AnatomyOrganismsDiseasesChemicals and DrugsAnalytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and EquipmentPhenomena and ProcessesDisciplines and OccupationsInformation ScienceHealth Care
Ovarian FollicleImmunizationLymphoid TissueHair FollicleLymph NodesFollicle Stimulating HormoneChemokine CCL19SpleenReceptors, CCR7Chemokine CCL21Propylene GlycolsChemokine CXCL13Mice, Inbred C57BLPeyer's PatchesT-LymphocytesMice, Inbred BALB CImmunization ProgramsDendritic CellsB-LymphocytesPalatine TonsilImmunization ScheduleLymphotoxin-betaCell MovementDendritic Cells, FollicularLymphocyte ActivationLymphotoxin beta ReceptorReceptors, ChemokineThymus GlandImmunologic MemoryImmunization, SecondaryMice, KnockoutCD4-Positive T-LymphocytesEndothelium, LymphaticMice, TransgenicLymphotoxin-alphaChemokines, CCGerminal CenterReceptors, CXCR5Immunization, PassiveOvaryChemotaxis, LeukocyteCD8-Positive T-LymphocytesVaccinationL-SelectinT-Lymphocyte SubsetsFlow CytometryGranulosa CellsLymphatic SystemReceptors, LysosphingolipidOvulationAntibody FormationAdoptive TransferSphingosineB-Lymphocyte SubsetsCell DifferentiationCells, CulturedFollicular FluidLymphocytesReceptors, Lymphocyte HomingMice, Mutant StrainsOrgan SpecificityImmunophenotypingLymphopeniaAntigen PresentationPlasma CellsTheca CellsImmunity, HumoralAntigensLymphocyte CountCytokinesVenulesInterferon-gammaImmunohistochemistrySkinChemotaxisImmunoglobulin GProgesteroneChemokinesEstradiolImmunoglobulinsImmune SystemTime FactorsCell ProliferationT-Lymphocytes, RegulatoryBone Marrow CellsHairImmunity, CellularDisease Models, AnimalVaccinesAdjuvants, ImmunologicOocytesSignal TransductionOvalbuminVaccines, SyntheticImmune ToleranceCell SeparationLuteinizing HormoneVaccines, DNAAutoimmunityMolecular Sequence Data
SpleenHair follicleEpithelialLYMPH NODEStromal CellsAntibodiesGALTTissues and organsMALTLymphocytesAntibodyLymphomaMigrateThyroidMucusAcquireHumoralAutoimmune diseasesInfectionsCellsOccurDiseasesLiverAntigensCellAdverseTransgenicPrimaryAdditionalDevelopmentPatientsTimeBloodFormProductionLackStructureResult
Spleen5
  • GCs are transient structures which arise after challenge with a T cell-dependent antigen within secondary lymphoid organs, such as the spleen and lymph nodes. (fu-berlin.de)
  • This kinetic included the spleen, blood and isolated bone marrow from femur and tibia and comprised several time points after primary and secondary challenge with NP-KLH, a model antigen often used to analyze the T-dependent immune response. (fu-berlin.de)
  • Secondary lymphoid organs includes lymph nodes, spleen and subepithelial collection of lymphocytes. (medicosplexus.com)
  • Numerous studies from our laboratory and others have demonstrated that noradrenergic (NA) and peptidergic nerve fibers are present in various compartments of primary (bone marrow, thymus) and secondary (spleen, lymph nodes) lymphoid organs and that these nerve fibers can modulate immune functions [5-10]. (brainimmune.com)
  • Symptoms include polyneuritis (an enlargement of multiple peripheral nerves), visceral lymphoma (tumours affecting organs such as the heart, liver, spleen etc.), acute transient paralysis, immunosuppression, brain oedema and acute rash. (biomedcentral.com)
Hair follicle1
  • Alongside epithelial cells and hair follicle cells, the skin contains immune cells that play a vital role in infection prevention and protection against damage. (immunopaedia.org.za)
Epithelial4
  • The bursa is an epithelial and lymphoid organ that is found only in birds. (wikipedia.org)
  • These plicae have hundreds of bursal follicles containing follicle-associated epithelial cells, lymphocytes, macrophages, and plasma cells. (wikipedia.org)
  • MALT is subdivided into parts (clusters) depending on their anatomical location, but they all have a similar structure: mucus layer, epithelial tissue, lamina propria and lymphoid follicles. (crie.ru)
  • Graves' Disease results from the production of autoantibodies against receptors for thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) on thyroid epithelial cells, and represents the prototype for numerous autoimmune diseases caused by autoantibodies that bind to organ-specific cell membrane antigens. (silverchair.com)
LYMPH NODE2
  • We demonstrate that soluble RANKL is overproduced from the transgenic hair follicles and that its neutralization normalizes lymph node size, inclusive area, and numbers of B cell follicles. (cnrs.fr)
  • The nodules resemble to some extent the GERMINAL CENTER of lymph node follicles and most likely represent neoplastic proliferation of lymph node-derived follicular center B-LYMPHOCYTES. (lookformedical.com)
Stromal Cells2
  • The proportions of hematopoietic and nonhematopoietic stromal cells and their organization are maintained, with the exception of an increase in B cell follicles. (cnrs.fr)
  • Reticular fibroblastic and vascular stromal cells, important for secondary lymphoid organ formation and organization, express RANK and undergo hyperproliferation, which is abrogated by RANKL neutralization. (cnrs.fr)
Antibodies3
  • This review offers summarized information about IgY production and the use of these antibodies for passive immunization, particularly in poultry. (ac.be)
  • 9. Which of the following antibodies are produced almost exclusively in MALTs (Mucosa Associated Lymphoid Tissues) due to the high concentration of TGF-Beta and thus more likely to be secreted across mucosal membranes? (mockdocs.org)
  • Vaccinations (immunizations) induce your body to make antibodies without your having to contract the illness (see section below on immunizations). (sportsdoctor.com)
GALT1
  • These data support a model in which caspase-1-mediated pyroptosis is the principal mechanism that results in CD4 T cell loss in the GALT and lymphoid organs and release of proinflammatory cytokines. (bvsalud.org)
Tissues and organs2
  • Amyloidosis: a group of rare diseases caused by the buildup of amyloid protein in various tissues and organs. (drpaulkilgore.com)
  • They also aim to explore whether IL-17 is involved in the aging and deterioration of other tissues and organs. (immunopaedia.org.za)
MALT2
Lymphocytes2
Antibody2
  • When these chickens failed to produce antibody in response to an immunization with Staphylococcus bacteria, the two students realized that the bursa is necessary for antibody production. (wikipedia.org)
  • With the ban on sub-therapeutic antibiotic usage in Europe and the increasingly strictness of the European legislation on food hygiene, passive immunization by oral administration of pathogen-specific hen egg yolk antibody (IgY) may be a useful and attractive alternative. (ac.be)
Lymphoma2
  • Malignant lymphoma composed of large B lymphoid cells whose nuclear size can exceed normal macrophage nuclei, or more than twice the size of a normal lymphocyte. (lookformedical.com)
  • Extranodal lymphoma of lymphoid tissue associated with mucosa that is in contact with exogenous antigens. (lookformedical.com)
Migrate2
  • Lymphoid stem cells migrate from the fetal liver to the bursa during ontogeny. (wikipedia.org)
  • During the immune response activated B cells migrate to the T cell zones within the secondary lymphoid organs and acquire help from the residing antigen-specific, activated T cells. (fu-berlin.de)
Thyroid5
  • However, it might also involve multiple other organs, including the orbit and the thyroid. (hindawi.com)
  • The authors used various nomenclatures to describe conditions related to the presence of IgG4 until 2010 in Kanazawa, where it was unified as an "IgG4-related disease" with the consensus that it can affect various organs, including the thyroid and the eye with its adnexa and extraocular muscles [ 4 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • However, IgG4-RD can involve the vast majority of organs, including the thyroid and the orbit [ 2 , 8 , 9 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • To study how humoral tolerance is normally maintained to organ-specific membrane antigens, transgenic mice were generated selectively expressing membrane-bound hen egg lysozyme (mHEL) on the thyroid epithelium. (silverchair.com)
  • Many of the sites of these lymphomas, such as the stomach, salivary gland, and thyroid, are normally devoid of lymphoid tissue. (lookformedical.com)
Mucus1
  • a type of cancer that originates in the glandular cells, which are responsible for producing and secreting fluids or mucus in various organs of the body. (drpaulkilgore.com)
Acquire1
  • The intention of herbal and elemental discourse is not to acquire the locate of requirement established examination communication and besides secondary punishment. (rmht-taximoto.fr)
Humoral1
Autoimmune diseases1
  • Autoantibodies directed against molecules that are unique to the surface of cells in the parenchyma of discrete organs underlie the pathogenesis of a variety of organ-specific autoimmune diseases ( 1 ). (silverchair.com)
Infections2
  • Les anticorps du jaune d'œuf de poule (IgY), production et utilisation en immunisation passive contre les infections entériques bactériennes : une revue. (ac.be)
  • In sum, we tell you how to prevent and manage infections, when to see a doctor, and how immunizations work and when they should be taken. (sportsdoctor.com)
Cells7
  • The hematopoietic cells are not activated and respond to immunization by foreign Ag and adjuvant. (cnrs.fr)
  • The obtained results showed that the blood derived GC B cells immigrate into secondary lymphoid organs and are recruited to the already existing GC reaction. (fu-berlin.de)
  • 3\. To address the question whether the capability to immigrate into secondary lymphoid organs is a GC B cell specific feature, additional transfer experiments were conducted with blood derived CD38hiIgG1+ and CD38hiIgM+ potential memory B cells, which correspond to later stages of GC B cell ontogeny. (fu-berlin.de)
  • Hayday, A.C. γδ T cells and the lymphoid stress-surveillance response. (nature.com)
  • Classical definitions of memory T cells derive from the belief that T cells localize and recirculate predominantly throughout the blood and secondary lymphoid organs ( 7 , 8 ). (frontiersin.org)
  • The role of an intact endothelial barrier in sequestering organ-specific antigens from circulating preimmune B cells is discussed. (silverchair.com)
  • The study revealed that certain immune cells, such as gamma delta T cells, innate lymphoid cells, and CD4 + T cells, significantly increase in number within the skin during aging. (immunopaedia.org.za)
Occur1
Diseases2
Liver1
  • Abdomen: The part of the body between the chest and pelvis that contains the stomach, intestines, liver, and other organs. (drpaulkilgore.com)
Antigens1
  • These results provide evidence that tolerance is not actively acquired to organ-specific antigens in the preimmune B cell repertoire, underscoring the importance of maintaining tolerance to such antigens by other mechanisms. (silverchair.com)
Cell6
  • It is a specialized organ that, as first demonstrated by Bruce Glick and later by Max Dale Cooper and Robert Good, is necessary for B cell (part of the immune system) development in birds. (wikipedia.org)
  • In mouse deficiency of this gene is associated with defects in response to bacterial infection, with defects in forming organized follicular dendritic cell networks and germinal centers, and with a lack of primary B cell follicles. (utsouthwestern.edu)
  • PHENOTYPE: Mutations at this locus primarily affect the immune system, causing increased susceptibility to infection, failure to form splenic B-cell follicles, increased inflammation and impaired contact hypersensitivity. (utsouthwestern.edu)
  • Importantly, the model recapitulates CCL21 gradients observed experimentally in B cell follicles and interfollicular regions, building confidence in its ability to accurately predict intranodal chemokine distribution. (aai.org)
  • The model indicates that lymph flow shapes intranodal CCL21 gradients, and that CCL19 is functionally important at the boundary between B cell follicles and the T cell area. (aai.org)
  • Any of a group of malignant tumors of lymphoid tissue that differ from HODGKIN DISEASE, being more heterogeneous with respect to malignant cell lineage, clinical course, prognosis, and therapy. (lookformedical.com)
Adverse1
  • Secondary outcomes included major adverse kidney events within 30 days - a composite of death from any cause, new renal-replacement therapy, or persistent renal dysfunction (defined as an elevation of the creatinine level to ≥200% of baseline) - all censored at hospital discharge or 30 days, whichever occurred first. (regenerativemedicine.net)
Transgenic1
  • We show that mice transgenic for Rank in hair follicles display massive postnatal growth of skin-draining lymph nodes. (cnrs.fr)
Primary1
  • The luminal (interior) surface of the bursa is plicated with as many as 15 primary and 7 secondary plicae or folds. (wikipedia.org)
Additional1
Development1
  • During the development of toxicological profiles, Minimal Risk Levels (MRLs) are derived when reliable and sufficient data exist to identify the target organ(s) of effect or the most sensitive health effect(s) for a specific duration for a given route of exposure. (cdc.gov)
Patients1
  • Gradually, the majority of patients with RRMS will transition into secondary progressive MS (SPMS) having accumulated neural tissue damage and hence disability [ 2 ]. (medsci.org)
Time1
Blood1
  • Consequently, the circulation through blood enables such emigrants to enter any secondary lymphoid organ, enabling them to be re- admitted to the local GC reactions. (fu-berlin.de)
Form1
  • In mucosal immunization, the predominant form of IgA is a secretory dimer, sIgA, which is concentrated in large quantities in the mucosa. (crie.ru)
Production1
  • Cette synthèse bibliographique donne des informations concises sur la production des IgY et leur utilisation en immunisation passive, en particulier chez la volaille. (ac.be)
Lack1
  • Anoxia: a severe lack of oxygen supply to the body's tissues or organs. (drpaulkilgore.com)
Structure1
  • Alpha helix and beta pleated sheets are examples of Secondary structure of proteins. (medicosplexus.com)
Result1
  • The wound was packed and healed by secondary intention, resulting in a surprisingly good cosmetic result. (medscape.com)