• Crystallization is also a chemical solid-liquid separation technique, in which mass transfer of a solute from the liquid solution to a pure solid crystalline phase occurs. (wikipedia.org)
  • The formation of crystalline substances from solutions or melts. (researchgate.net)
  • It was found that the crystallization degree and crystalline lamella size were greater at higher take-off temperatures than those at lower take-off temperatures. (4spe.org)
  • Recent experiments on the formation of crystalline CO 2 from a newly discovered binary phase consisting of CO 2 and C 2 H 2 at 90 ° K fail to be adequately simulated by Avrami equations. (hindawi.com)
  • The polycrystalline ordering develops through homogeneous nucleation, i.e., spontaneous formation of crystalline clusters far from the boundaries of the system. (aps.org)
  • Crystal formation can be achieved by various methods, such as: cooling, evaporation, addition of a second solvent to reduce the solubility of the solute (technique known as antisolvent or drown-out), solvent layering, sublimation, changing the cation or anion, as well as other methods. (wikipedia.org)
  • The crystallisation speed is varied by the evaporation rate of the solvent and is identified as a key parameter for the respective polymorphs present in the films. (rsc.org)
  • In 1817, it was pointed out that the alkalinization that attends putrefaction of urine unavoidably results in crystallization of dissolved urinary phosphate [2]. (who.int)
  • Parents provided the data in unavoidably results in crystallization of the case of children. (who.int)
  • Supersaturation is one of the driving forces of crystallization, as the solubility of a species is an equilibrium process quantified by Ksp. (wikipedia.org)
  • Most industrial processes have to deal with scale, but, in particular, solids that have low solubilities are difficult to manage (because their low solubility means you don't need much of them before crystallization happens). (databasefootball.com)
  • Most of drugs which are weakly acidic and basic show poor aqueous solubility hence various methods like, salt formation, co-solvency, micronization, addition of agent, solid dispersion, complexation etc., are some of the vital approaches routinely employed to enhance the solubility of poorly soluble drugs. (scialert.net)
  • Description:Understanding the nature and kinetics of crystallization remains an active scientific problem, as it both affects the glass-forming ability of molten liquids and the propensity for glasses to partially crystallize and form glass-ceramics. (aau.dk)
  • We will cover the compositional and structural effects on crystallization kinetics, as elucidated from advanced in situ characterization tools. (aau.dk)
  • This work gives an example of thin film growth where the kinetics during the crystallisation rather than the film thickness is identified as the critical parameter for the presence of a thin-film phase within organic thin films. (rsc.org)
  • These partition coefficients were combined with MELTS modeling (MELTS is a software package that is used for performing thermodynamically constrained phase equilibria calculations) to evaluate the behavior of scandium during fractional crystallization of a mafic melt and formation of a cumulate, the subsequent partial melting of that cumulate, then the isothermal decompression and final cooling of that melt. (umd.edu)
  • This model requires that few ferromagnesian phases occur during crystallization of a felsic melt or the presence of scandium complexes that reduce scandium partition coefficients. (umd.edu)
  • Crystallization is the process of formation of solid crystals precipitating from a solution, melt or more rarely deposited directly from a gas. (absoluteastronomy.com)
  • Dramatic effects are observed, including a stabilization of metastable polymorphs, a depression of freezing points, and the formation of crystals with preferred orientations, modified morphologies, and even structures not seen in bulk. (whiterose.ac.uk)
  • The crystallization process consists of two major events, nucleation and crystal growth which are driven by thermodynamic properties as well as chemical properties. (wikipedia.org)
  • Fractal formation can be explained by a random successive nucleation model. (aip.org)
  • These Sc-centered octahedral clusters present a high stability in supercooled liquid and amorphous states, remarkably reducing the incubation time of nucleation and speeding up the crystallization. (osti.gov)
  • The development of an enhanced understanding of the influence of confinement on crystal nucleation and growth will not only provide superior insight into crystallization processes in many real‐world environments, but will also enable this phenomenon to be used to control crystallization in applications including nanomaterial synthesis, heavy metal remediation, and the prevention of weathering. (whiterose.ac.uk)
  • Experimental data propose that during crystallization biomolecules pass through a nucleation intermediate. (lu.se)
  • In order to obtain more insights about the process and to obtain supporting evidence for the tow-step nucleation mechanism (2) and theory we investigated the nucleation process and early crystallization events for various proteins, applying complementary biophysical methods (3,4,5). (lu.se)
  • The behavior of fractal crystallization in a Pd/Ge thin film system of various ratios of thickness (or composition) after annealing has been investigated by transmission electron microscope. (aip.org)
  • My research is all about understanding how impurities impact crystallization processes and how we can predict their behavior. (databasefootball.com)
  • The morphology and crystallization behavior of polypropylene/ethylene-propylene rubber blends were studied in this paper. (4spe.org)
  • Can you explain how the processes of rock formation can be inferred from texture and mineral composition? (brainmass.com)
  • Many crystallization processes of great importance, including frost heave, biomineralization, the synthesis of nanomaterials, and scale formation, occur in small volumes rather than bulk solution. (whiterose.ac.uk)
  • Here, the influence of confinement on crystallization processes is described, drawing together information from fields as diverse as bioinspired mineralization, templating, pharmaceuticals, colloidal crystallization, and geochemistry. (whiterose.ac.uk)
  • Confinement is also shown to influence crystallization processes over length scales ranging from the atomic to hundreds of micrometers, and to originate from a wide range of mechanisms. (whiterose.ac.uk)
  • Participants will gain a deep understanding on the use of supercritical fluids in different processes such as extraction and chromatography, material/polymer design, pharmaceutical drug formulation, crystallisation, chemical reactions and biocatalysis. (lu.se)
  • Particular colloidal crystals composed of nanoparticles are interesting, because of the unique properties of nanoscale objects, and because of the formation of three-dimensional structures on scales that can be manufactured using established methods only with great technical effort. (bsz-bw.de)
  • Crystallization is therefore related to precipitation, although the result is not amorphous or disordered, but a crystal. (wikipedia.org)
  • It was reflected that the fast crystallization is because Sc stabilizes the 4-fold rings which act as precursors of nuclei in the amorphous phase. (osti.gov)
  • In the present work, we present the formation of polymorphic crystal structures of the molecule dihexyl-terthiophene in thin films. (rsc.org)
  • Besides the expected result, formation of hexagonal particle packings, unexpected results were obtained. (bsz-bw.de)
  • In the first approach a superposition of two crystallization mechanisms ensured a robust formation of hexagonal particle packings. (bsz-bw.de)
  • and (iii) particle formation. (lu.se)
  • Slow crystallisation speed induces preferential growth in the stable bulk structure, while fast crystallisation leads to the occurrence of a metastable thin-film phase. (rsc.org)
  • Our findings suggest that macro domain tags can be employed in recombinant protein expression in E. coli, and in carrier-driven crystallization. (rcsb.org)
  • formation has come, not from solution studies, but from Whereas theoretical studies of protein self-association are crystallography. (lu.se)
  • About LP3 A facility for protein production, biophysics, crystallisation and structure determination Courses Protein factories Contact Contact us if you have any questions. (lu.se)
  • Crystallization is the process by which solid forms, where the atoms or molecules are highly organized into a structure known as a crystal. (wikipedia.org)
  • A strong peak, corresponding to ester formation between gluten and hydrolyzed gluten molecules, appeared at 1750 cm-1. (usda.gov)
  • This paper also discuss the effect of different take-off temperatures on crystallization for different ratios of PP/EPR in the PP/EPR blend in the flat-film extrusion process. (4spe.org)
  • higher temperatures produce lower water content, coarser crystallization, more distinct layering, and reduced schistosity. (encyclopedia.com)
  • Crystallization temperatures less than 60 deg. (cdc.gov)
  • Thus, gravitational loading and frictional forces are not necessary to induce crystallization in driven granular media. (aps.org)
  • A potential explanation of the association between elevated serum phosphate levels and calcified AS may be hydroxyapatite deposition, which can induce the formation of osteoblast-like interstitial stromal cells and smooth muscle cells. (medscape.com)
  • In the second approach crystallization among the particles was suppressed in a pure thermally induced agglomeration. (bsz-bw.de)
  • In the second approach crystallization among the particles was suppressed in a pure thermally induced agglomeration.Kolloidale Kristalle können neuartige Eigenschaften aus der Kombination von Partikeleigenschaften und kollektiven Phänomenen der Partikelpackung aufweisen. (bsz-bw.de)
  • However, the physical parameters responsible for their formation are still under debate. (rsc.org)
  • Four parameters important in controlling the crystallization of the aluminum chloride hexahydrate and the concentration of impurities, particularly phosphorus and magnesium, in ach crystals are (1) aluminum chloride concentration in the feed solution to crystallization, (2) hydrogen chloride gas flow rate, (3) temperature, and (4) concentration of phosphorus and magnesium also in the feed solution. (cdc.gov)
  • Parameters 1, 2, and 3 affect crystal formation. (cdc.gov)
  • The directional mineral structure of schists and gneisses arises during crystallization under anisotropic stress. (encyclopedia.com)
  • Explains how the process of rock formation can be inferred from texture and mineral composition. (brainmass.com)
  • However, by feeling the texture of the mineral , the average person can identify the order of crystallization through touch. (brainmass.com)
  • Life plays with the mineral in the crystallization process. (rijksakademie.nl)
  • Roots, fungi, and subterranean life of all types may impede mineral formation by taking a few hydrogen atoms here, or a carbon atom there. (rijksakademie.nl)
  • The results in this thesis show that zircon formation is remarkably similar in all of the investigated metagabbroic rocks, and that zircon is mainly produced by the breakdown of igneous baddeleyite during prograde mineral reactions. (lu.se)
  • The metamorphic mineral reactions and the associated zircon formation in gabbroic rocks are tightly linked to deformation and infiltration of hydrous fluids, and to a lesser extent dependent of variations in pressure and temperature. (lu.se)
  • Vid ändrat tryck och ändrad temperatur förändras också bergarter: de ursprungliga mineralen konsumeras i kemiska reaktioner och i stället bildas nya mineral som är stabila vid de nya fysikaliska förhållandena - en process som kallas metamorfos. (lu.se)
  • Moreover, six uncoordinated water mol-ecules increase the number of hydrogen bonds in the network and lead to the formation of (H(2)O)(infinity) clusters. (who.int)
  • However, the early process is governed by the formation of liquid dense clusters as initial step, followed by the transition to higher order assemblies inside these clusters (7). (lu.se)
  • There are many examples of natural process that involve crystallization. (wikipedia.org)
  • In order to avoid this from happening, additives that impact the process of crystallization can be used. (databasefootball.com)
  • This process involves the formation of a homodimer followed by two proteolytic steps. (nasa.gov)
  • While substantial effort is focused on preventing moisture interaction during the fabrication process, it is demonstrated that low moisture sensitivity, enhanced crystallization, and high performance can actually be achieved by exposure to high water content (up to 25 vol%) during fabrication with an aqueous-containing perovskite precursor. (osti.gov)
  • During the aging process, the fat in the mixture undergoes partial crystallization. (tastingtable.com)
  • In particular we are interested in understanding the formation of novel nanostructures, and how the dynamics of the crystallization process lead to new and size-dependent properties. (lu.se)
  • We will also focus on the formation and structure-property relations of transparent glass ceramics (TGCs). (aau.dk)
  • Carrier-driven crystallization can facilitate crystal formation and structure solution of difficult target proteins. (rcsb.org)
  • Consideration of the chemical data and published geophysical data argue that the sub-Plateau mantle is mechanically detached from the overlying continental lithosphère, and that in this section of the plateau the thermal structure of the asthenosphere is not responsible for the formation or maintenance of the plateau's topography. (ku.edu)
  • Hydrogen Chloride Sparging Crystallization of Aluminum Chloride Hexahydrate. (cdc.gov)
  • As part of its effort to produce cell-grade alumina from clay, the Bureau of Mines investigated the hydrogen chloride gas-sparging crystallization of aluminum chloride hexahydrate (ach) from aluminum chloride liquor, to provide information for optimizing the crystallization operation. (cdc.gov)
  • In this letter, the formation of W 18 O 49 (= WO 2.72 ) and the effect of the laser power, the wavelength on the morphology and structural properties of tungsten oxide nano-structured and thin films are reported. (springer.com)
  • In 1925, Hargar and McGrath suggested that urease was the biochemical basis for stone formation in infected urine [3]. (who.int)
  • Zone melting of solid anthracene and crystallization from benzene followed by sublimation are also effective purification techniques (Hampel and Hawley 1973). (cdc.gov)
  • During the formation of a schist or gneiss , the parent rock is heated sufficiently to mobilize its atoms. (encyclopedia.com)
  • Not until the early 20th century did Brown propose that urea-splitting bacteria were responsible for urinary ammonia, alkalinity, and stone formation. (medscape.com)
  • For particles with hard interactions it is only entropy that determines if a spontaneous phase transition like crystallization can take place. (uu.nl)
  • Crystal formation can be divided into two types, where the first type of crystals are composed of a cation and anion, also known as a salt, such as sodium acetate. (wikipedia.org)
  • These extended findings of icosahedral crystal formation induced by the frustration of being confined to crystallize inside a sphere lead to new fundamental insights into packing and crystallization under frustration. (uu.nl)
  • These findings do not only lead to new fundamental insights into packing and crystallization under frustration, but may also form a basis for the construction of photonic crystals with new properties. (uu.nl)
  • Van Blaaderen and Dijkstra and in collaboration with the groups of Prof. Sara Bals (University of Antwerp), who is an expert in electron microscopy tomography, and experts on binary crystallization from the group of Prof. Chris Murray (University of Pennsylvania). (uu.nl)
  • Grating structures consisting of nanocrystals have been fabricated on surface of tellurite-based glasses, with a composition of 15K 2 O-15Nb 2 O 5 -70TeO 2 (mol%), using photoinduced nano-crystallization. (elsevierpure.com)
  • Grating structures consisting of nanocrystals have been fabricated on surface of tellurite-based glasses, with a composition of 15K2O-15Nb2O5-70TeO2 (mol%), using photoinduced nano-crystallization. (elsevierpure.com)
  • article{ author = "Radonjić, L. and Todorović, M.. and Miladinović, Jelena", year = "2005", abstract = "The subject of this work is the study of nanostructured sodium niobate obtained by a controlled crystallisation of glass. (ac.rs)
  • The result shown that, with the addition of EPR in PP, the rate of crystallization became slower, the Maltese cross formation gradually disappeared and bead dispersion became evident. (4spe.org)
  • Escherichia coli does not produce urease and is not associated with struvite stone formation. (medscape.com)
  • Phase-change material Sc 0.2 Sb 2 Te 3 (SST) can remarkably boost the writing speed of memory devices due to the extremely fast crystallization. (osti.gov)
  • The subject of this work is the study of nanostructured sodium niobate obtained by a controlled crystallisation of glass. (ac.rs)
  • TY - JOUR AU - Radonjić, L. AU - Todorović, M.. AU - Miladinović, Jelena PY - 2005 UR - http://TechnoRep.tmf.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/733 AB - The subject of this work is the study of nanostructured sodium niobate obtained by a controlled crystallisation of glass. (ac.rs)
  • Radonjić L, Todorović M, Miladinović J. Glass formation and crystallisation behaviour of nanostructured sodium niobate by direct glass crystallisation. (ac.rs)
  • In a collaborative project, we study the role of group identities in the crystallization of the universalism-particularism cleavage, and in the growing antagonism between the New Left and the radical populist right. (lu.se)
  • Our results highlight the dual role of short aggregation core motifs in reversible amyloid formation and receptor binding. (nature.com)
  • Structural analysis reveals that different packing arrangements and orientational disorder of the spacer cations result in orientational degeneracy and different formation energies, largely explaining the difference in film properties. (nature.com)
  • Here, the crystallization strategy, methods and refinement procedures used to solve the structures of the core domain of the SIVmac239 isolate of Nef (Nef core ) in complex with two different TCR ζ fragments are described. (iucr.org)
  • Crystallization is a cheap and relatively straightforward way of purifying materials. (databasefootball.com)
  • In addition, such a simple method of phase mask usage was applied to formation of 2D array, and the 2D structures of nano-particles/holes were successfully obtained by laser irradiations. (elsevierpure.com)