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¶ 6 Leave a comment on paragraph 6 0 Spain extended its reach in the Americas after reaping the benefits of its colonies in Mexico, the Caribbean, and South America. (americanyawp.com)

Expeditions slowly began combing the continent and bringing Europeans into the modern-day United States in the hopes of establishing religious and economic dominance in a new territory. (americanyawp.com)
Like other Europeans who attempted to govern the Indian nations that lived on or within their colonial borders, even the unusually astute Washington was "out of his depth in a complex world of rumors, wampum belts and tribal agendas. (claremontreviewofbooks.com)
As even this brief account indicates, many key Indian religious beliefs and practices bore broad but striking resemblances to those current among early modern Europeans, both Catholic and Protestant. (nationalhumanitiescenter.org)
Important as it is to appreciate the affinities between the religious cultures of Indians and early modern Europeans (and Euro-Americans), there were real differences that must be kept in mind. (nationalhumanitiescenter.org)
During the first, which lasted the whole of the sixteenth century, Indian nations controlled everything from the Atlantic to the Pacific, north of the Rio Grande, setting the terms of interaction between Europeans and Indians and determining every significant outcome. (americanheritage.com)

More permanent settlements were needed there to establish America's claim to the rest of the continent. (encyclopedia.com)
To that end, he sought "to maintain the friendship of the tribes and preserve peace on the frontiers, protecting settlements from unruly individuals who could not be restrained by their tribes, on the one hand, and [to protect] the Indians' treaty rights, on the other. (claremontreviewofbooks.com)
The Whites, by law of conquest, by justice of civilization, are masters of the American continent, and the best safety of the frontier settlements will be secured by the total annihilation of the few remaining Indians. (idislikeyourfavoriteteam.com)
The second phase began when the Spanish, French, Dutch, and English established settlements in North America around the beginning of the seventeenth century, inaugurating a 150-year period of colonization and conflict by changing the conditions of American life in two critical ways. (americanheritage.com)
Ironically, the Indians nearest the European settlements, and who sustained the earliest and worst losses, also had the closest access to trade goods and weapons that gave them unprecedented advantages over more distant groups. (americanheritage.com)

In 1780, the British launched a raid into Kentucky led by Captain Henry Bird to assist the Native Americans to reclaim their hunting grounds from white settlers. (jsfbooks.com)
The remaining settlers held by the Native Americans were sold into slavery, adopted into a tribe, sold or eventually released. (jsfbooks.com)
To keep their claims in the trans-Appalachian area (the area of land that stretched west from the crest of the Appalachian Mountains to the Mississippi River), early settlers fought almost constantly with Indians. (encyclopedia.com)
The American settlers had only their own strength and skill with a flintlock rifle or an ax for protection. (encyclopedia.com)
Tribes like the Shawnee and Iroquois, who viewed American settlers with unease, were contemptuous of Americans interested in "grasping for Indian land" and fought almost continuously against the United States. (claremontreviewofbooks.com)
To avoid the enmity of the various tribes living along the frontier, Washington spent much of the Revolution restraining settlers from moving westward. (claremontreviewofbooks.com)
True, settlers and pioneers were often bold and courageous people, and more than a few of them acquitted themselves honorably both in tragic combat with Indians, and in honest commerce with them when peace was achieved. (lewrockwell.com)
The Anglo-American settlers' violent break from Britain in the late eighteenth century paralleled their search-and-destroy annihilation of Delaware, Cherokee, Muskogee, Seneca, Mohawk, Shawnee, and Miami, during which they slaughtered families without distinction of age or gender, and expanded the boundaries of the thirteen colonies into unceded Native territories. (monthlyreview.org)
In the course of that war, Anglo-American settlers intensified their use of counterinsurgent violence, which the Anglo settler elite dubbed "savage wars," against Indigenous peoples' resistance to their incursions into the territories of the Ottawa, Miami, Kickapoo, and the confederations identified with Pontiac's leadership of the Great Lakes region, spreading to the Illinois and Ohio countries. (monthlyreview.org)
The Spanish, fearing American settlers, invited various Indian nations to settle and act as a buffer against encroaching whites. (connerprairie.org)

Plus, he said, sometimes how we build today doesn't make as much sense as the way frontier-era tribes were building. (bluecorncomics.com)
As the title suggests, The Indian World focuses on the relations between the early republic and the American Indian tribes that occupied western lands during Washington's lifetime. (claremontreviewofbooks.com)
The book first describes young Washington's early-and inept-management of conflicting interests among Indian tribes and European empires in North America. (claremontreviewofbooks.com)
Teaching about Native American religion is a challenging task to tackle with students at any level, if only because the Indian systems of belief and ritual were as legion as the tribes inhabiting North America. (nationalhumanitiescenter.org)
When you take up Native American religion in class, you could spend hours describing the specific beliefs and rituals of the major tribes spanning the North American continent, but this barrage of information might leave your students feeling overwhelmed and confused. (nationalhumanitiescenter.org)
Rolfe recognized that Powhatan is the leader of a massive confederacy of thousands American Indians and thousands of tribes. (ostatic.com)
Tribes driven west and north by their attacks forged alliances with the French, who supplied them with arms, and encouraged them to strike back. (americanheritage.com)
The "Five Civilized Tribes" are among the best known Native American groups in American history, and they were even celebrated by contemporary Americans for their abilities to adapt to white culture. (audible.com)

That was the goal of independence, with both the seasoned Indian killers of the Revolutionary Army and white settler-rangers/militias using extreme violence against Indigenous noncombatants with the goal of total domination. (monthlyreview.org)
First, at the time of European contact, all but the simplest indigenous cultures in North America had developed coherent religious systems that included cosmologies-creation myths, transmitted orally from one generation to the next, which purported to explain how those societies had come into being. (nationalhumanitiescenter.org)

As the British colonies on the eastern seaboard grew ever more crowded in the mid-1700s, colonists began to look westward, beyond the Appalachian Mountains , and imagine the incredible riches the continent had to offer. (encyclopedia.com)
These excursions provided maps of the continent and prompted many to flock westward and settle all worthy territory. (encyclopedia.com)
But Calloway's single-volume, carefully detailed account also conveys the conditions surrounding America's westward expansion, its first unsuccessful attempt at regime change, and the "hard lessons in war and diplomacy" learned by the early American republic during its westward march. (claremontreviewofbooks.com)
In Westward the Tide, a typically worthy offering, novelist Louis L'Amour, the justly renowned 'Troubadour of the American West' (and an autodidact whose scholarly achievements were easily the equal of Dr. Turner's) captures the ambivalence of the expansionist period from Appomattox to Wounded Knee. (lewrockwell.com)
The Declaration of Independence of 1776 symbolizes the beginning of the "Indian Wars" and "westward movement" that continued across the continent for another century of unrelenting U.S. wars of conquest. (monthlyreview.org)

In the beautiful but deadly country which would one day come to be known as West Virginia, Kentucky, Michigan, Ohio, Indiana, and Illinois, more often than not they left their bones to bleach beside forest paths or on the banks of the Ohio River, victims of Indians who claimed the vast virgin territory and strove to turn back the growing tide of whites. (jsfbooks.com)
An America where the political boundaries between the states and between the U.S. and Canada and Mexico are becoming increasingly blurred, betokening a vast open zone for trade, commerce, and cultural interaction, the nexus of tomorrow's transnational world. (barnesandnoble.com)
European contact with North America, with its vast forests and wildlife, particularly the beaver, led to the continent becoming a major supplier in the 17th century of fur pelts for the fur felt hat and fur trimming and garment trades of Europe. (wikipedia.org)
The rivalry between the French and British for this vast continent had been simmering for a century when war finally erupted in western Pennsylvania, then spread to Europe and the rest of the world, in a global contest called the Seven Years War. (mountainlake.org)
The program of expansion and the wars against Native American civilization and the agricultural societies of the vast valley of the Ohio River and the Great Lakes region began before the Declaration with the French and Indian War of 1754-63, which was the North American extension of the Seven Years' War between France and Britain in Europe. (monthlyreview.org)

Historically the trade stimulated the exploration and colonization of Siberia , northern North America , and the South Shetland and South Sandwich Islands . (wikipedia.org)

Manifest Destiny had run out of room, and the American Empire - a term used unblushingly in triumphalist literature of the period - now girded the entire North American continent, and its rulers were free to confer the blessings of civilization on untutored masses beyond our shores. (lewrockwell.com)

Everywhere Kaplan travels from St. Louis, Missouri, to Portland, Oregon, from the forty-ninth parallel to the banks of the Rio Grande he finds an America ever more fragmented along lines of race, class, education, and geography. (barnesandnoble.com)

The rapid population growth in the American colonies during the 1700s motivated colonists to move west. (encyclopedia.com)
The iconic colonial protest slogan "taxation without representation is tyranny" marked the surge of rebellion against British control, but it did not tell the whole story, considering what the tax was for: to pay the cost of housing, feeding, and transporting soldiers to contain and suppress the colonies from expanding further into Indian territory. (monthlyreview.org)
It implies that the demographic momentum of the British colonies and the emergence of a new "American character" made independence and the expansion of Anglo-American settlement across the continent inevitable. (americanheritage.com)

The traditional narrative of American history treats the "colonial period" as a tale of maturation that begins with the founding of Virginia and Massachusetts and culminates in the Revolution. (americanheritage.com)
The whole tale of North America is one narrative of various dominant parties using factions to do their bidding - they didn't call them the French AND INDIAN Wars for nothing. (pravda.ru)

Indians, regrettably, were fated to vanish beneath the Anglo-American tide. (americanheritage.com)

So ultimately, Americans needed to discover what every square mile of their country had to offer and promote the best places for settlement. (encyclopedia.com)
The Crown granted missionaries the right to live among Timucua and Guale villagers in the late 1500s and early 1600s and encouraged settlement through the encomienda system (grants of Indian labor). (americanyawp.com)
In 1778 the true brutal nature of the American Revolution was revealed when Iroquois warriors and Loyalist rangers attacked the Patriot settlement of Wyoming. (podbean.com)
Queen turns to Sir Walter Raleigh, who established Roanoke Island Settlement (North Carolina) in 1585. (ostatic.com)

The status of the American Indians offered a reality-based counterpoint to America's self-enraptured rhetoric, and the reservation system served as a kind of portrait of Dorian Grey for the regime's image as guardian of liberty and justice. (lewrockwell.com)
Roughly three years after the December 1890 massacre at Wounded Knee, historian Frederick Jackson Turner treated an audience at the Columbian Exposition in Chicago to his soon-to-be-famous 'frontier thesis' - namely, that the closing of the western frontier, which he called 'the meeting point between savagery and civilization,' brought an end to the first phase of America's national life. (lewrockwell.com)
The Indian Head nickel was America's standard five-cent coin between 1913 and 1938. (governing.com)

He also advanced a policy of "benevolent amalgamation" which sought peaceful acquisition of Indian territory through purchase while drawing Indians "nearer to the civilized state" by encouraging their adoption of private property and agriculture. (claremontreviewofbooks.com)

So well regarded was Conner that famed frontiersman Richard Dodge wrote that he was "renowned as having a more minute and extensive knowledge of the North American Continent" than anyone in America. (connerprairie.org)

Like all other cultures, the Indian societies of North America hoped to enlist the aid of the supernatural in controlling the natural and social world, and each tribe had its own set of religious observances devoted to that aim. (nationalhumanitiescenter.org)

For five years, from 1755 to 1760, the battles raged at Lake George, Crown Point, Fort Ticonderoga, and Quebec as France, Britain and the native peoples of North America fought to decide who would control the crucial highway of rivers and lakes between New York and the city of Montreal. (mountainlake.org)
Often overshadowed by the American Revolution, the epic struggle known in the United States as the French and Indian War (1755-1760), determined which great European empire would control North America. (mountainlake.org)

now named Fort Pitt) after 1760 and Scotch-Irish farmers from North Carolina moved into eastern Tennessee around 1771. (encyclopedia.com)

They were often rough and illiterate, sometimes brutal and vicious, often seeking an escape in the wilderness of mid-America from crimes committed back east. (jsfbooks.com)
Many allied themselves with Native Americans to learn more about the wilderness they roamed. (encyclopedia.com)

After being defeated by the British in the Seven Years' War, in 1763 France ceded control of its territory in North America east of the Mississippi River to the British. (wikipedia.org)
the eastern half of the continent was "ethnically cleansed" of Native nations by 1850, through forced relocation to "Indian Territory" west of the Mississippi. (monthlyreview.org)
When the peoples of the Indian Territory found themselves in the midst of the American Civil War, squeezed between union Kansas, confederate Texas, and Arkansas, they had no way to escape a conflict not of their choosing - and no alternative but to suffer its consequences. (audible.com)
When the Wolf Came explores how the war in the Indian Territory involved almost every resident, killed many civilians as well as soldiers, left the country stripped and devastated, and cost Indian nations millions of acres of land. (audible.com)

Chinese and Mexicans would taste - in the sense of being force-fed - the unpalatable fruits of American imperial benevolence, before Washington, under the reign of the unspeakably vile Woodrow Wilson, dispatched hundreds of thousands of armed missionaries for democracy to the battlefields of Europe. (lewrockwell.com)

That prize was the eastern half of North America, and the war in which Britain won it raised, with seismic force, a mountain range at the midpoint of the last half-millennium in American history. (americanheritage.com)

New Podcast for Brady: Tune into Dispatches: The Podcast of the Journal of the American Revolution! (podbean.com)
Starting January 6th Brady will now be the host of Dispatches: The Podcast of the American Revolution. (podbean.com)
On the eve of the American Revolution, the northeast prepared for war. (podbean.com)
The bloodshed and violence at the Wyoming Valley remains one of the most terrible moment of the American Revolution. (podbean.com)

Sieur Juchereau along with 34 Canadiens, founded the company post on 28 October 1702 for the purpose of trading for buffalo hides to be supplied by Native Americans. (wikipedia.org)
He recruited Canadian traders to encourage regional Native American people to settle there in order to develop stronger relations. (wikipedia.org)
A unique culture developed of regional Native Americans, ethnic French and British farmers, craftsmen, and traders. (wikipedia.org)
On June 26, 1780, the British and Native Americans marched the captives to Detroit on a 50-day march under brutal conditions, killing several of them along the way. (jsfbooks.com)
He found between 150,000 and 300,000 Native Americans. (americanyawp.com)
With the same prescience and eye for telling detail that distinguished his bestselling Balkan Ghosts , Robert Kaplan now explores his native country, the United States of America. (barnesandnoble.com)
We honor elements of The Native American tradition, while we sadly lament that they couldn't be assimiliated. (idislikeyourfavoriteteam.com)
We honor the legacy of the Native Americans, we apologize for taking their land, and occasional success story/casino shows we are righting wrongs. (idislikeyourfavoriteteam.com)
See if he doesn't capture, way back when, the duality of racism/respect for Native Americans way back when. (idislikeyourfavoriteteam.com)
His services were so valued that the state of Texas voted him a league of land, voting privileges, and made him a full citizen of the state, an unusual honor for a Native American. (connerprairie.org)
On the contrary, Native Americans perceived the "material" and "spiritual" as a unified realm of being-a kind of extended kinship network. (nationalhumanitiescenter.org)
It might be more profitable to begin by promising yourself to avoid any approach to Native American spirituality that is too exhaustively detailed. (nationalhumanitiescenter.org)
Although the Roosevelt debate has largely focused on the statue group's depiction of him as a cowboy or Rough Rider on horseback, leading a Native American on one side and an African gun bearer on the other to a more "civilized" future, it might be useful to give some attention to the distinguished American sculptor who fashioned the sculpture. (governing.com)
The depiction of the Native American on the obverse face ("heads") was based on several of Fraser's encounters with Plains Indians. (governing.com)
On the far side of that range lay a world where native peoples controlled the continent. (americanheritage.com)
Of course, Indians (Native American version) did the exact same before anyone knew what a White Man was or that they even existed. (pravda.ru)

Zafar, his well known pen name, was not an ambitious or a warlike man, yet what he represented was to prove vital to the nationalists of India who desired to throw off the East India Company and restore Indian independence. (blogspot.com)

The Winning of America Series: Book 1 of 6 The frontiersmen were a remarkable breed of men. (jsfbooks.com)
Researched for seven years, The Frontiersmen is the first in Eckert's "The Winning of America" series. (jsfbooks.com)

Following the French and Indian War (as the North American front was known in that continent), the British and colonial governments could not afford the cost of maintaining frontier posts. (wikipedia.org)
The British and their colonial militias had the advantage of numbers, while the French had a more important edge: the support of the Indian nations in the region, including the powerful Abenakis. (mountainlake.org)

Never nostalgic or falsely optimistic, bracingly unafraid of change and its consequences, Kaplan paints a startling portrait of post-Cold War America a great nation entering the final, most uncertain phase of its history. (barnesandnoble.com)
olin G. Calloway's The Indian World of George Washington is a biography, but students of American political history will find in it even more to appreciate. (claremontreviewofbooks.com)
During its progress reputations were made that will live for ever in American history, and many remarkable men came to the front. (fullbooks.com)
Shortly before the U.S. Army slaughtered hundreds of starving, desperate Sioux who had been herded to the frozen shore of Wounded Knee Creek in South Dakota, the Census Bureau announced the disappearance of a contiguous frontier line for the first time in American history. (lewrockwell.com)
The American Museum of Natural History's recent decision to remove the statue of Theodore Roosevelt from its Central Park entrance gives us all the opportunity to revisit and rethink a wide range of things we have taken for granted in American history and American memory. (governing.com)
His Roosevelt group for the American Museum of Natural History was dedicated in 1940. (governing.com)
Winston Churchill came closer in The History of the English-Speaking Peoples when he called it "a world war-the first in history," noting that unlike the previous Anglo-French wars, this time "the prize would be something more than a rearrangement of frontiers and a redistribution of fortresses and sugar islands. (americanheritage.com)
But if we regard the Seven Years' War as an event central to American history, a very different understanding emerges-one that turns the familiar story upside down. (americanheritage.com)

Calloway himself provides many examples of such "external annoyance" including Indian raids across the Ohio, Indian armies that could outmatch any European or American army on the continent, designs by the British and Spanish for control of the Creek Country, lingering British influence in Ohio and Florida, the possibility of war between Indian nations along the American frontier, etc. (claremontreviewofbooks.com)

An America whose wealthy communities become wealthier and more fortress-like as they become more closely linked to the world's business capitals than to the desolate ghettoes next door. (barnesandnoble.com)
And as Washington eagerly audited the shortcomings of other regimes, the original beneficiaries of its civilizing mission - the residue of the various American Indian communities - were consigned to a wretched existence marked by intractable poverty, abysmal mortality rates, and pervasive despair. (lewrockwell.com)
second, they radically increased the volume of trade goods that flowed into Indian communities. (americanheritage.com)

Early wars and land purchases legalized Americans' claim to the continent (see Chapter 1). (encyclopedia.com)
We cannot honestly regret their extermination, but we at least do justice to the manly characteristics possessed, according to their lights and education, by the early Redskins of America. (idislikeyourfavoriteteam.com)

It reached to the Appalachian Mountains on the east, south to the Ohio River, west to the Mississippi River and north to the southern boundary of the Hudson's Bay Company-owned region of Rupert's Land. (wikipedia.org)
Fur trappers of the Far West accommodated the cultural differences between whites and Indians for the benefit of trade. (encyclopedia.com)
As Federal troops struggled to maintain order in the South and defend the rights of freed African-Americans, labor uprising swept across the North and West. (podbean.com)
Conner's life was varied, exciting, and played out across much of the American west. (connerprairie.org)
Zafar himself was quite famous for his poetry and the new innovations and modern ideas for the west were which had just been introduced were discussed at great length as well as how these new ideas could impact the traditional Islamic and Hindu beliefs of the Indian people. (blogspot.com)

American farmers felt that they needed at least one hundred acres to support a family. (encyclopedia.com)

In a search for the prized sea otter pelts, first used in China, and later for the northern fur seal , the Russian Empire expanded into North America, notably Alaska . (wikipedia.org)
On the other side we find a different world, in which Indian power waned as the United States grew into the largest republic and the most powerful empire on earth. (americanheritage.com)
At one time the Mughal Empire stretched across almost the entire Indian subcontinent and was a successor of the massive central Asian empire of Tamerlane or Timur the Lane , a descendant of Genghis Khan. (blogspot.com)

This was done and the Indian military occupied half of Kashmir, Pakistan took the north and China grabbed a little bit in the 1950s (except no one tangles with them). (pravda.ru)

Calloway shows how the post-Revolutionary government's Indian policies, which largely rested on securing either Indian apathy or friendship, more often secured neither because of nervous and often violent passions. (claremontreviewofbooks.com)

The conquest of the frontier, Turner claimed, had refined a distinctly American character, one that was restless and inventive, fiercely individualistic and disdainful of centralized power and hierarchical authority. (lewrockwell.com)

American intervention broke a stalemate in WWI that could have resulted in a negotiated peace, thereby preserving Christendom. (lewrockwell.com)

First, explorers blazed trails across the continent, and then the U.S. Army sent engineers to explore the boundaries of the country. (encyclopedia.com)

Novgorodians expanded farther east and north, coming into contact with the Pechora people of the Pechora River valley and the Yugra people residing near the Urals . (wikipedia.org)
With that innate love of virtue and real worth which has always distinguished the American people, there has long been growing up, even among those who were the fiercest foes of the South, a feeling of love and reverence for the memory of this great and true-hearted man of war, who fell in what he firmly believed to be a sacred cause. (fullbooks.com)
The Indian Mutiny had been brewing for some time as more and more people became fed up with the rule of the East India Company. (blogspot.com)
Four million people live in the Arctic ( 1 ), yet little is known about sexual health and sexually transmitted infections (STIs) in the circumpolar North. (cdc.gov)

Indian traders carried surplus products east along the Camino Real (the royal road) that connected the western anchor of the mission system with St. Augustine. (americanyawp.com)

He was the man who refused to remain close to forts and so was often killed by Indians, his wife nursed her children with a rifle across her knees, and he tilled his fields with a gun strapped to his plough handles. (lewrockwell.com)

A tribe of Indian tribe tried to communicate with the men (used words common to Croatoan) and so they assumed the men went up to the Indian tribe to live with them. (ostatic.com)

That death was to be hastened by the great Indian Mutiny of 1857. (blogspot.com)

The story of Robert Rogers and his Rangers brings to life the passion, the brutality and the violence of the fight for North America. (mountainlake.org)

However, there was one man on the British side who understood how to wage war the way the Indians did, Robert Rogers created a new type of warrior and new rules of warfare. (mountainlake.org)
A celebrity in his own time, Rogers was considered a hero by the colonials, an upstart by the British, and the "White Devil" his Indian enemies. (mountainlake.org)

His starting point: the conviction that America is a country not in decline but in transition, slowly but inexorably shedding its identity as a monolithic nation-state and assuming a radically new one. (barnesandnoble.com)

It probably doesn't make sense for everyone in North America to live in a traditional, wood-frame house," Wildcat said. (bluecorncomics.com)

Travels Through North America, During the Years 1825 and 1826. (gutenberg.org)
Over 250 years ago an epic struggle for the fate of North America played out right here in our own backyards, we call it the French and Indian War. (mountainlake.org)
Seeing what north america looked like on the far side of the Seven Years' War illuminates the changes the war wrought and its lingering influences. (americanheritage.com)

and we examine the realities behind the myth of Robert Rogers and his legendary Rangers the frontier partisans who gained heroic status in this brutal war. (mountainlake.org)

Anatomy3

Organisms18

Diseases11

Chemicals and Drugs6

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment41

Psychiatry and Psychology4

Phenomena and Processes42

Disciplines and Occupations18

Anthropology, Education, Sociology and Social Phenomena21

Technology, Industry, Agriculture4

Humanities3

Information Science8

Named Groups15

Health Care63

Geographicals44

South America1

Europeans5

Settlements5

Settlers10

Tribes8

Indigenous2

Westward5

Vast5

Colonization1

Manifest destiny1

Grande1

Colonies3

Narrative2

Anglo-American1

Settlement4

America's3

Amalgamation1

Frontiersman1

Societies1

17552

Carolina1

Wilderness2

Territory4

Democracy1

Britain1

Revolution4

Native16

Independence1

Frontiersmen2

Colonial2

History8

Nations1

Communities3

Early2

West5

Farmers1

Empire3

Half1

Largely1

Conquest1

Peace1

Army1

People4

East1

Forts1

Tribe1

Great1

Life1

British2

Nation1

Live1

Years3

Brutal1