• To facilitate intracellular flow cytometry assays, BD has developed several kits, buffers and protocols. (bdbiosciences.com)
  • For this purpose we measured cytokine production by these LPS-stimulated cells (MMF-DCs) using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays as well as their ability to activate naive Th lymphocytes. (eur.nl)
  • Furthermore, we developed flow cytometry based assays to detect total β2AR in human CD4+ T-lymphocytes that demonstrated decreased expression of β2AR in mitogen stimulated CD4+ T-lymphocytes in the presence of physiologic stress levels of CS and CT as single in vitro agents, however, when both CS and CT were combined, significantly higher expression of β2AR was observed. (tmc.edu)
  • Cellular immunity was determined simultaneously by lymphocyte proliferation (CFSE) and cytokine production (ICS)) multi-parameter flow cytometry assays using peripheral blood mononuclear cells from vaccinated individuals stimulated in vitro with DC electroporated with either all 4 or the individual HIV RNA. (biomedcentral.com)
  • MAb 4-58 stimulated the in vitro proliferation of leucocytes. (uni-muenchen.de)
  • In vitro MMF selectively induced type 2 cytokine production by primed Th lymphocytes, whereas type 1 cytokine production by and profileration of T lymphocytes were unaffected. (eur.nl)
  • T-cell receptor (TCR) gene transfer is an attractive strategy for rapid in vitro generation of high numbers of antigen specific T cells. (haematologica.org)
  • yet, at high ratios of AM to lymphocytes in vitro, suppression by AM predominates. (johnshopkins.edu)
  • Although individual pharmacologic doses of CS and CT can inhibit the expression of T-helper 1 (Th1, type-1 like) and promote the production of T-helper 2 (Th2, type-2 like) cytokines in antigen-specific and mitogen stimulated human leukocyte cultures in vitro, little attention has been focused on the effects of combination physiologic-stress doses of CT and CS that may be more physiologically relevant. (tmc.edu)
  • The immunotherapy consisted of monocyte-derived DC co-electroporated with CD40L in vitro transcribed (IVT) RNA along with amplified IVT RNA encoding for 4 HIV-1 antigens (GAG, NEF, REV and VPR). (biomedcentral.com)
  • To evaluate perhaps the same is true with regard to CD8(+) To tissue, we all studied cytotoxic Big t lymphocyte boost vitro as well as in combined chimeric mice by which coexisting APCs can either existing the preprocessed product antigen as well as directly identify certain PAMP, but not the two. (ap24534inhibitor.com)
  • Moreover, PMCs were able to stimulate CD4 + T-cell proliferation and Th22-cell differentiation by presenting tuberculosis-specific antigen. (atsjournals.org)
  • In particular, PMCs were able to function as antigen-presenting cells to stimulate CD4 + T-cell proliferation and Th22-cell differentiation. (atsjournals.org)
  • Pleural mesothelial cells stimulate CD4 + T-cell proliferation and Th22 cell differentiation in response to tuberculosis antigen. (atsjournals.org)
  • 2003. Clinical application of beryllium lymphocyte proliferation testing. (cdc.gov)
  • Variability, predictive value, and uses of the beryllium blood lymphocyte proliferation test (BLPT): preliminary analysis of the ongoing workforce survey. (cdc.gov)
  • 2000. Detection of beryllium sensitivity using a flow cytometric lymphocyte proliferation test: the Immuno-Be-LPT. (cdc.gov)
  • 2003. Identification of an abnormal beryllium lymphocyte proliferation test. (cdc.gov)
  • We performed an analysis of anti-HIV-specific response by evaluating the proliferation, IFNg production and the functionality in CD8+ and CD4+ T cells stimulated with autologous Gag, Nef, Rev and Vpr. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The 1G11 antibody inhibits T lymphocyte adhesion to TNF-stimulated endothelial cells. (beckman.com)
  • New, proteomic approaches, including T-cell and B-cells-epitope mapping, can also accelerate the pace at which scientists discover antibody-antigen relationships. (wikipedia.org)
  • The mouse monoclonal antibody CRIS1 reacts with an extracellular epitope of CD5, a 67kDa single-chain transmembrane glycoprotein expressed on mature T lymphocytes, most of thymocytes and B lymphocytes subset (B-1a lymphocytes). (exbio.cz)
  • During a typical immunodetection assay, the process begins with incubation in a blocking agent to minimise non-specific binding, before the addition of a primary antibody that binds specifically to the target antigen. (biozol.de)
  • The secondary reagent is most commonly an anti-species antibody which has been raised against the host species of the primary antibody, and is usually conjugated to a detection moiety such as a fluorophore or an enzyme to allow confirmation of the presence of the antigen in the test sample. (biozol.de)
  • Its presence is confirmed through the binding of an antigen-specific primary antibody, followed by the addition of a labelled secondary antibody. (biozol.de)
  • If the test sample were to contain the antigen, a reduction in signal would be seen since the primary antibody would bind to this and be removed from the assay during subsequent wash steps, rather than becoming attached to the microplate. (biozol.de)
  • This antibody was raised by immunizing mice with stimulated human leukocytes. (absoluteantibody.com)
  • This antibody is recommended for the detection of CD4 via immunofluorescence and flow cytometry. (absoluteantibody.com)
  • For instace, one group utilized EDU-2 antibody to identify CD4-posotive cells via a modified flow cytometric assay in order to develop efficient and cost-effective method for HIV infection monitoring (Barbesti et al. (absoluteantibody.com)
  • Applications Reported: This 17A2 antibody has been reported for use in flow cytometric analysis. (thermofisher.com)
  • Applications Tested: This 17A2 antibody has been tested by flow cytometric analysis of mouse splenocytes. (thermofisher.com)
  • This assessment can also be done by measuring antibody responses following active immunization with protein or polysaccharide antigens. (medscape.com)
  • Therefore, antibody responses should be measured to polysaccharide antigens that are not present in the protein-conjugated pneumococcal vaccine. (medscape.com)
  • Alternatively antibody response to typhoid-Vi antigen can be measured following typhoid vaccine administration. (medscape.com)
  • This Antibody was verified by Relative expression to ensure that the antibody binds to the antigen stated. (thermofisher.com)
  • Intracellular staining of human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) with PCH101 antibody using the anti-human Foxp3 Staining Set and protocol reveals approximately 0.5-4% of lymphocytes staining, with the majority of staining occurring in the CD25^bright population. (thermofisher.com)
  • Applications Tested: This PCH101 antibody has been pre-titrated and tested by intracellular staining and flow cytometric analysis using the Foxp3/Transcription Factor Buffer Staining Set (cat. (thermofisher.com)
  • A combination of HS201-PDT with anti-PD-L1 antibody demonstrated the greatest antigen-specific immune response, tumor growth suppression, prolonged mouse survival time and abscopal effect. (bmj.com)
  • Their analysis probed gene expression of human B and T lymphocytes during cellular activation and/or stimulation with cytokines, a type of signaling regulatory molecule. (wikipedia.org)
  • Innate and adaptive immune responses were reduced in the absence of miR-155, along with decreased proinflammatory mediators, Th-1-associated and Th-2-associated cytokines and accumulation of lymphocyte subpopulations. (parasite-journal.org)
  • Dans ces deux modèles de souris, des tests ELISA ont été utilisés pour l'analyse des cytokines associées à Th1, Th2 et Th17, et la cytométrie en flux a été utilisée pour l'analyse des sous-populations de cellules NK, NKT, CD8 + T, CD4 + T et les cellules T régulatrices (Tregs), ainsi que les monocytes inflammatoires Ly6Chi et les cellules dendritiques. (parasite-journal.org)
  • Les réponses immunitaires innées et adaptatives ont été réduites en l'absence de miR-155, ainsi qu'une diminution des médiateurs pro-inflammatoires, des cytokines associées à Th-1 et Th-2 et à une accumulation de sous-populations de lymphocytes. (parasite-journal.org)
  • The impacts of proinflammatory cytokines and antigen presentation by pleural mesothelial cells (PMCs) on Th22-cell differentiation were explored. (atsjournals.org)
  • Salicru, Adriano N, "The roles of costimulatory molecules in the cooperative effects of combination epinephrine and dexamethasone on type-1/type-2 cytokine production in tetanus-toxoid specific stimulated human peripheral blood mononuclear cells" (2007). (tmc.edu)
  • Co-administration of a clinically relevant dexamethasone dosage with ablative radiotherapy reduces peripheral lymphocytes but does not alter in vivo intratumoral lymphocyte phenotype or inhibit efficacy of radiotherapy in a murine colorectal tumor model. (rochester.edu)
  • The cancer diagnostics market is on the verge of explosion, as the researchers approach major technological breakthroughs in tumor diagnosis and therapy, discover new specific antigens, and unlock the mystery of the genetic basis of the disease. (aarkstore.com)
  • Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF α ) stimulates the expression of monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 (MCP-1) [ 11 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • 1 , 2 The anti-tumor effect of DLI is mediated by donor T cells recognizing allo-antigens on the malignant cells of the recipient. (haematologica.org)
  • Using tumor cells constitutively expressing a cytomegalovirus (CMV) antigen, we show that expansion of CMV-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) restricted by DCs' MHC class I molecules was higher when DC-tumor hybrids were the stimulators. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Efficacy was dependent on the number of CD8+ T cells able to recognize tumor antigens that infiltrated the malignant tissue. (unav.edu)
  • LFA-1 participates in several processes, such as T cell-mediated killing, T helper and B lymphocyte responses, natural killing, Ab-dependent cellular cytotoxicity by monocytes and granulocytes, and adherence of leukocytes to endothelial cells, fibroblasts, and epithelial cells. (sigmaaldrich.com)
  • It is involved in the adhesion of lymphocytes, monocytes and eosinophils to activated endothelium. (beckman.com)
  • In addition, we demonstrated the differential expression of CD80/CD86 in favor of CD86 at the cellular and population level as determined by flow cytometry in lipopolysaccharide stimulated human Monocytes. (tmc.edu)
  • Flow cytometric estimation of the apoptotic marker CD95 in peripheral neutrophils, lymphocytes and monocytes was done for 18 infants with non-oedematous protein energy malnutrition (PEM) and 12 oedematous ones, on hospital admission and after supervised nutritional rehabilitation, and compared with 12 matched controls. (who.int)
  • Derived from the hybridization of mouse myeloma cells with spleen cells from BALB/c mice immunized with blast cells from pokeweed mitogen-stimulated peripheral blood cells. (nordicmubio.com)
  • Earlier we found that the beneficial effects of FAE medication are accompanied by a downregulation of type 1 cytokine production by T-helper (Th) lymphocytes, which are important as they maintain a type 1 cytokine [interferon (IFN)-γ, interleukin (IL)-2] environment in the skin lesions of psoriasis vulgaris patients and once maximal beneficial effects are obtained type 2 cytokine production is also decreased. (eur.nl)
  • Consequently, these MMF-DCs are less effective than control DCs in stimulating type 1 cytokine, but not type 2 cytokine production, in Th lymphocytes. (eur.nl)
  • Treatment with granulocyte colony-stimulating factor is used to stimulate neutrophil production and prevent bacterial infections after cancer chemotherapy and with severe chronic neutropenia. (msdmanuals.com)
  • While western blotting and other methods are useful for the examination of single proteins expressed by entire cell populations, flow cytometry allows the detection of multiple proteins simultaneously at the level of individual cells. (bdbiosciences.com)
  • Cells are fixed and permeabilized (symbolized by dashed line membrane), stained, and analyzed by flow cytometry. (bdbiosciences.com)
  • Rapamycin enhanced expansion of peripheral antigen-specific CD8 T cells and IFNγ production following ex vivo antigen stimulation. (aacrjournals.org)
  • Flow cytometer analyses demonstrated an increased frequency following the stimulation with Concanavalin A. The frequency of mAb 4-13- and mAb 4-58-positive cells matched the total frequency of CD4- and CD8-positive cells. (uni-muenchen.de)
  • Preliminary data suggests that mab 4-39 is binding to a lektin, that can be found mainly on B-Lymphocytes and endothelial cells. (uni-muenchen.de)
  • To establish whether these cells were differentiated into iDCs, we analysed the expression of cell surface molecules on these cells and the capacity to capture antigens using flow cytometry. (eur.nl)
  • The production of IL-4 and IL-10 by naive Th lymphocytes cocultured with MMF-DCs did not differ from that by T cells cocultured with control DCs. (eur.nl)
  • This procedure required that antigens be isolated from whole cells, digested into smaller fragments, and tested against T- and B-cells to observe T- and B- cell responses. (wikipedia.org)
  • Antigen-presenting cells (APC) are capable of internalizing pathogens and displaying a fragment of the antigen - the epitope - with major histocompatibility complexes (MHCs) on the cell surface. (wikipedia.org)
  • Here, we describe a microfluidic-based method which enables the detection of microRNAs or miRNAs in single intact cells by flow-FISH using locked nucleic acid (LNA)-containing probes. (nih.gov)
  • For demonstration of our method, this chapter details the detection of miR155 and CD69 protein in PMA and ionomycin-stimulated Jurkat cells. (nih.gov)
  • We also include instructions on how to set up a microfluidic chip sample preparation station to prepare cells for imaging and analysis on a commercial flow cytometer or a custom-built micro-flow cytometer. (nih.gov)
  • Piperlongumine inhibited inflammatory mediators and adherence of lymphocyte function-associated antigen 1 to MH-S cells following TDM activation. (chemnews-japan.com)
  • In TDM-stimulated MH-S cells, PL significantly influenced the macrophage inducible Ca 2+ -dependent lectin receptor (Mincle)-Syk-ERK signalling pathway. (chemnews-japan.com)
  • positive controls may include Western blot data generated against recombinant proteins or lysates from cell lines known to express high levels of the target antigen, whereas negative controls might be microscopy images from plated cells which have been treated with siRNA. (biozol.de)
  • SLAM homotypic adhesion bidirectionally stimulates T and B cells. (rndsystems.com)
  • We further demonstrate directly using intracellular flow cytometry that autoimmune toxicity in patients is associated with higher absolute numbers of CD4 and CD8 T cells with Th17 differentiation in peripheral blood prior to therapy, and that gastrointestinal tissues from patients with active autoimmune complications of PI3Kδ inhibitors show infiltration with Th17 + T cells. (nature.com)
  • Naive CD4 + T cells can develop into various helper T (Th) subsets with different cytokine profiles and play a discriminative role in translating antigen-specific immune responses into tissue functions or immunopathology. (atsjournals.org)
  • An accumulation of lymphocytes, especially CD4 + T cells, in TPE has been well documented ( 2 ). (atsjournals.org)
  • The use of CD20 as suicide gene was investigated in CMV specific T cells and in T cells genetically modified with an antigen specific T-cell receptor. (haematologica.org)
  • Donor T cells may also induce GvHD due to recognition of allo-antigens on non-malignant tissues of the patient. (haematologica.org)
  • 4 In addition, TCRs for minor histocompatibility antigens, including HA-1 and HA-2, have been transferred to donor-derived virus-specific T cells to treat patients with hematologic malignancies after allogeneic stem cell transplantation. (haematologica.org)
  • Although human CD20 has previously been described as functional selection marker and suicide gene after retroviral transfer to T lymphocytes, 9 , 10 the specificities of these T cells were unknown, and therefore a potential effect of CD20 on antigen-specific T-cell functions could not be investigated. (haematologica.org)
  • Results: According to multicolor flow cytometry assay, the frequency of CD8+ T-cells producing IFNγ and TNFα in the splenocytes of immunized mice with PT-NT(gp96) (6.8%, 4%) was significantly higher than those of immunized with PT (0.9% , 0.8%), respectively. (fatcat.wiki)
  • CD71 antigen expression is low on normal resting lymphocytes and is expressed on all cells upon activation. (nordicmubio.com)
  • Novel surface antigens expressed on dividing cells but absent from non-dividing cells. (nordicmubio.com)
  • Natural killer cells activated in a human mixed lymphocyte response culture identified by expression of Leu-11 and class II histocompatibility antigens. (nordicmubio.com)
  • Cell phenotype was evaluated by flow cytometry and antigen-presenting ability by co-culture with syngeneic T cells followed by tetramer analysis and interferon (IFN)-γ ELISPOT. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Furthermore, only hybrids stimulated CTLs to produce IFN-γ in response to CMV-positive target cells. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Hybrids expressed more co-stimulatory and MHC molecules, induced higher antigen-specific T-cell expansion and were the only cells able to induce IFN-γ-producing antigen-specific T cells. (ox.ac.uk)
  • A novel flow cytometric method for quantifying phagocytosis of apoptotic cells. (southernbiotech.com)
  • 5. Moritz DR, Rodewald H, Gheyselinck J, Klemenz R. The IL-1 receptor-related T1 antigen is expressed on immature and mature mast cells and on fetal blood mast cell progenitors. (southernbiotech.com)
  • 13. Zheng B, Han S, Kelsoe G. T helper cells in murine germinal centers are antigen-specific emigrants that downregulate Thy-1. (southernbiotech.com)
  • The numbers of Foxp3 + Tregs and Th1, Th17, and Th22 cells were measured in 32 AIH patients using flow cytometry. (hindawi.com)
  • Regulatory T cells (Tregs) are important regulators of immune tolerance to self-antigens [ 14 , 15 ], and their impairment has been associated with the development of autoimmune diseases [ 16 , 17 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • Funding PTC Therapeutics, Cystic Fibrosis Base Therapeutics.Productive priming of versatile defense reactions will be crucially dependent upon inborn initial signs that will turn resting antigen-presenting cells (APCs) straight into immunogenic versions. (ap24534inhibitor.com)
  • All of us reveal that in a roundabout way stimulated APCs market antigen-specific expansion involving unsuspicious CD8(+) T cells however neglect to assist their tactical and also cytotoxic Capital t lymphocyte difference. (ap24534inhibitor.com)
  • Morphologically, in the peripheral blood, these cells resemble mature lymphocytes. (medscape.com)
  • Cytotoxic T lymphocytes play a central role in the human and avian infl uenza (H5N1) strains in healthy donors clearance of primary infl uenza virus infection, peaking af- vaccinated for seasonal infl uenza A (H1N1)/(H3N2). (cdc.gov)
  • Materials and Methods: A multi-epitope (PT) DNA vaccine encoding four HCV immunodominant cytotoxic T lymphocyte epitopes (HLA-A2 and H2-D d) from Core, E2, NS3 and NS5B antigens in addition to a T-helper CD4+ epitope from NS3 protein and a B-cell epitope from E2 protein was designed and constructed. (fatcat.wiki)
  • Intracellular flow cytometry is a powerful technique for the identification of cell types and the analysis of signaling and functional responses within cell lines and heterogeneous cell samples. (bdbiosciences.com)
  • Intracellular flow cytometry also provides rich information concerning cellular function and signaling responses. (bdbiosciences.com)
  • Please see Best Protocols Section (Staining intracellular Antigens for Flow Cytometry) for staining protocol (refer to Protocol B: One-step protocol for intracellular (nuclear) proteins). (thermofisher.com)
  • The protein intercellular adhesion molecule 3 (ICAM-3) functions as a receptor for LFA-1 (leukocyte function-associated antigen-1) and mediates adhesive interactions of leukocyte cell surface adhesion molecules in inflammatory and immune response. (sigmaaldrich.com)
  • CD5 modulates signaling through the antigen-specific receptor complex (TCR and BCR). (exbio.cz)
  • Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy is effective in relapsed/refractory large B-cell lymphoma and results in a unique toxicity profile, namely cytokine release syndrome (CRS) and immune effector cell-associated neurotoxicity syndrome. (chemnews-japan.com)
  • EDU-2 (B486) recognizes CD4, which is a membrane glycoprotein of T lymphocytes that interacts with major histocompatibility complex class II antigenes and is also a receptor for the human immunodeficiency virus. (absoluteantibody.com)
  • Lipopolysaccharides from Legionella and Rhizobium stimulate mouse bone marrow granulocytes via Toll-like receptor 2. (southernbiotech.com)
  • The stimulated cellular and humoral immune responses of PT and PT-NT(gp96) were evaluated in mice model. (fatcat.wiki)
  • The specific role of alveolar macrophages (AM) in modulating the local cellular immune response to antigens is controversial. (johnshopkins.edu)
  • CD150) was the first identified of a family of type I transmembrane (TM) lymphocyte activating receptors. (rndsystems.com)
  • APCs revealing the relevant natural design recognition receptors can be straight stimulated by pathogen-associated molecular styles (PAMPs) to become capable of perfect T-cell answers. (ap24534inhibitor.com)
  • The CD106 antigen, also known as Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1 (VCAM-1), is an adhesion molecule which binds to integrin α4/β1 (VLA‑4) and integrin α4/β7 on lymphocytes. (beckman.com)
  • A B lymphocyte surface molecule mediating activation and protection from apoptosis via calcium channels. (southernbiotech.com)
  • Spleens from ProGP treated mice were evaluated by immunocytochemistry and enriched CD11c+ populations were functionally assessed in a mixed lymphocyte assay and in an antigen dependent CTL assay. (medscimonit.com)
  • See instrument manufacturer's instructions for Lysed Whole Blood and Immunofluorescence analysis with a flow cytometer or microscope. (nordicmubio.com)
  • As shown by multiplex tissue immunofluorescence and intravital microscopy, combined immunotherapy treatments enhance T cell infiltration and the intratumoral performance of T lymphocytes. (unav.edu)
  • They had appropriate birth weight and all cytometry [ 10 ] or polymerase chain reac- had a dietetic cause for their condition start- tion assay [ 11 ]. (who.int)
  • 3 Autologous lymphocytes genetically modified with the TCR for MART-1/Melan-A have been adoptively transferred to patients with advanced melanoma. (haematologica.org)
  • This immunotherapeutic approach may overcome the lack of polyvalent specificity of the immune response for autologous HIV-1 antigens that has been one of the reasons for the failure of prior immunotherapies that use consensus HIV-1 sequences. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Traditionally, scientists studying the immune system have had to search for antigens on an individual basis and identify the protein sequence of these antigens ("epitopes") that would stimulate an immune response. (wikipedia.org)
  • Two sets of primers were used for DNA amplification targeting the specific sequence of a 529 bp repeat element and another set of primers was utilised for the surface antigen protein-1 gene. (chemnews-japan.com)
  • Assessment of responses to polysaccharide antigens is important in patients older than 18-24 months because these responses may be deficient in some patients who can respond normally to protein antigens. (medscape.com)
  • Following secretion, they bind with an extremely high degree of specificity to the foreign antigen which stimulated their production. (biozol.de)
  • 67 kDa) is a human cell surface T-lymphocyte single-chain transmembrane glycoprotein. (exbio.cz)
  • positive control: peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL), Jurkat human leukemia T-cell line, HPB human leukemia T-cell line, MOLT-4 human leukemia T-cell line. (exbio.cz)
  • Preliminary results of these roll-over subjects indicate an increase in HIV-specific CD8+ T-lymphocyte polyfunctional populations following immunotherapy which is accentuated after ART treatment interruption. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (chronic lymphoid leukemia, CLL) is a monoclonal disorder characterized by a progressive accumulation of functionally incompetent lymphocytes (see the image below). (medscape.com)
  • 12 oedematous (4 males and 8 females) optotic marker CD95 (Fas antigen) can be with mean age 11.67 (SD 4.92) months. (who.int)
  • Herpes simplex virus thymidine kinase (HSV-tk) is a well-established suicide gene that has been successfully used to control GvHD following donor lymphocyte infusions (DLI) after allogeneic stem cell transplantation. (haematologica.org)
  • T-cell clones were stimulated every 10-14 days with irradiated allogeneic PBMC and phyto-hemagglutinin in IMDM with 5% human serum (HS), 5% FBS and 100 IU/mL IL-2 as previously described. (haematologica.org)
  • In addition to well-characterized Th1 and Th17 lymphocytes, a new IL-22-producing T cell, termed Th22 cell, has been described as expressing its key cytokine IL-22, which can activate signal transduction and transcription 3 (STAT3) [ 10 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • We investigated the use of human CD20 as suicide gene in T-lymphocytes. (haematologica.org)
  • These observations demonstrate that human AM might either enhance immune function or exert an antiphlogistic effect within the alveolar milieu in response to inhaled foreign antigens. (johnshopkins.edu)
  • His work covers various topics, including B cell responses to viral infection and vaccination, human primary immunodeficiency, and biology of lymphocyte development and function and to elucidate etiology of immunological disorders. (stanford.edu)
  • Although not intending to address any aspect of immunity at the start of their experiment, these researchers observed that the expression profiles of serum-stimulated fibroblasts were far richer than anticipated and suggested an important physiological role for fibroblasts in healing wounds. (wikipedia.org)