 mg/kg) in mice after 30 min of transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (tMCAO) showed improved motor function and reduced expression of the inflammatory marker CD86. (springer.com)
Multiplex protein analysis further showed elevated expression of IP-10/CXCL10, a potent downstream effector of IFN-γ, as well as RANTES/CCL5, eotaxin/CCL11 and IL-10, prior to symptomatic onset in Npc1 −/− /App −/− cerebella, compared with Npc1 −/− /App +/+ mice. (biomedcentral.com)

The authors indicate that this inhibition of critical cellular functions in cultured alveolar macrophages suggests that inhalation of airborne silage or grain dust particulates contaminated with patulin could have harmful effects on normal macrophage functions in workers. (cdc.gov)
Cells express a pool of thousands of different proteins that need to be tightly controlled for proper cellular structure, organization, and function. (hindawi.com)
While organic compounds are important for cellular function, they do not make up such a large percentage of the cell's volume. (proprofs.com)
16 Furthermore, its oxidation products can act as electrophiles to bind specific proteins , resulting in the modification of their cellular functions. (rsc.org)

In addition, MPTR fibroblasts produced youthful levels of collagen proteins, and showed partial functional rejuvenation of their migration speed. (elifesciences.org)

Amyloid-beta precursor protein is an ancient and highly conserved protein. (wikipedia.org)
The extracellular E2 domain, a dimeric coiled coil and one of the most highly conserved regions of the protein from Drosophila to humans. (handwiki.org)

In particular, the surface layer (S-layer) mediates adhesion to enteric cells ( 2 ), but other functions have been proposed for this S-layer structure: it may act as a molecular sieve, protect against parasitic attack, or be a mechanism to evade the host immune system ( 3 ). (cdc.gov)

We propose that glucuronide conjugates of quercetin function not only as detoxified metabolites but hydrophilic bioactive agents to various ROS-generating systems and precursors of hydrophobic aglycone. (rsc.org)

Comparative functional multiomics showed that blood proteins induce distinct receptor-mediated transcriptional programs in microglia and macrophages, such as redox, type I interferon and lymphocyte recruitment. (nature.com)
Nevertheless, we find that the transcriptional profile of similar fibroblast subsets differs markedly between the small intestine and colon suggesting region specific functions. (lu.se)

This regulation is required for maintaining endosomal and neuronal function. (aston.ac.uk)
We propose that endothelial NO represents the key molecule linking cerebrovascular and neuronal function. (nih.gov)

Alzheimer disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder marked by cognitive and behavioral impairment that significantly interferes with social and occupational functioning. (medscape.com)
Alzheimer disease (AD) is an acquired disorder of cognitive and behavioral impairment that markedly interferes with social and occupational functioning. (medscape.com)

The sAPP peptide may also control the function of certain other proteins by turning off (inhibiting) their activity. (medlineplus.gov)
Other functions of sAPP and amyloid β peptide are under investigation. (medlineplus.gov)
When these amino acids link together, they form an amino peptide, and when peptides link together, they form the basis of proteins. (draxe.com)
I began my doctoral studies 2015 and since then my work has revolved around the insidious peptide Beta-amyloid and its precursor protein APP. (lu.se)
the c-terminal membrane-binding portion contributes to the Golgi disassembly and, therefore, functionally similar to the picornavirus 2B protein" /protein_id="YP_009238492.1" mat_peptide 995. (cdc.gov)
the calicivirus NTPase was found in membranous replication complexes" /protein_id="YP_009238487.1" mat_peptide 2093. (cdc.gov)
the FCV ortholog was detected in membranous replication complexes" /protein_id="YP_009238488.1" mat_peptide 2630. (cdc.gov)

Using genetic manipulations, we study whether other proteins can ameliorate disease-associated phenotypes or contribute to the pathogenicity. (ohsu.edu)

Interestingly, the same protein functions in humans as a precursor to dopamine, and is used as a treatment for Parkinson's disease. (eurekalert.org)
The method measures levels of a protein called dopamine transporter and could lead to improved diagnosis of Parkinson's disease. (neurodegenerationresearch.eu)
DAT functions as a biomarker for dopamine cells and is present on the surface of the dopamine cells in the cell bodies, on the nerve fibres and on the nerve endings. (neurodegenerationresearch.eu)

Interestingly, protein changes at the cell surface only partly correlated with changes in the secretome. (nih.gov)
Interestingly, novel functions of these peptides are still being described to date. (unina.it)

Homologous proteins have been identified in other organisms such as Drosophila (fruit flies), C. elegans (roundworms), and all mammals. (wikipedia.org)
We are therefore investigating how proteins involved in AD may cause circadian disruptions using the Drosophila model. (ohsu.edu)

Researchers speculate that it may bind to other proteins on the surface of cells or help cells attach to one another. (medlineplus.gov)
its primary function is not yet certain, but researchers theorize that it plays an important role in synapse formation, neural plasticity and more. (smh.com)
In a cross-sectional study of 48 AD patients without diabetes, 20 cognitively normal diabetic patients, 16 patients with frontotemporal dementia, and 84 cognitively normal controls, researchers found that dysfunctionally phosphorylated insulin receptor substrate-1 (IRS-1), a neuronal protein, is detectable in blood using exosome-based technology and may be able to predict AD up to 10 years before the appearance of symptoms. (medscape.com)

Overexpression of wild-type human amyloid precursor protein alters GABAergic transmission. (uclouvain.be)

Fibrinogen is an essential blood-clotting factor and is involved in a range of other functions, including platelet aggregation and smooth muscle proliferation. (cdc.gov)
The alpha granules contain hemostatic proteins such as fibrinogen, vWf, and growth factors (eg, platelet-derived growth factor and transforming growth factors). (medscape.com)

Here, we established an unbiased blood-innate immunity multiomic and genetic loss-of-function pipeline to define the transcriptome and global phosphoproteome of blood-induced innate immune polarization and its role in microglia neurotoxicity. (nature.com)

Now, based on insights from mussels--which are able to attach themselves very tightly to even metallic surfaces due to special proteins found in their byssal threads--scientists from RIKEN have successfully attached a biologically active molecule to a titanium surface, paving the way for implants that can be more biologically beneficial. (eurekalert.org)

These variants change single amino acids in the amyloid precursor protein. (medlineplus.gov)
The difference between sAPPα and sAPPβ is just 16 amino acids, 16 small building blocks that completely change what these proteins do. (otago.ac.nz)

The hnRNPs are RNA binding proteins and they complex with heterogeneous nuclear RNA (hnRNA). (nih.gov)

The protein analysis was performed by using the SignalP 3.0 server ( www.cbs.dtu.dk/services/SignalP/ ) and the ExPASy Proteomics server ( www.expasy.ch/tools/pi_tool.html ). (cdc.gov)
ABSTRACT In order to define the protein expressional changes related to the process of meglumine antimoniate resistance in anthroponotic cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL), we performed a comparative proteomics analysis on sensitive and resistant strains of Leishmania tropica isolated from Iranian CL patients. (who.int)
The study shows the usefulness of proteomics in identifying proteins that may express differences between sensitive and resistant L. tropica isolates. (who.int)

The research team explained that such diseases develop in a multistep process whereby proteins misfold and accumulate into large plaques. (nutraingredients.com)

Clemastine also promoted oligodendrocyte precursor cell differentiation and increased the neurofilament 200 protein levels in the corpus callosum and hippocampus. (canceractive.com)

Chemotaxis of neutrophils involves movement of pseudopodia and polymerization of cytoskeletal proteins or actin. (medscape.com)

Behavioural analysis revealed that eNOS-deficient mice exhibit impaired cognitive performance thereby indicating that selective loss of endothelial NO has a detrimental effect on the function of neuronal cells. (nih.gov)
Here, we asked whether this aberrant signaling may be exacerbated by the loss of amyloid precursor protein (APP) function, a loss known to shorten lifespan and accelerate neurodegeneration in Npc1 −/− mice. (biomedcentral.com)

Protein tau is a major microtubule-associated protein in the vertebrate nervous system. (europa.eu)
In a second project, we are investigating effects of aging on behavior and the function of the nervous system. (ohsu.edu)

these threads become protein tangles and interfere with the neuron's ability to function. (smh.com)

Thanks to the incorporation of the L-DOPA, the team was able to confirm that the proteins bound strongly to the titanium surface, and remained attached even when the metal was washed with phosphate-buffered saline, a water-based solution. (eurekalert.org)
Patulin also inhibited the incorporation of tritium labeled precursors into protein and RNA. (cdc.gov)

Image analysis of the matched maps identified 7 proteins that were either over- or down-expressed: activated protein kinase c receptor (LACK), alpha tubulin (×2), prostaglandin f2-alpha synthase, protein disulfide isomerase, vesicular transport protein and a hypothetical protein. (who.int)

The amyloid beta region of the protein, located in the membrane-spanning domain, is not well conserved across species and has no obvious connection with APP's native-state biological functions. (wikipedia.org)
Many surface membrane proteins are proteolytically released into a cell's secretome, where they can have additional functions in cell-cell-communication. (nih.gov)
Here, we set up and evaluated the 'surface-spanning protein enrichment with click sugars' (SUSPECS) method for cell surface membrane glycoprotein biotinylation, enrichment and label-free quantitative mass spectrometry. (nih.gov)

10-formylTHF serves as a formyl donor for MET-tRNA in mitochondrial protein synthesis, and as a precursor of purines. (alzforum.org)

In this review, our attention is focused on the emerging role of endothelial NO in linking cerebrovascular function with cognition. (nih.gov)
However, how microglia integrate extracellular signals at sites of cerebrovascular damage and the specificity of blood proteins controlling innate immune cell polarization in disease remain poorly understood. (nature.com)

In particular, similarities in post-translational processing have invited comparisons to the signaling role of the surface receptor protein Notch. (wikipedia.org)
The non-adrenergic imidazoline-1 receptor protein nischarin is a key regulator of astrocyte glutamate uptake. (neurotree.org)

Extremely elevated levels of abnormal protein buildup can cause organ failure. (marijuanadoctors.com)

Our data provide an interactive resource for investigation of the immunology of blood proteins that could support therapeutic targeting of microglia activation by immune and vascular signals. (nature.com)

Loss of PIKfyve function by mutation causes profound neurodegeneration in mammals. (aston.ac.uk)

Anatomy27

Organisms18

Diseases4

Chemicals and Drugs60

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment20

Psychiatry and Psychology1

Phenomena and Processes43

Disciplines and Occupations1

Technology, Industry, Agriculture2

Information Science3

Alzheimer's16

Neurons7

Cognitive function6

Roles3

Brain17

Fragments5

Genes4

Soluble2

Aggregates3

Accumulation2

Mitochondria3

Cleavage2

Proteome1

Mitochondrial uncoupl1

Pathways5

Synaptic5

Gene9

Amyloid deposits1

Transmembrane1

Oxidative Stress1

Complement2

MRNA2

Nucleic1

Expression3

Cellular4

Collagen1

Highly conserved2

Molecular1

Bioactive1

Transcriptional2

Neuronal function2

Alzheimer Disease2

Peptide7

Ameliorate1

Dopamine3

Interestingly2

Drosophila2

Researchers3

Alters1

Fibrinogen2

Genetic1

Molecule1

Amino acids2

Heterogeneous1

Proteomics3

Plaques1

Differentiation1

Chemotaxis1

Mice2

Nervous2

Tangles1

Incorporation2

Kinase1

Membrane3

Synthesis1

Cerebrovascular2

Receptor protein2

Buildup1

Therapeutic1

Neurodegeneration1