Found in biological membranes. Medical search. Frequent questions

This provides the added benefits of adjustable membrane permeability and metal capture efficiency. (nih.gov)
The most selective membranes - those with very specific criteria for what may pass through - suffer with low permeability for the working ion in a battery, which limits the battery's power and energy efficiency. (materialstoday.com)
To overcome the trade-offs between membrane selectivity and permeability, researchers are developing ways to increase the solubility and mobility of ions within the membrane, therefore allowing a higher number of them to transit through the membrane more rapidly. (materialstoday.com)
In Specific Aim 2, we will address the hypothesis that the cis double bond at position 9 of the fatty acid chain plays a critical role in determining the physicochemical properties of the membranes, including fluidity, cholesterol-binding, and permeability, and that this is responsible for the differential biological effects of the c9t11 and t10c12 CLA isomers. (nih.gov)

The membrane serves as both an insulator and a diffusion barrier to the movement of ions. (wikipedia.org)
Transmembrane proteins, also known as ion transporter or ion pump proteins, actively push ions across the membrane and establish concentration gradients across the membrane, and ion channels allow ions to move across the membrane down those concentration gradients. (wikipedia.org)
By increasing the transport rate of Li + ions with lithiophilic coordination sites, and keeping the membrane surface electrochemically active to polysulfides, the team succeeded in drastically decreasing electrolyte volumes and increasing the sulfur loading. (nanowerk.com)
As a result, by imparting ion-selective channels, enzymatic activity and adhesion properties, the team's EPL-rGO membrane can speed up the transport of desired ions (Li + ) while blocking others (polysulfides) and enzymatically breaking them down - i.e., act as a redox mediator. (nanowerk.com)
We design DNA based ion channels to transport metal ions and drugs across biological membranes. (iacs.res.in)
Illustration of caged lithium ions in a new polymer membrane for lithium batteries. (materialstoday.com)
For example, membranes separating the two terminals in a battery help to prevent short circuits while still allowing the transport of the charged particles, or ions, needed to maintain the flow of electricity. (materialstoday.com)
Now, as reported in a paper in Nature , a team of researchers has designed a polymer membrane with molecular cages built into its pores to hold positively charged ions from a lithium salt. (materialstoday.com)
The team, led by researchers at the US Department of Energy (DOE)'s Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (Berkeley Lab), found that solvation cages increased the flow of lithium ions through the membrane by an order of magnitude compared to standard membranes. (materialstoday.com)
In particular, JCESR provided the motivation to understand how ions are solvated in the porous polymer membranes used in energy storage devices, Helms said. (materialstoday.com)
To pinpoint the design for a cage in a membrane that would solvate lithium ions, Helms and his team looked to a widely practiced drug-discovery process. (materialstoday.com)
Reversing that approach, the team hypothesized that by building and screening large libraries of membranes with diverse pore structures, it would be possible to identify a cage to temporarily hold lithium ions. (materialstoday.com)
Then, working with Kee Sung Han and Karl Mueller at the Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, a DOE user facility at Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Baran and Helms revealed, using advanced nuclear magnetic resonance techniques, how lithium ions flow within the polymer membrane, compared with other ions in the battery. (materialstoday.com)
Not only do the solvation cages increase the concentration of lithium ions in the membrane, but the lithium ions in the membrane diffuse faster than their counter anions,' said Baran, referring to the negatively charged particles that are associated with the lithium salt when it enters the membrane. (materialstoday.com)
Studies by other groups have linked unusual forms of migraine to proteins involved in transporting ions across membranes. (nih.gov)
While lipid-soluble molecules may cross biological membranes passively down a concentration gradient without the aid of transport proteins, ions and other molecules must utilize channels or facilitative transporters to passively cross the membrane down a concentration gradient. (physiologyweb.com)
Ion channels are specialized proteins found in cell membranes, which facilitate the movement of specific ions across the plasma membrane. (spandidos-publications.com)

Elucidating molecular mechanisms by which lipids regulate protein function within biological membranes is critical for understanding the many cellular processes. (nih.gov)
As lipids constitute the building blocks of the plasma membrane, which, during maturation, need to adapt to the environment for migration and DC-T cell interaction, we performed an unbiased high-throughput lipidomics screening to identify the lipidome of moDCs. (frontiersin.org)
These analyses revealed that the overall lipid composition was significantly changed during moDC maturation, even implying an increase of storage lipids and differences of the relative abundance of membrane lipids upon maturation. (frontiersin.org)
The analysis of cholesterol and lipids transfer shows the advantages of combining the methods of RSE and vesicle fusion to prepare tBLMs solid-supported membrane models. (nmi3.eu)

Almost all plasma membranes have an electrical potential across them, with the inside usually negative with respect to the outside. (wikipedia.org)
By mimicking a biological cell plasma membrane, i.e. the membrane that separates the interior of the cell from the outside environment and regulates the transport of materials entering and exiting the cell, Jovanović and his co-researchers have demonstrated that a 2D reduced graphene oxide membrane can regulate these polysulfides. (nanowerk.com)
Schematic depicting the analogy between a plasma membrane and the EPL-rGO membrane. (nanowerk.com)
The team reported their findings in Cell Reports Physical Science ( 'Mimicking a cell plasma membrane to regulate dynamic polysulfide chemistry for a practical lithium-sulfur battery' ). (nanowerk.com)
Very often, liposomes are unstable in biological systems by unspecific interactions with plasma membranes or serum proteins and sequestration by the reticuloendothelial system. (medscape.com)
In platelets the protein resides on a compartment that is not mobilized to the plasma membrane on calcium or thrombin stimulation. (nih.gov)
The plasma membrane H + -ATPase is a proton pump of the P-type ATPase family and essential in plants and fungi. (rcsb.org)
Insertion of helix-forming segments into the membrane and their association determines the structure, function, and expression levels of all plasma membrane proteins. (elifesciences.org)
Dr. Farnoud's research is focused on biological interactions of engineered nanomaterials, primarily their interactions with the cell plasma membrane. (rsc.org)
Your recent Emerging Investigator Series paper focuses Interactions of Engineered Nanomaterials with the Cell Plasma Membranes. (rsc.org)
However, I have gradually become more and more interested in nanoparticle interactions with the cell plasma membrane. (rsc.org)
I have noticed that while a number of mechanistic studies on nanoparticle-plasma membrane interactions exist, they have primarily focused on changing particle properties while using simplistic membrane models. (rsc.org)
An important example of facilitative transporters is the glucose transporters (GLUT) found in the plasma membrane of all cells of the body. (physiologyweb.com)
Learn about the amazing and versatile barrier that surrounds all of your cells: the plasma membrane! (khanacademy.org)
Learn about passive transport mechanisms, in which molecules travel across the plasma membrane by moving down their concentration gradients (no energy expenditure required). (khanacademy.org)
Learn how they accomplish this feat, and how cells transport other large molecules across the plasma membrane. (khanacademy.org)

During Drosophila oogenesis, localization of the transforming growth factor α (TGFα)-like signaling molecule Gurken to the oocyte membrane is required for polarity establishment of the egg and embryo. (princeton.edu)

All animal cells are surrounded by a membrane composed of a lipid bilayer with proteins embedded in it. (wikipedia.org)

The researchers developed antimicrobial molecules dubbed peptoids that target the lipid phosphatidylserine found in the membrane of viruses. (acs.org)
But they were surprised to find that the molecules were active against all the enveloped viruses they tested, including those that cause Zika, chikungunya, and Rift Valley fever. (acs.org)
Membranes that allow certain molecules to pass quickly through while blocking others are key enablers for energy technologies ranging from batteries and fuel cells to resource refinement and water purification. (materialstoday.com)
In drug discovery, it's common to build and screen large libraries of small molecules with diverse structures to pinpoint one that binds to a biological molecule of interest. (materialstoday.com)
This pH difference acts as a signal that triggers the movement of the design molecules, thereby enabling them to disrupt the endosome membrane. (sciencedaily.com)
They looked for three biological features that indicate the presence of life: cell membranes, proteins, and immunological molecules. (insidescience.org)
Only a limited number of molecules can cross biological membranes without the aid of transport proteins . (physiologyweb.com)
Find out here, and learn more about the basic principles of probability that underlie movement of water and other molecules in biological systems. (khanacademy.org)

6 They regulate, among many other functions, signal transduction, transport across the membrane and secretion. (creation.com)
Membranes also transport a myriad of components, such as drugs in the blood, detersive when we wash the dishes, and signal transduction in biosensors. (nmi3.eu)
Through these interactions, PH domains play a role in recruiting proteins to different membranes, thus targeting them to appropriate cellular compartments or enabling them to interact with other components of the signal transduction pathways. (embl.de)

The nature of protein and membrane intermediates and the sequence of membrane remodeling during these essential processes remain poorly understood. (nih.gov)
We hypothesize that the maturation of DCs is well prepared and optimized leading to processes that alter various cellular characteristics from mechanics and metabolism to membrane properties. (frontiersin.org)
includes changes that result from chemical and physical as well as biological processes. (nationalacademies.org)
Researchers can create lipid bilayers in vitro to investigate the physical and chemical processes that occur in biological membranes. (nmi3.eu)
Before we go into the discussions of various aerobic biological treatment processes, it is important to briefly discuss the terms aerobic and anaerobic. (imemflo.com)
We are particularly interested in processes of transmembrane transport and signaling, and in the relationship between protein structure and mechanism and the morphology and lipid composition of the membrane. (nih.gov)
Membrane proteins mediate numerous essential processes in living cells, such as the import and metabolism of nutrients and the transmission of chemical signals between and within cells. (nih.gov)
A better understanding of pathophysiology of diseases and the underlying biological processes of diseases combined with explosive development of genomics and proteomics have been instrumental in the birth of this new paradigm. (iospress.nl)

A new study has modeled a crucial first step in the self-assembly of cellular structures such as drug receptors and other protein complexes, and found that the flexibility of the structures has a dramatic impact on how fast they join together. (princeton.edu)
Protein-mediated membrane fusion is an essential step in many fundamental biological events, including enveloped virus infection. (nih.gov)
By following the population kinetics of membrane fusion intermediates imaged by cryo-ET, we found that membrane remodeling commenced with the hemagglutinin fusion protein spikes grappling onto the target membrane, followed by localized target membrane dimpling as local clusters of hemagglutinin started to undergo conformational refolding. (nih.gov)
Among 10 participants with high prenatal lead exposure, we found evidence of an inverse relationship between umbilical cord lead concentration and expression of ADAM metallopeptidase domain 9 ( ADAM9 ), reticulon 4 ( RTN4 ), and low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein associated protein 1 ( LRPAP1 ) genes, whose products are believed to affect Aβ production and deposition. (nih.gov)
I demonstrate this goal by developing different methods and devices to (1) separate membrane bound proteins with the use of microfluidics, (2) use optical technology to make fiber optic cables into protein sensors, (3) generate new fluidic devices using semiconductor material to manipulate single cells, and (4) develop a new genetic microfluidic based diagnostic assay that works with current PCR methodology to provide faster and cheaper results. (caltech.edu)
Synaptobrevins/VAMPs, syntaxins, and the 25-kD synaptosomal-associated protein are the main components of a protein complex involved in the docking and/or fusion of synaptic vesicles with the presynaptic membrane. (nih.gov)
This gene is a member of the vesicle-associated membrane protein (VAMP)/synaptobrevin family. (nih.gov)
However, systematic and reliable quantification of membrane-protein energetics has been challenging. (elifesciences.org)
We further quantitate the contributions to membrane-protein insertion from positively charged residues at the cytoplasm-membrane interface and reveal large and unanticipated differences among these residues. (elifesciences.org)
CKIδ codes for a different kind of protein that affects many biological pathways, which might now be studied as potential contributors to migraines. (nih.gov)
High school student Robert Luo was interested in the computational side of our work, so he's worked with senior SMU Ph.D. candidate James McCormick on trying to evaluate how strongly one of the therapy-sensitizing compounds we found potentially interacts with the pump protein at different proposed binding sites," said Wise. (smu.edu)

Membrane most commonly means a thin, selective barrier, but it is sometimes used for films that function as separators, like biological membranes. (wikipedia.org)

Abstract: DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Although the man-made trans-unsaturated fats are generally detrimental to human health, a new class of naturally occurring trans fatty acids, called conjugated linoleic acids (CLA), which are found in dairy products and meat, have been shown to have several health benefits. (nih.gov)

The incorporation of stimuli-responsive acrylic polymers (polyacrylic acid or sodium polyacrylate) in membrane pores also results in tunable pore size and ion-exchange capacity. (nih.gov)
Enveloped viruses employ specialized surface proteins to mediate fusion of cellular and viral membranes that results in the formation of pores through which the viral genetic material is delivered to the cell. (nih.gov)
Amorphous Sn oxides are found near the alumina film, cause more shrinkage pores, initiate cracks and deteriorate mechanical properties. (preprints.org)

Membrane proteins probably make up the majority of all proteins found in the cell. (creation.com)

Physiology Illustration: Transport across biological membranes. (physiologyweb.com)

Membrane potential (also transmembrane potential or membrane voltage) is the difference in electric potential between the interior and the exterior of a biological cell. (wikipedia.org)
For the exterior of the cell, typical values of membrane potential, normally given in units of milli volts and denoted as mV, range from -80 mV to -40 mV. (wikipedia.org)
First, it allows a cell to function as a battery, providing power to operate a variety of "molecular devices" embedded in the membrane. (wikipedia.org)
The membrane potential in a cell derives ultimately from two factors: electrical force and diffusion. (wikipedia.org)
Dr Mahdokht Shaibani, a co-author on this work, adds: 'As far as we can ascertain, our work demonstrates the first reported lithium-sulfur pouch cell employing permselective membranes, indicating the tremendous efforts required to design this critical component of the lithium-sulfur battery at large scales and in a reliable fashion. (nanowerk.com)
For influenza virus, the trimeric hemagglutinin (HA) glycoprotein spike mediates host cell attachment and membrane fusion. (nih.gov)
They are often found on or in the cell or tissue membranes and participate in a variety of biological activities. (harvard.edu)
you can hardly find an area where cell phones have not saturated the market, yet there is a significant lack of breakthroughs in the development to integrate the computer with biological environments. (caltech.edu)
The cell membrane of most living beings is constituted of a lipid bilayer that separates the cell from its surroundings. (nmi3.eu)
The pumps that do the work are proteins that span the cell membranes and use the biological fuel ATP to actively pump chemotherapeutics and other toxins out of the cells. (smu.edu)
Wise and Vogel use a combination of computational, biochemical and human cell-based techniques to find new drug-like compounds that inhibit the action of the pumps. (smu.edu)
The cell membranes, for example, are more resistant to degradation but aren't diagnostic for a given species like certain proteins are. (insidescience.org)
It is an indispensable substance of animal tissue cells, which is not only involved in the formation of cell membranes, but also as the precursor for the synthesis of bile acids, steroid hormones and vitamin D3. (leaderbio-ingredients.com)
The main physiological function of cholesterol participating in forming cell membranes, myelin, brain, and can be further converted to bile acids and steroid hormones. (leaderbio-ingredients.com)

In neurons, the factors that influence the membrane potential are diverse. (wikipedia.org)
We wanted to tweak the property of vanadium dioxide so that it retains some memory of how close it is to the transition temperature so that we can begin to mimic what is happening at the synapse of biological neurons. (scitechdaily.com)
Bioelectronic medicine is driving the need for neuromorphic microcircuits that integrate raw nervous stimuli and respond identically to biological neurons. (nature.com)
The solid-state neurons are found to respond nearly identically to biological neurons under stimulation by a wide range of current injection protocols. (nature.com)
We found that SCI induced increased IF for both CX3CL1 and CX3CR1 in the ACC neurons of the lamina 2/3 when compared with controls. (muni.cz)

Bacterial cells grown in different environments alter their lipid composition in order to maintain a specific viscosity, and membrane viscosity has been linked to the rate of cellular respiration. (nih.gov)
In Specific Aim 1, we will use cultured hepatocytes and adipocytes to test the hypothesis that the long term effects of CLA are the result of modification of the composition and function of membrane rafts, which play critical roles in numerous cellular functions. (nih.gov)

Using confocal fluorescence microscopy, we compared tubulin binding to the membranes of giant unilamellar vesicles (GUVs) made from DOPC and DOPC/DOPE mixtures. (nih.gov)
Electron micrographs of rotary-shadowed replicas show an en face view of exocytosis and demonstrate fusion of cortical vesicles to the underlying oolemma upon addition of calcium. (rupress.org)
Cortical vesicles were found to be permeant to sucrose, glucose, and urea. (rupress.org)
These results are consistent with the idea that swelling of cortical vesicles is required for fusion of biological membranes. (rupress.org)

This methodology provides an opportunity to improve synthetic membrane performance via polymer fabrication and surface modification. (nih.gov)
By applying surface modification techniques, synthetic membranes with different functionality (carboxyl, amine, and nanoparticle-based) were obtained. (nih.gov)
In addition to the physicochemical studies with the synthetic phospholipids, we will employ molecular dynamics simulation to study the atomic level interaction of CLA with other membrane components, to test this hypothesis. (nih.gov)

On the principle of ion selectivity in Na+/H+-coupled membrane proteins: experimental and theoretical studies of an ATP synthase rotor. (nih.gov)

Researchers have long been interested in how biological structures can self-assemble according to physical laws. (princeton.edu)
The molecular simulation provides a foundation for understanding how biological structures assemble and function, according to Elia Altabet, a graduate student in Debenedetti's group, and first author on the study. (princeton.edu)
While structures of a subset of conformations and parts of the fusion machinery have been characterized, the nature and sequence of membrane deformations during fusion have largely eluded characterization. (nih.gov)

To understand the factors that determine the viscosity of a membrane, we ran equilibrium all-atom simulations of single component lipid bilayers and calculated their viscosities. (nih.gov)
There are several types of these model lipid bilayers, such as tethered Bilayer Lipid Membranes (tBLMs). (nmi3.eu)

The SMU undergraduate students and Dallas-area high school students get hands-on experience working on cancer research in the combined SMU Department of Biological Sciences laboratories of Wise and Vogel. (smu.edu)

Finally, using lipid packing imaging we found that the membrane of mature moDCs revealed a higher fluidity compared to immature moDCs. (frontiersin.org)

and iii) the study of biological systems at the nanoscale for the explicit purpose of using that information to develop nanotechnologies and nanostructured materials that will in turn benefit biology and medicine. (nih.gov)

Synthesis of membranes to provide tunable flux, metal sorption, and catalysis has been done through pore functionalization of microfiltration (MF) type membranes with responsive behavior. (nih.gov)
While their system is an initial step in mimicking a biological synapse, experiments are currently underway to introduce more dynamism in the material's behavior by controlling the kinetics of the relaxation process of vanadium dioxide, said Patrick Shamberger, professor in the materials science department and a corresponding author on the study. (scitechdaily.com)
Collaborators in the Kelly Lee lab at the UW School of Pharmacy showed that the designer proteins disrupt artificial membranes in a pH-dependent manner that mirrors the behavior of natural membrane fusion proteins. (sciencedaily.com)

Passive transport describes movement across biological membranes down a concentration gradient from the side of the membrane where the concentration is higher to the side of the membrane where the concentration is lower. (physiologyweb.com)
the free energy required to drive passive transport is provided by an existing concentration or electrochemical gradient across the membrane. (physiologyweb.com)
Secondary active transporters couple the movement of the driving ion across the membrane down its electrochemical gradient to the movement of another ion or molecule across the membrane against a concentration or electrochemical gradient. (physiologyweb.com)

Conceptually, the solvation cages in the membranes are analogous to the biological binding site targeted by small-molecule drugs. (materialstoday.com)
Cytokine arrays are an antibody-pair-based assay, analogous to ELISA, but using a membrane as a substrate rather than a plate. (abcam.com)

A neuron can remember what voltage its membrane is sitting at and depending on where its membrane voltage is with respect to the threshold, the neuron will either fire or stay dormant," said Sarbajit Banerjee, professor in the Department of Material Sciences and Engineering and the Department of Chemistry, and one of the senior authors of the study. (scitechdaily.com)
I want to get the latest chemistry news from C&EN in my inbox every week. (acs.org)

In this sense, a major advance in the use of liposomes for therapeutic applications has been the finding that the inclusion of a small proportion (˜5%) of lipid bound to hydrophilic polymer into liposomes made them 'stealth' (i.e., undetectable by the immune system). (medscape.com)
Building upon studies that focused on early stages of HA-mediated membrane remodeling, here cryo-electron tomography (cryo-ET) was used to image the three-dimensional organization of intact influenza virions at different stages of fusion with liposomes, leading all the way to completion of the fusion reaction. (nih.gov)

Because voltage-gated ion channels are controlled by the membrane potential, while the membrane potential itself is influenced by these same ion channels, feedback loops that allow for complex temporal dynamics arise, including oscillations and regenerative events such as action potentials. (wikipedia.org)
The electrical properties of biological cells have long been studied to understand the intracellular dynamics underpinning membrane voltage oscillations 1 . (nature.com)
We demonstrate the high fidelity of the analytical model to the electronics by observing nearly identical membrane voltage oscillations in response to the same current injection protocols. (nature.com)

In addition, we found that several strong gurken alleles contain point mutations in the transmembrane region. (princeton.edu)

Ion pumps and ion channels are electrically equivalent to a set of batteries and resistors inserted in the membrane, and therefore create a voltage between the two sides of the membrane. (wikipedia.org)
Recently, we have found that dimeric αβ-tubulin, a subunit of microtubules, regulates mitochondrial respiration by blocking the voltage-dependent anion channel (VDAC) of mitochondrial outer membrane. (nih.gov)
This integration increases the voltage of the neuron's membrane steadily, bringing it closer to a threshold value. (scitechdaily.com)
Ab initio analysis of a solid-state neuron (SSN) implementing these ion channels gives the equations that describe the rate of change of the membrane voltage and gate variables. (nature.com)
The new membrane could allow high-voltage battery cells to operate at higher power and more efficiently, important factors for both electric vehicles and aircraft. (materialstoday.com)

By optimizing the polymer coagulation conditions in phase inversion fabrication, spongy polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) membranes with high porosity and large internal pore volume were created in lab and full scale. (nih.gov)

Furthermore, the design approach of a reactive permselective membrane can be widely applied to a host of 2D materials and bio-polymers, opening up opportunities for future developments to further tune and control nanochannels, improve reaction kinetics, and extend the cycle life of sulfur-based batteries. (nanowerk.com)

Increasing the content of fusion-enhancing cholesterol or bis-monoacylglycerophosphate in the target membrane led to an increase in extended contact zone formation. (nih.gov)
Interestingly, hemifused intermediates were found to be extremely rare in the influenza virus fusion system studied here, most likely reflecting the instability of this state and its rapid conversion to postfusion complexes, which increased in population over time. (nih.gov)
By tracking the populations of fusion complexes over time, the architecture and sequence of membrane reorganization leading to efficient enveloped virus fusion were thus resolved. (nih.gov)
By monitoring the evolution of fusion intermediate populations over the course of acid-induced fusion, we identified the progression of membrane reorganization that leads to efficient fusion by an enveloped virus. (nih.gov)
The rate and extent of fusion are found to be calcium dependent. (rupress.org)

A polypeptide which produces a single, lowest energy folded structure will not thereby automatically provide any biological value, but such a scaffold is one prerequisite for useful function. (creation.com)
Lipid membrane viscosity is critical to biological function. (nih.gov)
The aim of our research program is to elucidate the molecular mechanisms that explain the biological function of membrane proteins, as well as the physico -chemical principles that govern their structure and organization. (nih.gov)

The assay quantifies insertion energetics for all natural amino acids at 27 positions across the membrane, revealing that the hydrophobicity of biological membranes is significantly higher than appreciated. (elifesciences.org)

We developed a deep mutational scanning method to monitor the effects of hundreds of point mutations on helix insertion and self-association within the bacterial inner membrane. (elifesciences.org)

Find out about the exciting discoveries being made by NIEHS and NIEHS-supported researchers that are helping to improve health and save lives. (nih.gov)
Biological surfaces, such as cellular membranes, are flexible, so the researchers explored how the surfaces' flexibility affected the process. (princeton.edu)
The researchers found that the speed at which the two surfaces snap together depended greatly on flexibility. (princeton.edu)
Flexibility was key to ensuring that the tube expanded, the researchers found. (princeton.edu)
To investigate the gene's effects on the body, the researchers created transgenic mice with the same CKIδ mutation found in the original family. (nih.gov)
The researchers and students are working to find ways to treat cancer patients whose cancer has either returned after initial chemotherapy or was initially hard to treat using chemotherapeutics. (smu.edu)
After excluding signatures from Earth's animal kingdom to rule out contamination from the researchers, the analysis picked up only 20 life-indicating proteins, reflecting the limited biological activity during the Triassic-Jurassic transition. (insidescience.org)

The equilibrium and dynamic binding capacity of these functionalized spongy membranes were studied via calcium ion-exchange. (nih.gov)

They exploit the excellent monovalent Li + transport properties of a unique elastic polymer liquid (EPL) to construct a composite laminar rGO-based membrane, called EPL-rGO. (nanowerk.com)
These functionalities provide an opportunity to fine-tune the membrane surface properties such as charge and reactivity. (nih.gov)
Here, we investigated the mechanical properties of monocyte-derived dendritic cells (moDCs) using real-time deformability cytometry to measure cytoskeletal changes and found that mature moDCs were stiffer compared to immature moDCs. (frontiersin.org)
In my group, we have focused on not only on the role of nanoparticle properties, but also on understanding the role of the membrane model in regulating nanoparticle-membrane interactions. (rsc.org)

biological environments and experiments tend to need aqueous environments. (caltech.edu)

Here, we show that the mechanism of VDAC blockage by tubulin involves tubulin interaction with the membrane as a critical step. (nih.gov)

While models are very useful to tease out the underlying phenomena governing nanoparticle-membrane interactions, it is important to make sure that findings from models will be relevant in cells. (rsc.org)

Cytidine-diphosphate diacylglycerol (CDP-DG) is a precursor for the biosynthesis of many biological phospholipids including PI, PG, and PS. (avantilipids.com)

The difficulty of measuring microscopic parameters that control the dynamics of ionic currents 2 and the nonlinearity of ionic conductances 3 has hampered so far theoretical efforts to build quantitative computational models and subsequently neuromorphic devices replicating the exact response of a biological neuron. (nature.com)
A biologically accurate neuromorphic design is therefore needed, whose mathematical model is compatible with nonlinear optimization, and that responds identically to a biological neuron under any current injection. (nature.com)

The main reason for that is that the Li + ion transport is severely limited, meaning the reactions are slow, and the polysulfides tend to accumulate on the membrane surface. (nanowerk.com)
Transport across biological membranes. (physiologyweb.com)
Transport across the membrane may be passive or active . (physiologyweb.com)
Membrane transport proteins are also crucial for the survival of multidrug-resistant pathogenic bacteria and cancer cells, and are therefore promising pharmaceutical targets. (nih.gov)

In excitable cells, a sufficiently large depolarization can evoke an action potential, in which the membrane potential changes rapidly and significantly for a short time (on the order of 1 to 100 milliseconds), often reversing its polarity. (wikipedia.org)

Conclusions: Data from our exploratory study suggest that prenatal lead exposure may influence Aβ-related biological pathways that have been implicated in AD onset. (nih.gov)

The finding offers insight into the mechanisms of migraines and provides a new avenue for exploring treatment options. (nih.gov)

The results showed that these dynamic proteins move as intended and can use their pH-dependent movement to disrupt lipid membranes, including those on the endosome, an important compartment inside cells. (sciencedaily.com)

Various glycerophosphate-based phospholipids are major components of biological membranes. (avantilipids.com)
Neoplastic lymphatic tissue has been found to play an active role in the consumption of C1-INH and the complement components of the classic pathway. (medscape.com)
Another important finding is that it is possible to transfer several components, including phospholipids, simultaneously. (nmi3.eu)

The bill, if enacted, would provide other transactions authority to the NIH Director for "high-impact cutting edge research that fosters scientific creativity and increases fundamental biological understanding leading to prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of diseases and disorders, or research urgently required to respond to a public health threat. (nih.gov)

Follow-up experiments conducted in Jennifer Lippincott-Schwartz's lab at HHMI's Janelia Research Campus showed that the proteins also disrupt endosomal membranes in mammalian cells. (sciencedaily.com)

Cholesterol is widely found and distributed in animal bodies, and is especially most abundant in the brain and nerve tissue. (leaderbio-ingredients.com)

So far, permselective membranes have been explored in the literature at largely impractical parameters: very low active materials loadings and high electrolyte volumes means these batteries have only ever demonstrated low energy densities. (nanowerk.com)

These membranes offer a series of advantages that make them suitable for research: they have few defects, increase the stability of supported membranes, and are highly resistant to electricity. (nmi3.eu)

In non-excitable cells, and in excitable cells in their baseline states, the membrane potential is held at a relatively stable value, called the resting potential. (wikipedia.org)
Critical conditions for origination of a source of periodical sequence of impulses in excitable medium were found. (nih.gov)

This thesis presents a series of several microfluidic methods that can help integrate engineering and biology by exploiting nanotechnology to help push the field of microfluidics back to its intended purpose, small integrated biological and electrical devices. (caltech.edu)

Anatomy34

Organisms8

Diseases1

Chemicals and Drugs90

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment40

Phenomena and Processes74

Disciplines and Occupations9

Anthropology, Education, Sociology and Social Phenomena1

Technology, Industry, Agriculture11

Information Science7

Health Care1

Permeability4

Ions17

Lipids4

Plasma16

Signaling molecule1

Composed of a lipid bilayer1

Molecules8

Signal transduction3

Processes8

Protein11

Separators1

Abstract1

Pores3

Proteins found1

Physiology1

Cell14

Neurons5

Composition2

Vesicles4

Synthetic3

Selectivity1

Structures3

Lipid bilayers2

Department of Biological Sciences1

Fluidity1

Study of biological1

Behavior3

Concentration3

Analogous2

Chemistry2

Liposomes2

Oscillations3

Transmembrane1

Voltage5

Pore1

Polymers1

Fusion5

Function3

Assay1

Bacterial1

Researchers7

Equilibrium1

Properties4

Aqueous1

Interaction1

Interactions1

Precursor1

Neuron2

Transport4

Significantly1

Pathways1

Mechanisms1

Compartment1

Components3

Fundamental biological1

Experiments1

Tissue1

Largely1

Resistant1

Excitable2

Biology1