Although polyamines have been implicated in various responses to abiotic and biotic stress, there have been no studies focused on amines in response to insect herbivory. (bvsalud.org)
Atmospheric nitrogen deposition may indirectly affect ecosystems through deposition-induced changes in the rates of insect herbivory. (usp.ac.fj)
We created three insect herbivory functions based on empirical responses of insect consumption and population dynamics to changes in foliar N and implemented them into the CENTURY model. (usp.ac.fj)
We modeled the responses of C and N storage patterns and flux rates to N deposition and insect herbivory in an herbaceous system. (usp.ac.fj)
Differences in the results among the modeled insect herbivory functions suggests that distinct physiological and population response of insect herbivores can have a large impact on ecosystem processes. (usp.ac.fj)
T]hose studies focused on either upper- or whole-crown defoliation, mainly simulating insect herbivory. (botany.one)
Biodesign Farm's goal was to build and manage habitat for biological control organisms (insect predators and parasites, birds, bats, soil and foliar microorganisms), thereby suppressing pests, minimizing the use of insecticides, and producing high-quality crops. (eorganic.org)
Biomass5
The melaleuca snout weevil, a biological control agent, feeds exclusively on the seasonal flushes of developing foliage at branch apices, which represents ~15% of the total foliar biomass. (usda.gov)
The introduced herbivore Oxyops vitiosa feeds exclusively on the seasonal flushes of developing foliage at branch apices, which represents ~15% of the total foliar biomass. (usda.gov)
Trees experiencing folivory over four consecutive years maintained similar levels of foliar biomass after attack yet possessed twice the number of leaf bearing terminal stems as undamaged trees. (usda.gov)
Leaf area, biomass, foliar carbon and nitrogen by species for destructive vegetation harvests. (mbl.edu)
Nutrient13
Nutrient stress can have opposite effects on the ability of plants to tolerate foliar herbivory and floral herbivory. (researcher.life)
Here, we report on the results of an experiment measuring how reproduction in the clonal herbaceous plant horsenettle (Solanum carolinense) is affected by damage by leaf-feeding and by flower-feeding herbivores-as well as how horsenettle's tolerance of these different types of herbivory may be altered by nutrient stress. (researcher.life)
Leaf herbivory by lace bugs reduced horsenettle's seed production and root growth, and the relative impacts were greater in fertilized than in nutrient-stressed plants. (researcher.life)
In contrast, simulated-floral herbivory reduced seed production to a similar degree in fertilized and nutrient-stressed plants. (researcher.life)
However, compensation for floral herbivory through increased root growth occurred to a much greater extent in the fertilized than in the nutrient-stressed plants. (researcher.life)
The aim of this dissertation has been to determine how plant and soil nutrient dynamics in a savanna environment are affected by two primary drivers, one a top-down driver, being herbivory by large mammalian herbivores and the other a bottom-up driver, the variable N2-fixation capacity of tree species. (wits.ac.za)
By studying a selection of plant functional traits (nutrient concentrations, ratios as well as specific leaf area, relative chlorophyll content and leaf dry matter content) and soil nutrients (suite of macro- and micronutrients) associated with two species of savanna tree of contrasting N2-fixation capacities, I went about investigating how herbivory differentially influences the nutrient dynamics of this system. (wits.ac.za)
Furthermore, these results were then looked at together to suggest the mechanism by which herbivory and N2-fixation drive nutrient dynamics and make recommendations on the use of these results in managing savanna systems in the future. (wits.ac.za)
An alternative hypothesis is that the AMF effect on herbivory is due to changes in plant defense gene expression that are not simply due to nutrient availability. (biomedcentral.com)
Three different strains of the biotrophic endosymbiont, Neotyphodium, in perennial ryegrass were compared with endophyte-free ryegrass (Nil) for their effects on root herbivory, soilbiota, root growth, root morphology and alkaloid and nutrient content in pot trials. (waikato.ac.nz)
Do nutrient treatments alter the gradient of foliar traits within sugar maple canopies? (slideshare.net)
Are particular foliar traits important drivers of nutrient treatment response? (slideshare.net)
Dilute acid soluble ions, Total ions Are particular foliar traits important drivers of nutrient treatment response? (slideshare.net)
Traits9
Both exposure to herbivory and N2-fixation capacity were found to alter plant functional traits. (wits.ac.za)
Herbivore presence was associated with an increase in herbivore-resistant or structural traits such as C/N, C/P, foliar C and SLA as well as a reduction in N and P content. (wits.ac.za)
Although chemical deterrents to herbivory often exact costs in terms of plant growth, the manner in which those costs arise, and their physiological relationship to other functional traits, remain unclear. (nau.edu)
In the absence of appreciable herbivory, we examined interrelationships among chemical defense levels and other foliar functional traits (e.g., light-saturated photosynthesis, specific leaf area, nitrogen concentration) as co-determinants of tree growth and, by extension, competitive ability in high-density populations comprising 16 genotypes of Populus tremuloides. (nau.edu)
The lack of discernible links between foliar defense allocation and other (measured) functional traits, and the illustrated potential of metabolic turnover to reconcile influences of SPG allocation on RMG, shed additional light on fundamental physiological mechanisms underlying evolutionary tradeoffs between chemical defense investment and competitive ability in a foundation tree species. (nau.edu)
Diplodia sapinea infection reprograms foliar traits of its pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) host to death. (mpg.de)
Data was collected on tree traits (tree height, shoot length), abundance of leaf miners, damage by leaf chewers, and leaf damage by oak powdery mildew, a foliar fungal pathogen. (ceda.ac.uk)
26. October 2020 Measures of plant chemical traits are often achieved by merging several leaves, masking potential foliar variation within and among plant individuals. (coat.no)
Diplômé d'un doctorat en écologie, le cherche à mieux comprendre les effets qu'induisent les modifications de l'environnement à différentes échelles - du paysage à la parcelle - sur les communautés, les populations et les traits des invertébrés du sol. (cnrs.fr)
Nitrogen2
2008. Slow-cycle effects of foliar herbivory alter the nitrogen acquisition and population size of Collembola. (usgs.gov)
Plant nitrogen (N) status can affect the consumption rates and population dynamics of herbivorous insects, but the extent to which N deposition-induced changes in herbivory might lead to changes in ecosystem-level carbon (C) and N dynamics is unknown. (usp.ac.fj)
Additionally, these features were used in Machine Learning (ML) analyses for looking for classifiable patterns between tomato plants before and after fruit herbivory. (frontiersin.org)
Plants may compensate for the effects of herbivory, especially under favorable growing conditions, limited competition, and minimal top-down regulation. (usda.gov)
Plants respond to herbivory with a cascade of gene expression and phytochemical biosynthesis. (biomedcentral.com)
Meanwhile, root herbivory increased foliar phenolics by 31% in mycorrhizal plants, and increased arbuscular colonisation of roots by 75% overall. (edu.au)
The ability of AM fungi to facilitate resource allocation aboveground in this way may be a more widespread strategy for plants to cope with belowground herbivory. (edu.au)
Manipulation of herbivory by insecticide showed that root and foliar growth of AR1 and Nil plants were reduced by A. lentisci and also by an unidentified pseudococcid species infesting tillers. (waikato.ac.nz)
Ecosystem5
Including the effects of herbivory in ecosystem studies, particularly in systems where rates of herbivory are high and linked to plant C:N, will be important in generating accurate predictions of the effects of atmospheric N deposition on ecosystem C and N dynamics. (usp.ac.fj)
Herbivory strongly affects ecosystem functions and can help to maintain patterns of tree diversity in species-rich forests. (bef-china.de)
I hypothesize that while herbivory strongly affects ecosystem functions such as plant growth, both at the level of individual trees and across plots, effects are dependent on the richness and functional diversity of the plant communities. (bef-china.de)
Moreover, the phylogenetic composition of the plant communities (which might in part be independent of species richness), as well as environmental conditions that vary across plots, will modify the relationship between herbivory, ecosystem functions and tree diversity. (bef-china.de)
Direct manipulation of herbivory, and additional experiments on herbivore-pathogen interactions, resource quality effects and density-dependence patterns in the so-called 'BEFmod' approach at both experimental sites of the BEF China project will yield additional information for a direct quantification and mechanistic understanding of diversity-dependent herbivory effects on ecosystem functions. (bef-china.de)
In a separate herbivore exclusion study, a single bout of herbivory on previously undamaged M. quinquenervia trees caused an 80% reduction in reproductive structures the following season. (usda.gov)
Response5
Biochemical analysis showed that herbivory in the fruit triggered an oxidative response in other parts of the plant. (frontiersin.org)
Accumulation of isopentylamine increased during herbivory by the brown planthopper (Nilaparvata lugens, BPH) and the rice-feeding armyworm (Mythimna loreyi), as well as in response to treatment with the plant hormone, jasmonic acid. (bvsalud.org)
Root/shoot ratios were occasionally reduced in the presence of both species and in the presence of A. lentisci alone suggesting plant allocation to foliar growth in response to damage by these insects. (waikato.ac.nz)
Farmers studies redef ine, both temporally and spatially, the host response to herbivory. (bspp.org.uk)
Leaf volatile and nonvolatile metabolites show different levels of specificity in response to herbivory. (idiv.de)
Species2
Results from the Comparative Study Plots (CSPs) of the BEF-China project in secondary forest stands show that herbivory patterns change with increasing plant diversity and underscore the potential impact of herbivory on the coexistence of woody plant species. (bef-china.de)
In the third stage, I want to extend the scope to the project's experimental sites and link herbivory to specific functions of species-rich forests. (bef-china.de)
We used repeated artificial defoliation in Pinus radiata D. Don grafts to simulate the defoliation pattern associated with the Red needle cast (RNC) disease, a new foliar disease caused by Phytophthora pluvialis , whose infection peaks in winter ," write the authors. (botany.one)
Magnitude1
An increase in the herbivory frequency (2 bouts per year) or magnitude (100% simulated herbivory) did not result in a further reduction in fitness. (usda.gov)
Contrast1
In contrast, herbivory decreased both vegetative and SOC storage and depressed N mineralization rates. (usp.ac.fj)
Root1
Our results suggest that AM fungi may be able to augment plant tolerance to root herbivory via resource allocation aboveground and, at the same time, enhance plant root resistance by increasing root silicon. (edu.au)
Interactions1
Mes travaux concernent surtout les figuiers en milieu tropical et les orchidées en milieu méditerranéen et ils portent sur la compréhension fondamentale de ces interactions et l'opérationnalité de leur conservation. (cnrs.fr)
Concentrations1
Moreover, excessive herbivory may be additionally discouraged by the high phenolic concentrations in red leaves. (awaytogarden.com)
Tolerance1
This study aimed to investigate how AM fungi affect plant tolerance mechanisms to belowground herbivory. (edu.au)
Gradient1
Bottom-up and top-down drivers of herbivory on Arabica coffee along an environmental and management gradient. (idiv.de)
Experiments1
By screening for bioactive amines, we identified isopentylamine as a novel type of herbivory-induced compound in rice leaves, which was derived from the amino acid leucine in stable isotope labelling experiments. (bvsalud.org)
Identity1
Identity matters: Multiple herbivory induces less attractive or repellent coffee plant volatile emission to different natural enemies. (mpg.de)
Compensation2
We conclude that M. quinquenervia partially compensates for herbivory by producing new stems and replacing foliage, but this compensation results in a substantial reduction in reproduction. (usda.gov)
The Australian native Melaleuca quinquenervia is highly invasive in the Florida Everglades, USA, where it experiences little herbivory or competition from natives, making it a likely candidate for compensation. (usda.gov)
Vegetation1
COAT researchers monitor vegetation disturbances by biotic and abiotic factors, such as herbivory and extreme winter weather. (coat.no)
Results2
The results show with 90% of accuracy that the electrome registered in the fruit's peduncle before herbivory is different from the electrome during predation on the fruits. (frontiersin.org)
CRISPR/Cas9 genome-editing applied to MdPGT1 in apple results in reduced foliar phloridzin without impacting plant growth. (mpg.de)
Drivers1
In this work I also demonstrated whether particular nutrients are associated with specific drivers (i.e. herbivory, canopy position or N2-fixation). (wits.ac.za)
Evidence1
A new publication in Current Biology with collaborators from The Netherlands and China provides evolutionary evidence for the role foliar volatiles in plant defence. (unine.ch)
Role1
Our experiment was a first approach to understand the role and function of the lower crown, as target foliage by pathogens, and raises the question of the ecological role of mild foliar pathogenic infections. (botany.one)
Study1
The study aimed to test the hypothesis that tomato fruits transmit long-distance electrical signals to the shoot when subjected to herbivory. (frontiersin.org)