• Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) results from BCR-ABL oncogene, which blocks CML cells differentiation and protects these cells from apoptosis. (jcancer.org)
  • Here, we determined the effect of Jiyuan oridonin A (JOA), an ent -kaurene diterpenoid compound, on the differentiation blockade in imatinib-sensitive, particularly, imatinib-resistant CML cells with BCR-ABL-T315I mutation by cell proliferation assay, apoptosis analysis, cell differentiation analysis, cell cycle analysis and colony formation assay. (jcancer.org)
  • Students of apoptosis and other types of cell death hypothesize that virtually all cells are genetically programmed to self-destruct. (nhbs.com)
  • S.W. Sherwood and R.T. Schimke, Cell Cycle Analysis of Apoptosis Using Flow Cytometry. (nhbs.com)
  • A.J. McGahon, S.J. Martin, R.P. Bissonnette, A. Mahboubi, Y. Shi, R.J. Mogil, W.K. Nishioka, and D.R. Green, The End of the (Cell) Line: Methods for the Study of Apoptosis In Vitro. (nhbs.com)
  • Molecular mechanisms and the influences of different regulation the expression of AKT1 on HCC cell growth, proliferation were determined by western blotting, MTT and colony formation assays, cell cycle and apoptosis were investigated by flow cytometry. (spandidos-publications.com)
  • The phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/RAC seine/threonine-protein kinase (AKT)/mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling pathway is a promising therapeutic target owing to its frequent dysregulation in HCC and the critical functions it has in regulating cell survival, proliferation, apoptosis, migration and angiogenesis through phosphorylation of distinct protein substrates ( 6 , 7 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
  • However, the precise molecular mechanisms by which AKT1 promotes cell proliferation and regulates apoptosis ( 18 , 19 ) remain largely unclear. (spandidos-publications.com)
  • High expression of activated AKT can be detected in HCC, and AKT may promote cell proliferation and regulation of cells apoptosis in HCC ( 20 , 21 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
  • Subsequent mechanism investigations revealed that AKT1 served a notable function in cell proliferation and anti-apoptosis by directly regulating the expression of phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) and Notch1. (spandidos-publications.com)
  • In most cancers, hSulf-1 is inactivated, which endows cancer cells with increasesed cell proliferation and metastatic activities, inhibition of apoptosis, and decreased sensitivity to radio- and chemotherapy. (oncotarget.com)
  • In this study, we found that hSulf-1 overexpression in melanoma cells can inhibit cell proliferation and induce cell cycle arrest and apoptosis by decreasing the protein kinase B (AKT) phosphorylation and limiting CDK4 nuclear import. (oncotarget.com)
  • The decreased expression of hSulf-1 is closely related to cancer cell proliferation, increased metastatic activity, inhibition of apoptosis, and reduced sensitivity to radio- and chemotherapy [ 3 - 5 ]. (oncotarget.com)
  • The aim of the present investigation was to elucidate the cellular mechanisms whereby Tanshinone IIA (Tan IIA) leads to cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in vitro in keratinocytes, the target cells in psoriasis. (hindawi.com)
  • Furthermore, Tan IIA-induced apoptosis and mitochondrial membrane potential changes were also further demonstrated by DNA fragmentation, single-cell gel electrophoresis assay (SCGE), and flow cytometry methods. (hindawi.com)
  • Therefore, based on clinical experience as well as cytotoxic activity against multiple human cancer cells, we hypothesized that induction of apoptosis is the underlying mechanism for the treatment of psoriasis. (hindawi.com)
  • In addition to inducing necrosis and apoptosis, ROS induces autophagic cell death. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Extracts prepared from Trametes versicolor under the trade name of I'm-Yunity exhibit anti-tumorigenic activities, as supported by inhibition of the proliferation and induction of apoptosis in malignant cells. (spandidos-publications.com)
  • Apoptosis allows for efficient and immunologically silent removal of damaged or superfluous cells in multicellular organisms. (nature.com)
  • For example, paeonol inhibits proliferation and induces apoptosis of bladder cancer cells in vitro and in vivo by regulating the phosphorylation expression of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase and protein kinase B (PKB/AKT). (cjphysiology.org)
  • Further, cell death effect of ST was associated with induction of apoptosis. (biomedcentral.com)
  • In addition, ebastine treatment exerted obvious effects on cell cycle arrest, metastasis inhibition, apoptosis and autophagy induction both in vitro and in vivo . (ijbs.com)
  • TP53 is a checkpoint molecule that maintains genomic stability, prevents cell mitosis and induces apoptosis following abnormal chromosome segregation or chemical damage to DNA sequences [ 9 , 10 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Cell cycles and cell apoptosis were detected with flow cytometry. (biomedcentral.com)
  • But Stathmin downregulation did not induce significant cell apoptosis. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Furthermore, knockdown of the Stathmin expression also induced the cell cycle arrest at G2/M phase, but no significantly statistical difference on apoptosis rate in U373 and U87-MG cells. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Functional studies showed that LIPH-4 promoted the growth, mediated cell cycle progression and inhibited apoptosis in ESCC cells in vitro , and promoted tumor growth in mice. (researchsquare.com)
  • The biological functions of ATL in GBM cells were investigated using migration/invasion, colony formation and cell cycle/apoptosis assays. (biomedcentral.com)
  • In addition, COX-2 is a target of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), and its selective inhibitors could effectively prevent inflammation, proliferation and angiogenesis and induce apoptosis in human cancer cells. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Collectively, both arms of this Module add scientific value to the work of vision scientists by reducing the time and effort required for basic cell culture assays such as viability and cell cycle assessments. (utsouthwestern.edu)
  • and a Nexcelom Cellometer for rapid determination of cell number, cell viability, transfection efficiency, and cell cycle assays. (utsouthwestern.edu)
  • It consists of 4 fluorescent channels (UV to far red) and has extensive applications including bright field cell counting, wound-healing and cell growth assays, cell line development, induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) reprogramming, 3D invasion and migration modeling, immune-oncology, virology, and fluorescent-based assays. (utsouthwestern.edu)
  • B.A. Osborne, S.W. Smith, Z.-G. Liu, K.A. McLaughlin, and L.M. Schwartz, Transient Transfection Assays to Examine the Requirement of Putative Cell Death Genes. (nhbs.com)
  • Our course aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of the underlying principles of flow cytometry, while also emphasising practical considerations related to the most frequently used assays. (embl.org)
  • Cell counting kit 8, 5-Bromo-2-deoxyuridine, 5-ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine (EdU) incorporation, flow cytometry analysis, western blotting and seahorse XFe24 extracellular flux analyzer assays showed that paeonol had a significant inhibitory effect against A549 cell proliferation and glycolysis. (cjphysiology.org)
  • Cell Cycle Analysis Growth Assays and Micronucleation. (cancerrealitycheck.com)
  • For growth assays cells were seeded on day 0 at 2 0 cells per well in a 96-well plate. (cancerrealitycheck.com)
  • Using loss-of-function and overexpression assays in zebrafish, we demonstrate that Id2a levels modulate retinoblast cell cycle kinetics and thereby influence neuron and glia formation in the retina. (biologists.com)
  • Cell viability assays, colony formation assays, wound healing assays, and Transwell assays demonstrated that ebastine elicited antitumor effects in osteosarcoma cells. (ijbs.com)
  • Migration assays showed that MAIT cells and EM T cells migrated toward conditioned medium from placental explants. (frontiersin.org)
  • Blocking of MIF or a combination of MIF, CCL25, and CCL20 in migration assays inhibited MAIT cell migration toward placenta conditioned medium. (frontiersin.org)
  • The biological function of LIPH-4 was examined in cell and animal studies, applying CCK-8, EdU, colony formation and flow cytometry assays as well as xenograft model experiments. (researchsquare.com)
  • Cell growth was determined using MTT assays. (alk-inhibitors.com)
  • The first is a stochastic model of the progression of cell cycle states, which is applied to experimental data for two synchronized isogenic MMR + and MMR − colon cancer cell lines treated with and without IUdR. (aacrjournals.org)
  • By utilising flow cytometry, researchers can accurately identify and measure specific cell populations within complex mixtures, as well as assess cell cycle progression, proliferation status, and expression of fluorescent markers. (embl.org)
  • EIF5B (Eukaryotic Translation Initiation Factor 5B) is a conserved eukaryotic translation factor that mediates association of the 40S and 60S ribosomal subunits during eukaryotic translation initiation, and modulates the cell cycle progression by regulating the translation of upstream open reading frames (uORF)-containing mRNAs such as p27 and p21 [ 3 ]. (techscience.com)
  • These data suggest that EIF5B functions as an oncogene that promotes cancer cell growth, survival, and progression. (techscience.com)
  • Aberrant glycolytic reprogramming is involved in lung cancer progression by promoting the proliferation of non-small cell lung cancer cells. (cjphysiology.org)
  • The persistent fork progression in HU-treated Cdk2AF/AF cells indicates that Cdk2 inhibitory phosphorylation is required for normal Corynoxeine execution of the S-phase checkpoint induced by replication stress. (cancerrealitycheck.com)
  • In cell cycle progression studies cells were Corynoxeine incubated for 48-52 h in serum- and leucine-free media (MP Biomedicals) and released into media containing 40 ng/mL nocodazole to prevent entry into the next cell cycle. (cancerrealitycheck.com)
  • Id2a-deficient retinas possess increased numbers of cells occupying S phase, at the expense of mitotic cells, and kinetic analyses demonstrate that Id2a is required for S-phase progression and/or the transition from S to M phase. (biologists.com)
  • Mosaic analyses reveal that Id2a function in facilitating both cell cycle progression and neuronal differentiation in the retina is non-cell-autonomous, suggesting that Id2a functions upstream of the extrinsic pathways that regulate retinogenesis. (biologists.com)
  • So, this study was designed to elucidate the function of Stathmin gene in the tumorigenesis and progression of glioblastoma cells. (biomedcentral.com)
  • So, Stathmin affects glioblastoma progression through regulating cell proliferation, cell cycle and cell migration. (biomedcentral.com)
  • While several studies addressed how cell motility parameters change throughout the cell cycle, the relationship between invadopodia and cell cycle progression has not been elucidated. (biorxiv.org)
  • Cell cycle progression is faster in cells in which invadopodia are abolished (by Tks5 knockdown), evidenced by earlier induction of cyclins A and B. A close look at the regulators of G1 revealed that the overexpression of p27 kip1 , but not p21 cip1 , causes faster turnover of invadopodia and increased ECM degradation. (biorxiv.org)
  • Taken together, these findings suggest that invadopodia function is tightly linked to cell cycle progression and is controlled by specific cell cycle regulators. (biorxiv.org)
  • Cell cycle progression is governed by a complex network of cyclin-dependent kinases that define not only the phase of the cell cycle, but also the timing of transitions between phases 13 . (biorxiv.org)
  • Blocking lactate generation in metformin-treated melanoma cells results in diminished cell proliferation and tumor progression in mice. (dcaguide.org)
  • However, whether PKM2 can promote head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) progression and immunosuppression remains unknown. (researchsquare.com)
  • Harness the flexibility of ColorWheel® flow cytometry antibodies and dyes to unlock freedom in your flow cytometry multiplex assay design or multicolor panel design and simplify your multiplex flow cytometry workflows. (sigmaaldrich.com)
  • Uncover tips for multicolor flow cytometry experiments, including the challenges in multicolor flow cytometry, steps for how to build a multicolor flow cytometry panel, tandem dyes, and tools for multicolor assay design. (sigmaaldrich.com)
  • Cell growth assay, cell cycle analysis, FACS, JC-1 staining, annexin V staining and immunoblotting were used to study the efficacy of ST on cancer cells. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Expression levels of Stathmin protein in each group were determined by using Western Blot, and the proliferation and migration ability of the cells with downregulated Stathmin were evaluated through CCK8 assay and transwell invasion assay, respectively. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Statistical Evaluation Cell proliferation DHODH and assay biochemical assay were performed in triplicates.The authors are thankful to Ms. pathway for nucleic acidity synthesis 5. (giknet.org)
  • All samples were analyzed on a Canto 1 (Becton Dickinson) flow cytometer. (cancerrealitycheck.com)
  • Cells included propidium iodide and total DNA articles in cells was examined with FACS Calibur stream cytometer (Becton Dickinson, USA). (giknet.org)
  • Flow cytometry antibodies are used to specifically bind to different cell markers, helping to characterize the cell type and assess any changes in protein expression as part of the experiment. (sigmaaldrich.com)
  • L.T. Bemis, F.J. Geske, and R. Strange, Use of the Yeast Two-Hybrid System for Identifying the Cascade of Protein Interactions Resulting in Apoptotic Cell Death. (nhbs.com)
  • The RAC serine/threonine-protein kinase (AKT) family of serine/threonine protein kinases, particularly the AKT1 isoform, has been identified abnormally expressed in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells, and is highly associated with cell behavior, including proliferation, survival, metabolism, and tumorigenesis. (spandidos-publications.com)
  • Evidence for GO induced autophagy includes increased levels of isoform B-II microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3 (LC3), aggregation of green fluorescence protein-tagged LC3, and increased numbers of autophagic vacuoles in cells. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Dying cells have been defined as apoptotic by distinguishing features, including cell contraction, nuclear fragmentation, blebbing, apoptotic body formation and maintenance of intact cellular membranes to prevent massive protein release and consequent inflammation. (nature.com)
  • ST caused G0/G1 cell cycle arrest which was accompanied by a decrease in CDK4 and cyclin D1, and an increase in p21/Cip1and p27/Kip1 protein levels. (biomedcentral.com)
  • In this presentation, we will review the life cycle of EVs, talk about the critical controls needed for EV experiments, and show data on particle detection sensitivity, cargo protein and RNA, and uptake of EVs by other cells. (selectbiosciences.com)
  • More importantly, we found that IPMK interacted with AMPK and functioned as a positive regulator of AMPK protein in osteosarcoma cells. (ijbs.com)
  • Stathmin as a critical protein involved in microtubule polymerization, is necessary for survival of cancer cells. (biomedcentral.com)
  • According to the results from Western Blotting, Stathmin protein expression level decreased significantly in the U373 and U87-MG cells after transfected with pLV3-si-Stathmin, respectively, compared with those transfected with pLV3-NC. (biomedcentral.com)
  • In glioblastoma cells, the cell proliferation and migration were greatly inhibited after the downregulation of Stathmin protein. (biomedcentral.com)
  • In this study, we found that LIM-only protein 3 (LMO3) is hypomethylated and overexpressed in glioma cells and tissues. (oncotarget.com)
  • TYRO3 or AXL gene knockdown reduced cell proliferation/colony formation. (nature.com)
  • Numerous types of labels can be used to visualize the antibodies for detection in the flow cytometer depending on the experimental design including nucleic acid dyes, cell viability dyes, polymer dyes, quantum dots, small organic molecules, and fluorescent proteins. (sigmaaldrich.com)
  • AKT is a key molecule in the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway, which has been shown to serve notable functions in the regulation of cell viability and to be closely associated with a variety of disorders caused by dysfunctional cellular proliferation ( 8 , 9 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
  • We found that JOA at lower concentration significantly inhibited the proliferation of CML cells expressing mutant BCR-ABL (T315I mutation included) and wild-type BCR-ABL, which was due to that JOA induced the cell differentiation and the cell cycle arrest at G0/G1 phase. (jcancer.org)
  • Mechanistically, the cell differentiation mediated by JOA may be originated from the inhibition of BCR-ABL/c-MYC signaling in CML cells expressing wild-type BCR-ABL and BCR-ABL-T315I. (jcancer.org)
  • JOA displayed the activity of inhibiting the BCR-ABL and promoted differentiation of not only imatinib -sensitive but also imatinib -resistant cells with BCR-ABL mutation, which could become a potent lead compound to overcome the imatinib -resistant induced by inhibitors of BCR-ABL tyrosine kinase in CML therapy. (jcancer.org)
  • BCR-ABL oncogene encodes a BCR-ABL tyrosine kinase (TK), which triggers different downstream targets including c-Myc, STAT5 and CrkL, which participated in the control of cell differentiation, proliferation, migration and other cellular behaviors [ 3 - 5 ]. (jcancer.org)
  • In addition, their osteogenic differentiation potential was increased, and genes involved in cell adhesion, FGF-2 signalling, cell cycle, stemness, cell differentiation, and cell proliferation were upregulated, compared to that of the MSCs cultured on uncoated plates. (hindawi.com)
  • The differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) into multiple cell lineages can be exploited as an attractive strategy for cell-based therapy and regenerative medicine [ 1 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • The ECM provides structural and biochemical support to the cells and has various other functions including cell adhesion, cell to cell communication, and differentiation [ 17 , 18 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • In normal human tissues, hSulf-1 is stably expressed, and it plays important roles in cell proliferation and differentiation [ 1 , 2 ]. (oncotarget.com)
  • Besides, it also participates in cell proliferation, differentiation, regeneration and motion via binding to different proteins [ 3 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • In previously reports , Plasmodium vivax was found to be able to directly inhibited erythroid cell proliferation and differentiation. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Moreover, in vitro cultures of erythroid cells derived from haematopoietic stem cells has demonstrated that P. vivax is able to directly inhibit erythroid cell proliferation and differentiation [ 22 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Each cell or particle is analyzed by visible light scatter or by fluorescence as cells rapidly flow past each laser. (sigmaaldrich.com)
  • Discover how to select flow cytometry dyes with tips for flow cytometry dye selection including matching fluorescence profiles of fluorophores to the configuration of flow cytometers, the factors that can affect fluorophore performance in a multicolor panel, and helpful tools for simple dye selection. (sigmaaldrich.com)
  • Cells were focused with a 1D-sheathing microfluidic device, and fluorescence emission generated from a 488 nm laser was collected by epi-illumination and dispersed along one axis of a CCD by a spectrograph. (ku.edu)
  • Cellular senescence refers to active cells that eventually enter a state of irreversible growth arrest. (hindawi.com)
  • Moreover we found that Cdk2AF/AF cells replicated more DNA during HU arrest than Cdk2+/+ cells as shown by the increased track lengths in HU-treated Cdk2AF/AF cells compared with untreated cells (Fig. 5 and for details on statistical analysis). (cancerrealitycheck.com)
  • For S-phase arrest cells were treated with HU or APH for 16-18 h and released into media containing 40 ng/mL nocodazole. (cancerrealitycheck.com)
  • While exploring the molecular changes associated with strong ST efficacy in breast cancer cells, we observed that ST induced cell cycle arrest as well as cell death. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Overexpression of IRS-1 resulted in inhibition of basal autophagy, and reduced oxidative stress-induced autophagy and cell death. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Our results suggest that overexpression of IRS-1 promotes cells growth, inhibits basal autophagy, reduces oxidative stress-induced autophagy, and diminishes oxidative stress-mediated autophagy-dependent cell death. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Lactate production and the expression of galectin-9, a critical immunosuppression molecule, were detected after PKM2 knockdown and overexpression in HNSCC cells. (researchsquare.com)
  • The present study uses the integration of probabilistic mathematical models and experimental data on MMR − versus MMR + cells to describe the effects of IUdR incorporation upon the cell cycle for the purpose of increasing IUdR-mediated radiosensitivity in MMR − cells. (aacrjournals.org)
  • The second model defines the relation between the percentage of cells in the different cell cycle states and the corresponding IUdR-DNA incorporation at a particular time point. (aacrjournals.org)
  • These models can be combined to predict IUdR-DNA incorporation at any time in the cell cycle. (aacrjournals.org)
  • The incorporation of a flow cytometer and a cell sorter also reduces the cost associated with recurrent use of the main flow cytometry facility on campus. (utsouthwestern.edu)
  • The flow cytometer is equipped with multiple lasers for analysis of multi-fluorescent labelled cell populations and acoustical focusing for improved cell separations. (utsouthwestern.edu)
  • Flow cytometry is a technology that uses single or multiple lasers to provide a multi-parametric analysis of single cells. (sigmaaldrich.com)
  • Need tips on how to improve your flow cytometry analysis? (sigmaaldrich.com)
  • View ColorWheel® protocol steps for flow cytometry analysis when using ColorWheel® antibodies with ColorWheel® dyes including antibody preparation, PBMC sample preparation, cell surface staining, and intracellular (cytoplasmic) staining. (sigmaaldrich.com)
  • Performing flow cytometry analysis involves using various flow cytometry antibodies and labels. (sigmaaldrich.com)
  • Common molecular biology applications include analysis of recombinantly expressed fluorescent proteins that have induced expression in various cell types to elucidate gene function or for in vivo cell tracking. (sigmaaldrich.com)
  • Lymphocyte cell-cycle analysis by flow cytometry. (rupress.org)
  • Prior basic working knowledge of flow cytometry, data acquisition or analysis software (DIVA + FlowJo) is of advantage, but not strictly a must. (embl.org)
  • 3. White Blood Cell Analysis a. (aarkstore.com)
  • We identified 231 proteins released from actomyosin contraction-dependent blebs and apoptotic bodies by adapted SILAC (stable isotope labeling with amino acids in cell culture) combined with mass spectrometry analysis. (nature.com)
  • For cell cycle analysis cells were trypsinized and fixed in 70% (vol/vol) ethanol at 4 °C overnight. (cancerrealitycheck.com)
  • A multivariate factor analysis indicated that high levels of MIF and CCL25 were associated with high proportions of MAIT cells in intervillous blood. (frontiersin.org)
  • Flow cytometric analysis The cell cycle was analyzed using flow cytometry of PI stained cells. (alk-inhibitors.com)
  • Western blot analysis Cellular lysates were prepared by suspending 1 106 cells in a lysis buffer at 4oC for 30 min. (alk-inhibitors.com)
  • After incubation for 40 min at 37oC, samples were loaded onto 1 agarose gel and subjected to electrophoresis for 1 h at 100 V. Immunofluorescence analysis Cells were fixed in PIPES buffer containing 2 paraformaldehyde and 0.1 glutaraldehyde for 10 min at room temperature. (alk-inhibitors.com)
  • This study describes the first comparative phosphoproteome analysis of growing erythroid cells (gECs), derived from human haematopoietic stem cells, exposed to lysates of infected erythrocytes (IE)/uninfected erythrocytes (UE) for 24, 48 and 72 h. (biomedcentral.com)
  • In MDA-MB-231 cells, ST caused a significant dose-dependent cell growth inhibition by 31- 63% (p ≤ 0.0001) in 48 h and 40-50% (p ≤ 0.0001) in 72 h. (biomedcentral.com)
  • We studied whether cellular senescence induced by HDAC inhibitor sodium butyrate in E1a+cHa-Ras -transformed rat embryo fibroblasts (ERas) and A549 human Ki-Ras mutated lung adenocarcinoma cells would enhance the tumor suppressor effect of MEK/ERK inhibition. (aging-us.com)
  • Senescent ERas cells do not develop cytoprotective autophagy upon inhibition of MEK/ERK pathway due to spatial dissociation of lysosomes and autophagosomes in the senescent cells. (aging-us.com)
  • Altered metabolism of cancer cell can be associated with mitochondrial dysfunction which involves inhibition of OXPHOS, increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS) and promoting uncontrolled growth, that in turn further supports the development of a metastatic phenotype [ 13 , 14 ]. (dcaguide.org)
  • Most of the reports suggest that complex I activity is suppressed in cancer cells and its inhibition promotes proliferation and metastasis [ 16 - 18 ] . (dcaguide.org)
  • Inhibition of the enzyme qualified prospects to extreme reductions in mobile pyrimidine pools and finally leads to the failing of cells to proliferate 9. (giknet.org)
  • From DHODH inhibition Apart, LFM, at higher dosages can be recognized to inhibit tyrosine kinases in charge of T and B cell signaling 14. (giknet.org)
  • Previously studies revealed how the inhibition of proliferation of some tumor cells such as for example melanoma 17, neuroblastoma 18, breasts and glioblastoma tumor 19-21 was effective through LFM. (giknet.org)
  • However, MSCs need to be expanded in vitro in order to obtain sufficient cells for clinical trials since they are extremely rare in various tissues. (hindawi.com)
  • Unlike embryonic stem cells, adult stem cells (MSCs) have a limited lifespan and stop proliferating during in vitro culture due to replicative senescence [ 8 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • We investigated the effects of various concentrations of Tan IIA (5-10 μ g/mL) on mouse keratinocytes and human HaCat cells in vitro to confirm this hypothesis. (hindawi.com)
  • These results suggest prominent in vitro anti-proliferative and pro-apoptotic effects of ST in MDA-MB-231 cells. (biomedcentral.com)
  • This study explores the use of a simple human neurosphere-based in vitro model to characterise the pharmacological and toxicological effects of LiCl and VPA using gene expression changes linked to phenotypic alterations in cells. (plos.org)
  • Human embryonic stem cells (hESc) can also be used to analyze the in vitro development from undifferentiated pluripotent cells leading to terminally differentiated cell types, recapitulating the process of early embryonic development [5] . (plos.org)
  • Flow cytometry is a powerful technology that is commonly used in molecular and cellular biology research applications, including immunology, cancer biology, and disease research. (sigmaaldrich.com)
  • 1 Section of Molecular Cell and Developmental Biology, Institute for Cell and Molecular Biology, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78722, USA. (biologists.com)
  • She acquired her PhD focused in Cell and Molecular Biology from the Medical University of South Carolina. (selectbiosciences.com)
  • Escape from immune control must be important in the natural course of B-cell lymphomas, especially for those with activation of NF-κB. (springer.com)
  • As reviewed recently, various publications have indicated that disruption of immune checkpoints is also a critical step in B-cell non-Hodgkin's Lymphomas (NHL) [ 3 ]. (springer.com)
  • Here, we wanted to explore the putative interest of PD-L1 immune therapy against B-cell lymphoma with NF-κB activation. (springer.com)
  • Spleen from mice were collected and immune cells were filtered through a sterile nylon membrane. (springer.com)
  • Cell surface sensors on immune cells that ordinarily recognize pathogen-associated molecular patterns produced by infectious agents may also interact with DAMPs, leading to the activation of signaling pathways resulting in a nonpathogen-induced 'sterile' inflammatory response. (nature.com)
  • Immune cell responses induced by DAMPs may include cytokine and chemokine release to activate inflammatory cells such as neutrophils and macrophages. (nature.com)
  • Little is known about the maternal immune cells at this site, which are in direct contact with fetal tissues. (frontiersin.org)
  • However, our recent findings showed that mucosal-associated invariant T (MAIT) cells and effector memory (EM) T cells are enriched in the IVB of term placentas ( 4 ), indicating that certain immune cell subsets are recruited to or retained in the intervillous space. (frontiersin.org)
  • The potential factors involved in the migration of maternal immune cells to the placenta is still unexplored. (frontiersin.org)
  • We also tested a wide range of human immune cells for productive infection with SARS-CoV-2. (cdc.gov)
  • In addition, we studied the replication kinetics of SARS-CoV-2/SB3-TYAGNC in human fibroblast, epithelial, and immune cells. (cdc.gov)
  • The Cell Phenotyping arm of this module is designed to provide technical expertise and assistance with ongoing cell phenotyping experiments. (utsouthwestern.edu)
  • The cell sorter has 4 lasers providing flexibility for experiments with up to 6 colors and with multiple sort collection formats. (utsouthwestern.edu)
  • Check out this flow cytometry troubleshooting guide with possible causes and solutions for most common problems encountered during flow cytometry experiments, including a loss or lack of signal, high background, decreasing acquisition rates, and more. (sigmaaldrich.com)
  • Through a combination of theoretical instruction and hands-on training, students will gain the knowledge and skills necessary to effectively design, execute, and interpret flow cytometry experiments. (embl.org)
  • njoyed the course a lot and learned what I was looking for: an opportunity to learn the principles of flow cytometry that are important for planning and performing experiments. (embl.org)
  • Numerous fields of study use flow cytometry and often analyze multiple parameters within diverse populations of cells. (sigmaaldrich.com)
  • P.J. Fraker, L.E. King, D. Lill-Elghanian, and W.G. Telford, Quantification of Apoptotic Events in Pure and Heterogeneous Populations of Cells using the Flow Cytometer. (nhbs.com)
  • The extracellular matrix (ECM) provides structural and biochemical support to the surrounding cells, and it has been used as a coating substrate for cell culture. (hindawi.com)
  • hSulf-1 reduces the sulfation of heparan sulfate proteoglycans (HSPGs) in the extracellular matrix and inhibits binding between various cell growth factors and their receptors. (oncotarget.com)
  • Macroautophagy (hereafter referred to as autophagy) plays an important role in cancer cells survival upon various conditions of intra- and extracellular stress. (aging-us.com)
  • Representative PDAC cells were exposed to various biologically relevant periods of extracellular acidity. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Our study offers a novel mechanism of early rapid response and late reversible adaptation of PDAC cells to the stress of extracellular acidosis. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The elevated glucose consumption-coupled with increased excretion of lactate and protons from glycolytic cells to the poorly perfused extracellular spaces-leads to an acidification of the tumor microenvironment [ 7 , 8 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Although still not fully understood, an acidic microenvironment with an inverted pH gradient of extracellular pH (pH e ) lower than intracellular pH (pH i ) appears to impose selective pressures whereby tumor cells must adapt or die [ 10 , 11 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Metastasis is a complex, multi-step process that is initiated when cancer cells in the primary tumor acquire invasive properties, including motility and the ability to breakdown the extracellular matrix (ECM) 1 , and is responsible for the majority of cancer-related mortalities 2 . (biorxiv.org)
  • Overall, hSulf-1 function in melanoma cells provides an ideal molecular treatment target. (oncotarget.com)
  • It has been reported that melanoma cells, owing to the BRAF mutation, depend majorly on glycolysis for ATP generation, and exhibit dysfunctional oxidative phosphorylation [6, 7 ] . (dcaguide.org)
  • Conversely, it has also been reported that melanoma cells display increased OXPHOS function which causes drug resistance [ 19 - 21 ] . (dcaguide.org)
  • Owing to the metabolic flexibility in choosing various metabolic pathways, particularly glutamine metabolism [22] , melanoma cells can escape from perturbation of a molecule in a metabolic pathway [23] . (dcaguide.org)
  • DHODH inhibitors decrease tumor cell proliferation A771726 continues to be reported to inhibit the proliferation of myeloma and melanoma cells 17, 24, 25. (giknet.org)
  • TDI-SFC combines the high spectral resolution of spectral flow cytometry (SFC) with a CCD operated in time-delayed integration (TDI) for improved duty cycle and sensitivity. (ku.edu)
  • The B-ALL cell line was stained against a leukemic marker (terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase, TdT), and we successfully used spectral unmixing to discriminate TdT(+) cells from TdT(−) cells even at low cell counts (∼100 cells). (ku.edu)
  • Having identified a specific subpopulation using an analytical cytometer, flow cell sorting allows physical separation of the particle or cells of interest with high purity from a heterogeneous cell population for further study. (ox.ac.uk)
  • The Kennedy flow facility is located on the first floor in room 20.22 (the analyser room) and room 20.26 (the sorting room). (ox.ac.uk)
  • The facility provides investigators with instruments and support for cell sorting and acquisition. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Cell Death provides a current and comprehensive collection of methods for the study of cell death. (nhbs.com)
  • J.F.R. Kerr, G.C. Gobe, C.M. Winterford, and B.V. Harmon, Anatomical Methods in Cell Death. (nhbs.com)
  • Stathmin downregulation affected the biological behaviors of U373 and U87-MG glioblastoma cells, inhibiting the proliferation and migration of tumor cells. (biomedcentral.com)
  • In the present study, we demonstrated that downregulation of Stathmin expression inhibited the cell proliferation, cell migration and tumor formation in nude mice of U373 and U87-MG glioblastoma cells. (biomedcentral.com)
  • We previously demonstrated that invasive cells oscillate between two distinct states, termed the Invadopodia state and the Migration state 10 . (biorxiv.org)
  • The Invadopodia state is characterized by cell stasis and the presence of invadopodia, whereas the Migration state is defined by cell translocation and the absence of invadopodia. (biorxiv.org)
  • We used fluorescent beads to optimize synchronization of TDI clocking with the sheathed-cell velocity and to improve sensitivity via the excitation intensity, epi-illumination numerical aperture, and integration time. (ku.edu)
  • Down-regulation of EIF5B also increased the sensitivity of HCC cells to 5-fluorouracil (5-FU). (techscience.com)
  • Amnis flow cytometers leverage the superior photonic sensitivity provided by time delay integration charge coupled device (TDI CCD) cameras. (selectbiosciences.com)
  • In this study, using invadopodia- and cell cycle- fluorescent markers, we show in 2D and 3D cell cultures, as well as in vivo , that breast carcinoma cells assemble invadopodia and invade into the surrounding ECM preferentially during the G1 phase of the cell cycle. (biorxiv.org)
  • It can tell us about physical characteristics such as cells' relative size, granularity or internal complexity and any cell component or function that can be detected by a fluorescent compound. (ox.ac.uk)
  • This expression was dependent on activation of either NF-κB, JAK1/JAK2 or BTK pathways since these pathways were activated in tumor B-cells and ex vivo treatment with the inhibitory molecules PHA-408, ruxolitinib and ibrutinib led to decrease of its expression. (springer.com)
  • The techniques described facilitate both understanding and regulation of cell death, promising to have immense value in the clinical treatment of cancer. (nhbs.com)
  • Furthermore, the data of the present study indicated that B‑cell lymphoma 2 and cyclin D1 is involved in the regulation of AKT1 expression. (spandidos-publications.com)
  • Down-regulation of EIF5B significantly decreased proliferation and invasiveness of the HCC cells. (techscience.com)
  • [8] Nonetheless, whether paeonol participates in the regulation of A549 cell (human non-small cell lung cancer cell) proliferation through other signaling pathways remains to be elucidated. (cjphysiology.org)
  • The time effects of acidic pH e stress were determined with respect to tumor cell proliferation, phenotypic regulation, autophagic control, metabolic plasticity, mitochondrial network dynamics, and metastatic potentials. (biomedcentral.com)
  • In this study, a phosphoproteomic approach was performed to dissect the molecular mechanism of phosphoprotein regulation, which is involved in the inhibitory effect of parasites on erythroid cell development. (biomedcentral.com)
  • This result suggests that phospho-ezrin is important for actin cytoskeleton regulation during erythroid cell growth and division. (biomedcentral.com)
  • These findings suggest that parasite proteins are able to inhibit erythroid cell growth by down-regulation of ezrin phosphorylation, leading to ineffective erythropoiesis ultimately resulting in severe malarial anaemia. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The regulation of complex and dynamic signal transduction proteins contributes to the destination of targeting proteins and the signal transduction of cell growth, and exposure to parasites can also influence signaling pathways. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) represents a major malignancy with poor clinical outcomes. (researchsquare.com)
  • Cellular senescence, which is morphologically characterized by an enlarged and flattened cell shape, was first described by Hayflick [ 9 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • The term "oncotarget" encompasses all molecules, pathways, cellular functions, cell types, and even tissues that can be viewed as targets relevant to cancer as well as other diseases. (oncotarget.com)
  • Treatment of control ERas cells with PD0325901 for 24 h results in mitochondria damage and apoptotic death of a part of cellular population. (aging-us.com)
  • Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a dynamic process involved in cancer metastasis wherein cancer cells with epithelial characteristics acquire mesenchymal characteristics such as increased motility, invasion, and survival [ 6 ]. (techscience.com)
  • Tumor cell invasion and metastasis require cancer cells to be both proliferative and invasive, i.e. migrate through the tissue and assemble invadopodia. (biorxiv.org)
  • Previous studies in our laboratory have described increased and preferential radiosensitization of mismatch repair-deficient (MMR − ) HCT116 colon cancer cells with 5-iododeoxyuridine (IUdR). (aacrjournals.org)
  • Equipment in this laboratory includes an Attune NxT Flow Cytometer from Life Technologies and a Sony SH800 Cell Sorter. (utsouthwestern.edu)
  • In most cancer cell lines and tumor tissues, hSulf-1 expression levels are markedly decreased. (oncotarget.com)
  • In the present study, we investigated the expression profile and prognostic potential of EIF5B in HCC tissues and cell lines. (techscience.com)
  • 10 9 apoptotic events occurring per day in human adult tissues, it is surprisingly difficult to histologically detect apoptotic cells due to the rapid recognition and clearance of apoptotic cells. (nature.com)
  • Together, these findings indicate that term placental tissues attract MAIT cells, and that this effect is at least partly mediated by MIF. (frontiersin.org)
  • In the glioma cells, EIF5B promotes cell survival by enhancing the translation of several IRES-containing mRNAs including those encoding anti-apoptotic proteins such as XIAP and Bcl-xL [ 4 ]. (techscience.com)
  • The TDI-SFC could potentially be used in any application requiring the immunophenotyping of low-abundance cells, such as in monitoring measurable residual disease in acute leukemias following affinity enrichment of circulating leukemia cells from peripheral blood. (ku.edu)
  • We have characterized the T cell composition and chemokine profile in paired intervillous and peripheral blood samples from healthy mothers giving birth following term pregnancies. (frontiersin.org)
  • Mucosal-associated invariant T (MAIT) cells and effector memory (EM) T cells were enriched in the intervillous blood compared to peripheral blood, suggesting that MAIT cells and other EM T cells home to the placenta during pregnancy. (frontiersin.org)
  • Furthermore, pregnant women had lower proportions of peripheral blood MAIT cells compared to non-pregnant women. (frontiersin.org)
  • The intervillous blood (IVB) is exchanged 2-3 times per minute ( 1 ), suggesting that the cell composition in IVB may reflect that of peripheral blood (PB). (frontiersin.org)
  • Particularly affected was ezrin (phosphorylated at Thr567), which is normally localized to gEC cell extension peripheral processes. (biomedcentral.com)
  • We confirm that human primary peripheral blood mononuclear cells are not permissive for SARS-CoV-2. (cdc.gov)
  • These results indicated the central function of paeonol in regulating A549 cell glycolytic reprogramming and proliferation via m6A modification of ACADM. (cjphysiology.org)
  • In the HCC cells, activation of the NF-kappa B signaling pathway and IkB phosphorylation was significantly reduced by EIF5B silencing. (techscience.com)
  • We conclude that Cdk2 inhibitory phosphorylation is required for normal replication dynamics in asynchronous and arrested cells. (cancerrealitycheck.com)
  • Like other solid tumors, PDAC adopts fermentative glycolysis as an additional metabolic mechanism to compensate for the impaired oxidative phosphorylation to support cell survival and proliferation [ 5 , 6 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Cancer cells have metabolic flexibility in choosing either oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) or glycolysis for ATP generation depending upon the nutrient availability in tumor microenvironment. (dcaguide.org)
  • Many molecular pathways in eukaryotic cells are modulated by specific signaling proteins that are controlled, by phosphorylation and dephosphorylation, through the activity of kinase and phosphatase enzymes. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Here, we evaluated the efficacy of ST on three different human cancer cell lines including skin epidermoid carcinoma A431 cells, lung epithelial carcinoma A549 cells and breast adenocarcinoma MDA-MB-231. (biomedcentral.com)
  • In addition to maintenance of membrane integrity, apoptotic cells can be discriminated from viable counterparts based on several morphological hallmarks, including cell contraction, nuclear condensation and fragmentation, and actomyosin contraction-dependent membrane blebbing and apoptotic body formation. (nature.com)
  • This proteins is considered to become of great curiosity to the technological community since it is among the essential enzymes in sustaining the proliferation of changed cells and a possibly good focus on for cancers chemotherapy. (giknet.org)
  • The purpose of the present study was to reveal the effects of AKT1 on the survival and proliferation of HCC cells, and to investigate the mechanisms involved. (spandidos-publications.com)
  • Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is a clonal expansion of the progenitor hematopoietic stem cells arising from the existence of the fusion BCR-ABL oncogene, that represents 15%-20% of the newly diagnosed cases of leukemia patients [ 1 - 2 ]. (jcancer.org)
  • Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) possess great therapeutic potential. (hindawi.com)
  • A subset of cancer cells undergoing EMT acquire characteristics of stem cells and are designated as cancer stem cells (CSCs) [ 8 ]. (techscience.com)
  • While human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) provide novel prospects for disease-modeling, the high phenotypic variability seen across different lines demands usage of large hiPSC cohorts to decipher the impact of individual genetic variants. (frontiersin.org)
  • The advent of the human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) technology offers unprecedented opportunities for disease modeling, personalized medicine, and the development of new therapeutic interventions. (frontiersin.org)
  • Whilst LiCl exposure did not significantly alter the proportion of cells expressing markers for stem cells/undifferentiated cells (Oct4, SSEA4), neurons (Neurofilament M), astrocytes (GFAP) or cell cycle phase, the drug caused a 1.4-fold increase in total cell number. (plos.org)
  • Of particular interest is their contribution to Developmental Neurotoxicity (DNT) as well as their potential impact on stem cells. (plos.org)
  • The red arrows indicate the laminar flow, which is a uniformed flow that runs in parallel sheaths. (cheekyscientist.com)
  • This Module component contains an Agilent Seahorse XFp live cell metabolic analyzer. (utsouthwestern.edu)
  • Cancer cells produce greater levels of ROS than normal cells do because of increased metabolic stresses. (biomedcentral.com)
  • [9] , [10] The main metabolic process of cancer cells is the transformation of glucose into lactic acid in the presence of oxygen. (cjphysiology.org)
  • Rather, PDAC cells use a distinct and lengthy process of reversible adaptive plasticity centered on the early fast and later slow mitochondrial network dynamics and metabolic adjustment. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Furthermore, EIF5B knockdown suppressed epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and the cancer stem cell (CSC) phenotype. (techscience.com)
  • Knockdown of autophagy-related gene 5 inhibited basal autophagy and diminished oxidative stress-induced autophagy and cell death. (biomedcentral.com)
  • However, excessive production of ROS kills cancer cells. (biomedcentral.com)
  • It is not fully understood how cancer cells grow rapidly and survive in the presence of high ROS levels. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Furthermore, cancer cells undergoing EMT phenotypic changes also acquire drug resistance [ 7 ]. (techscience.com)
  • Paeonol, as a traditional Chinese medicine, plays a critical role in multiple cancer cell proliferation and inflammation. (cjphysiology.org)
  • Here, we investigated whether paeonol regulates the proliferation and glycolytic reprogramming via ACADM with m6A modification in A549 cells (human non-small cell lung cancer cells). (cjphysiology.org)
  • Glycolytic reprogramming, known as the "Warburg effect," is the leading factor in the proliferation of cancer cells. (cjphysiology.org)
  • This study provides valuable insight into the chemopreventive efficacy and associated molecular alterations of ST in breast cancer cells whereas it had only moderate efficacy on lung cancer cells and did not show any considerable effect on skin cancer cells. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Cancer cells exploit a variety of protective mechanisms that allow them to acquire selective advantage and proliferate under unfavorable conditions. (aging-us.com)
  • Despite a large number of promising inhibitors for Ras/Raf/MEK/ERK pathway, recent works show that cancer cells often develop an autophagy-dependent resistance to inhibitors of Ras pathway [ 16 ]. (aging-us.com)
  • One of the mechanisms of high basal autophagy activity in cancer Ras-expressing cells might be associated with high PP2A phosphatase activity targeting directly ULK1-Ser757 that could explain apparent contradiction: maintenance of high mTORC1 functions and high autophagic activity simultaneously [ 22 ]. (aging-us.com)
  • Genomic instability caused by mutation of the checkpoint molecule TP53 may endow cancer cells with the ability to undergo genomic evolution to survive stress and treatment. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Ovarian cancer cell DNA ploidy was determined using Feulgen-stained smears or flow cytometry. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Invadopodia are cancer cell protrusions rich in structural proteins (e.g. (biorxiv.org)
  • Deregulated cell cycle is a hallmark of cancer 12 . (biorxiv.org)
  • Cancer cells derive ATP, biosynthetic intermediates, and reducing equivalents by unusually engaging in biochemical pathways such as glycolysis, glutaminolysis, and the pentose phosphate pathway [5] . (dcaguide.org)
  • In addition, BQR was found out effective against cancer of the colon cells also. (giknet.org)
  • Although many cells satisfy their requirements for nucleotides by reutilizing current types through the salvage pathway, turned on T cells and various other quickly proliferating cells, specifically cancer tumor cells are extremely reliant on nucleotide synthesis 6, 7. (giknet.org)
  • It can reduce the sulfation of cell surface heparan sulfate proteoglycan (HSPG) and inhibit various growth factor receptor-mediated signaling pathways. (oncotarget.com)
  • Treatment of LMP1/CD40-expressing lymphomatous mice with an anti-PD-L1 monoclonal antibody induced tumor regression with decreased spleen content, activation and proliferation rate of B-cells as well as a marked increase in T-cell activation, as assessed by CD62L and CD44 expression. (springer.com)
  • If you're on an analyzer, then after the cells pass the laser intercept, they will go into either the waste or the sort chamber where the stream is charged, droplets are generated, and cells are sorted. (cheekyscientist.com)
  • The lentiviral interference vector pLV3-si-Stathmin targeting Stathmin gene and the control vector pLV3-NC were established for the co-transfection of 293T cells together with the helper plasmids. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Flow cytometry showed that much more cells were arrested in G2/M phasein Stathmin downregulated group, compared with the non-transfection group and NC group. (biomedcentral.com)
  • 1 day to transfection of plasmid shRNA build prior, 0.15 x 106 per well A375 cells were seeded inside a 6-well tissue culture dish. (giknet.org)
  • The lipofectamine/DNA complexes had been taken out 5 hours after transfection and clean medium was put into the cells. (giknet.org)
  • To create transfected cells stably, 100 g/ml Hygromycin was put into the mass media 48 hours after transfection to choose for clones filled with put. (giknet.org)
  • According to recent data, Ras-transformed cells require autophagy to survive and maintain malignant phenotype [ 5 - 10 ]. (aging-us.com)
  • A more malignant state with increased migratory and invasive potentials in long-term acidosis-adapted PDAC cells was obtained with key regulatory molecules being closely related to overall patient survival. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Our results caution that this coordination between invasion and cell cycle must be considered when designing effective chemotherapies. (biorxiv.org)
  • A live gate is a term used for a process that prevents the acquisition by the computer of non-selected data from the flow cytometer. (wikipedia.org)
  • Our data show that suppression of MEK/ERK pathway in senescent cells provides a new strategy for elimination of Ras-expressing cells. (aging-us.com)
  • Fluidics will be managed in order get interactions at the proper flow rate, ensuring that your data keep a tight CV. (cheekyscientist.com)
  • In addition, in order to phenotypically anchor the gene expression data, changes in the heterogeneity of cell subtype populations and cell cycle phase were monitored using flow cytometry. (plos.org)
  • Data were analyzed using Cell Quest software and 10,000 events were analyzed for each sample. (alk-inhibitors.com)
  • The TAM receptor and ligand expression was evaluated in LMS cell lines and 358 sarcoma samples by either gene expression or immunohistochemistry. (nature.com)
  • Because of breakthroughs such as the "switching" mechanism of the p53 tumor suppressor gene, as well as many technical innovations, the number of investigators of cell death has rapidly expanded over the last few years. (nhbs.com)
  • We also showed that the m6A reader YTH domain containing 1 plays an important role in m6A-modified ACADM expression, which is negatively regulated by paeonol, and is involved in A549 cell proliferation and glycolytic reprogramming. (cjphysiology.org)
  • [7] Notably, a recent study also illustrated that the proliferation and motility of A549 cells can be suppressed by paeonol by disrupting signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3)/nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) subunit signaling. (cjphysiology.org)
  • Whereas similar ST treatments moderately inhibited the growth of A549 cells by up to 13% (p ≤ 0.05) in 48 h and 14% (p ≤ 0.05-0.0001) in 72 h. (biomedcentral.com)