Flow variation in gene frequency. Medical search. Frequent questions

However, there are still genetic variations that exist among human populations, which can be used to study patterns of migration and genetic admixture. (favanimals.net)
The movement of genes between populations. (berkeley.edu)
11. Variation in gene frequencies within populations can occur by chance rather than by natural selection. (recruitmenttopper.com)
14. Random unidirectional change in allele frequencies that occurs by chance in all populations and especially in small populations is known as (a) migration (b) natural selection (c) genetic drift (d) mutation. (recruitmenttopper.com)
As we delve further into the intricacies of evolutionary biology, it becomes evident that population genetics plays a pivotal role in elucidating how genetic variation arises and spreads within populations. (eurocoml.org)
Finally, 'trait remixing' includes gene flow across landscapes, random genetic drift within populations, extinction and recolonization of local populations and mutation. (nature.com)
Because of the seasonal migration of wild host and temporal contact with farming, quantifying the genetic diversity and level of gene flow or isolation between parasite populations is useful for fish health management in farming. (biomedcentral.com)
Therefore, high or low genetic flow in parasite populations has important implications for evolutionary processes, such as host-race formation, adaptation to host defenses, and the evolution of drug resistance [ 11 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
The frequency of host antibiotic use often determines the strength of this selection, and changing patterns of antibiotic use can generate many types of behaviors in the population dynamics of resistant and sensitive bacterial populations. (bioone.org)
Additionally, gene flow (the movement of genes between populations) can also increase genetic diversity. (myface5.com)
EVOLUTION: GENES AND POPULATIONS CH 23 http://evolution.berkeley.edu/evolibrary/ news/070401_lactose Organisms DO NOT evolve. (studylib.net)
Natural selection acts on individuals causing populations to evolve Microevolution: changes in allele frequencies over time. (studylib.net)
Think of the effect of excessive hunting on animal populations  Founder effect: a few individuals from a population get separated from the rest Genetic drift is:  More significant in small populations and RANDOMLY causes allele frequencies to change  Can reduce variation in a population  Can cause unfavorable alleles to become fixed D. Selection: environment or humans select for favorable alleles which are then passed on. (studylib.net)
These data illustrate the complementary nature of laboratory crosses and population genomic scans by confirming the adaptive significance of previously identified genomic regions, elucidating the particular evolutionary and demographic history of such regions in natural populations, and identifying new genomic regions and candidate genes of evolutionary significance. (discovermagazine.com)
Drift increases the amount of genetic differentiation among populations if no gene flow occurs among them. (rwmansiononpeachtree.com)
We administered seven probe compounds devised to target six cytochrome P450 enzymes and the P-glycoprotein activity to assess phenotypic variation in four populations along a latitudinal transect spanning over Africa, the Middle East and Europe (349 healthy Ethiopian, Omani, Greek and Czech volunteers). (unige.ch)
By studying the distribution of genetic variation in different populations, researchers can uncover insights into how species evolve and adapt to their environments. (eurocoml.org)
Gene flow, on the other hand, involves the exchange of genetic material between different populations through migration or interbreeding. (eurocoml.org)
By studying these concepts and analyzing patterns of genetic variation within populations, researchers gain insights into various aspects of evolution, including speciation, adaptation to changing environments, and the impact of human activities on biodiversity. (eurocoml.org)
By investigating patterns of genetic variation within populations, we can unravel the mechanisms underlying evolutionary processes and apply this knowledge to diverse fields ranging from conservation biology to human health. (eurocoml.org)
Population genetics is a field of study within evolutionary biology that aims to understand the genetic variation and processes that occur within populations over time. (eurocoml.org)
To examine the consequences of the long-term practice of consanguineous marriage on the prevalence of lethal cancer genes, we simulated, by computer, the mating of non-consanguineous and consanguineous populations over 40 generations. (uaeu.ac.ae)
In conclusion, the BRCA1/2 and possibly other undiscovered tumor gene carrier rates are significantly lower in consanguineous than in non-consanguineous populations. (uaeu.ac.ae)
We investigated the frequencies of genetic variants linked to LP in Sudanese and South Sudanese populations. (scilifelab.se)
We sequenced a 316-bp region involved in regulating the expression of the LCT gene on chromosome 2, which encompasses five polymorphisms that have been associated with LP. Pastoralist populations showed a higher frequency of LP-associated alleles compared with nonpastoralist groups, hinting at positive selection also among northeast African pastoralists. (scilifelab.se)
Among the LP variants, the -14009:G variant occurs at the highest frequency among the investigated populations, followed by the -13915:G variant, which is likely of Middle Eastern origin, consistent with Middle Eastern gene flow to the Sudanese populations. (scilifelab.se)
The course of human history has been marked by complex patterns of migration, isolation, and admixture, the latter a term that refers to gene flow between individuals from different populations. (news-medical.net)
Because of this, Africa contains the highest levels of genetic diversity and population structure among humans, with non-African populations largely representing a subset of the genetic variation present on the African continent. (news-medical.net)
More recent demographic events that have occurred over the last 10,000 years have similarly resulted in admixture among modern humans, including gene flow among different click-speaking Khoe-San populations, the spread of pastoralism from eastern to southern Africa, and migrations of Bantu speakers across the continent. (news-medical.net)
We performed experimental evolution with vaccinia virus populations harboring a SNV in a gene actively undergoing copy number amplification. (elifesciences.org)
In order to expand our understanding of how recombination might influence virus variation during the course of adaptation, we focused on large DNA viruses, in which rapidly evolving populations can simultaneously harbor both adaptive gene copy number variation and beneficial single nucleotide variants (SNVs) at the same locus. (elifesciences.org)
This isolated population has limited gene flow with other bird populations and experiences genetic drift as it evolves independently. (sigmachihq.org)
Effects on Small Populations: Genetic drift has a more pronounced impact on smaller populations compared to larger ones since chance events have relatively greater consequences in altering allele frequencies. (sigmachihq.org)
Potential for Rapid Change: Unlike natural selection, which typically acts slowly over long periods, genetic drift can cause rapid shifts in allele frequencies within populations. (sigmachihq.org)
Researchers have analyzed genetic variation in people across India and discovered that most Indian people today descended from 2 ancestral populations. (nih.gov)
Different populations can differ in the frequency of people at risk for particular diseases and conditions. (nih.gov)
These findings confirm previous work demonstrating gene conversion in B. miyamotoi and that multiple serotype populations expressing different vmps arise when subjected to antibody selection. (cdc.gov)

Due to the random assignment of genes at conception, genetic variants predate disease development and are not influenced by environmental risk factors. (frontiersin.org)
Genetic drift describes random fluctuations in the numbers of gene variants in a population. (rwmansiononpeachtree.com)
GWAS evidenced that the variability of phenotypes measuring CYP2B6, CYP2C9, CYP2C19 and CYP2D6 activity was associated with genetic variants linked to the corresponding encoding genes, and to additional genes for the latter three. (unige.ch)
For analysis the genetic diversity of the sub allelic variants of Pvmsp3α and Pvmsp3β genes, Chi-Square test was performed by utilizing Minitab programming software 18. (scielo.br)
Poxvirus adaptation can involve combinations of recombination-driven gene copy number variation and beneficial single nucleotide variants (SNVs) at the same loci. (elifesciences.org)
In population genetics, fixation is the change in a gene pool from a situation where there exists at least two variants of a particular gene (allele) to a situation where only one of the alleles remains. (blogspot.com)
Any short-term phenotypic evolution we see is likely to be caused by changes in the frequency of standing variants. (johnhawks.net)
Validation and determination of the type, number, and frequency of serotype variants that arise during animal infections await further investigations. (cdc.gov)

Mendelian population, the concept of gene pool. (uninsubria.eu)
A small amount of gene flow per generation into a population/geographical region can drastically change its original gene frequencies in only a few thousand years as noted by Cavalli Sforza (1991). (allempires.com)
For example, a population with many different alleles at a locus may be said to have a lot of genetic variation at that locus. (berkeley.edu)
Genetic variation is essential for natural selection to operate since natural selection can only increase or decrease frequency of alleles already in the population. (berkeley.edu)
Random changes in the gene frequencies of a population from generation to generation. (berkeley.edu)
This process causes gene frequencies in a population to drift around over time. (berkeley.edu)
Some genes may even "drift out" of a population (i.e., just by chance, some gene may reach a frequency of zero). (berkeley.edu)
In general, genetic drift has the effect of decreasing genetic variation within a population. (berkeley.edu)
All of the genes in a population. (berkeley.edu)
also called allele frequency) Proportion of genes/alleles in a population that are of a particular type. (berkeley.edu)
15. Genetic variation in a population arises due to (a) recombination only (b) mutation as well as recombination (c) reproductive isolation and selection (d) mutations only. (recruitmenttopper.com)
Within this population, there exists natural variation in beak size among individuals due to genetic differences. (eurocoml.org)
This can alter the allele frequencies of the population through gene flow mechanisms. (netizenme.com)
Both mutation and gene flow do evolutionary processes introduce new genetic variation into a population. (netizenme.com)
Population genetics - sources of genetic variation, gene pools and allele frequencies, Hardy-Weinberg equation, genetic drift, gene flow and adaptive evolution. (eduncle.com)
Of these aspects, gene flow, which includes all mechanisms that result in the movement of genes from one population to another, determines the extent to which each local population of a species is an independent evolutionary unit [ 7 , 8 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Variation: Within any population, individuals exhibit variation in their heritable traits. (darwinism-watch.com)
Accumulation of Favorable Traits: Over time, as more individuals with advantageous traits survive and reproduce, the frequency of those traits increases in the population. (darwinism-watch.com)
The process of natural selection acts on the variation present within a population, favoring individuals that possess traits better suited to their environment and enabling them to leave more offspring. (darwinism-watch.com)
Genetic Drift: Genetic drift refers to the random fluctuations in the frequencies of alleles (alternative forms of genes) within a population. (darwinism-watch.com)
Population stratification in the candidate gene study: Fatal threat or red herring? (colorado.edu)
For example, if a small group of individuals were to colonize a new area, they may only carry a subset of the genetic variation present in the larger population from which they originated. (myface5.com)
Caused by:  Natural selection  Genetic drift  Gene flow Only natural selection causes adaptive evolution I. Genetic Variation and Evolution In order for evolution to occur, there must be genetic variation in a population A. Where does genetic variation come from? (studylib.net)
The Hardy Weinberg equilibrium Population: a group of actively interbreeding members of a species Gene pool: all of the alleles present in a population The Hardy-Weinberg principle states that allele frequencies in a population will remain unaltered from generation to generation IF the following criteria are met:  Extremely large population  No mutation  No selection  No gene flow (migration)  Mating is random 2. (studylib.net)
New allele frequency may not reflect individual population Shaking just a few marbles through the narrow neck of a bottle is analogous to a drastic reduction in the size of a population after some environmental disaster. (studylib.net)
Maintaining Alleles in a population Natural selection tends to remove variation by favoring certain alleles Mechanisms to preserve variation: o Diploidy: Recessive allele is hidden in heterozygote. (studylib.net)
A bottleneck effect is the term used to describe the loss of genetic variation that occurs after outside forces destroy most of a population. (rwmansiononpeachtree.com)
An example of a bottleneck Northern elephant seals have reduced genetic variation probably because of a population bottleneck humans inflicted on them in the 1890s. (rwmansiononpeachtree.com)
Genetic drift is the drifting of the frequency of an allele relative to that of the other alleles in a population over time as a result of a chance or random event. (rwmansiononpeachtree.com)
Genetic drift is usually considered as a random change in the gene of a group population which has intense effects on the larger population in the future. (rwmansiononpeachtree.com)
Genetic drift is change in allele frequencies in a population from generation to generation that occurs due to chance events. (rwmansiononpeachtree.com)
We will delve into key topics such as genetic drift, gene flow , natural selection, and population structure. (eurocoml.org)
Genetic drift refers to the random fluctuation in allele frequencies within a population due to chance events. (eurocoml.org)
It can introduce new genetic variation into a population and counteract the effects of genetic drift. (eurocoml.org)
Factors such as geographic barriers or social behavior can influence population structure by restricting gene flow between groups. (eurocoml.org)
Understanding population structure is important for studying patterns of genetic variation and identifying distinct evolutionary lineages within species. (eurocoml.org)
By examining how genes are inherited, distributed, and change in frequency within a population, researchers can gain insight into the mechanisms driving evolution. (eurocoml.org)
Over generations, these advantageous traits would increase in frequency within the bird population due to differential reproductive success. (eurocoml.org)
The genome of P. falciparum contains hundreds of genes that show CVGE, such that individual parasites within an isogenic population express these genes at very different levels, often fully active or completely silenced [15] . (plos.org)
Gene frequency in a population depends on the rate of inbreeding and length of consanguineous practices. (uaeu.ac.ae)
Give an example for the variation found in human population. (kseebsolutions.com)
This is an example of variation in human population. (kseebsolutions.com)
Only variations that confer an advantage to an individual organism will survive in a population. (kseebsolutions.com)
Yes, the variations that give advantage to an individual organism will increase its survival in the population. (kseebsolutions.com)
Thus more offspring and population with genetic variations will survive. (kseebsolutions.com)
Once the frequency of the allele is at 100%, i.e. being the only gene variant present in any member, it is said to be "fixed" in the population. (blogspot.com)
After wandering around, a solution entered my mind while reading the following sentence in Professor Moran's reply: "In my calculation, the values of Ne are irrelevant, so any value will work equally well, as long as you realize that you are starting with an ancestral population containing existing variation. (blogspot.com)
Whenever a newcomer joins the population, the fixation process is broken, because migrants bring with them new variation that did not exist initially. (blogspot.com)
The survivors will go on to reproduce and pass down their genes, but due to the limited number of breeding pairs left, there is now a smaller pool of genetic variation within the population. (sigmachihq.org)
Genetic drift is a fundamental concept in animal biology that refers to the random fluctuations in allele frequencies within a population over time. (sigmachihq.org)
Impact on Genetic Variation: Genetic drift reduces the overall genetic variation within a population over generations. (sigmachihq.org)
Then, an average shift of just 10% in the population allele frequency of each tall allele would increase average height in the population by 20 cm (assuming that SNPs contribute additively). (johnhawks.net)

Some of these genomic regions co-localize with previously identified QTL for stickleback phenotypic variation identified using laboratory mapping crosses. (discovermagazine.com)
They identified genomic islands of speciation between them, containing potentially adaptive genes associated with mate choice. (biomedcentral.com)

In particular, we explain why confirming the three main predicted empirical patterns (spatial variation in traits mediating interactions among species, trait mismatching among interacting species and few species-level coevolved traits) does not provide unequivocal support for the theory. (nature.com)
The GMTC predicts that these three processes lead to three observable patterns: spatial variation in the traits mediating an interspecific interaction, trait mismatching among interacting species and few species-level coevolved traits ( Thompson, 1999 , 2005 ). (nature.com)
The extent of geographic variations in gene frequency in most species is the result of the geographic distance between subpopulations and is associated with variations in the oceanographical conditions [ 3 - 5 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
The frequency distribution of the 166 strains according to their species or sequevar designations is presented in Table 1 . (cdc.gov)
Species that inhabit large altitudinal gradients are thus excellent models to study how organisms respond to environmental variation. (podarcis.eu)
The study highlighted several mechanisms underlying species diversification, including selection acting on existing standing variation, high rates of gene duplication, novel microRNAs and rapid sequence divergence in otherwise conserved non-coding elements. (biomedcentral.com)
Phylogenetic analyses showed that no single species tree can efficiently represent all species relationships, suggesting high levels of repeatedly occurring gene flow. (biomedcentral.com)
Because tumor suppressor genes are conserved and less species-specific than other genes, human BRCA1/2 homozygotes are likely to be biologically non-viable and are unknown to exist. (uaeu.ac.ae)
There has to be some gene flow between subpopulations otherwise they become equivalent to species (in the strict sense of the biological species concept). (blogspot.com)
Consequently, endangered species or captive breeding programs often face challenges related to preserving genetic diversity due to their restricted gene pools. (sigmachihq.org)
I explore problems such as how frequency-dependent processes within and between species maintains diversity, whether genetic polymorphisms or species in ecological communities. (lu.se)

These variations can arise from genetic mutations, genetic recombination during reproduction, or other sources of genetic diversity. (darwinism-watch.com)
New genes and alleles come from mutation and gene duplication  Gene recombination during meiosis: reshuffles alleles during sexual reproduction  Mutation is most important in asexually reproducing organisms while gene recombinations are more important in sexually reproducing organisms B. Hardy Weinberg Equilibrium and Allele Frequencies 1. (studylib.net)
Following duplication events, the resulting stretches of homologous sequence can promote recombination between gene copies. (elifesciences.org)

Speciation with gene flow often occurs in the form of ecological speciation. (biorxiv.org)
Both of these architectures on their own constrain speciation with gene flow in different ways. (biorxiv.org)

What if a trait comes under selection, but the variation in the trait is explained not by a single gene, but by dozens or hundreds of genes? (johnhawks.net)

Over time, the frequency of certain alleles (different forms of a gene) may change due to genetic drift, leading to a reduction in overall genetic diversity. (myface5.com)

Overall, the student will be able to assess the effect of variations in the genetic material on biochemical, physiological and molecular processes, with a special regard for quantitative traits. (uninsubria.eu)
Here, we evaluated the pattern of genetic variations and biological traits of Z. seriolae in a spatial and temporal scale across its geographical distribution in SEP to determine its genetic status and biological traits, which could affect its transmission dynamics from wild to farmed fish. (biomedcentral.com)
A few days ago I pointed to a paper which suggests the possible utility of looking at selection on standing genetic variation on quantitative traits to get a sense of the role of adaptation in the human genome. (discovermagazine.com)
The traits (characteristics) that are transferred from the parents to their offspring through genes are called inherited traits. (kseebsolutions.com)
The transmission of characteristics (traits) from the parents to their offspring through genes is known as heredity. (kseebsolutions.com)
The two parents already have variations accumulated from the previous generations and hence their progeny would be novel as they inherit traits from both parents. (kseebsolutions.com)

Mutations in several additional genes have also been found to cause pulmonary arterial hypertension, but they are much less common causes of the disorder than are BMPR2 gene mutations. (medlineplus.gov)

Antimicrobial resistance occurs through different mechanisms, which include spontaneous (natural) genetic mutations and horizontal transfer of resistant genes through deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA). (who.int)

We reveal that repeated ecological and morphological diversification along a common environmental axis is associated with both genome-wide allele frequency shifts and a specific, larger effect, locus, associated with the gene edar . (biorxiv.org)
The key point is that we should expect such an adaptation to occur by small allele frequency shifts spread across many loci. (johnhawks.net)

In the Course of Genetics, the student will learn the genetic mechanisms at the bases of Mendelian genetics, the main molecular aspects of the Central Dogma, how genes work, with emphasis on the relationship between the type of mutation and the resulting phenotype, and last the models for the study of evolutionary processes. (uninsubria.eu)
The learning outcomes, in terms of "Knowledge and know" are: achievement of informed judgment, adequate expertise and communication skills in relation to the genetic mechanisms at the bases of Mendelian genetics, molecular aspects of DNA replication, of transcription and translation, gene function, evolutionary processes and the theoretical and practical bases of recombinant DNA technology. (uninsubria.eu)
In addition to natural selection, there are three other important mechanisms of evolution: genetic drift, gene flow, and mutation. (darwinism-watch.com)
These changes can occur through a variety of mechanisms, such as genetic mutations, gene flow, genetic drift, and natural selection. (myface5.com)
Here we will describe our current knowledge of the biological processes and mechanisms that can be considered bona fide epigenetic phenomena in Plasmodium biology, and attempt to distinguish them from those unlikely to involve epigenetic flow of information, even if chromatin changes occur. (plos.org)
Our findings illuminate c-di-GMP as a switch controlling the RNA chaperone activity of PlzA, and we propose that complex RNA-mediated modulatory mechanisms allow PlzA to regulate gene expression during both the vector and host phases of the B. burgdorferi life cycle. (cdc.gov)

Many processes in parasite biology involve changes at the chromatin level, including regulation of transcription along a complex life cycle, delimitation of functional elements in the genome, and antigenic variation. (plos.org)

Human variation is a result of both genetic and environmental factors. (favanimals.net)
However, advancements in genetics and our understanding of human migration patterns have influenced how we perceive and classify human variation today. (favanimals.net)
Anthropological perspectives on human subspecies take into account the ways in which culture influences human variation and the role it plays in shaping our understanding of subspecies classification. (favanimals.net)
:103 Only in 1962 was the idea first proposed that human variation is continuous. (rationalwiki.org)
But although India is the world's second most populous nation, Indian people have thus far been underrepresented in genome-wide surveys of human variation. (nih.gov)

We discuss how these contrasted results highlight diverse evolutionary trajectories of ADME genes and proteins, consistent with the wide spectrum of both endogenous and exogenous molecules that are their substrates. (unige.ch)
all genes associated with this syndrome (ie, DKC1 , TERT, TERC, NOP10 ) encode proteins in the telomerase complex responsible for maintaining telomeres at the ends of chromosomes regarding shortening length, protection, and replication. (medscape.com)

The branch of biology that deals with the systematic study of heredity, variation and factors responsible for these is known as genetics. (kseebsolutions.com)

Allelic and genotypic frequencies. (uninsubria.eu)
Present study was designed to explore the genetic diversity of plasmodium vivax genotypes based on Pvmsp-3α and Pvmsp - 3β genes using allelic specific nested PCR and RFLP assays markers from field isolates in district Mardan, Pakistan. (scielo.br)

Analysis of variable major protein antigenic variation in the relapsing fever spirochete, Borrelia miyamotoi, in response to polyclonal antibody selection pressure. (cdc.gov)

It refers to the random changes that occur in gene frequencies over time as a result of chance events rather than natural selection. (sigmachihq.org)
Most importantly, adaptation could occur without dramatic allele frequency changes and without adaptive fixation events. (johnhawks.net)

Genome scans of selection highlighted multiple candidate regions, a few of which included ADME genes, but none overlapped with the GWAS candidates. (unige.ch)

It is what biologists call "kin selection," which is the way individuals can help propagate their own genes by helping biologically related kin who share those genes. (thenewatlantis.com)

Genetic drift takes place when the occurrence of variant forms of a gene, called alleles, increases and decreases by chance over time. (rwmansiononpeachtree.com)
Clonally variant gene expression (CVGE) lies at the base of a bet-hedging adaptive strategy consisting of the stochastic generation of phenotypic diversity followed by natural selection upon environmental changes (for a recent discussion on bet-hedging, see [14] ). (plos.org)

Despite the fact that Neolithic expansion had the same effect in Northern Africa as in Europe, the Straits of Gibraltar acted as a barrier between the two continents, limiting gene flow between North-western Africa and Western Europe through the Iberian Peninsula (Comas et al. (allempires.com)
Such information is critical for equitable biomedical research, leading the study's authors to call for more ethically conducted studies of genetic variation in Africa. (news-medical.net)
This report presents the status of AMR in Africa by analysing the main types of resistance and the underlying genes where possible. (who.int)

This work is expanding our view of the evolution of gamete morphology and the genes involved. (stanford.edu)
Annotation of these regions revealed numerous genes that are candidates for stickleback phenotypic evolution and will form the basis of future genetic analyses in this and other organisms. (discovermagazine.com)
Variation is necessary for organic evolution. (kseebsolutions.com)
Variations in organisms are the key for evolution. (kseebsolutions.com)
Since sexually reproducing organisms have more variations, the process of evolution gains speed. (kseebsolutions.com)

Human alcoholism studies of genes identified through mouse quantitative trait locus analysis. (colorado.edu)
1] The term can refer to a gene in general or particular nucleotide position in the DNA chain (locus). (blogspot.com)
Relapsing fever Borrelia undergo Vmp gene conversion at a single expression locus to generate new serotypes by antigenic switching which is the basis for immune evasion that causes relapsing fever in patients. (cdc.gov)
PCR analysis of the gene expression locus in the reisolates showed vsp1 was replaced by Vlp-encoded genes. (cdc.gov)

The scientists analyzed over 560,000 single-letter DNA variations called single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) across the genomes. (nih.gov)

Lactase persistence (LP) is a well-studied example of a Mendelian trait under selection in some human groups due to gene-culture coevolution. (scilifelab.se)
Although these numbers are hypothetical, they illustrate that, for a highly polygenic trait, a dramatic adaptive response could result from modest allele frequency changes at many loci. (johnhawks.net)

Why Do allele Frequencies Change? (studylib.net)
Directional selection on stature will change the allele frequencies for a few loci quite a bit more quickly than most. (johnhawks.net)

of inheritance, which means one copy of an altered gene in each cell is sufficient to cause the disorder. (medlineplus.gov)
It is caused by homozygous inheritance of genes for hemoglobin. (msdmanuals.com)

Gene duplication is long recognized as a potential source of genetic innovation ( Ohno, 1970 ). (elifesciences.org)
In addition, a mutation in the DKC1 gene is also found on exon 15, revealing a duplication, which adds a lysine residue on a polylysine tract on the C-terminus. (medscape.com)

Regulation of gene expression including operons bacteria and differential gene expression in multicellular eukaryotes. (eduncle.com)
Regarding the mechanism of action that caused antagonistic activity against Fol, it was found that plants infected only with Fol and plants pretreated with SodSid CBIO117 and infected with Fol showed higher levels of PR1 and ERF1 gene expression than control plants. (bvsalud.org)
In contrast, MYC2 gene expression was not induced by the SodSid CBIO117 application. (bvsalud.org)
How Reliable Are Gene Expression-Based and Immunohistochemical Biomarkers Assessed on a Core-Needle Biopsy? (lu.se)

The effects of mutation, gene flow, selection and genetic drift on the gene pool. (uninsubria.eu)
Genetic drift can result in the loss of rare alleles, and can decrease the size of the gene pool. (rwmansiononpeachtree.com)
Genetic drift may result in the loss of some alleles (including beneficial ones) and the fixation, or rise to 100 %, percent frequency, of other alleles. (rwmansiononpeachtree.com)

Pulmonary hypertension occurs when most of the very small arteries throughout the lungs narrow in diameter, which increases the resistance to blood flow through the lungs. (medlineplus.gov)
As a result, these arteries narrow in diameter, which increases the resistance to blood flow. (medlineplus.gov)
Blood pressure in the pulmonary artery and the right ventricle of the heart increases to overcome the increased resistance to blood flow. (medlineplus.gov)

The set of genes an organism has. (berkeley.edu)
These genes are potential targets of natural or cultural selection due to their function taking place at the interface between the organism and its chemical and dietary environment. (unige.ch)
This is because the favourable variations enable the organism to survive even in unfavourable conditions and hence increase the chances of its survival. (kseebsolutions.com)

This genetic flow from Europe seems have happened since Neolithic period. (allempires.com)
Many groups in India seem to have been founded by a few individuals, with little subsequent genetic flow between those groups over thousands of years. (nih.gov)

Races are defined according to any identifiable characteristic, including gene frequencies. (wikipedia.org)

DNA methylation and copy number variation profiling of T-cell lymphoblastic leukemia and lymphoma. (cancercentrum.se)

Absence of spontaneous mutations and gene flow were assumed. (uaeu.ac.ae)
The findings also provide evidence for spontaneous serotype variation emerging from culture growth in the absence of antibody pressure. (cdc.gov)

Overexpression of chromatin remodeling and tyrosine kinase genes in iAMP21-positive acute lymphoblastic leukemia. (cancercentrum.se)

It leads to random changes in allele frequencies. (rwmansiononpeachtree.com)

Humans exhibit a wide range of physical and genetic diversity, including variations in skin color, hair type, and facial features. (favanimals.net)
Genetic diversity in nested PCR products was determined by Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (RFLP) utilizing Alu1 and PstI restriction enzymes for alpha and beta gene products digestion, respectively. (scielo.br)
or the transmembrane protein gene cassettes of some pathogenic bacteria ( Santoyo and Romero, 2005 ), gene conversion can also generate sequence diversity. (elifesciences.org)

Hybrid zones between races are semi-permeable barriers to gene flow, see for example the chromosome races of the Auckland tree wētā. (wikipedia.org)
Variations in the organisation of the genome: changes of chromosome number and the effects of polyploidy. (uninsubria.eu)

Anatomy5

Organisms2

Diseases4

Chemicals and Drugs21

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment37

Psychiatry and Psychology2

Phenomena and Processes62

Disciplines and Occupations4

Anthropology, Education, Sociology and Social Phenomena2

Information Science7

Named Groups6

Health Care18

Geographicals1

Populations37

Variants8

Population52

Genomic2

Species11

Recombination3

Speciation2

Hundreds of genes1

Certain alleles1

Traits6

Additional genes1

Resistant genes1

Allele frequency shifts2

Mechanisms6

Processes1

Human variation5

Proteins2

Heredity1

Allelic2

Antigenic variation1

Occur2

GWAS1

Biologically1

Variant2

Africa3

Evolution5

Locus4

SNPs1

Trait2

Change2

Inheritance2

Duplication2

Expression4

Drift3

Resistance3

Organism3

Genetic flow2

Characteristic1

Copy number va1

Spontaneous2

Chromatin1

Random1

Diversity3

Chromosome2