• 10 Holdsworth M J, Le nie B, Soppe W J J. Molecular networks regulating Arabidopsis seed maturation, after-ripening, dormancy and germination J . The New Phytologist, 2008, 179(1): 33-54. (paperonce.org)
  • Upon elimination of PNY (PENNYWISE) and PNF (POUNDFOOLISH) function in Arabidopsis , SAM remained in a vegetative state as it could not perceive the inductive signals, which suggested the connection between meristem architecture and their response potential to floral stimuli [ 3 ]. (jabonline.in)
  • Super determinant1A, a RAWULdomain-containing protein, modulates axillary meristem formation and compound leaf development in tomato. (mpg.de)
  • Auxin Depletion from the Leaf Axil Conditions Competence for Axillary Meristem Formation in Arabidopsis and Tomato. (mpg.de)
  • The bHLH protein ROX acts in concert with RAX1 and LAS to modulate axillary meristem formation in Arabidopsis. (mpg.de)
  • ULT1 and its paralog ULT2 shares overlapping functions, where ULT2 plays a minor role than ULT1 in regulating shoot and floral meristem accumulation and plays a redundant role in differentiating tissue like gynoecium to establish apical-basal proximity axis. (grassius.org)
  • 2001) and B-box like motif near C-terminus that might play role in protein-protein or protein-DNA interaction and share similar expression pattern in embryonic shoot apical meristem, inflorescence and floral meristem and in developing stamens, carpels and ovules except in vegetative meristem and leaf primordia where only ULT1 mRNA accumulates (Carles et al. (grassius.org)
  • Based on phenotypic analysis, ULT gene plays a role in regulating floral organ and whorl number, shoot and floral meristem size partly by controlling the CLV1 (CLAVATA 1) domain expression and organ patterning, since ult mutant flowers exhibit extra sepals and petals indicating floral meristem and inflorescence size increase thus functioning as a negative regulator of meristem cell accumulation in inflorescence and floral meristems. (grassius.org)
  • From genetic and expression studies, ULT functions redundantly with other genes like CLV1, CLV3 and PAN (PERIANTHIA) which plays a role in regulating meristem cell accumulation and floral organ pattern determination respectively, whereas ULT function independently of ERA1 (Fletcher et al. (grassius.org)
  • The MADS-domain factors AGL (AGAMOUS-Like)15 and AGL18 act to repress the expression of FT (FLOWERING LOCUS T). FT functions as a mobile signal that results in developmental reprogramming at the shoot apical meristem and a shift from the production of leaves to the production of floral tissues. (wisc.edu)
  • miR156-targeted SPL10 controls Arabidopsis root meristem activity and root-derived de novo shoot regeneration via cytokinin responses. (chinaagrisci.com)
  • and C- and E-class proteins specify carpels and terminate floral meristem development. (sdbcore.org)
  • In Arabidopsis thaliana the MADS box genes SOC1 and Flowering Locus C (FLC) have been shown to have an important role in the integration of molecular flowering time pathways. (wikipedia.org)
  • Arabidopsis, ULT1 interacts directly with AG and activates its locus by regulating its histone modification status. (grassius.org)
  • Floral inducers including FLOWERING LOCUS T (FT), FD, SUPPRESSOR OF CONSTANS 1 (SOC1), and LFEAY (LFY) activate the transcription of the majority of genes floral genes, promoting Arabidopsis bolting and flowering ( Johansson and Staiger, 2015 ). (frontiersin.org)
  • The Arabidopsis genome contains an estimated 340,000 potential MADS binding sites ( de Folter and Angenent, 2006 ), leading to the intriguing question: What is the biological significance of the large number of potential MADS binding sites, and how many target genes do MADS proteins really regulate? (frontiersin.org)
  • The gene set of the last common ancestor of the crown group consists of 3,413 KOGs and largely includes proteins involved in genome replication and expression, and central metabolism. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Comparative analysis of genomes from distant species provides new insights into gene functions, genome evolution and phylogeny. (biomedcentral.com)
  • 5] Marathe R, Guan Z, Anandalakshmi R, Zhao H, Dinesh-Kumar S P. Study of Arabidopsis thaliana resistome in response to cucumber mosaic virus infection using whole genome microarray. (chinacrops.org)
  • Here, we use a computational approach to perform genome-wide identification and analysis of 611 orthologues of the Arabidopsis thaliana flowering genes. (springer.com)
  • 923 Mb) provided the information about 55930 protein-coding genes and 339 microRNA genes present in the genome. (plantae.org)
  • 2014). AGAMOUS (AG) gene encodes MADS family of transcription factors which plays a role in specifying reproductive organ identity and acts in a negative feedback loop to limit floral stem cell proliferation. (grassius.org)
  • encodes a MADS-box containing protein likely to be a transcription factor that is expressed in endosperm and developing gametophytes. (or.jp)
  • Encodes a pollen-specific Rop GTPase, member of the Rho family of small GTP binding proteins that interacts with RIC3 and RIC4 to control tip growth in pollen tubes. (or.jp)
  • FUSCA3, encodes a protein with a conserved VP1/ABI3_like B3 domain which is of functional importance for the regulation of seed maturation in Arabidopsis thaliana J . The Plant Journal, 1998, 15(6): 10. (paperonce.org)
  • Ameiotic1 ( Am1 ) encodes a plant-specific nuclear protein (AM1) required for meiotic entry and progression through early prophase I. Pollen mother cells (PMCs) remain mitotic in most am1 mutants including am1-489 , while am1-praI permits meiotic entry but PMCs arrest at the leptotene/zygotene (L/Z) transition, defining the roles of AM1 protein in two distinct steps of meiosis. (biomedcentral.com)
  • In P. patens , apogamy could result from deletion of the gene orthologous to the Arabidopsis thaliana CURLY LEAF ( CLF ), which encodes a component of Polycomb Repressive Complex 2 (PRC2). (biomedcentral.com)
  • MADS-domain proteins are generally transcription factors. (wikipedia.org)
  • The MADS-box gene family got its name later as an acronym referring to the four founding members, ignoring ARG80: MCM1 from the budding yeast, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, AGAMOUS from the thale cress Arabidopsis thaliana, DEFICIENS from the snapdragon Antirrhinum majus, SRF from the human Homo sapiens. (wikipedia.org)
  • the SRF-like or Type I MADS-domain proteins and the MEF2-like (after MYOCYTE-ENHANCER-FACTOR2) or Type II MADS-domain proteins. (wikipedia.org)
  • SRF-like MADS-domain proteins in animals and fungi have a second conserved domain, the SAM (SRF, ARG80, MCM1) domain. (wikipedia.org)
  • MEF2-like MADS-domain proteins in animals and fungi have the MEF2 domain as a second conserved domain. (wikipedia.org)
  • In plants, the MEF2-like MADS-domain proteins are also termed MIKC-type proteins referring to their conserved domain structure, where the MADS (M) domain is followed by an Intervening (I), a Keratin-like (K) and a C-terminal domain. (wikipedia.org)
  • In plants, MADS-domain protein form tetramers and this is thought to be central for their function. (wikipedia.org)
  • The structure of the tetramerisation domain of the MADS-domain protein SEPALLATA3 was solved illustrating the structural basis for tetramer formation A geneticist intensely investigating MADS-box genes is Günter Theißen at the University of Jena. (wikipedia.org)
  • MADS-box genes have a variety of functions. (wikipedia.org)
  • Some MADS-box genes of flowering plants have homeotic functions like the HOX genes of animals. (wikipedia.org)
  • The floral homeotic MADS-box genes (such as AGAMOUS and DEFICIENS) participate in the determination of floral organ identity according to the ABC model of flower development. (wikipedia.org)
  • Another function of MADS-box genes is flowering time determination. (wikipedia.org)
  • The MADS box protein structure is characterized by four domains. (wikipedia.org)
  • Next to the MADS domain is the moderately conserved Intervening (I) and Keratin-like (K) domains, which are involved in specific protein-protein interactions. (wikipedia.org)
  • Based on these studies, it appears that MADS proteins may directly regulate thousands of target genes (Figure 1 A), and may serve to integrate different biological processes. (frontiersin.org)
  • (A) Network representation (Cytoscape) of the reported target genes (represented by blue lines) of the four MADS proteins (yellow circles). (frontiersin.org)
  • The four MADS proteins share 70 target genes. (frontiersin.org)
  • (C) Wire diagram (BioTapestry) showing the complex regulatory network between the four MADS proteins themselves. (frontiersin.org)
  • We examined the action of AGL15 and AGL18 relative to other MADS-domain proteins involved in the floral transition. (wisc.edu)
  • The MADS-domain factors AGAMOUS-LIKE15 and AGAMOUS-LIKE18, along with SHORT VEGETATIVE PHASE and AGAMOUS-LIKE24, are necessary to block floral gene expression during the vegetative phase. (wisc.edu)
  • The MADS domain factors AGL15 and AGL18 act redundantly as repressors of the floral transition in Arabidopsis . (wisc.edu)
  • MADS proteins regulate the accumulation of storage substances in plant seeds by binding specifically to cis-acting elements of downstream gene promoters. (paperonce.org)
  • AGL15, a MADS domain protein expressed in developing embryos J . The Plant Cell, 1995, 7(8): 1271-1282. (paperonce.org)
  • 8 Messenguy F, Dubois E. Role of MADS box proteins and their cofactors in combinatorial control of gene expression and cell development J . Gene, 2003, 316(1): 1-21. (paperonce.org)
  • The physical and chemical properties, protein conservative motifs, phylogenetic evolution, and expression patterns of the MADS-box transcription factors were analyzed. (bvsalud.org)
  • Thus, while PWR promotes floral determinacy by enhancing the expression of three of the five MIR172 members as well as CRC, MIR172d, whose expression is PWR-independent, also functions in floral stem cell termination. (elsevierpure.com)
  • Our analysis indicated that on average each Arabidopsis flowering gene has two orthologous copies in quinoa. (springer.com)
  • Collinearity analysis showed that the members of FvSUN gene family were mainly expanded by segmental duplication in F. vesca, and Arabidopsis and F. vesca shared twenty-three pairs of orthologous SUN genes. (bvsalud.org)
  • Previous studies have demonstrated that lncRNAs act as one of the molecular mechanisms for the post-transcriptional regulation and modulation of protein function. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Our studies may facilitate revealing the biological function and molecular mechanism of SUN genes in strawberry. (bvsalud.org)
  • Caenorhabditis elegans , Drosophila melanogaster , Homo sapiens , Arabidopsis thaliana , Saccharomyces cerevisiae , Schizosaccharomyces pombe and Encephalitozoon cuniculi . (biomedcentral.com)
  • The study of specialized tissue domains and their interactions is essential for a comprehensive understanding of the function of biological systems, including the wide variety of plant species. (nature.com)
  • Physiological experiments have been performed with diverse species, whereas studies mostly on Arabidopsis thaliana , a little flowering plant, have led to the development of current genetic models. (jabonline.in)
  • The approximately 40% of KOGs that are represented in six or seven species are enriched in proteins responsible for housekeeping functions, particularly translation and RNA processing. (biomedcentral.com)
  • LOST MERISTEMS genes regulate cell differentiation of central zone descendants in Arabidopsis shoot meristems. (mpg.de)
  • 3] Ferrándiz C, Liljegren S J, Yanofsky M F. Negative regulation of the SHATTERPROOF genes by FRUITFULL during Arabidopsis fruit development. (chinacrops.org)
  • The protein sequence is most similar to that of AGL15, which is expressed in developing embryos. (or.jp)
  • 2014). Arabidopsis gynoecium organ patterning along several axes is regulated by ULT1 and KAN1 (KANADI1) transcription factor. (grassius.org)
  • The protein or fat contents of five non-synonymous mutants and one intron mutant were significantly different from those of wild type ZP661. (paperonce.org)
  • Use of TILLING and robotised enzyme assays to generate an allelic series of Arabidopsis thaliana mutants with altered ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase activity J . Journal of Plant Physiology, 2011, 168(12):1395-1405. (paperonce.org)
  • The PcG repressive function of CURLY LEAF (CLF) which is a component of PRC2 (Polycomb Repressive Complex 2) is counteracted by SAND domain of ULT1, thus ULT1 regulates cell fate in plants (Carles et al. (grassius.org)
  • This review will focus on the four-floral inductive pathways which operate in Arabidopsis: Photoperiodic, autonomous, gibberellin promotion, and vernalization pathways and how in this network of pathways, different nodes signify a site of signal integration and how the pathways are integrated, leading to a co-ordinated initiation of flowering. (jabonline.in)
  • In Arabidopsis thaliana we use the spatial data to identify differences in expression levels of 141 genes and 189 pathways in eight inflorescence tissue domains. (nature.com)
  • A stable gene expression during plant and animal development is maintained by opposite functions of Polycomb group (PcG) chromatin remodeling factors that represses target gene expression through H3K27 trimethylation and trithorax group (trxG) chromatin remodeling factors that maintain transcription of target gene loci by H3K4-trimethylation (Schwartz and Pirrotta. (grassius.org)
  • Expression and maintenance of embryogenic potential is enhanced through constitutive expression of AGAMOUS-Like 15 J . Plant Physiology, 2003, 133(2): 653-663. (paperonce.org)
  • To begin addressing this aim, we have studied the upstream regulation of expression of BIG BROTHER ( BB ), a central growth-control gene in Arabidopsis thaliana that prevents overgrowth of organs. (biomedcentral.com)
  • BB expression mirrors proliferative activity, yet the gene functions to limit proliferation, suggesting that it acts in an incoherent feedforward loop downstream of growth activators to prevent over-proliferation. (biomedcentral.com)
  • BB expression was detected in all proliferating tissues, suggesting a plant-wide function in limiting cell divisions. (biomedcentral.com)
  • This somewhat counterintuitive expression pattern suggests that BB functions as an intrinsic growth brake in an incoherent feedforward loop [ 5 ] during organ growth. (biomedcentral.com)
  • ChIP-seq was performed using antibodies against SEP3 in wild type and agamous ( ag-1 ) inflorescence tissues, resulting in 4282 and 2828 peaks (binding events) respectively, corresponding to 3475 and 2424 putative target genes. (frontiersin.org)
  • Organ formation during flower development in Arabidopsis is regulated by only few genes, what can be summarized by the so-called 'ABC' model. (ens-lyon.fr)
  • 2] Krizek B A, Meyerowitz E M. The Arabidopsis homeotic genes APETALA3 and PISTILLATA are sufficient to provide the B class organ identity function. (chinacrops.org)
  • Mutations affecting the function of class A, B, C, and E genes are homeotic, resulting in the replacement of one organ type by another. (sdbcore.org)
  • To accomplish this goal, the authors used an agamous loss-of-function mutant, which fails to produce stamens and carpels and instead produces an indeterminate set of sepals and petals. (frontiersin.org)
  • In the wild type flower of Arabidopsis , four sepals can be observed in the outer whorl, which form with the four petals in the second whorl the perianth. (ens-lyon.fr)
  • Among them, class A genes, such as APETALA1 ( AP1 ) in Arabidopsis , specify the outer-most floral organs, the sepals. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The FACS and INTACT methods require plant transgenic lines respectively expressing fluorescent proteins or the biotinylated nuclear envelope protein in the cell type of interest. (nature.com)
  • The carboxyl terminal (C) domain is highly variable and is involved in transcriptional activation and assemblage of heterodimers and multimeric protein complexes. (wikipedia.org)
  • Arabidopsis LEAFY COTYLEDON1is sufficient to induce embryo development in vegetative cells J . Cell, 1998, 93(7): 1195-1205. (paperonce.org)
  • Therefore, ULT2 can compensate for ULT1 functions in ult1 mutant lines, indicating their common targets during plant development (Carles et al. (grassius.org)
  • 2011). Arabidopsis, ULT1 plays a role in normal ovule development in order for it to be fertilized properly and developed into viable seeds, since ult1 and ult1 ult2 siliques resulted in aborted ovules (Monfared and Fletcher. (grassius.org)
  • Most genes for cell division, cell wall structure, and the modified protein of cell wall structure were identified to be upregulated during the ear development. (chinacrops.org)
  • Moreover, genes for protein kinase, signal transduction, and transcription factors, which are involved in signal transduction and regulatory processes, may also take great functions in the development of maize ears. (chinacrops.org)
  • In Arabidopsis , many genes associated with seed development have been identified. (molcells.org)
  • Fruit chloroplasts function as assimilation organs before ripening,synthesizing amounts of assimilates for fruit development and quality-related metabolites synthesis,and transform into chromoplasts during ripening,storing nutrients and flavor substances synthesized by different metabolic pathways driven by photosynthesis in the early stage. (ahs.ac.cn)
  • A zinc finger protein gene ZFP5 integrates phytohormone signalling to control root hair development in Arabidopsis. (chinaagrisci.com)
  • FUNCTIONS IN: DNA binding, sequence-specific DNA binding transcription f. (riken.jp)
  • Based on DNA binding studies, OsULT1 exhibited sequence specific binding through its SAND domain at GAGAG motif on OsDREB1b promoter whereas the B-box motif mediates protein multimerization function (Roy et al. (grassius.org)
  • For around 20 that remained uncharacterized, functions were predicted by in-depth sequence analysis and examination of genomic context. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Earlier scientific studies have identified disease genes, radioresistance genes and drug target genes primarily based on Gene Ontology and protein interaction networks. (hdac-inhibitors.com)
  • Epistatic Natural Allelic Variation Reveals a Function of AGAMOUS-LIKE6 in Axillary Bud Formation in Arabidopsis. (mpg.de)
  • 6] Price J, Laxmi A, Martin S K S, Jang J C. Global transcription profiling reveals multiple sugar signal transduction mechanisms in Arabidopsis. (chinacrops.org)
  • Nearly all these proteins are subunits of known or predicted multiprotein complexes, in agreement with the balance hypothesis of evolution of gene copy number. (biomedcentral.com)