BiosynthesisHydroxylaseBiphenyl dioxygenaseHomogentisic acidCatalyzesRieskeOxidativeSubstratesDehydrogenaseHomogentisateAromaticSynthaseCleavageTranslocationPseudomonasEnzymaticHydroxylationSynthesisInhibitorDeficiencyConvertsNaphthaleneMetabolismTransientMediatesSystematicCatecholCatalyzeTissuesBiocatalyticNitisinoneHydroperoxideProteinsMetabolicSubstrateAmino acidSubstancesMolecularPathwaysConsistsActivityMethylationFamilyFatty
Biosynthesis5
- Monooxygenases involved in oxylipin biosynthesis are members of the cytochrome P450 superfamily and can oxidize double bonds with epoxide formation or saturated carbons forming alcohols . (wikipedia.org)
- EgtB from Mycobacterium thermoresistibile catalyzes O2-dependent sulfur-carbon bond formation between the side chains of Nα-trimethyl histidine and γ-glutamyl cysteine as a central step in ergothioneine biosynthesis. (unibas.ch)
- Prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase (PTGS), also known as cyclooxygenase, is the key enzyme in prostaglandin biosynthesis, and acts both as a dioxygenase and as a peroxidase. (bioss.com.cn)
- The enzyme responsible for collagen maturation is prolyl 4-hydroxylase, making this enzyme a central activity in cuticle biosynthesis and a potentially important chemotherapeutic target. (embl.de)
- Gamma-butyrobetaine hydroxylase (GBBH) is a 2-ketoglutarate-dependent dioxygenase that catalyzes the biosynthesis of l-carnitine by hydroxylation of gamma-butyrobetaine (GBB). (rhea-db.org)
Hydroxylase6
- Other names in common use include benzene hydroxylase, and benzene dioxygenase. (wikipedia.org)
- The sites in clade A fibrillar 1(II), 2(V), and 1(I) collagen chains share common features with known prolyl 3-hydroxylase 2 (P3H2) substrate sites in 1(IV) chains imply- ing a role for this enzyme. (documents.pub)
- For example, prolyl 4-hydroxylase catalyzes proline 4-hydroxyla- tion, a modification necessary for the secondary and tertiary structure of collagen (1, 2), and the lysyl hydroxylase isoen- zymes catalyze lysine hydroxylation, a modification essential for the formation of intermolecular cross-links in collagen (2- 4). (documents.pub)
- The derived amino acid sequence of Ov-phy-1 encoded a peptide that was most similar to the two Caenorhabditis elegans prolyl 4-hydroxylase homologues and to the isoform II enzymes of vertebrates. (embl.de)
- In vitro production of enzymatically active O. volvulus prolyl 4-hydroxylase should facilitate identification of specific inhibitors of the parasite enzyme. (embl.de)
- condition caused by deficiency of fumarylacetoacetate hydroxylase, an enzyme important for tyrosine metabolism. (msdmanuals.com)
Biphenyl dioxygenase1
- J. Han, S. - Y. Kim, J. Jung, Y. Lim, J. - H. Ahn, S. - I. Kim and H. - G. Hur , Epoxide formation on the aromatic B ring of flavanone by biphenyl dioxygenase of Pseudomonas pseudoalcaligenes KF707 , Appl. (acsgcipr.org)
Homogentisic acid4
- Inhibits 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase, which mediates formation of homogentisic acid. (medscape.com)
- Alkaptonuria is a rare inherited disorder in which a deficiency of an enzyme called homogentisate 1,2 dioxygenase - HGD, results in the accumulation of homogentisic acid in connective tissues . (osmosis.org)
- Alkaptonuria is a rare genetic disorder in which there is a deficiency of the enzyme homogentisic acid oxidase, resulting in the accumulation of homogentisic acid and a characteristic blue-black discoloration of the skin and cartilage, called ochronosis. (medscape.com)
- Alkaptonuria is a rare autosomal recessive metabolic disorder caused by deficiency of homogentisic acid oxidase, the only enzyme capable of catabolizing homogentisic acid (HGA). (medscape.com)
Catalyzes4
- Prolyl 3-hydroxlase 1 (P3H1), 2 another member of the 2-oxo-glutarate-dependent dioxygenase family, catalyzes the post-translational 3-hydroxylation of certain proline residues in fibril-forming collagens. (documents.pub)
- The enzyme (cofactors iron and ascorbate) catalyzes the hydroxylation of lysyl residues in collagen-like peptides. (thermofisher.com)
- The enzyme β-carotene 9',10'-oxygenase (BCO2), which catalyzes asymmetric cleavage of several carotenoids, is the principal regulator of lycopene metabolism, but the range of BCO2 biological functions is incompletely understood. (nih.gov)
- Deoxypodophyllotoxin synthase (DPS) is a 2-oxoglutarate (2-OG) dependent non-heme iron (II) dioxygenase that catalyzes the stereoselective ring-closing carbon-carbon bond formation of deoxypodophyllotoxin from the aryllignan (−)-yatein. (mysciencework.com)
Rieske9
- Rieske oxygenases are examples of enzymes with the ability to perform precise mono- or dioxygenation reactions on a variety of substrates. (nature.com)
- Understanding the structural features of Rieske oxygenases responsible for control over selectivity is essential to enable the development of this class of enzymes for biocatalytic applications. (nature.com)
- Decades of research has illuminated the critical features common to Rieske oxygenases, however, structural information for enzymes that functionalize diverse scaffolds is limited. (nature.com)
- In the Rieske oxygenase class, work to date has been conducted on a small sample of enzymes, specifically those that perform dioxygenation of aromatic rings. (nature.com)
- Fig. 1: Extent of characterization of the Rieske oxygenase enzyme superfamily. (nature.com)
- Rieske oxygenases in particular are underexplored in this regard, with only twelve available structures of different enzymes in the Protein Data Bank 21 . (nature.com)
- Despite the vast number of characterised hydroxylating enzymes, only Rieske non-heme iron oxygenases (ROs) display the remarkable ability to stereoselectively introduce two hydroxyl groups in one enzymatic step. (acsgcipr.org)
- P. K. Sydor, S. M. Barry, O. M. Odulate, F. Barona-Gomez, S. W. Haynes, C. Corre, L. Song and G. L. Challis , Regio- and stereodivergent antibiotic oxidative carbocyclizations catalysed by Rieske oxygenase-like enzymes , Nat. (acsgcipr.org)
- The study provides new insight Pyridoxine HCl into the detailed steps of oxygen activation and reaction that ensure both specificity and efficient catalysis in Rieske dioxygenases. (biotech-angels.com)
Oxidative2
- We observed that in the presence of hydrogen peroxide, the enzyme generates O-1(2) and that this is associated with the stereoselective oxidation of L-tryptophan to a tricyclic hydroperoxide via a previously unrecognized oxidative activation of the dioxygenase activity. (edu.au)
- The following points highlight the five main enzymes involved in oxidative process. (biologydiscussion.com)
Substrates1
- Previous work has shown that DPS can accept a range of substrates, indicating it has potential in biocatalytic processes for the formation of diverse polycyclic aryllignans. (mysciencework.com)
Dehydrogenase4
- Lactate formation is catalyzed by lactate dehydrogenase in a reversible reaction. (vegfinhibitors.com)
- A pair of principal enzymes, glutamate dehydrogenase and glutamine synthatase, are found in all organisms and effect the conversion of ammonia into the amino acids glutamate and glutamine, respectively. (medmuv.com)
- 3 2 Under physiological hypoxia, low oxygen levels lead to reduced activity of succinate dehydrogenase (SDH), which metabolizes succinate, and other oxygen-dependent enzymes in the electron transport chain, causing succinate accumulation. (haematologica.org)
- The concepts of his Pseudomonas putida study are interwoven with issues in Escherichia coli, Electron donor, Dioxygenase, Dehydrogenase and Naphthalene. (research.com)
Homogentisate1
- Identification of 11 Novel Homogentisate 1,2 Dioxygenase Variants in Alkaptonuria Patients and Establishment of a Novel LOVD-Based HGD Mutation Database. (medscape.com)
Aromatic2
- P. E. Rebecca and R. M. Sol , Applications of Aromatic Hydrocarbon Dioxygenases , in Biocatalysis in the Pharmaceutical and Biotechnology Industries , CRC Press, 2006. (acsgcipr.org)
- Some of the enzymes which generate aromatic radicals that break down most prominent bacterial strains found were isolated and tax- the complex linkages present in lignin to compounds of lower onomically identified using 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) se- molecular weight. (lu.se)
Synthase2
- Of special importance are the cytochrome P450 enzymes in animals, including CYP5A1 ( thromboxane synthase ), CYP8A1 ( prostacyclin synthase ), and the CYP74 family of hydroperoxide -metabolizing enzymes in plants , lower animals and bacteria . (wikipedia.org)
- This reaction is catalyzed by the rate-limiting enzyme PHYTOENE SYNTHASE (PSY), called crtB in bacteria ( Cunningham and Gantt, 1998 ). (frontiersin.org)
Cleavage2
- However, in addition to their toxicity, these metal catalysts can also lead to by-product formation due to over-oxidation and cleavage of the diol products. (acsgcipr.org)
- David T. Gibson has included themes like Plasmid, DNA, Cleavage and Hydroquinone in his Enzyme study. (research.com)
Translocation2
- DNA demethylation can either be passive or active [ 11 ], which is regulated by ten-eleven translocation (TET) family enzymes [ 113 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
- Succinate further inhibits several dioxygenases involved in epigenetic regulation like ten-eleven translocation methylcytosine dioxygenase (TET) and jumonji C domain-containing histone lysine demethylases (JMJD3). (haematologica.org)
Pseudomonas4
- His primary areas of investigation include Organic chemistry, Toluene dioxygenase, Pseudomonas putida, Biochemistry and NAD+ kinase. (research.com)
- Stereochemistry, Organic chemistry, Biochemistry, Enzyme and Pseudomonas putida are his primary areas of study. (research.com)
- His Pseudomonas putida research is multidisciplinary, incorporating elements of Nuclear chemistry, Escherichia coli, Toluene, Chromatography and Toluene dioxygenase. (research.com)
- His Escherichia coli research integrates issues from Regioselectivity, Microorganism, Pseudomonas putida, Metabolite and Toluene dioxygenase. (research.com)
Enzymatic3
- however also non- enzymatic autoxidative processes contribute to oxylipin formation (phytoprostanes, isoprostanes ). (wikipedia.org)
- Further enzymatic reactions occur after the formation of formylkynurenine and it is then converted into NAD+ by means of several enzymes, once of which is 3-hydroxyanthranilic acid 3, 4-dioxygenase (3-HAAO). (optihealthinstitutemd.com)
- Chemically generated O-1(2) oxidizes the amino acid tryptophan to precursors of a key metabolite called N-formylkynurenine(4), whereas enzymatic oxidation of tryptophan to N-formylkynurenine is catalysed by a family of dioxygenases, including indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1(5). (edu.au)
Hydroxylation1
- The P3H1 enzyme there- fore is required for the 3-hydroxylation of Pro-986 in the 1(I) chain of type I collagen (8, 10). (documents.pub)
Synthesis1
- appropriate epub cracked putting people give the formation between Norse businessmen and their options on AFB1 synthesis. (opticasoftware.com)
Inhibitor2
- Orfadin (nitisinone) is a hydroxyphenyl- pyruvate dioxygenase inhibitor used to treat a rare genetic condition called hereditary tyrosinemia type 1 ( HT -1). (rxlist.com)
- ORFADIN contains nitisinone, which is a hydroxyphenyl- pyruvate dioxygenase inhibitor indicated as an adjunct to dietary restriction of tyrosine and phenylalanine in the treatment of hereditary tyrosinemia type 1 ( HT -1). (rxlist.com)
Deficiency1
- A deficiency in ASCORBIC ACID can result in impaired hydroxyproline formation. (lookformedical.com)
Converts2
- The enzyme nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (Nampt) converts nicotinamide to nicotinamide adenine mononucleotide (NMN) and is then converted into NAD+ using another enzyme known as nicotinamide mononucleotide adenylyltransferase (Nmnat). (optihealthinstitutemd.com)
- A single point mutation converts this enzyme into a γ-glutamyl cysteine dioxygenase with an efficiency that rivals naturally evolved thiol dioxygenases. (unibas.ch)
Naphthalene3
- This enzyme participates in naphthalene and anthracene degradation. (wikipedia.org)
- Crystal structure of naphthalene dioxygenase: side-on binding of dioxygen to iron. (research.com)
- across a subunit boundary to catalyze Pyridoxine HCl O2-dependent formation of characterization of tertiary ESO2 complexes in the RDDs naphthalene 1 2 (NDO) and carbazole 1 9 (CarDO) have shown O2 binding in side-on or end-on configuration to the mononuclear iron resulting in lengthening of the O-O bond consistent with formation of a peroxo species. (biotech-angels.com)
Metabolism4
- Knocking down HNF4α or SAA enzymes in HNF4α-positive epithelial liver cancer lines impairs SAA metabolism, increases resistance to methionine restriction or sorafenib, promotes epithelial-mesenchymal transition, and induces cell migration. (biomed.news)
- Mechanistically, Sirt2 suppresses T cell metabolism by targeting key enzymes involved in glycolysis, tricarboxylic acid-cycle, fatty acid oxidation, and glutaminolysis. (biomed.news)
- Some effect of aHB on cellular metabolism that promote carcinogenesis (hypermethylated state of DNA and histones, induction of pseudohypoxia) are mediated by inhibition of α-ketoglutarate-dependent dioxygenases. (bevital.no)
- deficiencies of enzymes involved in its metabolism lead to a variety of syndromes. (msdmanuals.com)
Transient1
- Analysis of the peroxide shunt reaction revealed formation of a transient = 5/2 ferric species with unusual spectroscopic properties consistent with those of a side-on bound Fe(III)-(hydro)peroxo species. (biotech-angels.com)
Mediates1
- Mediates the formation of prostaglandins from arachidonate. (bioss.com.cn)
Systematic1
- The systematic name of this enzyme class is benzene,NADH:oxygen oxidoreductase (1,2-hydroxylating). (wikipedia.org)
Catechol2
- Specific activities of Catechol-2,3-dioxygenase and effects of temperature and pH and their stabilities on the enzyme relative activities were observed. (openmicrobiologyjournal.com)
- Therefore, engineering of Catechol 2,3-dioxygenase may be employed for application on bioremediation of polluted sites. (openmicrobiologyjournal.com)
Catalyze1
- Enzyme complexes that catalyze the formation of PROSTAGLANDINS from the appropriate unsaturated FATTY ACIDS, molecular OXYGEN, and a reduced acceptor. (bvsalud.org)
Tissues1
- This enzyme was only recently cloned from chicken tissues (5) after being partially purified 25 years ago (6). (documents.pub)
Biocatalytic1
- Structural studies on enzymes with divergent selectivities have the potential to illuminate critical features that are responsible for selectivity and provide valuable insight on how reactivity can be controlled in biocatalytic reactions. (nature.com)
Nitisinone1
- [ 8 ] Nitisinone is approved in the United States for the treatment of children with tyrosinemia type I. It acts by inhibiting the enzyme 4-hydroxyphenyl pyruvic acid and therefore can decrease formation of HGA. (medscape.com)
Hydroperoxide1
- Our findings demonstrate a pathophysiological role for O-1(2) in mammals through formation of an amino acid-derived hydroperoxide that regulates vascular tone and blood pressure under inflammatory conditions. (edu.au)
Proteins1
- HT-1 is a metabolic disorder that occurs when the body does not produce enough of an enzyme that breaks down proteins from certain foods. (rxlist.com)
Metabolic1
- instead it occasionally leads to the formation of metabolic products that are more toxic or persistent than the parent compound 4 . (nature.com)
Substrate4
- a) Enzymes that catalyse the removal of hy-drogen from a substrate but use only oxy-gen as a hydrogen acceptor to form water as a reaction product (with the exception of uricase and monoamine oxidase which form H 2 O 2 ). (biologydiscussion.com)
- Based on these structures, substrate-bound structures, and mutagenesis experiments, we implicate specific residues in substrate positioning and the divergent reaction selectivity observed in these two enzymes. (nature.com)
- Recent X-ray structures of the enzyme reveal possible roles for amino acid side chains in substrate recognition and mechanism, although a mutational analysis of DPS was not performed. (mysciencework.com)
- This work improves our understanding of specific residues' contributions to the DPS mechanism and can inform future engineering of the enzyme mechanism and substrate scope for the development of a versatile biocatalyst. (mysciencework.com)
Amino acid2
- The enzyme catalyses the final step in the formation of the amino acid hypusine in the eukaryotic initiation factor 5A. (enzyme-database.org)
- By modifying the size of the amino acid side chain, CHEM21 researchers were able to modulate the regio- and stereoselectivity of these enzymes. (acsgcipr.org)
Substances1
- Orfadin works by helping to prevent the formation and build-up of several toxic substances that cause damage to the liver, kidneys, and nervous system. (rxlist.com)
Molecular1
- Matsumoto, S., Mizutani, M., Sakata, K. and Shimizu, B. Molecular cloning and functional analysis of the ortho -hydroxylases of p -coumaroyl coenzyme A/feruloyl coenzyme A involved in formation of umbelliferone and scopoletin in sweet potato, Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam. (enzyme-database.org)
Pathways1
- Here, we focus on newly uncovered pathways, involving either the cyclooxygenases (COXs) or nonenzymatic chemical transformations, that lead to the formation of bioactive prostanoids and of previously unknown lipid mediators produced by COX-2. (jci.org)
Consists1
- host in the epub cracked putting broken lives enzyme consists effective. (opticasoftware.com)
Activity3
- Nature has evolved numerous enzymes which metabolize oxylipins into secondary products, many of which possess strong biological activity . (wikipedia.org)
- The pH and temperature range with time for the enzyme activity were 6.0-8.0 and 30 o C-50 o C respectively. (openmicrobiologyjournal.com)
- The enzyme exhibited activity that was slightly more tolerant to alkaline pH. (openmicrobiologyjournal.com)
Methylation1
- DNA methylation is the formation of 5-methylcytosine (5mC) by S-Adenosylmethionine (SAM) -dependent methyltransferases (DNMTs) (Martisova, Holcakova et al. (biomedcentral.com)
Family2
- This enzyme belongs to the family of oxidoreductases, specifically those acting on paired donors, with O2 as oxidant and incorporation or reduction of oxygen. (wikipedia.org)
- Enzymes from the family of 2-oxo-glutarate-dependent dioxy- genases are responsible for most of these modifications. (documents.pub)
Fatty3
- [1] Oxylipins are derived from polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) by COX enzymes ( cyclooxygenases ), by LOX enzymes ( lipoxygenases ), or by cytochrome P450 epoxygenase . (wikipedia.org)
- Fatty acid hydroperoxides or endoperoxides are formed by action of these enzymes. (wikipedia.org)
- twenty) because of their formation from twenty-carbon essential fatty acids , have potent and often opposing effects on e.g. smooth muscle ( vasculature , myometrium ) and blood platelets . (wikipedia.org)