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Hair FollicleOvarian FollicleMorphogenesisOvaryGrowth Differentiation Factor 9Hair RemovalHairSebaceous GlandsFollicle Stimulating HormoneGranulosa CellsEpidermisOocytesDermisKeratinocytesSkinAlopeciaKeratin-14Stem CellsGene Expression Regulation, DevelopmentalHedgehog ProteinsMice, TransgenicOvulationCell DifferentiationFollicular FluidSignal TransductionImmunohistochemistryMice, KnockoutTrans-ActivatorsKeratinsTheca Cellsbeta CateninMice, Inbred C57BLProgesteroneEstradiolOogenesisLuteinizing HormoneInhibinsChorionic GonadotropinPlant StemsIn Situ HybridizationTissue Culture TechniquesHematopoietic Stem CellsAndrostenedioneStem Cell TransplantationCattleAdult Stem CellsEstrusFollicle Stimulating Hormone, HumanGonadotropins, EquineCells, CulturedOvulation InductionOrgan Culture TechniquesAnti-Mullerian HormoneReceptors, FSHMesodermNeoplastic Stem CellsEpitheliumRNA, MessengerCorpus LuteumPregnancyGonadotropinsInhibin-beta SubunitsDental SacDrosophila ProteinsFertilization in VitroEpithelial CellsEstrous CycleMutationPluripotent Stem CellsBody PatterningPhenotypeAromataseModels, BiologicalMolecular Sequence DataEmbryo, MammalianCell ProliferationCulture TechniquesMultipotent Stem CellsTime FactorsDrosophilaEmbryo, NonmammalianSheepTranscription FactorsCell PolarityHomeodomain ProteinsCell LineageCell DivisionLuteinizationSuperovulationFertilityActivinsFollicular CystStem Cell FactorNeural Stem CellsStem Cell NicheReverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain ReactionOrganogenesisReceptors, LHHematopoietic Stem Cell TransplantationInfertility, Female
Renewal of hair folliclesRegulatesOvarian follicleMesenchymalInducesAnagen phaseGranulosa cellsEpitheliumSebaceous glandsAndrogenetic alopeciaDifferentiationEctodermDermalEndothelialKeratinocytesMurineBovineHirsutismEpithelialEmbryonic stemTissuePapillaBulgeCatagenTelogenHematopoieticOvaryNeuralDevelopmentHormonesEmbryoMechanismMinoxidilRegulationSkinWoundOvulationHumanOrganMiceRegenerativeFateBoneMoleculesLesionsCyclesFormationResponsesExpression
Renewal of hair follicles2
Regulates3
Ovarian follicle2
  • Activin is produced in the gonads, pituitary gland, placenta, and other organs: In the ovarian follicle, activin increases FSH binding and FSH-induced aromatization. (wikipedia.org)
  • In the ovarian follicle , activin increases FSH binding and FSH-induced aromatization . (wikidoc.org)
Mesenchymal7
  • pointed out that Mage-D1 may participate in the proliferation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) and the differentiation of odontoblasts through the NF-κB signalling pathway 21 . (researchsquare.com)
  • 6,7 Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have also been isolated from other sources, such as bone marrow, 8 the placenta, 9 muscle, 10 or blood. (jcadonline.com)
  • In an anagen human hair follicle PPARγ expression is detected in the mesenchymal DP cells, epithelial cells of the outer root sheath (ORS), inner root sheath and matrix 16 . (nature.com)
  • Wu Y., Chen L., Scott P.G., Tredget E.E. Mesenchymal stem cells enhance wound healing through differentiation and angiogenesis. (genescells.ru)
  • As the major cell precursors in osteogenesis, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are indispensable for bone homeostasis and development. (nature.com)
  • Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) show trilineage differentiation because these cells differentiate into osteocytes, chondrocytes and adipocytes. (nature.com)
  • Term Amniotic membrane (AM) is a very attractive source of Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSCs) due to the fact that this fetal tissue is usually discarded without ethical conflicts, leading to high efficiency in MSC. (biomedcentral.com)
Induces2
Anagen phase2
  • 22 The underlying mechanism is believed to be a higher concentration of dihydrotestosterone (DHT) to androgen-sensitive hair follicles, causing thinning of the dermal papillae and shortening of the anagen phase. (jcadonline.com)
  • The histological morphology of hair follicles demonstrated an active anagen phase with the induction of stem cell factor. (biomedcentral.com)
Granulosa cells1
Epithelium4
  • Cultured human epithelium: human umbilical cord blood stem cells differentiate into keratino-cytes under in vitro conditions. (genescells.ru)
  • Self-renewal of the epithelium of the small intestine is a highly regulated process involving cell proliferation and differentiation of stem cells or progenitor cells located at the bottom of the crypt, ending. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The Drosophila follicle-cell epithelium provides an appropriate model system for studying the potential role of electrochemical signals, like intracellular pH (pH i ) and membrane potential (V mem ), during development. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Our data show that in the Drosophila follicle-cell epithelium stage-specific pH i - and V mem -gradients develop which result from the activity of several ion-transport mechanisms. (biomedcentral.com)
Sebaceous glands2
Androgenetic alopecia3
  • Current opinion views androgens as the pathogenic driver in the miniaturization of hair follicles of androgenetic alopecia by interfering with the dermal papilla. (nature.com)
  • Comparative full transcriptome profile analysis of the hair bulb region of normal and miniaturized hair follicles from vertex and occipital region in males with and without androgenetic alopecia revealed that next to the androgen receptor as well the retinoid receptor and particularly the PPAR pathway is involved in progressive hair miniaturization. (nature.com)
  • Male patterned hair loss, or androgenetic alopecia (AGA) is the most common form of hair loss, prominent in males and characterized by progressive miniaturization of hair follicles 1 . (nature.com)
Differentiation4
  • Upregulation of Activin A drives pluripotent stem cells into a mesoendodermal fate, and thus provides a useful tool for stem cell differentiation and organoid formation. (wikipedia.org)
  • In this research, we generate differentiated kidney cells (DKCs) from mouse pluripotent stem cells (mPSCs) analyzing their morphological, genetic, phenotypic, and spectroscopic characteristics along differentiation, highlighting that there are no reports of the use of Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy to characterize the directed differentiation of mPSCs to DKCs. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Stimulates proliferation and differentiation of early progenitor cells within hair follicles. (plurisomes.com)
  • The neurohypophysis develops from the differentiation of neural ectoderm into the pars nervosa, the infundibular stem, and the median eminence. (medscape.com)
Ectoderm2
Dermal1
  • Wound healing effect of adipose-derived stem cells: a critical role of secretory factors on human dermal fibroblasts. (genescells.ru)
Endothelial1
Keratinocytes1
Murine1
  • Among these is the isolation of the first line of murine stem cells [ 5 , 6 ] in 1981, followed by establishment of the first human embryonic stem cell lines by Thompson [ 7 ]. (intechopen.com)
Bovine2
  • In some species (e.g., bovine), evidence indicates that decreases in IGFBP-4 and -5 levels in estrogen-dominant preovulatory follicles are likely due, in part, to increased protease activity, whereas lower levels of IGFBP-2 are not due to increased proteolysis. (bioone.org)
  • Increased IGFBP-4 and -5 protease along with lower amounts of IGFBP-4 binding activity and greater amounts of free IGF-I are some of the earliest developmental changes documented in bovine growing antral follicles. (bioone.org)
Hirsutism1
Epithelial1
Embryonic stem2
  • According to their potentiality, embryonic stem cells (ESCs) are classified as totipotent and pluripotent, both of them can differentiate into the three germ lines. (biomedcentral.com)
  • First identified in embryonic stem cells, SEs mediate pluripotent state maintenance by promoting the expression of pluripotent identity genes, including Oct4 , Sox2 , Nanog and Klf4 . (nature.com)
Tissue4
  • In our previous studies, EMSCs were obtained from rat embryonic facial process tissue by fluorescence p75 neurotrophin receptor (p75NTR) activated cell sorting, providing a good stem cell model for studies of dental mineralization. (researchsquare.com)
  • This approached turned out to be surprisingly fruitful: the group showed that mechanical interactions within tissue are critical to the emergence of not only loops, but also villi and stem cell niches in the gut. (rockefeller.edu)
  • We illustrate where such mechanisms of pattern formation arise in biological systems from cellular to tissue scales, with an emphasis on morphogenesis. (mpi-cbg.de)
  • Hh proteins are secreted morphogens that play essential roles in regulation of embryogenesis, development, tissue homeostasis, regeneration and stem cell maintenance in a concentration-dependent manner [ 6 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Papilla1
Bulge1
  • Total and conditional knock out of PPARγ in hair follicle bulge stem cells showed similar result where scarring alopecia was observed in mice with the loss of pilosebaceous units and inflammatory cells infiltration 18 , 19 . (nature.com)
Catagen2
  • Recent studies showed that treatment of hair follicles by agonistic modulators induced entry into catagen with an anti-inflammatory mechanism 20 . (nature.com)
  • anagen is the active growth phase, catagen is the regression of the hair follicle phase, telogen is the resting stage, exogen is the active shedding of hair phase and kenogen is the phase between the empty hair follicle and the growth of new hair. (radonbiathlo673.cfd)
Telogen4
  • This stage is followed by telogen during which the hair follicle remains in relative quiescence. (aging-us.com)
  • The clock genes that we identified as upregulated in telogen/early anagen were all CLOCK/BMAL1 target genes, including Pers, Dbp and Rev-Erbα. (aging-us.com)
  • While these genes show a clear circadian pattern of expression in skin, as was previously demonstrated [ 9 - 11 ], their amplitude was higher during telogen and early anagen (Figure 1 ), indicating that in skin, the expression of clock controlled genes is dependent both on circadian mechanism and the hair growth cycle. (aging-us.com)
  • Since our mRNA expression studies were performed using whole skin, we asked which compartments of the skin and hair follicles contribute to the robust rhythmic circadian gene expression in telogen. (aging-us.com)
Hematopoietic1
  • Our results showed that in 2 weeks after transplantation some transplanted cells still retain expression of stem cell and hematopoietic markers C-kit and CD34. (genescells.ru)
Ovary1
  • We found that knockdown of Bonus in early oogenesis results in severe defects in ovarian development and in ectopic expression of genes that are normally repressed in the germline, demonstrating its essential function in the ovary. (elifesciences.org)
Neural1
Development7
  • 7. The effect of T-2 and zearalenone toxins on chicken embryonic development - Early results. (v4sdb2023.pl)
  • The purpose of this study was to investigate the expression pattern of Mage-D1 in rat tooth germ development and its differential mineralization ability to ectomesenchymal stem cells (EMSCs), and to explore its potential mechanism. (researchsquare.com)
  • Experienced with molecular models of morphogenesis, Rodrigues became a key collaborator as Shyer developed strategies for synthesizing mechanical and molecular approaches to development. (rockefeller.edu)
  • Sensory circuits are typically established during early development, yet how circuit specificity and function are maintained during organismal growth has not been elucidated. (sdbonline.org)
  • The development of new tools and culture techniques has also enabled the factors that influence branching morphogenesis in the embryonic and pubertal gland to be identified. (biologists.com)
  • After birth, mammary development is arrested until puberty, when extensive elongation of the ducts, accompanied by secondary branching, takes place, thus providing a readily accessible system in which to study branching morphogenesis. (biologists.com)
  • neurohypophysis is formed by development of pars nervosa, infundibular stem, and median eminence. (medscape.com)
Hormones1
  • Additionally, reproductive hormones regulate RAS activity in the cellular physiological function of ovarian follicles during pre-ovulatory maturation and ovulation. (encyclopedia.pub)
Embryo2
  • In the early embryo syncytium, rapid DNA replication and nuclear divisions occur, generating up to 5000 nuclei per embryo. (cherrybiotech.com)
  • To date, the earliest stage at which the orientation of the anterior-posterior axis in the mouse embryo is distinguishable by asymmetric gene expression is shortly after E5.5. (biomedcentral.com)
Mechanism1
  • found that TNF is produced by apoptotic cells in hair follicles, and that blocking TNF inhibits the death of other cells in the same cohort: this suggests that a common mechanism could regulate the communal death of cells in flies and mammals. (elifesciences.org)
Minoxidil1
  • 24,25 Current well-established treatment modalities focus on reducing the androgenic effects on hair follicles (5a-reductase inhibitors), stimulating hair growth (minoxidil), or transferring androgen-independent hair to the affected scalp (hair transplantation). (jcadonline.com)
Regulation2
  • In our recent study we found that circadian clock genes play a role in regulation of the hair growth cycle during synchronized hair follicle cycling, uncovering an unexpected connection between these two timing systems within skin. (aging-us.com)
  • We show the up-regulation of PGC1a in the inner and outer root sheath (IRS/ORS) of hair follicles from AGA patients and the dynamic expression in the mouse hair cycle. (nature.com)
Skin6
  • As a Miller Fellow at Berkeley, hosted by Richard Harland, Shyer investigated the formation of feather follicle patterns in avian skin. (rockefeller.edu)
  • Early-life inflammation primes a T helper 2 cell-fibroblast niche in skin. (ucsf.edu)
  • The hair follicle is an organ found in mammalian skin . (radonbiathlo673.cfd)
  • For example, the skin of the palms and soles does not have hair follicles whereas skin of the scalp, forearms, legs and genitalia has abundant hair follicles. (radonbiathlo673.cfd)
  • This muscle is responsible for causing the follicle lissis to become more perpendicular to the surface of the skin, and causing the follicle to protrude slightly above the surrounding skin (piloerection) and a pore encased with skin oil. (radonbiathlo673.cfd)
  • Tumors were larger, more numerous, and appeared earlier on the skin of Mrad1 +/- mice compared to Mrad1 +/+ animals. (biomedcentral.com)
Wound3
Ovulation2
  • Inhibin B reaches a peak in the early- to mid-follicular phase, and a second peak at ovulation. (wikipedia.org)
  • These protease-induced decreases in IGFBP-4 and -5 likely cause increased levels of bioavailable (or free) IGFs that stimulate steroidogenesis and mitogenesis in developing dominant follicles, which ultimately prepare the follicle(s) and oocyte(s) for successful ovulation and fertilization. (bioone.org)
Human2
  • Allowing comprehension and predicting of human responses earlier, while also offering ethical alternatives to animal testing. (cherrybiotech.com)
  • There are many human diseases in which abnormalities in hair appearance, texture or growth are early signs of local disease of the hair follicle or systemic illness. (radonbiathlo673.cfd)
Organ1
  • However, as she investigates the early stages of organ formation, she hopes to divert a bit of attention away from genes and towards the physical processes that help determine the form and fate of tissues. (rockefeller.edu)
Mice2
  • In mice, the two initial hair growth cycles are synchronized such that the majority of hair follicles are in a similar stage of the hair growth cycle at a given time. (aging-us.com)
  • We also show that during coordinated cell death of hair follicle cells in mice, TNF-α is expressed in apoptotic cells and is required for normal cell death. (elifesciences.org)
Regenerative2
  • therefore, new researches focused on regenerative medicine have been developed, including the use of stem cells. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Consequently, because of the increased rate of RF in terminal stage and few alternative treatments, new investigations focused on regenerative medicine have been developed, including the use of stem cells (SCs) [ 7 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Fate1
  • Recent studies have provided new insights into the origin, specification and fate of mammary stem and progenitor cells and into how the differentiated lineages that comprise the functional mammary gland are determined. (biologists.com)
Bone1
  • To demonstrate the use of the MPS for future studies on the (patho-)biology of bone, we built a simplified 3D model for early de novo bone formation. (bvsalud.org)
Molecules1
  • These cells, surrounding the hair follicles, secrete signaling molecules that control the progression of the hair cycle. (jcadonline.com)
Lesions1
  • A family history of acne is associated with earlier occurrence of the disease, increased number of retentional lesions, and therapeutic difficulties, especially a higher risk for a relapse after oral isotretinoin treatment [11]. (springer.com)
Cycles2
  • Hair follicles undergo continuous cycles of growth, involution and rest. (aging-us.com)
  • In order to systematically discover transcriptional activity associated with the hair growth cycle, we profiled mRNA expression at a genome-wide level over multiple time points corresponding to morphogenesis and two synchronized hair growth cycles. (aging-us.com)
Formation1
  • Contrary to conventional views, Shyer and Rodrigues found that molecular instructions do not guide the initial stages of follicle formation. (rockefeller.edu)
Responses1
  • The growing body of evidence now supports that a wide range of neuropeptides, neurotransmitters, and neurohormones modulating systemic stress responses can indeed alter hair growth, indicating that hair follicles represent an important target for stressors [ 8 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Expression1