• We previously showed that bioprinted human skeletal muscle constructs were able to form multi-layered bundles with aligned myofibers. (nature.com)
  • Neural input into this bioprinted skeletal muscle construct shows the improvement of myofiber formation, long-term survival, and neuromuscular junction formation in vitro. (nature.com)
  • Skeletal muscle injuries are associated with local infiltration of large numbers of mononuclear cell, degeneration of the injured myofibers and removal of the cell debris by phagocytosis. (cdc.gov)
  • Myofiber-specific ablation of IRE1α or XBP1 in mice diminishes skeletal muscle regeneration that is accompanied with reduced number of satellite cells. (elifesciences.org)
  • Myofiber-specific ablation of IRE1α dampens Notch signaling and canonical NF-κB pathway in skeletal muscle of adult mice. (elifesciences.org)
  • Skeletal muscle consists of muscle fibers, or myofibers-each of which is a single muscle cell-that are bound together and wrapped by connective tissue called the epimysium. (withings.com)
  • When skeletal muscle is injured due to physical or chemical insult, a pool of self-renewing muscle stem cells residing within the skeletal muscles, called satellite cells, can give rise to differentiated myofibers to repair injured muscle ( Charge & Rudinicki, 2004 Chargé SBP, Rudnicki MA. (scielo.br)
  • Isolation and culture of individual myofibers and their satellite cells from adult skeletal muscle. (scielo.br)
  • Skeletal muscle is a complex tissue composed of thousands of individual multinucleated myofibers. (arvojournals.org)
  • Skeletal muscle formation occurs through fusion of myoblasts to form multinucleated myofibers. (bvsalud.org)
  • Acute injury to skeletal muscle damages myofibers and fragment capillaries, impairing contractile function and local perfusion. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Following punch biopsy of adult skeletal muscle, regenerating microvessels span the wound and become perfused with blood prior to myofiber regeneration. (biomedcentral.com)
  • limb bud, skeletal muscle mass forms in unique, successive phases9. (physiciansontherise.org)
  • Between E12 and E16, fetal myoblasts fuse with both each other and embryonic myotubes to form fetal myofibers that serve as the foundation for future skeletal muscle. (physiciansontherise.org)
  • Anabolic Steroids (English after a period of time after stopping the myofiber hypertrophy and enhances physical capacity of skeletal muscle. (daddybegood.com)
  • Within five days of transplantation into muscle of mature mice, primary myoblasts had fused with host muscle cells to form hybrid myofibers. (rupress.org)
  • Only C2 myoblasts formed tumors. (rupress.org)
  • The properties of these cells after transplantation--the stability of resulting hybrid myofibers without immune suppression, the persistence of transgene expression, and the lack of tumorigenicity--suggest that studies of cell-mediated gene therapy using primary myoblasts can now be broadly applied to mouse models of human muscle and non-muscle diseases. (rupress.org)
  • Each myofiber is a multinucleate syncytium formed by fusion of immature muscle cells termed myoblasts . (medscape.com)
  • myofibers formed from prematurely differentiated myoblasts are dysfunctional. (vt.edu)
  • After several rounds of proliferation, most SCs differentiate into myoblasts, which fuse to form new myofibers [ 5 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Injection injury activates regeneration of host myofibers that fuse with the engrafted myoblasts, sharing their nuclei in a common gene pool of the syncytium. (jgc301.com)
  • These monocyte myoblasts proliferate and differentiate, following which, they fuse with existing muscle fibers to form multinucleated myotubes and myofibers. (kosfaj.org)
  • We decided E11, E12, E13, and E14 as period points for evaluation to trace advancement right from the start of embryonic myogenesis, when the Pax3+ dermomyotome-derived cells enter the myogenic lineage, towards the onset of fetal myogenesis, when the myoblasts/myotubes begin to type myofibers. (physiciansontherise.org)
  • Single myofiber reconstructions showed that multiple BrdU-positive myonuclei were added to individual myofibers. (arvojournals.org)
  • 1 2 Residing outside the sarcolemma but within the basal lamina of individual myofibers is a population of cells that are responsible for muscle repair and regeneration, the satellite cells. (arvojournals.org)
  • Sorting single satellite cells from individual myofibers reveals heterogeneity in cell-surface markers and myogenic capacity. (ca.gov)
  • Typical light microscopic changes included myofiber necrosis with interstitial edema and inflammatory infiltration in areas of acute injury. (aspetjournals.org)
  • Necrotizing autoimmune myopathies (NAM) have recently been defined as a distinct group of severe acquired myopathies, characterized by prominent myofiber necrosis without significant muscle inflammation. (biomedcentral.com)
  • We hypothesized that dystrophin deletion leads to mitochondrial dysfunction, and that this may occur before myofiber necrosis. (frontiersin.org)
  • These results are in line with previous data and suggest that before the onset of myofiber necrosis, mitochondrial and metabolic abnormalities are present within the mdx mouse. (frontiersin.org)
  • No specific findings were reported from the initial LM of the left biceps brachii biopsy specimen except for degradation and necrosis of myofibers. (cdc.gov)
  • The activated satellite cells proliferate, migrate and fuse with other cells to form new multinucleated myotubest and eventually replace the disrupted myofibers. (cdc.gov)
  • 5) Satellite cells proliferate , differentiate, and fuse with existing myofibers. (english-dictionary.help)
  • In contrast, the change in expression from the immature to the mature form of the NaCh isoform that normally accompanies development occurred only partially on muscles regenerating in the absence of innervation. (rupress.org)
  • All superior and inferior rectus muscles from both globes were examined for BrdU incorporation, MyoD expression, neonatal and developmental myosin heavy chain (MyHC) isoform expression, and myofiber cross-sectional area alterations. (arvojournals.org)
  • The addition of BrdU-positive myonuclei increased from 1 per 1000 myofibers in cross sections of control muscles to 2 to 3 per 100 myofibers in the resected muscles. (arvojournals.org)
  • Both active and passive stretch of the rectus muscles produced by strabismus surgery dramatically upregulated the processes of satellite cell activation, integration of new myonuclei into existing myofibers, and concomitant upregulation of immature myosin heavy chain isoforms. (arvojournals.org)
  • There are a number of factors that initiate myofiber remodeling in adult skeletal muscles. (arvojournals.org)
  • The classic form also presents with the characteristic "myopathic face" or "hatchet face" due to weakness and wasting of the facial, levator palpebrae, and masticatory muscles. (rxharun.com)
  • It works by increasing the number of myofiber cells in your muscles. (theproteinbars.com)
  • The gummies contain various forms of creatine, varying in potency and dosage, and when mixed in with water it can increase the amount of creatine in your muscles. (theproteinbars.com)
  • The success of myoblast transplantation for correction of intrinsic muscle defects depends on the fusion of implanted cells with host myofibers. (rupress.org)
  • The muscle biopsy findings are very uniform and multilayered basal lamina as well as extrusion of the debris out of the myofibers (exocytosis) appear to be unique features of XMEA, which differentiates it from other AVSFs, some with identified gene defects like Danon disease, some with known linkage to chromosome 19 and some with no genetic data available so far. (enmc.org)
  • These cells are located beneath the basal lamina of myofiber in a dormant state. (elifesciences.org)
  • In either case, new myofibers formed within the original basal lamina sheaths, and, NaChs became concentrated at regenerating endplates nearly as soon as they formed. (rupress.org)
  • In these models, efferocytosis removes cellular debris while basal laminae persist to provide guidance during myofiber and microvessel regeneration. (biomedcentral.com)
  • We found a significant population of Sca-1+ satellite cells that form myotubes, thereby demonstrating the myogenic potential of Sca-1+ cells, which are currently excluded in bulk sorting. (aps.org)
  • Myomaker, encoded by Mymk (Tmem8c), is a well-conserved plasma membrane protein required for myoblast fusion to form multinucleated myotubes in mouse, chick, and zebrafish. (bvsalud.org)
  • The findings shed new light on mechanisms of regeneration of healthy myofibers after severe tissue injury and suggest interplay between these fibers and muscle satellite cells though mechanisms remain to be elucidated. (elifesciences.org)
  • Approximately 20-80 muscle fibers are grouped together to form a fascicle. (withings.com)
  • Mature muscle cells are termed muscle fibers or myofibers and they are often simply referred to as fibers . (medscape.com)
  • Type 1 myofibers are the slow-twitch fibers. (medscape.com)
  • Type 2 myofibers are the fast-twitch fibers. (medscape.com)
  • Addition of new myonuclei occurred in random locations along the myofiber length of single fibers. (arvojournals.org)
  • 3 When a muscle is injured, this specialized cell population becomes activated, divides, and either repairs damaged fibers or forms new myofibers. (arvojournals.org)
  • A motor unit (MU) is formed by a single alpha motor neuron (MN) and the muscle fibers it innervates. (biomedcentral.com)
  • These fibers together form muscle mass. (vekhayn.com)
  • Myofiber cells produce myofibrils (or myofibers), which are the main component of muscle fibers. (theproteinbars.com)
  • This is referred to as myofiber disarray and it can sometimes lead to arrhythmia. (news-medical.net)
  • Along with HCM these genes cause an abnormal arrangement of heart muscle cells called myofibre disarray. (ysjournal.com)
  • It is unknown whether the spatiotemporal coupling between myofiber and microvascular regeneration persists when muscle tissue is completely removed and local guidance cues are lost. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The loss of residual guidance cues with complete tissue removal disrupts the spatiotemporal correspondence between microvascular and myofiber regeneration. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Whether microvascular regeneration and myofiber regeneration following injury may proceed sequentially has not been resolved. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Therefore, as an alternative approach to test the interdependence of microvascular and myofiber regeneration following acute injury, a punch biopsy (diameter, 2 mm) was performed through the mouse gluteus maximus (GM) muscle. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Adherent cardiomyocytes responded to the spatial constraints by forming elongated, rod-shaped cells whose myofibrils aligned parallel to the laminin lanes. (gladstone.org)
  • Rates of myofiber central nucleation, tissue fibrosis, and serum creatine kinase levels were dramatically reduced in Sgcd-/- and mdx mice with the SERCA1 transgene, which also rescued the loss of exercise capacity in Sgcd-/- mice. (jci.org)
  • The use of a muscle creatine kinase germline knockout of the gene encoding Ire1/Ern1 shifts the focus from traditional studies of tissue repair toward the regenerating myofibers. (elifesciences.org)
  • 1) If cloning by fission is viewed more generally as a form of tissue modeling seen in all metazoans, in which some cells proliferate and others die, knowledge from other organisms can suggest candidate genes. (english-dictionary.help)
  • Confocal imaging and histological analyses of whole-mount GM preparations and tissue cross-sections assessed the growth of microvessels and myofibers into the wound. (biomedcentral.com)
  • SERCA1 overexpression reversed a defect in sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ reuptake that characterizes dystrophic myofibers and reduced total cytosolic Ca2+. (jci.org)
  • Here is an example to illustrate the lack of specificity of histopathologic findings and the importance of clinical information for interpretation of a muscle biopsy: A biopsy might exhibit myofibers that contain clear vacuoles on hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) sections. (medscape.com)
  • 4) Upon muscle injury, these cells undergo mitosis, proliferate , form syncytium and ultimately form new skeletal myocytes. (english-dictionary.help)
  • 3D skeletal myogenic differentiation of pluripotent cells was induced within hydrogels under tension to provide myofiber alignment. (figshare.com)
  • B ) Percentage of myofibers with centrally located nuclei in quadriceps and soleus from TRPC3 Tg and TRPC3/SERCA1 double-Tg mice. (jci.org)
  • Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is the most common and severe form of muscular dystrophy and affects boys in infancy or early childhood. (nature.com)
  • The common signs of the intestinal form are severe vomiting and severe haemmorhagic (bloody) diarrhea. (furrycritter.com)
  • Pathological cellular hallmarks of incurable forms of severe muscular dystrophy could be modeled with high fidelity using this 3D platform. (figshare.com)
  • In XMEA the defect in VMA21 results in too little amount of V-ATPase, consequently too few hydrogen ions are pumped into the autophagic vacuoles (= too high pH) and therefore the cell debris within the autophagic vacuoles cannot be degraded but instead it accumulates within the myofibers. (enmc.org)
  • They have in common the presence of vacuoles within the sarcoplasm of the diseased myofibers. (enmc.org)
  • It has become evident that the structure of the vacuoles is not the same in different vacuolar myopathies and their structure reflects the reason why vacuoles are formed. (enmc.org)
  • As increased neuromuscular junctions are expected to maintain myofiber volume, bFGF administration may prevent thyroarytenoid muscle atrophy in the mid to long term. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Neuromuscular junctions (NMJs) are highly specialized synapses that form between the MN axon terminal and myofibers [ 3 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Using pores functionalized with specific antibodies and measuring the transit time of cells passing through these pores, we discovered remarkable heterogeneity in the expression of these markers in muscle (satellite) stem cells that reside in different single myofibers. (aps.org)
  • Microniche-specific variation in stem cells of the same organ has not been previously described, as bulk analysis does not discriminate between separate myofibers or even separate hind-leg muscle groups. (aps.org)
  • Using our unique platform, we have discovered a remarkable heterogeneity in both the regenerative capacity and expression of CXCR4, beta1-integrin, Sca-1, M-cadherin, Syndecan-4, and Notch-1 in freshly isolated muscle stem (satellite) cells residing on different, single myofibers and have identified a small population of Sca-1(+)/Myf5(+) myogenic satellite cells. (ca.gov)
  • Antigen labeling was detected in neurons in the cerebral hemispheres and brain stem and in glia cells throughout the brain ( Figure , panel B). Rare Purkinje cells and neurons in peripheral ganglia (e.g., of the gizzard) as well as cardiac myofibers and renal tubular epithelial cells were positive for viral antigen. (cdc.gov)
  • These constructs (mm 3 -cm 3 scale) consisted of tens to hundreds of long parallel myofiber bundles, containing densely packed, highly viable, and aligned muscle cells. (nature.com)
  • The cells enlarge and become disorganised in their arrangement, rather than forming straight lines. (news-medical.net)
  • Ex vivo cultures of myofiber explants demonstrate that ablation of IRE1α reduces the proliferative capacity of myofiber-associated satellite cells. (elifesciences.org)
  • In the resected muscle and in the passively stretched antagonist muscle, there was a dramatic increase in the number of myofibers positive for neonatal MyHC and in the number of BrdU- and MyoD-positive satellite cells. (arvojournals.org)
  • Muscle cells are also called myofibers in some circles. (vekhayn.com)
  • 14) The cells remaining in the ruptured follicle proliferate rapidly and form the corpus luteum. (english-dictionary.help)
  • Myofibers and microvessels regenerate from satellite cells and from surviving microvessel fragments, respectively, to restore intact muscle. (biomedcentral.com)
  • During this process, the fatty acids can be released from cellular sources within the body, which is a form of fat release by fat cells. (mt-thouse.com)
  • The generation of ATP is a universal process in all cells that occurs through the enzymatic machinery of the mitochondrial electron transport chain (ETC). In short, the ETC utilizes free hydrogen to create an electrochemical gradient between the inner and outer mitochondrial membrane that generates a covalent bond between ADP and inorganic phosphate to make ATP as the storage form of energy. (veteriankey.com)
  • When you eat a creatine monohydrate supplement, you get the effect of increasing the number of myofiber cells right away. (theproteinbars.com)
  • In vitro generation of differentiated cardiac myofibers on micropatterned laminin surfaces. (gladstone.org)
  • We have designed a novel three-dimensional (3D) bilayer hydrogel tri-culture system where architecturally organized MUs can form in vitro. (biomedcentral.com)
  • iPMCs could be maintained for at least 6 months in the presence of small molecules and formed dystrophin-expressing myofibers when transplanted into mice. (tocris.com)
  • myotubular myopathy a form marked by myofibers resembling the myotubules of early fetal muscle. (searchandrestore.com)
  • Congenital Myotonic Dystrophy (CDM) - The congenital form presents in about 15% of cases, with fetal-onset involvement of muscle and the CNS, and typically is seen in those with more than 1,000 repeats. (rxharun.com)
  • A positive result allows ascribing patients with a necrotizing myopathy to an autoimmune form. (biomedcentral.com)
  • There are two major forms recognized based on clinical and molecular presentation: Myotonic dystrophy type I (DM1), known as Steinert disease, and myotonic dystrophy type II (DM2), or proximal myotonic myopathy which is a milder variety of DMI. (rxharun.com)
  • Clinically, the intestinal form of the infection can sometimes be confused with coronavirus or other forms of enteritis. (wikipedia.org)
  • It has two distinct presentations, a cardiac and intestinal form. (furrycritter.com)
  • Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is a progressive form of muscular dystrophy which typically affects male infants. (nature.com)
  • The diagnosis of NAM may be difficult, notably in slowly progressive forms in young adults, since histopathological features mimic some forms of muscular dystrophies and some patients may remain without diagnosis for years. (biomedcentral.com)
  • This case of muscular dystrophy represents a slowly progressive form with organ agenesis. (tamu.edu)
  • There was no correlation between myofibers with BrdU-positive myonuclei and neonatal MyHC isoform expression. (arvojournals.org)
  • Our results suggest a novel therapeutic approach using SERCA1 to abrogate the altered intracellular Ca2+ levels that underlie most forms of MD. (jci.org)
  • The cardiac form is typically easier to diagnose because the symptoms are distinct. (wikipedia.org)
  • The cardiac form causes respiratory or cardiovascular failure in young puppies. (furrycritter.com)
  • Sarcoplasm, the cytoplasm of each myofiber, is occupied largely by the contractile apparatus of the cell. (medscape.com)
  • ELPs are a kind of artificial intrinsically disordered protein (IDP), which are proteins that do not fold in the typical way but rather maintain an unfolded (disordered) form that permits multivalent behavior. (duke.edu)
  • Therefore, there is a need for alternative strategies, including combination-based therapies, to be developed from a more complete understanding of the cellular and physiological impact of dystrophin loss upon the myofiber. (frontiersin.org)
  • ATP is ultimately formed from the generation of hydrogenated nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH) and dihydrogenated flavin adenine dinucleotide (FADH 2 ) in the citric acid cycle within mitochondria. (veteriankey.com)
  • The 2 basic myofiber types are type 1 and type 2. (medscape.com)
  • Comparison of the histologic features of type 1 and type 2 myofibers. (medscape.com)
  • They have a slow contraction time following electrical stimulation, and they generate less force than type 2 myofibers. (medscape.com)
  • A congenital form of DM type 1 is associated with an apparent developmental disability. (rxharun.com)
  • This allows space for the myofibers to grow well. (vekhayn.com)
  • Understanding the effects of strabismus surgery on muscle cell biological reactions and myofiber remodeling may suggest new approaches for improving surgical outcomes. (arvojournals.org)