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Stress FibersFinite Element AnalysisFocal AdhesionsActinsFocal Adhesion Protein-Tyrosine KinasesFocal Adhesion Kinase 1CytoskeletonCell AdhesionActin CytoskeletonPaxillinrhoA GTP-Binding ProteinVinculinrho GTP-Binding ProteinsCell Adhesion MoleculesZyxinrho-Associated KinasesCell MovementActininActin Depolymerizing FactorsCytoskeletal ProteinsNerve FibersCells, CulturedPhosphorylationFibroblastsSignal TransductionProtein-Tyrosine KinasesIntegrinsMicroscopy, FluorescenceMyosin Light ChainsMicrofilament Proteins3T3 CellsCytochalasin DPseudopodiaFibronectinsMuscle Fibers, SkeletalCell ShaperhoB GTP-Binding ProteinPhosphoproteinsFocal Adhesion Kinase 2Myosin Type IICell LineBotulinum ToxinsDietary Fibercdc42 GTP-Binding ProteinCrk-Associated Substrate ProteinCell SizeSyndecan-4ADP Ribose Transferasesrac GTP-Binding ProteinsStress, MechanicalGTPase-Activating Proteinsrac1 GTP-Binding ProteinExtracellular MatrixSwiss 3T3 CellsTalinProtein BindingLysophospholipidsAntigens, CD29Mechanotransduction, CellularAmidesTransfectionContractile ProteinsEnzyme ActivationLIM Domain ProteinsTyrosineEndothelium, VascularNIH 3T3 CellsFluorescent Antibody TechniqueCell Surface ExtensionsTissue AdhesionsGuanine Nucleotide Exchange FactorsMyosinsLim KinasesGTP-Binding ProteinsIntracellular Signaling Peptides and ProteinsEndothelial CellsRho Guanine Nucleotide Exchange FactorsGTP PhosphohydrolasesMolecular Sequence DataProtein-Serine-Threonine KinasesRecombinant Fusion ProteinsAmino Acid SequenceIntercellular Adhesion Molecule-1ThiazolidinesMineral Fiberssrc-Family KinasesPhalloidineModels, BiologicalTrabecular MeshworkProtein Structure, TertiaryIntercellular JunctionsCadherinsActin Capping ProteinsRetinoblastoma-Like Protein p130Muscle Fibers, Fast-TwitchMuscle Fibers, Slow-TwitchMicroscopy, ConfocalCell MembraneBlotting, WesternCotton Fiber
CytoskeletonKinasePhosphorylationNascent adhesionsVinculinFilamentsPaxillinPromoting actin polymerizationFilamentous actinIntegrinDisassemblyIntegrinsComplexesCellsRegulationIntracellularContractilityBundlesPlasma membraneMaturationProteinMigratoryExtracellular matrixRegulatesStabilizationPolymerizationSize of focalDynamicsSubstrateFibronectinCdc42GenerateFilopodiaPathwaysStructuresContractileMotilityContractionWASPAssaysMoleculesElongateFibrillarTissuesInitiallyDendriticFibrilsRetraction
Cytoskeleton19
Kinase14
  • These complexes, which are associated with lamellipodia and filopodia, contain vinculin, paxillin, and focal adhesion kinase, but are distinct from and formed independently of rho-induced focal adhesions. (nih.gov)
  • This protein, a downstream effector of Rho, phosphorylates and activates LIM kinase, which in turn, phosphorylates cofilin, inhibiting its actin-depolymerizing activity. (thermofisher.com)
  • The Rho kinase inhibitor Y27632 completely blocks acid-induced stress fiber formation and the increases in apical membrane NHE3 abundance and activity, but it has no effect on acid-induced tyrosine phosphorylation of p125 FAK or paxillin. (elsevierpure.com)
  • These studies demonstrate that Rho kinase mediates acid-induced stress fiber formation, which is required for NHE3 exocytosis, and increases in NHE3 activity. (elsevierpure.com)
  • Acid-induced tyrosine phosphorylation of the focal adhesion proteins p125 FAK and paxillin is not Rho kinase dependent. (elsevierpure.com)
  • Podosomes are structurally divided into a core, which mainly contains proteins involved in actin polymerization (such as WASP, the Arp2/3 complex and cortactin ), and a surrounding ring populated by integrin receptors and adhesion proteins (for example, paxillin and focal adhesion kinase (FAK/Pyk2) ) [15] . (cellmigration.org)
  • Formation of axonal F-actin bundles was independent of myosin II, but partially required RhoA-kinase activity. (biologists.com)
  • Conversely, RhoA-kinase activity was required to shut down F-actin polymerization underlying protrusive activity. (biologists.com)
  • 1990). Kinetic studies have suggested that localization of tensin and focal adhesion kinase to sites of integrin clustering are also early events in the formation of focal adhesions (Miyamoto et al. (ppbhg.org)
  • Focal adhesion kinase (FAK) and steroid receptor coactivator (c-Src) are signaling proteins that regulate cytoskeletal dynamics and cell motility by influencing actin polymerization and focal adhesion turn-over [ 11 , 12 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Assembly of native FN induced a rapid reorganization of actin into stress fibers and colocalization of α5β1 integrin, focal adhesion kinase (FAK), vinculin, and paxillin to regions of cell-matrix contact. (princeton.edu)
  • Tenascin-C modulates matrix contraction via focal adhesion kinase- and Rho-mediated signaling pathways. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Using a synthetic model of the provisional matrix, we have found that tenascin-C regulates cell responses to a fibrin-FN matrix through modulation of focal adhesion kinase (FAK) and RhoA activation. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Houle, F., Poirier, A., Dumaresq, J. and Huot, J. (2007) DAP Kinase Mediates the Phosphorylation of Tropomyosin-1 Downstream of the ERK Pathway, Which Regulates the Formation of Stress Fibers in Response to Oxidative Stress. (scirp.org)
Phosphorylation10
Nascent adhesions8
  • Nascent adhesions are the first observable adhesive structures, emerging within the lamellipodium. (cellmigration.org)
  • Nascent adhesions are small and highly transient - either maturing or disassembling ('turning over') - and are therefore not easily observed in every cell type [6] , [7] . (cellmigration.org)
  • They are larger than nascent adhesions, depend on myosin II for their formation and maintenance, and reside at the boundary of the lamellum and lamellipodium [10] , [11] . (cellmigration.org)
  • Like nascent adhesions, they also tend to either disassemble (turnover) or grow and elongate into focal adhesions. (cellmigration.org)
  • Although focal adhesions are similar, in terms of molecular composition, to nascent adhesions and focal complexes, several adhesion proteins appear to change as focal adhesions evolve in response to tension, e.g., zyxin and vinculin . (cellmigration.org)
  • Small transient integrin-associated nascent adhesions form first followed by the formation of larger more stable fibrillar adhesion with actin stress fibers which facilitate cell distributing and migration [7]. (technologybooksindustrialprojectreports.com)
  • From left: Panel 1 shows formation of nascent adhesions at the cell periphery. (mechanobio.info)
  • Newly formed nascent adhesions gradually grow and change their protein composition to mature into FAs. (life-science-alliance.org)
Vinculin4
Filaments10
  • It organizes actin filaments into well-ordered bundles that are responsible for the extension of dynamic membrane protrusions, including microspikes, filopodia, and invadopodia from cell surfaces, which are involved in cell migration and invasion as critical components of cancer metastasis. (bvsalud.org)
  • However, it is not well-understood how fascin-1 induces actin binding/bundling and where fascin-1 localizes along the actin filaments, thus facilitating actin bundle formation. (bvsalud.org)
  • Here, we show for the first time that single Myo19 molecules processively move on actin filaments and can transport mitochondria in cells. (bvsalud.org)
  • Furthermore, we show single molecules of Myo19 dimers processively moved on single actin filaments with a large step size of â ¼34 nm. (bvsalud.org)
  • A requirement for actin filaments (F-actin) in mediating axon retraction has long been established ( Solomon and Magendantz, 1981 ). (biologists.com)
  • How do actin filaments form higher-order assemblies that produce and respond to force? (mechanobio.info)
  • Cells exert traction forces on the ECM and generate tension at focal adhesions through actin stress fibers , which are higher-order structures in the cytoplasm that consist of parallel contractile bundles of actin and myosin filaments. (mechanobio.info)
  • Cell tension is generated along the actin filaments by the movement of myosin II motor proteins along the filaments (see contractile bundles). (mechanobio.info)
  • the actin filaments represent the retrograde flow and the blue arrows indicate its characteristic centripetal flow. (mechanobio.info)
  • 1995). Of the myriad of focal adhesion proteins, tensin is particularly interesting because it has the ability to bind to actin microfilaments at multiple sites, enabling tensin both to cap the growing (barbed) ends of actin filaments and to cross-link actin filaments (Lo et al. (ppbhg.org)
Paxillin3
  • In addition the N&B analysis shows paxillin aggregated predominantly at these focal contacts which are next to collagen fibers. (technologybooksindustrialprojectreports.com)
  • We found that Tyr31/118-phosphorylated paxillin competes with p190RhoGAP for binding to p120RasGAP, and provides evidence that p190RhoGAP freed from p120RasGAP efficiently suppresses RhoA activity during cell adhesion. (silverchair.com)
  • We conclude that Tyr31/118-phosphorylated paxillin serves as a template for the localized suppression of RhoA activity and is necessary for efficient membrane spreading and ruffling in adhesion and migration of NMuMG cells. (silverchair.com)
Promoting actin polymerization1
  • These adhesions generate signals that activate Rac, promoting actin polymerization and preventing myosin II engagement in the lamellipodium. (cellmigration.org)
Filamentous actin2
  • Many of these constructions are reliant on filamentous actin (F-actin) for his or her formation and/or balance plus some are straight modulated by one or many RhoGTPases signaling pathways. (healthyguide.info)
  • Changes in filamentous actin (F-actin) fiber density and length in EL-treated cells were determined using phalloidin-conjugated rhodamine dye and fluorescent microscopy. (biomedcentral.com)
Integrin4
  • The formation of focal adhesions on 2D surfaces begins with integrin clustering upon conversation with the ECM. (technologybooksindustrialprojectreports.com)
  • A podosome is made of a columnar actin-rich core standing perpendicular to the plane of the ventral plasma membrane and embedded in a ring structure of integrins and integrin-associated proteins. (u-bordeaux.fr)
  • At the core of the focal adhesion is a cluster of activated integrin heterodimers, which are transmembrane signaling proteins that attach cells to their ligands, i.e., extracellular matrix (ECM)1 (Hynes, 1992). (ppbhg.org)
  • 1 integrin, coupled with one of its many partners, is thought to play a central role in focal adhesion formation. (ppbhg.org)
Disassembly4
  • Essential for the SPATA13-mediated regulation of cell migration and adhesion assembly and disassembly. (cusabio.com)
  • and microtubule targeting, which may contribute to adhesion disassembly. (cellmigration.org)
  • Our findings demonstrate that by multiplexing these techniques we have the ability to spatially and temporally quantify focal adhesion assembly and disassembly in 3D space and allow the understanding tumor cell invasion in a more complex relevant environment. (technologybooksindustrialprojectreports.com)
  • The four panels represent roughly the different steps in the formation and disassembly of focal adhesions. (mechanobio.info)
Integrins1
  • α5β1 integrins and FAK are also clustered upon binding of FNΔIII 1-7 to cells but actin reorganization and focal adhesion formation are delayed and appear to be dependent on the formation of FNΔIII 1-7 fibrils. (princeton.edu)
Complexes4
  • In addition to stress fibers, rho controls the assembly of focal adhesion complexes. (nih.gov)
  • We now show that rac and cdc42 also stimulate the assembly of multimolecular focal complexes at the plasma membrane. (nih.gov)
  • Focal complexes are adhesions in the early stages of maturation. (cellmigration.org)
  • Stress fibers are linked at their ends to the ECM through focal adhesion complexes. (mechanobio.info)
Cells29
  • The ROCK signaling pathway promotes cell contractility and adhesion of fibroblast cells (e.g. (reviewofoptometry.com)
  • Mechanically stimulated cells revealed a localization of FN around the cell periphery as well as an increase in FN fibril formation. (nature.com)
  • Complimentary to this, fibroblasts exposed to fluid shear stress structurally rearranged pre-coated surface FN, but unstimulated and stretched cells did not. (nature.com)
  • We demonstrate that Myo19 dimers having a leucine zipper processively moved on cellular actin tracks in demembraned cells with a velocity of 50 to 60 nm/s and a run length of â ¼0.4 µm, similar to the movement of isolated mitochondria from Myo19 dimer-transfected cells on actin tracks, suggesting that the Myo19 dimer can transport mitochondria. (bvsalud.org)
  • Cell-cell adhesion maintains epithelial tissues, supports functional contacts between specialized cells, and can facilitate directed migration (for example, radial glia can guide neuronal progenitor cells to specific layers of the brain). (cellmigration.org)
  • These adhesions are usually physically linked to large, readily visualized actomyosin bundles [13] , and their appearance correlates inversely with motility, such that they are conspicuously absent in cells migrating within a three-dimensional (3D) substrate. (cellmigration.org)
  • Fibrillar adhesions represent an extreme in the maturation of adhesions and are not generally seen in migrating cells. (cellmigration.org)
  • Podosomes are ring-shaped adhesions often found in fast-moving cells, such as macrophages. (cellmigration.org)
  • Business and dynamics of focal adhesion proteins have been well characterized in cells grown on two-dimensional (2D) cell culture surfaces. (technologybooksindustrialprojectreports.com)
  • In addition when cells are in the 3D environment there is a continuum of migration modes that are determined by both matrix substrate and intrinsic contractility of the cell [7] and focal adhesions may not be needed for migration. (technologybooksindustrialprojectreports.com)
  • Obtaining focal adhesion sites in live cells embedded in 3D matrices has been challenging. (technologybooksindustrialprojectreports.com)
  • Recent literature has discussed several other issues regarding focal adhesion studies of live cells in 3D. (technologybooksindustrialprojectreports.com)
  • First the focal adhesions detected may be from your cells that experience the stiff glass surface due to the proximity to the imaging dish ('edge effect') which is not a true 3D environment. (technologybooksindustrialprojectreports.com)
  • Our results demonstrate that tumor growth, peritoneal dissemination and peritoneum or organ metastasis implanted MKN45 cells were significantly decreased in shAhR and Biseugenol-treated mice and that endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress was caused. (oncotarget.com)
  • Podosomes are found in a restricted number of cell types (macrophages, immature dendritic cells and osteoclasts) where they seem to be involved in adhesion and invasion. (u-bordeaux.fr)
  • In cells, F-actin assumes specific types of organization depending on its functions. (biologists.com)
  • We found that mutation of Tyr31/118 caused enhanced activation of RhoA and premature formation of stress fibers with substantial loss of efficient membrane spreading and ruffling in adhesion and migration of NMuMG cells. (silverchair.com)
  • Cells communicate with their external environment via focal adhesions and generate activation signals that in turn trigger the activity of the intracellular contractile machinery. (wustl.edu)
  • Here we showed that in migrating MDA-MB-231 cells Rab40c regulates focal adhesion's number, size, and distribution. (life-science-alliance.org)
  • Focal adhesions are specialized cellCsubstratum junctions that are nearly ubiquitous among cells that attach to an extracellular matrix. (ppbhg.org)
  • 1995). Focal adhesions were first identified in tissue-culture cells, as sites of contact between a cell and its underlying substrate (Abercrombie et al. (ppbhg.org)
  • F-actin can be structured in three main constructions in fibroblastic cells: tension materials, lamellipodia, and filopodia [19]. (healthyguide.info)
  • A Focal Adhesion Filament Cross-correlation Kit for fast, automated segmentation and correlation of focal adhesions and actin stress fibers in cells. (uni-bayreuth.de)
  • Furthermore, these cells showed increased maturation with corresponding functional properties, which was also demonstrated by the formation of a neuronal network that was observed by recording spontaneous activity via Ca2+ imaging. (ibecbarcelona.eu)
  • For the three-dimensional (3D) modeling and stress analysis of cells subject to fluid shear stress, Ohashi et al. (springeropen.com)
  • These results demonstrate the loss of AND-34 dysregulates focal adhesion complex signaling in lens epithelial cells and suggest that AND-34-mediated signaling is required for maintenance of the structural integrity of the adult ocular lens. (molvis.org)
  • Cells on fibrin-FN+tenascin-C redistribute their actin to the cell cortex, downregulate focal adhesion formation, and do not assemble a FN matrix. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Adhesion assays were performed at various periods of time on cells grown on plastic. (scirp.org)
  • Results: We found that cells expressing the phosphomimetic form of Tm1 S283E/Tm1 are characterized by an increased adhesion to the substratum. (scirp.org)
Regulation2
  • Regulation of actin dynamics and analysis of genomic influences on actin function. (upstate.edu)
  • Part of a ternary complex that contains PAK1, DVL1 and MUSK that is important for MUSK-dependent regulation of AChR clustering during the formation of the neuromuscular junction (NMJ). (icr.ac.uk)
Intracellular1
  • To determine the intracellular consequences of a delay in assembly, we compared the distribution of cytoskeletal proteins during the formation of native and recFN matrices by immunofluorescence at various time points. (princeton.edu)
Contractility3
  • Whereas the formation of focal adhesions requires actomyosin-mediated contractile force mediated by RhoA , podosome formation is stimulated by a local loss of contractility and the recruitment of negative regulators of RhoA, such as p190RhoGAP [16] . (cellmigration.org)
  • These signals can be triggered by mechanical loading that gives rise to a cooperative feedback loop among signaling, focal adhesion formation, and cytoskeletal contractility, which in turn equilibrates with the applied mechanical loads. (wustl.edu)
  • We devise a signaling model that couples stress fiber contractility and mechano-sensitive focal adhesion models to complete this above mentioned feedback loop. (wustl.edu)
Bundles3
  • Furthermore, semaphorin 3A promotes the formation of intra-axonal F-actin bundles in concert with the loss of F-actin in growth cone lamellipodia and filopodia. (biologists.com)
  • Collectively, these observations suggest that guidance cues cause axon retraction through the coordinated activation of myosin II and the formation of intra-axonal F-actin bundles for myosin-II-based force generation. (biologists.com)
  • 1971). Terminating at these sites are bundles of actin microfilaments, referred to as stress fibers. (ppbhg.org)
Plasma membrane2
  • Regulates a signal transduction pathway linking plasma membrane receptors to the assembly of focal adhesions and actin stress fibers. (cusabio.com)
  • Murine gamma-herpesvirus-68 (MHV-68) was proven to induce the outgrowth of lengthy, branched, RhoA-dependent, actin-based plasma membrane fronds powered from the cytoplasmic tail Oxethazaine from the viral gp48 glycoprotein [9], a proteins that was proven to promote viral pass on [16] also. (healthyguide.info)
Maturation3
  • Scheme depicts the process of adhesion maturation. (cellmigration.org)
  • Maturation happens upon increase in tension along the stress fibers (panel 3). (mechanobio.info)
  • The protrusions of the cell edge are shown as green arrows corresponding to points of adhesion maturation (panels 3 and 4). (mechanobio.info)
Protein8
  • Fascin, a major actin cross-linking protein, is expressed in most vertebrate epithelial tissues. (bvsalud.org)
  • Introduction The study of focal adhesions in the two-dimensional (2D) environment has led to an in depth understanding of their protein composition [1] structure [2] and their role in cell migration as well as mechanical sensing. (technologybooksindustrialprojectreports.com)
  • All of the disease-causing ACTN4 mutations identified to date are located within the actin-binding domain of the encoded protein, increasing its binding affinity to F-actin and leading to abnormal actin rich cellular aggregates. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Furthermore, we revealed enhanced focal adhesion formation and osteogenic differentiation of MSCs cultured on positively charged protein fibers. (nature.com)
  • Shape as a determinant of membrane protein cluster formation. (uni-bayreuth.de)
  • We demonstrate this behaviour on substrates coated with the cell-cell adhesion protein E-cadherin and then establish its generality on substrates coated with extracellular matrix. (ibecbarcelona.eu)
  • AND-34/BCAR3 (Breast Cancer Anti-Estrogen Resistance 3) associates with the focal adhesion adaptor protein, p130CAS/BCAR1. (molvis.org)
  • cortactin a cytoskeletal protein that that is involved in coordinating actin reorganization during cell movement. (affbiotech.cn)
Migratory1
Extracellular matrix1
Regulates3
Stabilization1
  • In neurons, plays a crucial role in regulating GABA(A) receptor synaptic stability and hence GABAergic inhibitory synaptic transmission through its role in F-actin stabilization (By similarity). (icr.ac.uk)
Polymerization1
  • Rho and rac, two members of the ras-related superfamily of small GTPases, regulate the polymerization of actin to produce stress fibers and lamellipodia, respectively. (nih.gov)
Size of focal1
  • EL treatment reduced the density and number of F-actin fibers in lung cancer cell lines, and reduced the number and size of focal adhesions. (biomedcentral.com)
Dynamics1
Substrate3
  • Focal adhesions act as molecular clutches that provide grip to the substrate for the lamellipodium to protrude forward during motility. (mechanobio.info)
  • A simple numerical example is presented where a one-dimensional cell adhered to a rigid substrate is pulled at one end, and the evolution of the stress fiber activation signal, stress fiber concentrations, and focal adhesion distributions are investigated. (wustl.edu)
  • Our study demonstrates a physical mechanism of collective durotaxis, through both cell-cell and cell-substrate adhesion ligands, based on the wetting properties of active droplets. (ibecbarcelona.eu)
Fibronectin1
Cdc422
  • We report here that cdc42, another member of the rho family, triggers the formation of a third type of actin-based structure found at the cell periphery, filopodia. (nih.gov)
  • The best-characterized molecules are Rho, which controls the stress fibers and focal adhesion formation, and Rac and Cdc42, which regulate membrane ruffling, and filopodium formation, respectively. (biomedcentral.com)
Generate2
  • Rho activation is thought to generate focal adhesions and actin bundling due to increased myosin II activity. (cellmigration.org)
  • Myosin II interacts with F-actin to generate contractile forces that result in axon retraction. (biologists.com)
Filopodia1
  • The strain fibers/lamellipodia/filopodia balance can be controlled by extracellular stimuli, including soluble elements and mechanised tensions, and requires the most researched.8, A2). (healthyguide.info)
Pathways2
  • In addition, we also demonstrated that NDRG1 reduced cell locomotion by inhibiting the formation of F-actin stress fibers and focal adhesions, via its ability to suppress the Src and ROCK/pMLC2 pathways. (edu.au)
  • These studies have served to highlight the role of AND-34/BCAR3 and p130Cas in cell adhesion and migration signaling pathways. (molvis.org)
Structures4
  • Three dimensional structures of actin/fascin-1 complex were obtained by electron microscopy (EM) with iterative helical real-space reconstruction (IHRSR) and tomography. (bvsalud.org)
  • Although their molecular composition is very similar to that of focal adhesions, their spatial distribution is radial, forming dot-like structures similar to 'suction cups' [14] . (cellmigration.org)
  • Compared to 2D imaging standard confocal microscopes have an axial resolution that is about three times lower than lateral resolution which makes it hard to discern very small structures such as focal adhesions. (technologybooksindustrialprojectreports.com)
  • Our work has established that TGFß causes the repolymerisation of actin into punctate structures named podosomes. (u-bordeaux.fr)
Contractile2
  • Involved in a microtubule-dependent signal that is required for the myosin contractile ring formation during cell cycle cytokinesis. (cusabio.com)
  • These IP 3 molecules diffuse through the cytosol leading to the opening of ion channels that disgorge Ca 2+ from the endoplasmic reticulum leading to the activation of the actin/myosin contractile machinery. (wustl.edu)
Motility1
  • Our data suggest that EL suppresses lung cancer cell motility and invasion by altering FAK activity and subsequent activation of downstream proteins needed for focal adhesion formation and cytoskeletal rearrangement. (biomedcentral.com)
Contraction1
  • Forces produced by the contraction of stress fibers not only helps the cell body to translocate during migration [6] [7] , but they also serve as a vital "inside-out? (mechanobio.info)
WASP1
  • Its amino-terminal acidic domain associates with the Arp2/3 and WASP complex at F-actin branches. (affbiotech.cn)
Assays2
  • In vitro migration assays, transendothelial migration assays (iTEM), and cell adhesion assays were used to investigate the effects of SPON2 on monocyte/macrophage migration. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Subcutaneous tumor formation and orthotopic implantation assays were performed in C57 BL/6 mice to confirm the effects of SPON2 on TAM infiltration in tumors. (biomedcentral.com)
Molecules5
  • Other components include signalling molecules such as tyrosine-kinases, GTPases and effectors proteins as in focal adhesion. (u-bordeaux.fr)
  • We are presently exploring the contribution of these molecules to podosome formation and functioning. (u-bordeaux.fr)
  • The signaling model is based on a biochemical pathway where IP 3 molecules are generated when focal adhesions grow. (wustl.edu)
  • The signaling model is based on a biochemical pathway where IP3 molecules are generated when focal adhesions grow. (wustl.edu)
  • Rho GTPase effectors are a large group of proteins and include actin nucleation promoting molecules, adaptors, as well as kinases. (biomedcentral.com)
Elongate1
  • At the lamellipodium-lamellum interface, unstable adhesions disappear and stable ones start to elongate in a centripetal fashion along the direction of actin retrograde flow. (mechanobio.info)
Fibrillar1
Tissues1
  • All other tissues appeared normal, suggesting that, in most cases, tensin's diverse functions are redundant and may be compensated for by other focal adhesion proteins. (ppbhg.org)
Initially2
  • Owing to their highly localized nature, cell-matrix adhesions were initially called focal adhesions. (cellmigration.org)
  • Cardinal morphologic features of myofibrillar myopathies on muscle biopsy are vacuolated muscle fibers and inclusions that were initially given different names in the 1970s. (medscape.com)
Dendritic1
  • Their formation and stability are linked to the dendritic actin that forms [5] , [6] . (cellmigration.org)
Fibrils1
  • Numerous diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease and Type II Diabetes, are potentially associated with the formation of amyloid fibrils. (edu.au)
Retraction4
  • Importantly, repellent guidance cues cause growth cone collapse and depolymerize growth cone F-actin while promoting axon retraction ( Gallo and Letourneau, 2004 ). (biologists.com)
  • how can myosin II drive axon retraction if the major source of the required substratum for force generation, growth cone F-actin, has been depleted? (biologists.com)
  • Panel 4 shows sliding of adhesion and hence slight retraction of the respective section of the cell edge compared to panel 3. (mechanobio.info)
  • With nascent adhesion formation at the leading edge, the FAs at the cell rear need to be disassembled to promote rear end retraction and efficient cell migration. (life-science-alliance.org)