Formation of embryoid bodies from human pluripotent stem cells. Medical search. Frequent questions

These were termed induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs). (wikipedia.org)
In vitro differentiation of GS-2 iPSCs into hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells was done using Op9 feeder layers and specified media. (biomedcentral.com)
GS-2 iPSCs showed the capacity to differentiate into cells of the hematopoietic lineage. (biomedcentral.com)
To investigate underlying disease mechanisms, induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) allow the generation of patient-derived neuronal cells in a dish. (biomedcentral.com)
The AD-iPSCs were differentiated into neuronal cells, in order to generate disease-specific protein association networks modeling the molecular pathology on the transcriptome level of AD, to analyse the reflection of the disease phenotype in gene expression in AD-iPS neuronal cells, in particular in the ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS), and to address expression of typical AD proteins. (biomedcentral.com)
We detected the expression of p-tau and GSK3B, a physiological kinase of tau, in neuronal cells derived from AD-iPSCs. (biomedcentral.com)
Treatment of neuronal cells differentiated from AD-iPSCs with an inhibitor of γ-secretase resulted in the down-regulation of p-tau. (biomedcentral.com)
Furthermore, there exist two types of pluripotent stem cells (PSCs): the human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) and induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs). (ucsd.edu)
In addition to avoiding ethical issues, iPSCs come from the patient's own cells and thus have the exact same genetic background. (ucsd.edu)
The mini-brain structures were reprogrammed into induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) using skin cells removed from three controls and four patients with schizophrenia as described in earlier publications by the UB researchers and Kristen J. Brennand of the Icahn School of Medicine at Mt. Sinai. (scienceblog.com)
Embryonic stem cells or induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) are also utilized for AKI recovery. (biomedcentral.com)
In this study, we induced iPSCs differentiation into RPCs using a nephrogenic cocktail of factors combined with the renal epithelial cell growth medium. (biomedcentral.com)
We showed that the differentiation efficiency of iPSCs to RPCs increased when cultured with renal epithelial cell growth medium after stimulation with a nephrogenic cocktail of factors. (biomedcentral.com)
Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) are a type of newly defined stem cell with properties similar to those of ESCs in terms of self-renewal and differentiation. (biomedcentral.com)
The compound can also be used in protocols for the chemical reprogramming of somatic cells to iPSCs.Shown to induce autophagy in cancer cell lines via a mechanism independent of AMPK inhibition. (tocris.com)
Also used in a protocol to generate brain organoids from human iPSCs. (tocris.com)
Histone acetylation has been implicated to be important for the pluripotent cell state, as some HDAC inhibitors have been shown to improve reprogramming efficiency of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) or maintain a pluripotent stem cell state. (biomedcentral.com)
The field of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) has been around for 10 years. (addgene.org)
The generation of iPSCs is relatively simple in concept: ectopically express a cocktail of stem cell reprogramming factors and wait for cells to de-differentiate. (addgene.org)
Retroviral vectors , such as pMXs or pMSCV, infect dividing cells, and have a higher efficiency of generating iPSCs compared to other delivery methods. (addgene.org)

They are usually distinguished from progenitor cells, which cannot divide indefinitely, and precursor or blast cells, which are usually committed to differentiating into one cell type. (wikipedia.org)
they are vastly outnumbered by the progenitor cells and terminally differentiated cells that they differentiate into. (wikipedia.org)
In the present study, we demonstrate that functional CD34 + progenitor cells can be efficiently produced from human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) and induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) by combined modulation of 2 signaling pathways. (ashpublications.org)
hPSC-derived CD34 + progenitor cells further developed to endothelial and smooth muscle cells with functionality. (ashpublications.org)
Our results suggest that combined modulation of signaling pathways may be an efficient means of differentiating hPSCs into functional CD34 + progenitor cells. (ashpublications.org)
This review will examine the clinical potential of several stem and progenitor cells that may be utilised to regenerate defunct or damaged vasculature and restore blood flow to the ischaemic tissue. (biomedcentral.com)
In particular, we focus on the therapeutic potential of endothelial progenitor cells as an exciting new option for the treatment of ischaemic diseases. (biomedcentral.com)
Then, the plated embryoid body will generate polarized neural progenitor cells known as neural rosettes, indicating that cells are in the process of differentiating to neural tubes, or structures that usually show up in the human embryo at early stages of conception. (ucsd.edu)
They found that certain kinds of neural progenitor cells (which later become neurons) were abnormally distributed in the cortex of the mini-brains developed from patients. (scienceblog.com)
Cell-based therapy with mesenchymal stem cells or renal progenitor cells (RPCs) resident in the kidney has appeared to be an effective strategy for the treatment of AKI. (biomedcentral.com)
However, progenitor cells in the adult kidney are rare, which limits the application of these cells. (biomedcentral.com)

abstract = "The availability of pluripotent stem cells offers the possibility of using such cells to model hepatic disease and development. (elsevierpure.com)

Conventional methods for hematopoietic differentiation of human pluripotent stem cells (hPSC) rely on embryoid body (EB) formation and/or co-culture with xenogeneic cell lines. (biolamina.com)
Differentiation of human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) into functional cell types is a crucial step in cell therapy. (ashpublications.org)

Using models derived from human cells and tissues, called in vitro models, researchers designed a 3D organoid model that mimics how the human heart develops. (allmymedicine.com)
CEPT improved routine cell passaging, cryopreservation/thawing of pluripotent and differentiated cells, embryoid body and organoid formation, single-cell cloning, genome editing, and new iPSC line generation. (labroots.com)
This identical genetic makeup of the stem cells makes the brain organoid more representative of the patients' specific disorder, in contrast to an organoid from a random embryo. (ucsd.edu)
An organoid is a 3D organization of cells that can recapitulate some of the structure and function of native tissue. (mdpi.com)
the recent advances in induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) technology and in 3-dimensional cerebral organoid culturing procedures - able to reconstitute brain structures in vitro - provide new avenues for studying nervous tissue formation. (sysfate.org)
Cell Reports 2016) assessed during 60 days of H9 hES-derived cerebral organoid cultures (EB, embryoid bodies). (sysfate.org)

Take an in vitro approach to human neural biomarker discovery and central nervous system (CNS) permeability with human pluripotent stem cell (hPSC)-derived organoids patterned to the choroid plexus, the specialized brain epithelium that forms the blood-cerebrospinal fluid barrier. (stemcell.com)
Xian Wu et al, Cardiac Development in the Presence of Cadmium: An in Vitro Study Using Human Embryonic Stem Cells and Cardiac Organoids, Environmental Health Perspectives (2022). (allmymedicine.com)
Before talking about the details of brain organoids, it is essential to learn more about stem cells. (ucsd.edu)
There are three major types of stem cells, two of which are of particular interest for developing brain organoids: totipotent and pluripotent. (ucsd.edu)
The only limitation is that pluripotent stem cells cannot develop into placenta due to the timing of differentiation in the embryo, but this does not interfere with their ability to form brain organoids. (ucsd.edu)
Due to the self-assembly nature of stem cells, the following steps towards brain organoids are more straightforward. (ucsd.edu)
The requirements for the successful culture of organoids in vitro differ significantly from those of traditional monolayer cell cultures. (mdpi.com)
We mimic this process in the laboratory with stem cells, focused specifically on developing the cerebral organoids that resemble the developing human brain in its earliest stages of growth," he says. (scienceblog.com)
After being removed, placed on a different substrate and provided with other chemicals and nutrients, these neuroectoderm cells grow under kinetic (constantly moving) conditions, eventually developing into organoids, or mini-brains, containing brain ventricles, a cortex and a region similar to the brain stem. (scienceblog.com)
Recent breakthroughs in human pluripotent stem cell-derived cerebral organoids provide a valuable platform for investigating the human brain after different drugs treatments and for understanding the complex genetic background to human pathology. (frontiersin.org)
Here, we identified tranylcypromine, which is used to treat refractory depression, caused human-induced pluripotent stem cell-derived brain organoids neurotoxicity, leading to decreased proliferation activity and apoptosis induction. (frontiersin.org)
These results show that human brain organoids can be applied as an in vitro model for CNS drug screening to evaluate structural, cellular, and molecular changes in the normal brains or brains of patients with neuropsychiatric disorders after drug treatments. (frontiersin.org)
Recent breakthroughs in human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs)-derived cerebral organoids offer a promising approach for investigating the mystery of human brain ( 19 ). (frontiersin.org)
The cerebral organoids, which can mimic the endogenous development of human brain, have been applied to different studies as in vitro models for a wide range of brain diseases ( 16 , 21 , 22 ). (frontiersin.org)
Moreover, 3D human brain organoids show great potential to investigating psychiatric disease origin and pathology, as well as drug screening and genetic modifications ( 19 ). (frontiersin.org)

The defining characteristics of pluripotent stem cells, which include embryonic stem (ES) cells and induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells, are straightforward: their ability to self-renew and differentiate into ectoderm, mesoderm, and endoderm germ layers. (genengnews.com)
The most widely accepted method for determining whether a population of cells is truly pluripotent is the teratoma assay, that is, verifying in vivo a cell population's ability to differentiate into each of the three germ layers via teratoma formation in mice. (genengnews.com)
In multicellular organisms, stem cells are undifferentiated or partially differentiated cells that can differentiate into various types of cells and proliferate indefinitely to produce more of the same stem cell. (wikipedia.org)
In vivo, they eventually differentiate into all of the body's cell types (making them pluripotent). (wikipedia.org)
They exist to replenish rapidly lost cell types and are multipotent or unipotent, meaning they only differentiate into a few cell types or one type of cell. (wikipedia.org)
Since 1998 however, it has been possible to culture and differentiate human embryonic stem cells (in stem-cell lines). (wikipedia.org)
Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSC) express genes associated with pluripotency, have the capacity for infinite expansion, and can differentiate into cells from all three germ layers. (biomedcentral.com)
Human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) derived from an early embryo can self-renew indefinitely and differentiate into a variety of cell types. (ashpublications.org)
Stem cells can differentiate into many specialized cell types ( Source ). (ucsd.edu)
After stem cells are obtained, they can spontaneously differentiate into desired cell types when given a few proper treatments. (ucsd.edu)
For a few weeks, the researchers fed the stem cells nutrients, glucose, acids and growth factors that enabled the development and formation of so-called embryoid bodies, which contain the first recognizable stage where tissues begin to differentiate. (scienceblog.com)
They showed that once the cells attached themselves to this substrate, they began to differentiate into hollow cysts composed entirely of amnion - a tough extraembryonic tissue that holds the amniotic fluid. (newswise.com)
Like virally-induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells, FMOD reprogrammed (FReP) cells express pluripotency markers, form embryoid bodies (EBs), and differentiate into ectoderm, mesoderm, and endoderm derivatives in vitro. (ca.gov)
Adult stem cell -An undifferentiated cell found in a differentiated tissue that can renew itself and (with certain limitations) differentiate to yield all the specialized cell types of the tissue from which it originated. (cellmedicine.com)
Cell-based therapies -treatment in which stem cells are induced to differentiate into the specific cell type required to repair damaged or depleted adult cell populations or tissues. (cellmedicine.com)
Embryonic or adult SCs by definition are characterized by their self-renewal and potentiality, peculiarities that allow them to give rise to more SCs and differentiate into various cell lineages under appropriate conditions. (biomedcentral.com)
According to their potentiality, embryonic stem cells (ESCs) are classified as totipotent and pluripotent, both of them can differentiate into the three germ lines. (biomedcentral.com)
ESCs are obtained from inner cell mass, characterized by unlimited self-renewal and pluripotentiality, which allow them to differentiate into various specialized cells types in a morphologically and functionally way, characteristics that make them attractive for developing differentiated kidney cells (DKCs) [ 9 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
We explore the recently described metabolic surge event that occurs as pluripotency is lost and stem cells commit to differentiate. (conditionmed.org)
Pluripotent embryonic stem cells (ESCs) have the unique ability to differentiate into every cell type and to self-renew. (biomedcentral.com)

However, when they are isolated and cultured in vitro, they can be kept in the stem-cell stage and are known as embryonic stem cells (ESCs). (wikipedia.org)
Stem cells, including embryonic stem cells (ESCs) and adult stem cells, have the potential of self-renewal and differentiation into multiple cell types and therefore hold great promise in regenerative medicine [ 11 - 13 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
However, the use of ESCs for human therapy raises several safety and ethical concerns. (biomedcentral.com)
Dorsomorphin dihydrochloride also inhibits bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) type I receptors (ALK2, ALK3 and ALK6), promotes cardiomyogenesis in mouse embryonic stem cells (ESCs) in vitro and promotes neural differentiation of hPSCs as part of a chemical cocktail. (tocris.com)
Here, we present a quantitative and comprehensive study of the abundance levels of histone PTMs during the differentiation of mouse embryonic stem cells (ESCs) using mass spectrometry (MS). We observed dynamic changes of histone PTMs including increased H3K9 methylation levels in agreement with previously reported results. (biomedcentral.com)
Genome-wide ChIP-seq mapping showed that Brd4 and H4 acetylation are co-occupied in the genome, upstream of core pluripotency genes such as Oct4 and Nanog in ESCs and lineage-specific genes in embryoid bodies (EBs). (biomedcentral.com)
Embryonic stem cells (ESCs) are self-renewing, pluripotent cells derived from the inner cell mass (ICM) of a blastocyst [ 1 , 2 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Deletion of HP1β, but not HP1α, in ESCs provokes a loss of the morphological and proliferative characteristics of embryonic pluripotent cells, reduces expression of pluripotency factors and causes aberrant differentiation. (biomedcentral.com)
The minor fraction of HP1β that is chromatin-bound in ESCs is enriched within exons, unlike the situation in differentiated cells, where it binds heterochromatic satellite repeats and chromocenters. (biomedcentral.com)
We demonstrate an unexpected duality in the role of HP1β: it is essential in ESCs for maintaining pluripotency, while it is required for proper differentiation in differentiated cells. (biomedcentral.com)
Embryonic stem cells (ESCs), derived from the blastocyst-stage embryo, are capable of generating all cell types of the mammalian body (pluripotency) and of maintaining the capacity for indefinite self-renewal without compromising their genomic integrity. (biomedcentral.com)

In addition, they show efficient terminal maturation and generation of mature enucleated RBCs using a co-culture system that comprised primary human mesenchymal stromal cells. (biolamina.com)
Bone marrow stromal cells -A stem cell found in bone marrow that generates bone, cartilage, fat, and fibrous connective tissue. (cellmedicine.com)
We differentiated hiPSCs directly into mesenchymal stem /stromal cells (MSC) and chondrocytes. (mdc-berlin.de)
Adult tissue-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are showing promise in clinical trials for systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). (nature.com)

Differentiation capacity into cells from all three germ layers was confirmed using the teratoma assay. (biomedcentral.com)
Embryonic germ cells -Cells found in a specific part of the embryo/fetus called the gonadal ridge that normally develop into mature gametes. (cellmedicine.com)
The blastocyst comprises the inner cell mass (ICM), which gives rise to the three primary germ layers and consequently the fetus, and the trophectoderm (TE), which gives rise to the extraembryonic and placental tissue. (conditionmed.org)

Unlike many other kinases, GSK3B is believed to be permanently active in resting cells and in neurons without extracellular stimulation and can be inactivated by Ser9 phosphorylation [ 14 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
The latest estimation of the number of neurons in a human brain is 86 billion. (ucsd.edu)
Our research shows that the disease likely starts during the first trimester and involves accelerated cell divisions, excessive migration and premature differentiation of the neuroectodermal cells into neurons," he says. (scienceblog.com)
demonstrate through studies on induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cortical neurons that miR-33a is a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of SPG4-related hereditary spastic paraplegia. (portlandpress.com)
Here we have used the induced pluripotent stem cell technology to produce patient-specific terminally differentiated GABA-ergic medium spiny neurons modeling a juvenile form of HD (HD76). (frontiersin.org)
The most vulnerable cells in HD are the striatal medium spiny neurons ( Vonsattel and DiFiglia, 1998 ). (frontiersin.org)
Disruptions to tau splicing are associated with a number of tauopathies, however, in vitro and in vivo models to understand the consequences of disrupted tau splicing have been lacking, due in part to species differences in tau splicing and the developmental regulation of tau in human neurons. (researchsquare.com)
The directed differentiation of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSC) into specific neuronal subtypes provides an unlimited supply of human neurons that can be used to study disease mechanisms. (researchsquare.com)
Moreover, tranylcypromine treatment affects neurons and astrocytes, which impairs cell density and arrangement. (frontiersin.org)

Induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells have great potential for regenerative medicine and gene therapy. (stemcell.com)
Pluripotent stem cells have great potential for use in regenerative medicine and are an important tool for understanding developmental and disease mechanisms. (genengnews.com)
Conferring cell fitness by multi-target drug combinations may become a common approach in cryobiology, drug development, and regenerative medicine. (labroots.com)
The use of cell therapy for vascular regeneration offers an exciting new prospect in regenerative medicine. (biomedcentral.com)
The potential application of stem cells in regenerative medicine is increasingly promising especially in defects that are difficult to be self -regenerate. (ca.gov)
The principle challenge today is to produce enough regenerative cells through a simple, consistent process that bypasses ethical and immunological barriers and avoids genome alteration for in vivo skeletal muscle and bone construction without causing tumor formation. (ca.gov)
and [3] therapeutic innovation - FMOD reprogrammed (FReP) multipotent cells can be easily differentiated into skeletal myocytes and osteoblasts in vitro and in vivo, respectively, and will have significant clinical value in regenerative medicine to establish skeletal muscle and bone by autologous cells. (ca.gov)
Pluripotent and/or multipotent stem cell-based therapeutics are a vital component of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. (ca.gov)
therefore, new researches focused on regenerative medicine have been developed, including the use of stem cells. (biomedcentral.com)
Consequently, because of the increased rate of RF in terminal stage and few alternative treatments, new investigations focused on regenerative medicine have been developed, including the use of stem cells (SCs) [ 7 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
This unique duality makes them an attractive system for potential regenerative medicine and cell therapies, but also for differentiation studies in vitro and for modeling diseases. (biomedcentral.com)
At term we aim to provide a comprehensive view of the gene regulatory wires defining each of the cell/tissue types in an organism, thus representing a landmark catalog for the future therapeutic developments in regenerative medicine. (sysfate.org)

A higher proportion of CD34 + cells (∼ 20%) could be derived from hPSCs by inhibition of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase (MEK)/extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) signaling and activation of bone morphogenic protein-4 (BMP4) signaling. (ashpublications.org)
Clinical translation of human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) requires advanced strategies that ensure safe and robust long-term growth and functional differentiation. (labroots.com)
This four-part small molecule cocktail, which we named CEPT (Chroman 1, Emricasan, trans-ISRIB, Polyamines), enhanced cell survival of genetically stable hPSCs by simultaneously blocking several stress mechanisms that otherwise compromise cell structure and function. (labroots.com)
hPSCs are obtained from human embryos or fetal tissue and are more useful than adult stem cells because they are harvested at early stages of life and have not yet fully transformed into the mature target cell. (ucsd.edu)

In this study, the authors describe the development of a scalable, serum-free, xeno-free, and chemically defined microcarrier-based platform using human recombinant laminin-521 as an extracellular matrix (ECM) for hPSC expansion, EB formation, and subsequently hematopoietic differentiation of hPSC to red blood cells (RBS). (biolamina.com)

The intent of this extensive volume is to generate a valuable resource containing clear methodologies pertinent to current areas of investigation, rather than attempting to educate cell culturists on specific cell types or organ systems. (dattanibookagency.in)
Since FMOD reprogramming clearly involves neither oncogenes nor genome integrative approaches and FReP cells do not generate teratoma in vivo, FMOD reprogramming fulfills the requirements of the FDA to produce safe multipotent cells without known undesirable side effects. (ca.gov)
Notably, FReP cells regenerate muscle and bone tissues but do not generate teratomas in vivo. (ca.gov)
However, current approaches for chondrogenic differentiation of hiPSCs are complicated and inefficient primarily due to intermediate embryoid body formation, which is required to generate endodermal, ectodermal, and mesodermal cell lineages. (mdc-berlin.de)
In this research, we generate differentiated kidney cells (DKCs) from mouse pluripotent stem cells (mPSCs) analyzing their morphological, genetic, phenotypic, and spectroscopic characteristics along differentiation, highlighting that there are no reports of the use of Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy to characterize the directed differentiation of mPSCs to DKCs. (biomedcentral.com)
Shih CC, Forman SJ, Chu P, Slovak M. Human embryonic stem cells are prone to generate primitive, undifferentiated tumors in engrafted human fetal tissues in severe combined immunodeficient mice. (razavihospital.ir)
Spatio-temporally organized cell fate transitions govern the genesis of multicellular organisms and alterations from this body plan can generate pathologies. (sysfate.org)

In vascular medicine, various stem cells and adult progenitors have been highlighted as having a vasoreparative role in ischaemic tissues. (biomedcentral.com)
The evaluation of the most suitable timing of cell delivery as well as the number of cells needed to integrate into resident vasculature and promote revascularisation of specific tissues requires careful optimisation and evaluation. (biomedcentral.com)
In the developing embryo, Stachowiak explains, surface cells develop tissues and organs such as skin and brain structures. (scienceblog.com)
The team also reports details about the genes that became activated during the development of a PASE, and the signals that the cells in a PASE send to one another and to neighboring tissues. (newswise.com)
That's the division of new cells into three cell layers -- endoderm, mesoderm and ectoderm -- that are essential to give rise to all organs and tissues in the body. (newswise.com)
Astrocyte -One of the large neuroglia cells of neural tissues. (cellmedicine.com)
The transplantation of iPSC-derived RPCs decreased the levels of biomarkers indicative of renal injury and attenuated the necrosis and apoptosis of renal tissues, but resulted in the up-regulation of renal tubules formation, cell proliferation, and the expression of pro-renal factors. (biomedcentral.com)
Results: The processes by which re-aggregated adult single cell types or adult and embryonic explanted tissues are able to recapitulate embryogenesis in vitro, when cultured in adhesion or embedded in 3D gels, is not surprising and is clearly under the control of a reminiscent cellular memory which recapitulates early developmental stages. (razavihospital.ir)
In (B) , the relevance of major TFs predicted in (A) is highlighted through their association to cells/tissues (blue boxes). (sysfate.org)

This allowed the formation of murine genetic models, a system in which the genes of mice are deleted or altered in order to study their function in pathology. (wikipedia.org)
Transcriptome analysis of AD-iPS derived neuronal cells revealed significant changes in the expression of genes associated with AD and with the constitutive as well as the inducible subunits of the proteasome complex. (biomedcentral.com)
The neuronal cells expressed numerous genes associated with sub-regions within the brain thus suggesting the usefulness of our in-vitro model. (biomedcentral.com)
Genes Cells. (razavihospital.ir)

6 Preparation of Mouse Embryonic Fibroblasts for Culture of Human Embryonic Stem Cells ( Meng-Jiao Shi, Maria Borowski, and Kimberly Stencel ). (ecampus.com)
iPSC, derived from human fibroblasts and osteoblasts, have been successfully differentiated into hepatocytes, cardiomyocytes, and neural crest cells. (lnhlifesciences.org)
Reprogramming of human fibroblasts into multipotent cells with a single ECM proteoglycan, fibromodulin. (ca.gov)
We report here a technique using a single molecule, recombinant human fibromodulin protein (FMOD), to reprogram human fibroblasts into multipotent cells. (ca.gov)
Cells usually consist of mouse embryonic fibroblasts. (cellmedicine.com)
Generation of Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells from Diabetic Foot Ulcer Fibroblasts Using a Nonintegrative Sendai Virus. (hpscreg.eu)

Therefore, FMOD reprogramming provides an alternative strategy for engineering patient-specific multipotent cells for basic research and therapeutic application. (ca.gov)
Overall, single protein, FMOD-based, cell reprograming bypasses the risks of mutation, gene instability, and malignancy associated with genetically-modified iPS cells, and provides an alternative strategy for engineering patient-specific multipotent cells for basic research and therapeutic application. (ca.gov)
Molecular cues for pluripotency, genetic reprogramming of adult stem cells, and widely multipotent adult cells. (razavihospital.ir)

Takahashi K, Yamanaka S. Induction of pluripotent stem cells from mouse embryonic and adult fibroblast cultures by defined factors. (razavihospital.ir)

These cells are known as totipotent stem cells, but they only exist for a very short period after fertilization and are thus hard to obtain. (ucsd.edu)
Thankfully, pluripotent stem cells are almost as versatile as totipotent stem cells. (ucsd.edu)
Up to the 2-cell embryo, blastomeres remain totipotent (Garner and McLaren, 1974). (conditionmed.org)

First, they used human pluripotent stem cells to develop 3D embryoid bodies to mimic early steps in tissue and organ formation in humans. (allmymedicine.com)
Fundamental questions in organogenesis are related to the identification of a simplified model which is able to mimic the molecular mechanisms involved in pattern organization and cell fate determination as well. (razavihospital.ir)
On the other hand, even if 3D aggregate culture methods are able to recapitulate in vitro the cell-extracellular matrix interactions properly observed in vivo, and the synthetic/natural matrix and scaffolds have biochemical and mechanical properties, in order to mimic the native extracellular matrix, both of these systems possesses some limitations and some methodological improvements are needed. (razavihospital.ir)

The use of highly defined culture conditions and the avoidance of feeder cells or embryoid bodies allowed synchronous and reproducible differentiation to occur. (elsevierpure.com)
Feeder layer -Cells used in co-culture to maintain pluripotent stem cells. (cellmedicine.com)

Researchers purchasing hiPSCs from the NIGMS Repository are responsible for any limited use label licenses (LULLs) applicable to the cell line purchased. (coriell.org)
Human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) have demonstrated great potential for hyaline cartilage regeneration. (mdc-berlin.de)
We report a new, straightforward and highly efficient approach for chondrogenic differentiation of hiPSCs, which avoids embryoid body formation. (mdc-berlin.de)

Somatic cell nuclear transfer is a cloning method that can be used to create a cloned embryo for the use of its embryonic stem cells in stem cell therapy. (wikipedia.org)
All GS-2 iPSC clones displayed a normal karyotype (46XX or 46XY) and were shown to express the same RAB27A gene mutation that was present in the original somatic donor cells. (biomedcentral.com)

What makes characterization challenging is that heterogeneity within a given stem cell population can cause variability in the differentiation into important downstream lineages, such as cardiomyocytes and hepatocytes. (genengnews.com)
The researchers saw how exposure to low levels of cadmium can block usual formation of cardiomyocytes, which are the major type of cells that form the heart. (allmymedicine.com)
Cellartis cardiomyocytes are derived from human induced pluripotent stem cells and provide a promising physiologically-relevant, human model for pre-clinical testing and drug screening. (takarabio.com)
To prepare cardiomyocytes for recordings with the Patchliner's automatic patch clamp, the cultured cells need to be harvested in a gentle way with minimal disruption of epitopes or cell morphology. (takarabio.com)

Remarkably, in a fashion reminiscent of quiescent stem cells, the slow replicative phenotype of undifferentiated FReP cells reverses after differentiation induction, with differentiating FReP cells proliferating faster and expressing less p15(Ink4B) and p21(WAF1/Cip1) than differentiating iPS cells. (ca.gov)
The process is hypothesized to involve epithelial cell dedifferentiation, interstitial cell transdifferentiation and/or activation of quiescent stem cells. (biomedcentral.com)

Our results revealed that iPSC-derived RPCs can protect AKI rat from renal function impairment and severe tubular injury by up-regulating the renal tubules formation, promoting cell proliferation, reducing apoptosis, and regulating the microenvironment in the injured kidney. (biomedcentral.com)
Incomplete silencing of transgenes is a concern as well, and reactivation of Myc or other oncogenes after differentiation has been linked to tumor formation in iPSC-derived and iPSC-transplanted mice. (addgene.org)
Additionally, lingering expression or re-expression of viral transgenes in iPSC-derived cells can interfere with their differentiation potential. (addgene.org)

The success of these cell models on human tissue-derived ECM will further advance discovery and development of new therapies. (lnhlifesciences.org)
They are used as an in vitro model to evaluate early extraembryonic tissue formation and differentiation process. (bvsalud.org)
If the underlying ischaemia is not sufficiently resolved it can lead to tissue damage, with subsequent cell death. (biomedcentral.com)
This leads to hypoxia and tissue damage as a consequence of the build up of waste metabolites and may result in cell death [ 1 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Cells for vascular therapy must be able to home to ischaemic or damaged tissue and engage in vessel formation alone or in unison with resident vasculature to achieve a controlled and functional reperfusion event, without causing pathological angiogenesis (for example, proliferative retinopathy in the vitreous of the eye). (biomedcentral.com)
A cell therapy approach should be aimed at promoting revascularisation of ischaemic tissue. (biomedcentral.com)
There is a therapeutic window in which to deliver the cells, to avoid extensive tissue damage, fibrosis and necrosis. (biomedcentral.com)
However, obtaining a safe, reliable and sufficient source of stem cell for such treatment is a major limitation and challenge in tissue engineering. (ca.gov)
Mesenchymal stem cells -Cells from the immature embryonic connective tissue. (cellmedicine.com)
International bi-monthly journal of cell signaling, tissue protection, and translational research. (conditionmed.org)
Has informed consent been obtained from the donor of the embryo/tissue from which the pluripotent stem cells have been derived? (hpscreg.eu)
Does the consent permit uses of donated embryo/tissue or derived cell line intended for clinical treatment or human applications? (hpscreg.eu)
Does consent expressly permit storage of cells derived from the donated embryo/tissue for an unlimited time? (hpscreg.eu)
Our ambition for the coming years is focused on compiling the important number of datasets retrieved in the public domain into reconstructed gene regulatory networks per cell/tissue systems studied by the scientific community. (sysfate.org)
This analysis was further correlated with their related cell/tissue origin. (sysfate.org)

Microenvironment -The molecules and compounds such as nutrients and growth factors in the fluid surrounding a cell in an organism or in the laboratory, which are important in determining the characteristicsof the cell. (cellmedicine.com)
Engineering the embryoid body microenvironment to direct embryonic stem cell differentiation. (razavihospital.ir)

Adult stem cells are found in a few select locations in the body, known as niches, such as those in the bone marrow or gonads. (wikipedia.org)

In the current study, we addressed the feasibility of using human pluripotent stem cells to probe the molecular mechanisms underlying human hepatocyte differentiation. (elsevierpure.com)
In the adult organisms, cell differentiation is controlled and realized through the epigenetic regulation of gene expression, which consists of various mechanisms including DNA methylation. (bvsalud.org)
The related coactivator complexes SAGA and ATAC control embryonic stem cell self-renewal through acetyltransferase-independent mechanisms. (axonmedchem.com)

To account for this high level of functional variation, verifying the pluripotency of stem cells-from the generation of a new cell line through its expansion for an experiment-is crucial. (genengnews.com)
Another assay used to verify functional pluripotency is in vitro embryoid body formation. (genengnews.com)
In response to acute injury, the adult kidney shows some level of regeneration characterized by the proliferation of the surviving cells and the replacement of the necrotic tubular cells with functional tubular epithelium [ 3 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
However, the inability to manufacture large quantities of functional cells from a single donor as well as donor-dependent variability in quality limits their clinical utility. (nature.com)

On the other hand, cell cultures only have a limited number of cells that fail to fully simulate complicated neurological disorders and the interplay between many separate brain regions. (ucsd.edu)

As of 2016[update], the only established medical therapy using stem cells is hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, first performed in 1958 by French oncologist Georges Mathé. (wikipedia.org)
By 1998, human embryonic stem cells were first isolated by American biologist James Thomson, which made it possible to have new transplantation methods or various cell types for testing new treatments. (wikipedia.org)

10 Harvesting Human Embryonic Stem Cells for Cryopreservation ( Meng-Jiao Shi, Kimberly Stencel, and Maria Borowski ). (ecampus.com)

Revealing cell populations catching the early stages of the human embryo development in naïve pluripotent stem cells. (axonmedchem.com)

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is characterized by histopathological changes, designated as senile plaques and fibrillary deposits, which ultimately lead to the death of neuronal cells in particular in the cerebral cortex of the brain [ 1 , 2 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

In vivo differentiation to cells from all three germlines was tested using a teratoma assay. (biomedcentral.com)
The differentiation towards a hepatocyte-like fate appeared to recapitulate many of the developmental stages normally associated with the formation of hepatocytes in vivo. (elsevierpure.com)
Overexpression of wild-type Trop-2 in KM12SM human colon cancer cells increased liver metastasis rates in vivo in immunosuppressed mice. (bvsalud.org)
Un rôle majeur des prostaglandines dans l'hématopoïèse, ainsi mis en évidence, a pu être étendu à la souris chez qui un traitement par la prostaglandine PGE2 provoque la multiplication des CSH in vivo et in vitro, un résultat qui génerera très probablement des applications cliniques. (hypotheses.org)

In that same year, Siminovitch was a lead investigator for studies that found colony-forming cells were capable of self-renewal, which is a key defining property of stem cells that Till and McCulloch had theorized. (wikipedia.org)
Long-term self-renewal -The ability of stem cells to renew themselves by dividing into the same non-specialized cell type over long periods (many months to years) depending on the specific type of stem cell. (cellmedicine.com)

With this in mind, we previously established a protocol that facilitates the differentiation of both human embryonic stem cells and induced pluripotent stem cells into cells that share many characteristics with hepatocytes. (elsevierpure.com)
The correct cell must be chosen for its phenotype, cell characteristics and biological functions. (biomedcentral.com)

Kurosawa H. Methods for inducing embryoid body formation: in vitro differentiation system of embryonic stem cells. (razavihospital.ir)

In the mouse, a transporting epithelium is established around the 8-16-cell stage through a process known as compaction where cell definition is lost and the outer cells of the embryo form tight junctions, giving rise to the blastocyst. (conditionmed.org)

Human Stem Cell Technology & Biology: A Research Guide and Laboratory Manual integrates readily accessible text, electronic and video components with the aim of effectively communicating the critical information needed to understand and culture human embryonic stem cells. (ecampus.com)
1 Introduction to Pluripotent Stem Cells: Biology and Applications ( Maria Borowski and Gary S. Stein ). (ecampus.com)
These new models are leveraging advances in technology that allow us to model human biology in a way that identifies real human health hazards," noted Brian Berridge, D.V.M., Ph.D., scientific director, DTT. (allmymedicine.com)
Gumucio is the Engel Collegiate Professor of Cell & Developmental Biology at Michigan Medicine, U-M's academic medical center. (newswise.com)
Our laboratory study cell fate decisions from a systems biology perspective, i.e. by aiming to understand their transitions from the reorganization of complex regulatory wires defining their biological state. (sysfate.org)
Specifically, it provides means to follow cell specialization in a spatio-temporal context, thus representing an optimal model for studying organogenesis from a systems biology perspective. (sysfate.org)

To address these difficulties, R&D Systems has developed new tools that aid in the verification of stem cell pluripotency during derivation, maintenance, and expansion. (genengnews.com)
Human embryonic stem cell (hESC)-derived MSCs are an alternative to adult MSCs that can circumvent issues regarding scalability and consistent quality due to their derivation from a renewable starting material. (nature.com)
Does consent explicitly allow the derivation of pluripotent stem cells? (hpscreg.eu)
Does consent expressly prevent the derivation of pluripotent stem cells? (hpscreg.eu)

In fact, over the world large collaborative projects like the ENCODE, modENCODE, the International Human Epigenome Consortium (IHEC) and others provide the scientific community with impressive amounts of data describing the genomic binding of a large collection of transcription factors and/or histone modifications, thereby establishing largest catalogs of genomic interactions in the human genome and other model organisms. (sysfate.org)
Single-cell profiling of transcriptome and histone modifications with EpiDamID. (axonmedchem.com)

The generation or isolation of safer and readily available stem cell sources will significantly aid clinical applications. (ca.gov)
The analysis complied using the Declaration of Helsinki and was accepted by the Moral Committee of Divide University Medical College for clinical research on human topics. (informationalwebs.com)

Recently, there has been growing interest in the therapeutic potential of using a cell-based approach to treat vasodegenerative disorders. (biomedcentral.com)
Next, we examined the renal function-related markers and renal histology to assess the therapeutic effect of the injected cells. (biomedcentral.com)

Moscona A. Cell suspensions from organ rudiments of chick embryos. (razavihospital.ir)
Efficient generation of embryonic stem cells from single blastomeres of cryopreserved mouse embryos in the presence of signalling modulators. (axonmedchem.com)

Time and resources spent expanding stem cells are wasted if the resulting population is not functionally pluripotent. (genengnews.com)

13 Characterization of Human Embryonic Stem Cells by Immunofluorescence Microscopy ( Shirwin M. Pockwinse and Prachi N. Ghule ). (ecampus.com)
At light and transmission electron microscopy, the cells at the periphery of EBs-hGMSCs appear elongated, while ribbon-shaped cells and smaller cells with irregular shape surrounded by extracellular matrix were present in the center. (bvsalud.org)

These human iPSC derivatives were differentiated through embryoid body formation and then adherent culture on LifeSciences' proprietary human-derived extracellular matrix (ECM), Hu Gentra TM . (lnhlifesciences.org)
The most widely accepted theory for the onset of sporadic AD is the accumulation of extracellular Aβ42 in an aggregated state in the brain, subsequently leading to the formation of neurofibrillary tangles (NFT) containing hyperphosphorylated tau proteins and consequently to its inactivation, thus leading to inhibition of binding to the spindle apparatus and hence disrupted axonal transport [ 9 , 10 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Czyz J, Wobus A. Embryonic stem cell differentiation: the role of extracellular factors. (razavihospital.ir)

Together, our data demonstrate the fundamental role of Brd4 in monitoring cell differentiation through its interaction with acetylated histone marks and disruption of Brd4 may cause aberrant differentiation. (biomedcentral.com)

How may genetic information associated with the cell line be accessed? (hpscreg.eu)
However, animal models lack human genetic features and some brain region identities, such as outer subventricular zone, making it hard to figure out how these drugs affect central nervous system ( 7 , 8 ). (frontiersin.org)

Embryoid bodies (EBs) are three-dimensional aggregates formed by pluripotent stem cells, including embryonic stem cells and induced pluripotent stem cells. (bvsalud.org)
Advances in 3D non-destructive, non-invasive analysis methods and improvements in the multi-scale techniques and bioreactors to obtain test and culture 3D cell aggregates have been made. (razavihospital.ir)
Moscona A. The Development in Vitro of Chimeric Aggregates of Dissociated Embryonic Chick and Mouse Cells. (razavihospital.ir)

At certain early stages of life, cells are not yet differentiated and have the potential to become any type of mature cell with specified functions tailored to constitute a particular type of organ. (ucsd.edu)
The goal was to, in a sense, recapitulate important stages in brain formation that take place in the womb," Stachowiak says. (scienceblog.com)
Regarding vibrational spectroscopy analysis by FTIR, bands related with biomolecules were shown on mPSCs and DKCs spectra, observing distinct differences between cell lineages and maturation stages. (biomedcentral.com)
Moreover, FTIR spectroscopy resulted in a non-invasive, rapid and precise technic that together with principal component analysis allows to characterize chemical and structurally both kind of cells and also discriminate and determine different stages along the cell differentiation process. (biomedcentral.com)

These antibodies are added to live, unfixed cells in a single-step assay that takes only 30 minutes and has no adverse effects on stemness or proliferation. (genengnews.com)
Despite its broad use as the most common assay for assessing the pluripotency of stem cells, the teratoma assay has limitations. (genengnews.com)
The teratoma assay is also inherently variable, depending on the site of cell inoculation and the mouse strain used. (genengnews.com)
Measured in a cell proliferation assay using BaF mouse pro-B cells transfected with TrkB. (novusbio.com)

Anatomy36

Organisms8

Diseases3

Chemicals and Drugs33

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment30

Phenomena and Processes29

Disciplines and Occupations4

Technology, Industry, Agriculture2

IPSCs20

Progenitor cells11

Abstract1

Differentiation of human2

Organoid6

Organoids15

Differentiate20

ESCs11

Stromal cells4

Germ3

Neurons9

Regenerative12

HPSCs4

HPSC1

Generate7

Tissues9

Genes4

Fibroblasts6

Multipotent3

Embryonic and adult1

Totipotent3

Mimic3

Feeder2

HiPSCs3

Somatic2

Cardiomyocytes4

Quiescent stem cells2

IPSC-derived3

Tissue15

Microenvironment2

Adult stem1

Mechanisms3

Functional4

Cultures1

Transplantation2

Cryopreservation1

Embryo development1

Cerebral1

Vivo4

Self-renewal2

Characteristics2

Vitro differentiation1

Epithelium1

Biology6

Derivation4

Histone modifications2

Clinical2

Therapeutic2

Embryos2

Functionally1

Microscopy2

Extracellular3

Aberrant differentiation1

Genetic2

Aggregates3

Stages4

Assay4