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Fovea CentralisMacula LuteaTomography, Optical CoherenceVisual FieldsRetinal Cone Photoreceptor CellsVisual AcuityFundus OculiRetinaFluorescein AngiographyChoroidRetinal PigmentsOphthalmoscopyRaptorsOphthalmoscopesScotomaFixation, OcularSensory ThresholdsEaglesRetinoscopyMolesRetinal PerforationsContrast SensitivityScleral DiseasesPhotic StimulationPhotographyVision, OcularColor Vision DefectsMacular DegenerationPsychophysicsRetinal DiseasesVisual Field TestsVision, EntopticMyopia, DegenerativeEpiretinal MembraneMacular EdemaRetinal VesselsRetinal Ganglion CellsOptic DiskVision TestsElectroretinographyPhotoreceptor Cells, VertebrateLipofuscinDiagnostic Techniques, OphthalmologicalVitreous DetachmentRetinal Photoreceptor Cell Inner SegmentPursuit, SmoothLuteinRetinal TelangiectasisEye MovementsDiabetic RetinopathyPhotometrySaccadesRefractive ErrorsColor Perception TestsMacaca fascicularisPattern Recognition, VisualColor VisionRefraction, OcularNerve FibersEmmetropiaDark AdaptationVision, BinocularMacacaDiscrimination (Psychology)Space PerceptionLasersGanglia, SensoryPhotoreceptor CellsColor PerceptionRetinal DrusenLaser CoagulationMacaca mulattaVision DisordersPupilMotion PerceptionMyopiaXanthophyllsChoroid DiseasesOrientationAir MovementsRetinal Pigment EpitheliumAdaptation, OcularPigment Epithelium of EyeRetinitis PigmentosaTelangiectasisColorGeographic AtrophyChoroid NeoplasmsAmblyopiaReadingChoroiditisTomographyAxial Length, EyeDensitometryAotidaeRetinal Rod Photoreceptor CellsRetinal Photoreceptor Cell Outer SegmentVisual CortexBody Weights and MeasuresVitrectomy
RetinaCentralisRetinalRodsAvascularAnatomicalPeripheryPhotoreceptorsMaximum visual acuityFoveolaMaculaPigment epitheliumCone cellsBlood vesselsSpatialPerifoveaDensityHumansOpticFoveal visionAuditoryCavityTemporalSpecializationAreaCorrectiveMacular regionCentreCenterVisualVisionGazeSeparatesFibersLightAnteriorHumanLayers
Retina27
  • citation needed] Approximately half the nerve fibers in the optic nerve carry information from the fovea, while the remaining half carry information from the rest of the retina. (wikipedia.org)
  • The size of the fovea is relatively small with regard to the rest of the retina. (wikipedia.org)
  • Histologically the only region of the retina where GCL has >1 layer of ganglion cells Yellowish appearance = luteal pigments (xanthophyll and beta-carotenoid (beta-carotene) in the outer nuclear layers inward. (wikipedia.org)
  • The fovea centralis is part of the retina. (histology-world.com)
  • The region of the retina with the highest density of photoreceptors is called the fovea . (informit.com)
  • However, this relationship changes dramatically in the fovea , a highly specialized region of the central retina that measures about 1.2 millimeters in diameter ( Figure 11.11 ). (nih.gov)
  • In the fovea, cone density increases almost 200-fold, reaching, at its center, the highest receptor packing density anywhere in the retina. (nih.gov)
  • Graph illustrates that cones are present at a low density throughout the retina, with a sharp peak in the center of the fovea. (nih.gov)
  • The restriction of highest acuity vision to such a small region of the retina is the main reason humans spend so much time moving their eyes (and heads) around-in effect directing the foveas of the two eyes to objects of interest (see Chapter 20). (nih.gov)
  • It is easier to see a dim object (such as a faint star) by looking away from it, so that the stimulus falls on the region of the retina that is richest in rods (see Figure 11.10 ). (nih.gov)
  • Another anatomical feature of the fovea (which literally means "pit") that contributes to the superior acuity of the cone system is that the layers of cell bodies and processes that overlie the photoreceptors in other areas of the retina are displaced around the fovea, and especially the foveola (see Figure 11.11 ). (nih.gov)
  • Our retina display features hundreds of pixels per inch in the central fovea region. (explainxkcd.com)
  • The cones are densely packed into an area in the retina known as the fovea. (boredofstudies.org)
  • The fovea, a small central point in the retina, is densely populated by cone cells which enable the perception of fine details. (databasefootball.com)
  • The less numerous, more color-hungry cone cells are densely concentrated at the center of the retina, in a region called the fovea (this explains why dim stars that are visible in your side vision suddenly seem to disappear when you attempt to look at them straight-on). (universetoday.com)
  • Within the fovea-the part of the retina responsible for the highest visual acuity-is a central cluster of red and green cone cells, devoid of blue cone cells. (the-scientist.com)
  • A number of mechanisms contribute to this effect, and there is even an anatomical basis for visual attention in the fovea centralis , a pit region in the center of the retina with an increased density of photosensitive cone cells responsible for facilitating detailed visual tasks. (kdnuggets.com)
  • Losing the fovea replaces a unique locus on the retina by a set of equally probable peripheral loci. (visionsciences.org)
  • therefore, the optic nerve must cross through the retina en route to the brain. (wikipedia.org)
  • This mapping of nearby locations on the retina onto nearby regions of the brain is referred to as retinotopic organization. (frontiersin.org)
  • Age-Related Macular Degeneration , Age-related macular degeneration begins with characteristic yellow deposits in the macula (central area of the retina which provides detailed central vision, called fovea) called drusen between the retinal pigment epithelium and the underlying choroid. (fortworth2020.com)
  • Fovea centralis, which is a pit at the rear of the Retina that contains no rods and holds the densest concentration of cones in the eye. (vedantu.com)
  • thus, the optic nerve should cross via Retina en route to the brain. (vedantu.com)
  • The central point for image focus (the visual axis) in the human retina is the fovea. (utah.edu)
  • Some vertebrate retinas have instead of a fovea, another specialization of the central retina, known as an area centralis or a visual streak. (utah.edu)
  • These muscles, named extraocular muscles rotate the eyeball in the orbits and allow the image to be focussed at all times on the fovea of central retina. (utah.edu)
  • The retina is a part of the central nervous system and an ideal region of the vertebrate brain to study, because like other regions of the central nervous system, it derives from the neural tube . (utah.edu)
Centralis6
Retinal9
  • The fovea is a depression in the inner retinal surface, about 1.5 mm wide, the photoreceptor layer of which is entirely cones and which is specialized for maximum visual acuity. (wikipedia.org)
  • The fovea is located in a small avascular zone and receives most of its oxygen from the vessels in the choroid, which is across the retinal pigment epithelium and Bruch's membrane. (wikipedia.org)
  • The absence of blood vessels and overlaying inner retinal tissue are thought to maximize the optical quality of the fovea pit by reducing light scattering. (kembrel.com)
  • The fovea is a specialized retinal area that supports the highest visual acuity. (kembrel.com)
  • Histologic features of a normal fovea comprise a central area exclusively containing cones with elongated outer segments (OS) underlying a capillary-free zone and surrounded by separation of inner retinal layers. (kembrel.com)
  • The extremely high density of cone receptors in the fovea , and the one-to- one relationship with bipolar cells and retinal ganglion cells (see earlier), endows this region (and the cone system generally) with the capacity to mediate high visual acuity. (nih.gov)
  • The spectral region of greatest concern constitutes the retinal hazard region , extending from about 400 nanometers (violet color) to 1400 nanometers (near-infrared), including the entire visible portion of the electromagnetic radiation spectrum. (microscopyu.com)
  • Visual feedback provides the positional error and retinal slip velocity, needed to realign the fovea with the target through corrective saccades and smooth pursuit. (eneuro.org)
  • Macular telangiectasia (Mac Tel) leads to abnormalities of capillaries of the fovea or perifoveal region associated with loss outer nuclear layers and ellipsoid zone that can progress to cystic cavitation-like changes in all retinal layers, or development of full-thickness macular hole or subretinal neovascularization in advanced stages. (aao.org)
Rods5
  • The center of the fovea is the foveola - about 0.35 mm in diameter - or central pit where only cone photoreceptors are present and there are virtually no rods. (wikipedia.org)
  • Starting at the outskirts of the fovea, however, rods gradually appear, and the absolute density of cone receptors progressively decreases. (wikipedia.org)
  • The increased density of cones in the fovea is accompanied by a sharp decline in the density of rods. (nih.gov)
  • It is also the reason why disorders that affect the functioning of the fovea have such devastating effects on sight (see Box C ). Conversely, the exclusion of rods from the fovea, and their presence in high density away from the fovea, explain why the threshold for detecting a light stimulus is lower outside the region of central vision. (nih.gov)
  • Even if that was the question, you failed to mention that rods are absent from the fovea which would most definitely be part of the supposed marking guideline. (boredofstudies.org)
Avascular2
  • Within the fovea is a region of 0.5mm diameter called the foveal avascular zone (an area without any blood vessels). (wikipedia.org)
  • This central avascular region is known as the foveal avascular zone (FAZ). (kembrel.com)
Anatomical3
  • Anatomical perifovea: Region between parafovea (2.5mm) and edge of macula GCL has 2-4 layers of cells. (wikipedia.org)
  • This region is also called the anatomical blind spot. (histology-world.com)
  • With regard to the relationship between structure and function in patients with glaucoma, attention has been focused on the possibility of improving the diagnosis by correcting the anatomical position of the fovea and optic disc centre. (bmj.com)
Periphery1
  • brownish red petaloid lesions were present around the fovea, the periphery was without pathological findings. (bvsalud.org)
Photoreceptors2
  • No photoreceptors are in this region, giving rise to the blind spot . (wikipedia.org)
  • As soon as we move beyond the fovea, i.e., the eccentricity increases, the density of photoreceptors drops sharply. (sigarch.org)
Maximum visual acuity1
Foveola2
  • At the center of the fovea lies the foveola, which is 0.35 mm in size with a depressed center known as the umbo. (kembrel.com)
  • In fact, the central 300 µm of the fovea, called the foveola , is totally rod-free. (nih.gov)
Macula2
  • The fovea is a pitted structure in the center of the macula. (kembrel.com)
  • When the model is in the upright position on its base simulating a flat sleeping position the particles settle on the macula in the region of the fovea. (guldenophthalmics.com)
Pigment epithelium1
  • This central region of the fovea is therefore dependent on the underlying choroid and pigment epithelium for oxygenation and metabolic sustenance. (nih.gov)
Cone cells2
  • The increased number of cone cells in this region allows for the increased visual acuity in humans. (boredofstudies.org)
  • 95% of cone cells are concentrated at eccentricity of around 0°, a.k.a., fovea. (sigarch.org)
Blood vessels1
  • The high spatial density of cones along with the absence of blood vessels at the fovea accounts for the high visual acuity capability at the fovea. (wikipedia.org)
Spatial1
  • Taken together, our data support the existence of a pursuit system for auditory head-tracking, which would suggest the presence of a neural representation of a spatial auditory fovea (AF). (eneuro.org)
Perifovea4
  • The fovea is surrounded by the parafovea belt and the perifovea outer region. (wikipedia.org)
  • the perifovea is the outermost region where the ganglion cell layer contains two to four layers of cells, and is where visual acuity is below the optimum. (wikipedia.org)
  • The perifovea contains an even more diminished density of cones, having 12 per 100 micrometres versus 50 per 100 micrometres in the most central fovea. (wikipedia.org)
  • RPE hyperplasia can also be seen at the fovea or temporal perifovea. (aao.org)
Density2
  • Therefore, the acuity of foveal vision is limited only by the density of the cone mosaic, and the fovea is the area of the eye with the highest sensitivity to fine details. (wikipedia.org)
  • Beyond fovea, rod density first increases and then decreases. (sigarch.org)
Humans1
  • The fovea is responsible for sharp central vision (also called foveal vision), which is necessary in humans for activities for which visual detail is of primary importance, such as reading and driving. (wikipedia.org)
Optic1
  • We measured the optic disc margin-fovea angle (MFA) of the line connecting one point of the disc limbus and the fovea. (bmj.com)
Foveal vision1
  • With normal foveal vision, the oculomotor system continually brings targets of interest onto the fovea with saccadic eye-movements. (visionsciences.org)
Auditory1
  • In contrast, activity in the left posterior superior temporal sulcus (STS), a region previously associated with auditory pitch categorization, is greater when listeners direct attention to target pitch rather than target location. (frontiersin.org)
Cavity3
  • The region behind the lens is the vitreal cavity. (histology-world.com)
  • The fovea ethmoidalis, or the roof of the ethmoid cavity, continues laterally from the cribriform plate. (medscape.com)
  • The cribriform plate may be more than 1 cm lower than the roof of the ethmoid cavity (fovea ethmoidalis), and it is made of extremely thin bone compared with the relatively thick bone of the lateral fovea ethmoidalis. (medscape.com)
Temporal3
  • Patients can develop subretinal neovascularization temporal to the fovea and can lead to exudates, hemorrhages and in late stages a disciform scar. (aao.org)
  • Subretinal neovascularization temporal to fovea may be seen in this disease and can be associated with exudates or hemorrhage. (aao.org)
  • Regionally, the mean BMO-MRW was lower in the crude model among AD eyes in the temporal, superotemporal, and nasal regions and higher in the inferotemporal, superonasal, and inferonasal regions. (cdc.gov)
Specialization1
  • Recent findings open the door to a new perspective on the encoding of visual space and other features by cortical circuits, one that emphasizes specialization of cortical circuits for processing different stimulus features in different regions of visual space. (frontiersin.org)
Area6
  • The ILM is 1.5 μ m thick in the peripheral foveal area and is thickest in this region [ 1 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • We counted the total number of choroidal abnormalities in an area within a 55° angle centered on the fovea and the total number of Lisch nodules on the iris by slit-lamp examination. (dovepress.com)
  • One of the authors (SM) counted the total number of choroidal abnormalities in an area within a 55° angle centered on the fovea and of Lisch nodules on the iris by slit-lamp biomicroscopic examination under masking to other patient characteristics. (dovepress.com)
  • With progression of the disease, an increased scotoma can be perceived with decreased visual acuity as this entity affects the fovea and perifoveal area. (aao.org)
  • Twenty of 50 eyes were affected by mild DR. En face OCT angiography were examined for the MNV lesion area (mm2), the MNV flow area (mm2), the central macular thickness (CMT) and the BCVA. (bvsalud.org)
  • 2. Have non-subfoveal (defined as not involving the center point of the fovea) GA secondary to AMD with an area measuring 2.5 mm2 to 17.5 mm2 (1 and 7 disc areas respectively), determined by the CRC from screening images of FAF and SD-OCT. (who.int)
Corrective1
  • Bifocals , Bifocals are eyeglasses whose corrective lenses each contain regions with two distinct optical powers. (fortworth2020.com)
Macular region2
  • The ellipsoid zone (EZ) in the macular region was disrupted in eight eyes (80%) of which seven were fovea sparing. (nih.gov)
  • 4. Any prior thermal laser in the macular region, regardless of indication. (who.int)
Centre2
  • These huge numbers of black holes are all crammed into the the galactic centre in a region about 6 light years across. (thenakedscientists.com)
  • RÉSUMÉ Nous avons évalué les causes des déficiences visuelles et de la cécité chez 694 patients diabétiques ayant consulté dans notre centre des soins oculaires à Sanaa (Yémen) entre 2001 et 2005 en examinant leur dossier médical. (who.int)
Center2
  • This anatomy is responsible for the depression in the center of the fovea. (wikipedia.org)
  • In the center of this region is the cribriform plate, through which the olfactory tracts pass. (medscape.com)
Visual4
  • In such maps, the foveal region is vastly overrepresented, leading to a distorted representation of visual space. (jneurosci.org)
  • Eye movements must also be sensitive to high-level decisions about which regions of the environment deserve immediate attention and visual analysis. (visionsciences.org)
  • rather than how response properties might differ for different regions of visual space. (frontiersin.org)
  • The low peripheral vision doesn't quite affect how computer systems are designed for PCs and smartphones, since the visual content coming from their displays will mostly fall in the fovea. (sigarch.org)
Vision1
  • The peripheral vision around the fovea is typically blurred, containing much less detail. (nvidia.com)
Gaze3
  • VRS foveated rendering takes advantage of this quirk of human perception to render with higher-quality at the gaze location while rendering at reduced quality in the peripheral region. (nvidia.com)
  • Because of this configuration, our eyes move constantly to shift our gaze and fixate on or align a region of interest to the fovea so we can perceive it in greater detail. (databasefootball.com)
  • One method of examining eye movement complexity is gaze entropy which provides a quantitative estimation of where we look (SGE: stationary gaze entropy) and the pattern with which our eyes move between different regions of what we are looking at (GTE: gaze transition entropy). (databasefootball.com)
Separates1
  • The fovea is a groove that separates the styloid from the ulnar head (see Clinical Presentation for a brief discussion of the ulnar fovea sign). (medscape.com)
Fibers2
  • In the region of the anterior median fissure of the cord and the median raphé of the hindbrain, corresponding to the Boden-platte of His, the neuroglia maintains its primitive ependymal type of simple radial fibers extending from the lumen to the surface of the tube. (edu.au)
  • It is this region that is traversed by the fibers of the anterior white commissure of the cord and the transverse arcuate fibers of the hindbrain. (edu.au)
Light1
  • Cones in the central fovea express opsins that are sensitive to green and red light. (wikipedia.org)
Anterior3
  • The skull base can be subdivided into 3 regions: the anterior, middle, and posterior cranial fossae. (medscape.com)
  • A) Anterior body region. (ugent.be)
  • B) Surface view of the anterior body region. (ugent.be)
Human2
  • The human eye only notices maximum details within a very narrow region in the eye, called the fovea. (nvidia.com)
  • Diagrammatic cross section through the human fovea. (nih.gov)
Layers1