Follicular b cells in lymphoid follicles. Medical search. Frequent questions

Lymphocytes and plasma cells infiltrate into the thyroid gland and may aggregate into lymphoid follicles. (medscape.com)
By immunostains, the lymphocytes are predominantly T cells, and plasma cells are polyclonal, expressing both kappa and lambda light chains. (cap.org)
However, these neoplasms have a distinct nodular appearance without abundant lymphocytes and plasma cells typically seen in Hashimoto thyroiditis. (cap.org)
infiltrate included lymphocytes and plasma cells around the perivascular zones. (cdc.gov)
A group of heterogeneous lymphoid tumors generally expressing one or more B-cell antigens or representing malignant transformations of B-lymphocytes. (lookformedical.com)
They are short-lived cells resembling bursa-derived lymphocytes of birds in their production of immunoglobulin upon appropriate stimulation. (lookformedical.com)
A group of heterogeneous lymphoid tumors representing malignant transformations of T-lymphocytes. (lookformedical.com)
The nodules resemble to some extent the GERMINAL CENTER of lymph node follicles and most likely represent neoplastic proliferation of lymph node-derived follicular center B-LYMPHOCYTES. (lookformedical.com)
A form of non-Hodgkin lymphoma having a usually diffuse pattern with both small and medium lymphocytes and small cleaved cells. (lookformedical.com)
A classification of B-lymphocytes based on structurally or functionally different populations of cells. (lookformedical.com)
We applied a western blot analyses to compare the relative percentage of the di-, mono- and unglycosylated PrPC (i.e. glycoform ratio) as well as the expression of truncated PrPC forms in tissues from the CNS and lymphoid structures (lymphoid follicles, lymphocytes and follicular dendritic cells) of bovine and human. (unibo.it)
Follicular dendritic cells (FDC) form a tight meshwork in primary and secondary lymphoid follicles and interact with T and B lymphocytes through antigen presentation and generation and regulation of the germinal centre reaction [ 2 , 3 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
The microarchitecture of secondary lymphoid organs plays an important role in facilitating the activation and maturation of antigen-specific lymphocytes and ultimately the mounting of an adaptive immune response ( 1 ). (rupress.org)
Pathologically, there is extensive infiltration of lymphocytes with lymphoid follicles and scarring. (merckmanuals.com)
This occurs due to polyclonal proliferation of lymphocytes (clonal T cell receptor gene arrangement). (rahulgladwin.com)
Naive B cells, which most likely initial encounter antigen in the interfollicular area from the lymph node cortex, enter the principal lymphoid follicles where they go through rapid proliferation powered by antigen and cytokines secreted by helper T lymphocytes (5, 6). (informationalwebs.com)
They produce a large number of lymphocytes and leukocyte phagocytes - immune cells that protect the respiratory system from infection. (dr-ismail.com)
8 That is perhaps because B lymphocytes stimulate maturation of follicular dendritic cells (FDCs) by giving tumor necrosis aspect- (TNF-) and lymphotoxin / (LT/) trimers to lymphoid organs. (kinasechem.com)
Furthermore, B lymphocytes exert a significant organogenic function in the GALT 21,22 and so are apt to be mixed up in B cell-dependent advancement of the follicle-associated epithelium (FAE). (kinasechem.com)
B cells (B lymphocytes) are found in the cortex, with T cells (T lymphocytes) and dendritic cells in the paracortex. (healthtian.com)
A reticular network in the nodes provides structural support and a surface for the lymphocytes' adhesion, dendritic cells, and macrophages. (healthtian.com)
The principal cells of the adaptive immune system are the lymphocytes, APCs, and effector cells. (pediagenosis.com)
Lymphocytes make up approximately 36% of the total white cell count and are the primary cells of the adaptive immune response. (pediagenosis.com)
They arise from the lymphoid stem cell line in the bone marrow and differentiate into two distinct but inter-related cell types: the B lymphocytes and T lymphocytes. (pediagenosis.com)
B lymphocytes are responsible for forming the antibodies that provide humoral immunity, whereas T lymphocytes provide cell-mediated immunity. (pediagenosis.com)
T and B lymphocytes are unique in that they are the only cells in the body capable of recognizing specific antigens present on the surfaces of microbial agents and other pathogens. (pediagenosis.com)
They are capable of processing complex antigens into epitopes, which are then displayed on their cell membranes in order to activate the appropriate lymphocytes. (pediagenosis.com)
In the body, helper T lymphocytes activate other lymphocytes and phagocytes, while regulatory T cells keep these cells in check so that an exaggerated immune response does not occur. (pediagenosis.com)
Cytotoxic T lymphocytes, macrophages, and other leukocytes function as effector cells in different immune responses. (pediagenosis.com)
While T and B lymphocytes are generated from lymphoid stem cells in the bone marrow, they do not stay there to mature. (pediagenosis.com)
Undifferentiated, immature lymphocytes migrate to lymphoid tissues, where they develop into distinct types of mature lymphocytes (Fig. 13.5). (pediagenosis.com)
Once this differentiation occurs, the lymphocytes leave the thymus gland and migrate via the bloodstream to peripheral lymphoid tissue. (pediagenosis.com)
Unlike the T lymphocytes, where the entire cell is involved in the immune response, B lymphocytes secrete antibodies, which then act as the reactive agent in the immune process. (pediagenosis.com)
Therefore, the lymphocytes are distinguished by their function and response to antigen, their cell membrane molecules and receptors, their types of secreted proteins, and their tissue location. (pediagenosis.com)
When antigens come in contact with the lymphocytes in the lymphoid tissues of the body, specific T cells become activated and specific B cells are stimulated to produce antibodies. (pediagenosis.com)
Cell-mediated and humoral immunity is capable of responding to millions of antigens each day because there is an enormous variety of lymphocytes that have been programmed and selected during cellular development. (pediagenosis.com)
It preferentially promotes the migration of B lymphocytes (both B-1 and B-2) to the follicles of the spleen, lymph nodes, and Peyer's patches. (thermofisher.com)

A significantly higher prevalence of Hashimoto thyroiditis was found in patients with mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma or with mixed MALT/diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) than in those with DLBCL alone. (medscape.com)
OBJECTIVES:Immunoglobulin G4-related sclerosing cholangitis (IgG4-SC) and autoimmune pancreatitis (AIP) are characterized by an abundance of circulating and tissue IgG4-positive plasma cells. (ox.ac.uk)
Tissue Tfh cells were characterized in IgG4-SC/AIP (n = 12) and disease control (n = 10) specimens. (ox.ac.uk)
CONCLUSIONS:Circulating and tissue-activated Tfh cells are expanded in IgG4-SC/AIP, correlate with disease activity, and can drive class switch and proliferation of IgG4-committed B cells. (ox.ac.uk)
A general term for various neoplastic diseases of the lymphoid tissue. (lookformedical.com)
Cells grown in vitro from neoplastic tissue. (lookformedical.com)
Any of a group of malignant tumors of lymphoid tissue that differ from HODGKIN DISEASE, being more heterogeneous with respect to malignant cell lineage, clinical course, prognosis, and therapy. (lookformedical.com)
Extranodal lymphoma of lymphoid tissue associated with mucosa that is in contact with exogenous antigens. (lookformedical.com)
Many of the sites of these lymphomas, such as the stomach, salivary gland, and thyroid, are normally devoid of lymphoid tissue. (lookformedical.com)
They acquire mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) type as a result of an immunologically mediated disorder. (lookformedical.com)
Given that cellular prion protein (PrPC), is sine qua non for PrP-res formation and the development of TSE, it is well possible that tissue-specific PrPC properties may represent one of the host factors influencing the cell tropism of the infectious agent. (unibo.it)
The t(14;18)(q32;q21) involving the Immunoglobulin heavy chain locus (IGH) at 14q32 and the Mucosa Associated Lymphoid Tissue Lymphoma Translocation gene 1 (MALT1) at 18q21 is a recurrent abnormality in MALT lymphoma 1 . (ogt.com)
Extranodal marginal zone B-cell lymphoma of the mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue is listed as a distinct clinicopathologic entity. (ogt.com)
therefore, MALT is understood to include gut-associated lymphoid tissue (GALT), bronchial/tracheal-associated lymphoid tissue (BALT), nose-associated lymphoid tissue (NALT), and vulvovaginal-associated lymphoid tissue (VALT). (medscape.com)
Major accumulations of lymphoid tissue are found in the lamina propria of the intestine. (medscape.com)
M cells in the intestinal epithelium overlying Peyer patches allow transport of antigens to the lymphoid tissue beneath it. (medscape.com)
Thus, these data support a role for IL-10 in maintaining a pool of target cells in lymphoid tissue that serve as a niche for viral persistence. (nih.gov)
Our recent data suggest that the presence of B-cell follicles in inducible bronchus-associated lymphoid tissue (iBALT)-containing granulomas is indicative of protective granulomas that mediate Mtb control during LTBI. (wustl.edu)
Reactive hyperplasia: benign, reversible enlargement of lymphoid tissue due to antigenic stimulus. (rahulgladwin.com)
Infectious agents that cause inflammation of the lymphoid tissue of the throat include bacteria, viruses, fungi. (dr-ismail.com)
The structure of the tonsils is represented by lymphoid tissue with narrow branched channels and depressions (lacunae or follicles). (dr-ismail.com)
3 Pursuing experimental dental or intragastric publicity of rodents to scrapie, infectivity and/or disease-associated protease-resistant prion proteins (PrPSc) accumulate quickly in Peyers areas (PPs), gut-associated lymphoid tissue (GALT), and ganglia from the enteric anxious program 4,5 a long time before they are discovered in the central anxious system (CNS). (kinasechem.com)
Likewise, pursuing experimental dental publicity of non-human sheep or primates to BSE, PrPSc was discovered in lymphoid tissue draining the gastrointestinal tract initial, long before recognition in the CNS. (kinasechem.com)
9 Early PrPSc deposition could be discovered in FDCs within B cell follicles in lymphoid tissue of sufferers with vCJD 10 and in rodents inoculated with scrapie by peripheral routes. (kinasechem.com)
Here we show that prion replication in the GALT and subsequent neuroinvasion was independent of B cells within the mucosa-associated lymphatic tissue and that the remaining M 6H05 cells are most likely important for this process. (kinasechem.com)
A lymph node contains lymphoid tissue, a meshwork of fibers called reticulum with white blood cells (WBCs) entangled in it. (healthtian.com)

The tumor cells of Burkitt's lymphoma are relatively mature B cells, which express monoclonal cell membrane surface immunoglobulins such as sIg, CD19, CD20 and CD10. (mtitles.com)
Follicular lymphoma (follicular lymphoma) Follicular lymphoma is an indolent B-cell tumor derived from cells in the germinal center of lymphoid follicles. (mtitles.com)
Lymphoma b cell. (lookformedical.com)
B-cell antigens are expressed on the immature cells that make up the tumor in virtually all cases of Burkitt lymphoma. (lookformedical.com)
Malignant lymphoma composed of large B lymphoid cells whose nuclear size can exceed normal macrophage nuclei, or more than twice the size of a normal lymphocyte. (lookformedical.com)
Malignant lymphoma in which the lymphomatous cells are clustered into identifiable nodules within the LYMPH NODES. (lookformedical.com)
The molecular characteristics of the t(14;18) resemble those found in the t(14;18)/IGH-BCL2 (follicular lymphoma) and t(11;14)/MALT1-IGH (mantle cell lymphoma), suggesting that these translocations could be generated by common pathomechanisms involving illegitimate V(D)J-mediated recombination of IGH as well as non-homologous end joining (NHEJ) or alternative NHEJ repair pathways 1 . (ogt.com)
Mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) is a lymphoproliferative disorder derived from a subset of naive pregerminal center cells localized in primary follicles or in the mantle region of secondary follicles. (medscape.com)
Mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) is recognized in the Revised European-American Lymphoma and World Health Organization classifications as a distinct clinicopathologic entity. (medscape.com)
it was frequently categorized as diffuse small-cleaved cell lymphoma (by the International Working Formulation) or centrocytic lymphoma (by the Kiel classification). (medscape.com)
Distinction between atypical lymphoid proliferations with follicular pattern and follicular lymphoma. (medscape.com)
Follicular lymphoma manifesting with skin involvement only is considered to be a more aggressive disease than PCFCL. (cancertherapyadvisor.com)
Skin lesions in patients with follicular lymphoma may indicate systemic disease, even in the absence of lymph node involvement. (cancertherapyadvisor.com)
Follicular lymphoma typically manifests as a B-cell lymphoma in which irregularly shaped follicles replace the normal structure of the lymph node. (cancertherapyadvisor.com)
Although follicular lymphoma can spread beyond the lymph nodes, only a minority of cases involve extranodal disease at presentation. (cancertherapyadvisor.com)
Further complicating the diagnosis when a patient presents with skin-related extranodal follicular disease in the absence of lymph node involvement is the need to distinguish it from primary cutaneous follicle center lymphoma (PCFCL). (cancertherapyadvisor.com)
Additional testing involving immunohistochemical staining revealed the lymphoid lesions were positive for CD10, CD20, and BCL2, and negative for CD3 and CD21, a pattern consistent with follicular lymphoma. (cancertherapyadvisor.com)
Furthermore, fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) testing revealed the presence of an IGH-BCL2 gene fusion, a hallmark of follicular lymphoma. (cancertherapyadvisor.com)
On the basis of these results, as well as the absence of evidence of nodal or visceral involvement, stage IE follicular lymphoma was diagnosed, and the lesions were cleared following treatment with a high-potency topical corticosteroid. (cancertherapyadvisor.com)
Close surveillance over the course of the following year revealed a left axillary swelling on CT scan that subsequent histopathological examination determined to be a composite of follicular lymphoma and Hodgkin lymphoma . (cancertherapyadvisor.com)
Given the presence of localized Hodgkin disease, as well as follicular lymphoma characterized by a low tumor burden, the patient was treated with a short course of combination chemotherapy with doxorubicin, bleomycin, vinblastine, and dacarbazine (ABVD) plus local radiation therapy. (cancertherapyadvisor.com)
It is very important to distinguish between PCFCL and skin lesions of follicular lymphoma because they are different in prognosis," the authors concluded. (cancertherapyadvisor.com)
Case of follicular lymphoma presenting with nodules and plaques on the face [published online April 24, 2019]. (cancertherapyadvisor.com)

Activated CXCR5+ Tfh cells homed to lymphoid follicles in IgG4-SC/AIP tissues. (ox.ac.uk)
NHL lesions are malignant tumors that mainly occur in lymph nodes, spleen, thymus and other lymphoid organs, and can also occur in lymphoid tissues and organs outside the lymph nodes. (mtitles.com)
The T cell populations that help B cells in autoimmune diseases vary in phenotype and include T follicular helper (Tfh) cells, which reside in follicles of secondary lymphoid organs, as well as T peripheral helper (Tph) cells, which are B cell-helper T cells that migrate to inflamed peripheral tissues such as the rheumatoid joint and the kidney. (lupusresearch.org)
Interfering with Tph cell function would abrogate CXCL13 production and the accumulation of lymphoid aggregates within chronically inflamed tissues. (lupusresearch.org)
This mode of cell death serves as a balance to mitosis in regulating the size of animal tissues and in mediating pathologic processes associated with tumor growth. (lookformedical.com)
Analyses of TNFR1/RelA-deficient embryonic tissues and of radiation chimeras suggest that the dependence on RelA is manifest not in hematopoietic cells but rather in radioresistant stromal cells needed for the development of secondary lymphoid organs. (rupress.org)
North blot evaluation indicated the fact that human gene is certainly portrayed as two additionally spliced messenger RNAs within GC B cells at amounts significantly exceeding that found in other tissues. (informationalwebs.com)
These mice are well-suited to dissect the function of mucosa-associated immune system tissues as a result, including B cells, in the pathogenesis of enterically-initiated prion disease. (kinasechem.com)
These data demonstrate that African green monkey-like natural killer cell differentiation profiles can be rescued in rhesus macaques to promote viral clearance in tissues. (nature.com)

Typically, the thyroid gland shows diffuse lymphocytic and plasma cell infiltration with formation of lymphoid follicles from follicular hyperplasia and damage to the follicular basement membrane. (medscape.com)
Follicular hyperplasia: increase in the number and size of follicles. (rahulgladwin.com)
Lymphoid proliferations are traditionally thought to be either benign conditions (reactive hyperplasia and lymphadenitis) or malignant lymphomas. (medscape.com)
MT2/CD45RA and anti-bcl-2 protein (Bcl-2) monoclonal antibodies are useful markers in distinguishing follicular lymphomas from reactive follicular hyperplasia of the lymph nodes. (unicatt.it)

On microscopic examination of the thyroid gland, there is dense lymphoplasmacytic infiltration and lymphoid follicle formation with well-developed germinal centers. (cap.org)
In addition, ectopic germinal centers characterized by CD21 + follicular dendritic cells were present in the renal interstitium. (biomedcentral.com)
Primed T cells and antigen-activated B cells then migrate into the primary follicles where they associate with follicular dendritic cells (FDCs), giving rise to germinal centers (GCs). (rupress.org)
Plasma IgA level was reduced by 46% by 28 days post infection (dpi), and no IgA plasma cells were found within germinal centers of Peyer's Patches and isolated lymphoid follicles. (biomedcentral.com)
This lack of a T-dependent IgA response occurs although germinal centers remained functional with no sign of follicular damage, while a prolonged survival of follicular CD4+ T-cells and normal generation of IgG plasma cells is observed. (biomedcentral.com)
IgA are produced from plasmablasts (plasma cell precursors) generated in germinal centers (GC) of Peyer's patches (PP) and mesenteric lymph nodes that constitute major inductive sites of T-dependent IgA antibodies. (biomedcentral.com)
These follicles, having true germinal centers, are similar to the follicles of the spleen and lymph nodes. (medscape.com)
B cells that mediate normal, T cellCdependent, humoral defense responses must initial go through germinal centers (GCs) inside the cortex of antigenically stimulated lymph nodes. (informationalwebs.com)
Germinal centers (GCs)1 are sites of B cell advancement critical towards the mounting of regular humoral immune system replies Obatoclax mesylate cost (1C4). (informationalwebs.com)
Our results suggest that MT2 and anti-Bcl-2 antibodies are only of limited value in differentiating primary cutaneous follicle center lymphomas from cutaneous pseudolymphomas with germinal centers. (unicatt.it)

A group of T cells called T peripheral helper (Tph) cells is thought to misdirect immune response seen in lupus by producing an inflammatory substance CXCL13 that attaches to a molecule CXCR5 on the surface of B cells which may lead to the generation of autoantibodies that attack and damage organs in patients with lupus. (lupusresearch.org)
3. CXCR5 is the receptor for the chemokine CXCL13, secreted by follicular stromal cells and follicular dendritic cells in the B cell zones (i.e., lymphoid follicles) of secondary lymphoid organs. (justaaa.com)
After deglycosylation, a novel PrPC truncated form with a relative molecular mass of about 25 kDa was detected in bovine lymphoid organs beside the 18 and 21 kDa forms. (unibo.it)
Targeted gene deletion and radiation chimera analyses have provided insights into the molecular machinery underlying the development of secondary lymphoid organs, emphasizing the importance of crosstalk between hematopoietic and nonhematopoietic cells. (rupress.org)
18-20 Apart from the GALT, lymphoid organs of 7? (kinasechem.com)
CXCL13, also known as BCA-1 and Angie, is a small chemokine strongly expressed in the secondary lymphoid organs. (thermofisher.com)

In this context, a new molecule, B-cell activating factor (BAFF), has emerged as a positive regulator of B cell survival and differentiation functioning through various signaling pathways and potentiating the activity of various receptor complexes through pleiotropic means. (medsci.org)
T-follicular helper (Tfh) cells are necessary for B-cell differentiation into plasma cells. (ox.ac.uk)
Activated PD1+ Tfh cells were cocultured with CD27+ memory B cells to assess their capacity to support B-cell differentiation. (ox.ac.uk)
Tph cells and Tfh cells share the ability to recruit B cells via the production of a B cell chemoattractant CXCL13 and then promote B cell differentiation through both surface interactions and secreted cytokines. (lupusresearch.org)
Here, they undergo antigen-driven clonal expansion and differentiation into plasma and memory cells. (rupress.org)
Interleukin-10 (IL-10) is an immunosuppressive cytokine that signals through STAT3 to regulate T follicular helper (Tfh) cell differentiation and germinal center formation. (nih.gov)
Our research focuses on developmental pathways that regulate hematopoietic cell growth and differentiation and are disrupted in the course of neoplastic transformation, particularly in leukemias and lymphomas. (stanford.edu)
define NK cell differentiation states based on their education via NKG2a and expression of CD16 (FcγRIII), an activating Fc receptor that mediates antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) 8 , and demonstrate that nonpathogenic SIVagm infection in African green monkeys (AGMs) imprints the maturation of NK cells inducing terminally differentiated NKG2a low CD16 + NK cells, which express high levels of interleukin (IL)−21R. (nature.com)
The nomenclature for the surface proteins utilizes the letters "CD" followed by a number that specifies the surface proteins that define a particular cell type or stage of cell differentiation and are recognized by a cluster or group of antibodies. (pediagenosis.com)

Thyroid biopsy reveals lymphocytic infiltration as in Hashimoto thyroiditis but without lymphoid follicles and scarring. (msdmanuals.com)
Characteristic pathological changes are focal lymphocytic infiltration around the epithelial ducts and production of autoantibody by hyperactive B cells [ 2 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
This is followed by lymphocytic infiltration of the thyroid gland with lymphoid follicles replacing thyroid follicles. (radiopaedia.org)
These results suggest that AVPR2 expression can influence the infiltration of tumour immune cells. (biomedcentral.com)
Finally, we found that only high levels of B-cell infiltration, rather than those of other immune cells, can predict a longer overall survival in patients with HNSCC. (biomedcentral.com)

Stimulation from helper T cells is also required for centroblast development. (wikipedia.org)
Interaction between CD40 ligand on an activated T helper cell and the B cell CD40 receptor induces centroblasts to express activation-induced cytidine deaminase, leading to somatic hypermutation, allowing the B cell receptor to potentially gain stronger affinity for an antigen. (wikipedia.org)
In the absence of FDC and helper T cell stimulation, centroblasts are unable to differentiate and will undergo CD95-mediated apoptosis. (wikipedia.org)
CD27 is an important marker for germinal center formation in the lymphoid follicle and is produced by centroblasts interacting with CD28+ helper T cells. (wikipedia.org)
Activated T-Follicular Helper 2 Cells Are Associated With Disease Activity in IgG4-Related Sclerosing Cholangitis and Pancreatitis. (ox.ac.uk)

Pre-B-cell ALL/LBL patients are mainly children under 10 years of age, with extensive bone marrow involvement, swelling of the liver, spleen, and lymph nodes, as well as abnormal cells in the peripheral blood. (mtitles.com)
PrPC was highly glycosylated in spleen and lymphoid follicles isolated from bovine tonsils, mesenteric lymph nodes, ileal and jejunal Peyer's patches. (unibo.it)
Here we report that when mice lacking the RelA subunit of NF-κB are brought to term by breeding onto a tumor necrosis factor receptor (TNFR)1-deficient background, the mice that are born lack lymph nodes, Peyer's patches, and an organized splenic microarchitecture, and have a profound defect in T cell-dependent antigen responses. (rupress.org)
MALT may consist of a collection of lymphoid cells, or it may include small solitary lymph nodes. (medscape.com)
mice had some FDC-M1-positive cells in their atrophic Peyers patches, but not in spleen nor in lymph nodes. (kinasechem.com)
Lymph nodes function as filters, or in equivalence, security guards to filter viruses, bacteria, pathogens, and other foreign microbes (even cancerous cells) brought to the nodes via lymphatic vessels. (healthtian.com)

T cells are primed by antigen-presenting cells in the T cell zones of the periarteriolar lymphoid sheaths of the spleen, the paracortex of LNs, and the dome area of Peyer's patches (PPs) * lining the intestine. (rupress.org)

MALT lymphomas are characterised by a proliferation of neoplastic marginal zone-related cells that invade the epithelial structures to generate lymphoepithelial lesions and colonise reactive lymphoid follicles 3 . (ogt.com)
Distinction between atypical lymphoid proliferations rich in Reed-Sternberg-like cells (reactive immunoblasts) and classic Hodgkin lymphomas. (medscape.com)

Some of the patients with this variant of Hashimoto thyroiditis may have IgG4 thyroiditis and show a predominant interfollicular pattern of fibrosis, along with increased IgG4-positive plasma cells and increased serum IgG. (cap.org)

Increased IL-4 and IL-21 cytokine production from stimulated cells of IgG4-SC/AIP, important in IgG4 class switch and proliferation, correlated with PD-1+ Tfh2 (r = 0.89, P = 0.02) and PD-1+ Tfh17 (r = 0.83, P = 0.03) subsets. (ox.ac.uk)
In SIVagm infection, systemic IL-15 was associated with NK cell proliferation in lymph node (LN), while systemic IFNα correlated with NK cell cytotoxicity in LN 17 . (nature.com)

Since NHL is a general term for a group of malignant tumors of the lymphoid hematopoietic system, the clinical manifestations have certain common characteristics, and at the same time, there are great differences according to different pathological types, sites and extents of the invasion. (mtitles.com)

Chronic inflammation of MALT from infective or autoimmune disorders can lead to the development of extranodal marginal zone B-cell lymphomas, or MALTomas. (medscape.com)

The majority of mantle-cell lymphomas are associated with a t(11;14) translocation resulting in overexpression of the CYCLIN D1 gene (GENES, BCL-1). (lookformedical.com)
They have some likelihood for subsequent transformation into lymphomas, and therefore AtLP occupy a middle ground between benign and malignant lymphoid proliferations. (medscape.com)
In the author's opinion, the use of this descriptive term AtLP may obviate the need to force some lymphoid proliferations (equivocal lesions or mimickers of lymphomas) into either the benign or malignant categories. (medscape.com)
a diffuse, non-specific staining pattern was identified in 3/11 follicle center lymphomas and in 1/6 inflammatory infiltrates in non-lymphoid tumors. (unicatt.it)
A negative MT2 reaction was observed in 6/11 follicle center cell lymphomas, in all cases of pseudolymphomas and in 5/6 inflammatory infiltrates in non-lymphoid tumors. (unicatt.it)
Bcl-2 positivity was detected only in 1/11 follicle center lymphomas. (unicatt.it)

Hürthle cell (oncocytic) change is often seen in follicular epithelium. (cap.org)
follicles are lined by a simple cuboidal to columnar epithelium depending on functional activity. (histologyguide.com)
Stimulation of B cells leads to the production of immunoglobulin A (IgA) and immunoglobulin M (IgM) within the Peyer patches, preventing adherence of bacteria and viruses to the epithelium and thus blocking entry to the subepithelial layers of the intestine. (medscape.com)
Within this pocket, an area of follicles associated with the epithelium (follicle-associated epithelium) is observed. (medscape.com)

Here, we report the clinical case of an 18-month-old boy diagnosed with Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome, who did not have an HLA-matched related or unrelated donor and was treated successfully with a hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT) from a haploidentical family donor. (bvsalud.org)
Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is a potentially curative therapeutic option for patients with classic form. (bvsalud.org)
We are studying the role that normal chromatin structure plays in gene regulation in hematopoietic cells and how its disruption leads to altered development and cancer. (stanford.edu)
This mechanism also applies to hematopoietic cells transformed by other HOX genes, including CDX2, which is highly expressed in a majority of acute myeloid leukemias, thus providing a molecular approach based on GSK-3 inhibitory strategies to target HOX-associated transcription in a broad spectrum of leukemias. (stanford.edu)

Follicular dendritic cell sarcoma (FDCS) is an uncommon neoplasm of mesenchymal stem cell origin whose clinical course displays much variability. (biomedcentral.com)

Hürthle cell neoplasms of the thyroid show a distinct nodule or nodules that are comprised mostly of large oncocytes with distinct cell borders, deeply eosinophilic and granular cytoplasm, and a large nucleus with prominent nucleolus. (cap.org)
These neoplasms can show follicular, trabecular, solid, or papillary growth patterns with occasional nuclear grooves or nuclear pseudoinclusions. (cap.org)
1 ] and was since classified in the 2008 World Health Organization classification of haematolymphoid neoplasms with tumours of histiocytes and dendritic cells, alongside other dendritic cell tumours including Langerhans cell tumours, interdigitating dendritic cell sarcoma and other rare tumours. (biomedcentral.com)

This condition is an autoimmune disorder whereby the thyroid gland is overstimulated by antibodies directed to the thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) receptor on the thyroid follicular cells. (medscape.com)
AR Methodology Immunohistochemistry (IHC) Test Description Androgen receptor (AR) is responsible for the regulation of the growth of the prostate epithelial cells. (neogenomics.com)
1. The pre-B-cell receptor provides an important signal that induces transition of pro-B cells to pre-B. (justaaa.com)
E. It signals without requiring the B-cell receptor signaling kinase, BTK. (justaaa.com)
This means when the conversion process takes place changing the pro B-cells to pre B-cells, the receptor provides an important signal and it has that particular configuration which leads to the process of conversion. (justaaa.com)
[ 2 ] Options for second-line therapy in patients with relapsed/refractory disease include chemotherapy-free regimens with biologic targeted agents such as covalent Bruton tyrosine kinase (BTK) inhibitors, lenalidomide,venetoclax, and chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy. (medscape.com)

Therefore, in addition to these two extremes, there also exist a third group of lymphoid proliferations - the atypical lymphoid proliferations (AtLP). (medscape.com)

Follicular dendritic cell sarcoma is a rare tumour with clinical behaviour covering a spectrum from indolent to aggressive disease. (biomedcentral.com)
We describe a case of progressive follicular dendritic cell sarcoma of the lung and pleura, treated based on knowledge of the tumour's molecular aberrations. (biomedcentral.com)
Interdigitating dendritic cell sarcoma subtotally replacing lymph node shows that the neoplasm tends to spare lymphoid follicles. (basicmedicalkey.com)
Interdigitating dendritic cell sarcoma involving lymph node shows that the neoplastic cells are spindled and epithelioid with abundant eosinophilic cytoplasm. (basicmedicalkey.com)

Centroblasts do not express immunoglobulins and are unable to respond to the follicular dendritic cell antigens present in the secondary lymphoid follicles. (wikipedia.org)

B cells that survive selection in the light area stop dividing but continue steadily to experience additional maturational changes, such as for example transformation to long-lived storage cells or version for antibody secretion (18), before they finally migrate from the GC into encircling regions of the lymph node, go through further clonal extension, and enter the overall flow eventually. (informationalwebs.com)

However, not all lymphoid lesions at present can be precisely placed into one of these categories. (medscape.com)
Histopathologic examination of the lesions revealed multiple lymphoid follicles with germinal center[s] in the dermis. (cancertherapyadvisor.com)

Dr. Wacleche will also study if interferon-alpha, which is the main type 1 interferon causing inflammation in lupus, is responsible for Tph cells maturation and expansion as well as production of CXCL13 by these cells. (lupusresearch.org)
HIV uptake by DCs is unique in that it does not preferentially drive DC maturation and stimulate T cell instruction, but rather favors viral spread [10]. (jscimedcentral.com)
The reticular network allows for the exchange of material with blood through the high endothelial venules and provides regulatory factors necessary for maturation and immune cell activation. (healthtian.com)
Given previous findings on a role of IL-21 and IFNα in regulating NK cell function, and that NKG2a low CD16 + NK cells are generated while expressing high levels of IL-21R in nonpathogenic SIV infection, we sought to determine whether immunotherapy with IL-21 and IFNα rescues AGM-like profiles of NK cell maturation and activity in SIV-infected rhesus macaques (RMs). (nature.com)

Centroblasts form from naive B cells being exposed to follicular dendritic cell cytokines, such as IL-6, IL-15, 8D6, and BAFF. (wikipedia.org)
Both T-cell help and local production of cytokines participate in T-dependent IgA production [ 4 - 7 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
mice, which Capn1 have normal lymphocyte counts but lack the two cytokines TNF- and LT, 26 to B cell-deficient MT mice, 27 and to RAG-1? (kinasechem.com)
The utilization of this nomenclature has spread to other immune cells and cytokines all of which contribute to the acquired immune response. (pediagenosis.com)

Conflicting results regarding changes in mucosal IgA production or in the proportions of IgA plasma cells in the small and large intestines during HIV-infection have been previously reported. (biomedcentral.com)
However, little is known about the organization and functionality of mucosal B-cell follicles in acute HIV/SIV infection during which a T-dependent IgA response should have been initiated. (biomedcentral.com)
Mucosal epithelial surfaces contain M cells, specialized cells that are so named because they exhibit microfolds on their luminal surface and have a membranous appearance. (medscape.com)
These sequences determine the course of antibody made by the B lymphocyte and the power of this antibody to repair complement, put on mast cells, or cross through mucosal obstacles efficiently. (informationalwebs.com)

Lymphoid cells concerned with humoral immunity. (lookformedical.com)
mice have problems with severely-reduced cellularity of PPs (>90% much less B and T cells) 17 and from impaired intestinal immunity in a number of disease versions. (kinasechem.com)

She intends to extend her postdoctoral studies, including evaluating T cell interactions with antigen-presenting cells such as dendritic cells, to propose novel therapeutic approaches. (lupusresearch.org)
the latter are antigen-presenting cells (APCs) that function as memory cells interacting with type 1 THCs. (medscape.com)

Annexin A1 Methodology Immunohistochemistry (IHC) Test Description Annexin A1 (ANXA1), a gene related to phagocytosis, is found to be one of the most highly upregulated genes in hairy cell leukemia. (neogenomics.com)
In this stage of B cell advancement, stage mutations accumulate inside the DNA of adjustable (V) gene sections in rearranged immunoglobulin genes, an activity referred to as somatic hypermutation (7C13). (informationalwebs.com)
B cells with mutated V gene segments move out of the dark zone to an adjacent region that becomes the light zone, where the cells take on a morphology having a smaller cellular diameter and irregularly formed, denser nuclei, in which state they may be referred to as centrocytes. (informationalwebs.com)

The only common feature among these tumors is the absence of giant REED-STERNBERG CELLS, a characteristic of Hodgkin's disease. (lookformedical.com)
B-cell lymphoid tumors that occur in association with AIDS. (lookformedical.com)

Microscopically, the thyroid follicular cells are hypertrophic and hyperplastic, and they contain little colloid (stored hormone) and show evidence of hypersecretion. (medscape.com)
There are areas with large squamous nests, and focal areas show hyperplastic lymphoid follicles. (cap.org)

In addition to these basic issues concerning leukemia pathogenesis, we are devising new diagnostic procedures for detecting and monitoring leukemia patients based on molecular genetic abnormalities in the malignant cells. (stanford.edu)
AtLP is a descriptive term used when it is not possible for the pathologist to differentiate between the benign and the malignant nature of a given lymphoid infiltrate. (medscape.com)

At day +30, the peripheral blood-nucleated cell chimerism was 100% and the WAS protein had a normal expression. (bvsalud.org)

In contrast, B cells are primarily found in the cortex, cluster together as follicular B cells in lymphoid follicles. (healthtian.com)
Fewer cells are found in the medulla when compared to the cortex. (healthtian.com)
As a part of this reticular network, there are also follicular dendritic cells in the B cells follicle and fibroblastic reticular cells in the T cells cortex. (healthtian.com)

Renal biopsy revealed tubulointerstitial nephritis, with tubular epithelial cell degeneration, tubular atrophy, interstitial inflammation and focal fibrosis. (biomedcentral.com)
Immunohistochemistry revealed decreased expression of megalin and cubilin, two important multiligand protein receptors on the brush border of proximal tubular epithelial cells. (biomedcentral.com)
Fanconi syndrome, the result of proximal tubule epithelial cell (PTEC) injury leading to proximal RTA (type II RTA), hypophosphatemia, hypouricemia, aminoaciduria, glycosuria and urine loss of low molecular weight proteins, is a rare manifestation of pSS. (biomedcentral.com)

We then followed up on our global reconstruction of metabolic rewiring in macrophages and discovered novel immunoregulatory role for LPS-inducible metabolite itaconate (Cell Metabolism, in press). (wustl.edu)
Following inhalation of aerosolized Mtb , bacteria are phagocytosed by alveolar macrophages (AMs) and dendritic cells (DCs), resulting in the recruitment of immune cells to the lung and the formation of the tubercle granuloma. (wustl.edu)
Each GC includes about 104C105 Obatoclax mesylate cost cells, the majority of that are B cells, with smaller sized numbers of dispersed T cells, follicular dentritic cells (DCs), and macrophages. (informationalwebs.com)
Within the light zone, B cells showing surface immunoglobulin with higher affinity for antigen offered by follicular DCs are selected for further growth, whereas cells bearing immunoglobulin that fails to bind antigen or does so with lower affinity pass away through a form of apoptosis and are scavenged by macrophages (14C 16). (informationalwebs.com)
In the medulla, plasma cells and macrophages are found here. (healthtian.com)
Reticular cells, fixed macrophages, and fibroblasts usually line up the lymph sinus. (healthtian.com)

Typically, neoplastic cells lack CD1a, desmin and CD45 staining. (biomedcentral.com)

Unlike HIV infection, which progresses to AIDS absent suppressive anti-retroviral therapy, nonpathogenic infections in natural hosts, such African green monkeys, are characterized by a lack of gut microbial translocation and robust secondary lymphoid natural killer cell responses resulting in an absence of chronic inflammation and limited SIV dissemination in lymph node B-cell follicles. (nature.com)

The production of the germinal center is important for the production of antibody secreting plasma cells and memory B cells. (wikipedia.org)
After exposure, there are antibody receptors for that substance in the body, another exposure results in the rapid release of histamine and other mediators from basophils and mast cells. (bestnursingtutor.com)
Although there's been some improvement lately toward understanding specific areas of occasions in the GC such as for example switch recombination and the dedication of secretory versus memory space cell fate, relatively little is known about the molecular mechanisms directly responsible for other processes such as lymphocyte trafficking within GCs and the signals controlling apoptosis of B cells generating low affinity or autoreactive antibody (17, 19C23). (informationalwebs.com)

Dendritic cells (DC) are both widely dispersed in the body and are potent activators of effector immune response, which stresses their important role in HIV infection [1,2]. (jscimedcentral.com)
IL-17 secreted by Th17 subtype effector T cells was diffusely detected in the renal proximal tubule, with a negative correlation of IL-17 and megalin expression. (biomedcentral.com)
Whereas the average plasma BAFF level was increased by 4.5-fold and total plasma cells were 1.7 to 1.9-fold more numerous in the lamina propria, the relative proportion of IgA plasma cells in this effector site was reduced by 19% (duodemun) to 35% (ileum) at 28 dpi. (biomedcentral.com)
Functionally, there are two types of immune cells: regulatory cells and effector cells. (pediagenosis.com)
The regulatory cells assist in orchestrating and controlling the immune response, while effector cells carry out the elimination of the antigen (microbial, non microbial, or toxin). (pediagenosis.com)

IgA class switching also occurs in isolated lymphoid follicles (ILF), which have a cellular composition similar to PP-associated follicles and constitute dynamic lymphoid structures that develop in response to chronic infection or inflammation [ 8 - 10 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

In ART-treated rhesus macaques, cells harboring SIV-DNA by DNAscope were preferentially found in the LN B cell follicle in proximity to IL-10. (nih.gov)

There is autoimmunity to the thyroid gland which bears both humoral- and cell-mediated features. (radiopaedia.org)

Dr. Vanessa Wacleche will use innovative technologies to study how Tph cells control the production of CXCL13. (lupusresearch.org)
The findings will generate new strategies to control CXCL13 production by Tph cells that could eventually lead to the development of novel treatments for lupus patients. (lupusresearch.org)
The signals that regulate development and function of Tph cells and Tfh cells in autoimmunity remain incompletely described, and particularly little is known about T cell production of CXCL13. (lupusresearch.org)
The proposed research project mainly focuses on identifying extrinsic signals and intracellular regulators involved in CXCL13 regulation in Tph cells. (lupusresearch.org)
in the expansion of Tph cells producing CXCL13. (lupusresearch.org)

Anatomy59

Organisms16

Diseases25

Chemicals and Drugs82

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment27

Phenomena and Processes48

Disciplines and Occupations2

Information Science3

Lymphocytes37

Tissue26

Lymphoma23

Tissues9

Hyperplasia4

Germinal centers10

Organs6

Differentiation9

Infiltration5

Helper5

Lymph nodes6

Spleen1

Reactive2

Interfollicular1

Proliferation2

Group of malignant tumors1

MALT1

Lymphomas6

Epithelium4

Hematopoietic4

FDCS1

Neoplasms3

Receptor6

Atypical1

Dendritic cell sarcoma4

Antigens present1

Migrate1

Lesions2

Maturation4

Cytokines4

Mucosal4

Immunity2

Antigen-prese2

Gene3

Tumors2

Hyperplastic2

Malignant2

Peripheral1

Cortex3

Epithelial3

Macrophages6

Neoplastic1

Translocation1

Antibody3

Effector5

Structures1

Preferentially1

Humoral1

CXCL135