Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and EquipmentPhenomena and Processes
Flocculation TestsFlocculation
CoagulationEfficiency of flocculation or precipitationActivated sludgeSedimentationHighest flocculationAntigenBentonitePrecipitationVDRLScreen for syphilisSedimentSelectiveSyphilisAntibodyTurbidityBacteriaAgglutination tests1994InvestigateSerologic testsProcessConsistsEffluentSensitivityPolymerResultsColloidsConcentrationsFasterBiologicalAcidTemperatureProcessesSerologySerumOccursReactiveWaterMethodWastewaterMethodsContrastAbilityInfectionAnalysisFactorConcentrationUnitMeasuresFreeMixtureRoutineBatchValuesClinicalPresent
Coagulation7
  • The conditions of urban rivers that flow though the city of São Paulo, which were already undergoing major transformations, particularly due to intense urbanization, have deteriorated further due to the precariousness of basic sanitation and increasing environmental pollution.This study focused on an analysis of the efficiency of PGα21Ca, a water purification product, in the treatment of Pinheiros River water, based on coagulation-flocculation and sedimentation tests. (scielo.br)
  • The main processes in conventional treatments are coagulation and flocculation. (scielo.br)
  • Following aeration, samples were jar-tested to simulate coagulation/ballasted flocculation/settling. (wwdmag.com)
  • A jar test showed that pharmaceuticals were hardly removed from sewage with coagulation/flocculation. (tudelft.nl)
  • Overall results of current work showed that pharmaceuticals hardly sorb to colloids and herewith the absence of removal of pharmaceuticals during coagulation/flocculation is explained. (tudelft.nl)
  • Based on the result of this paper, it can be concluded that the best alternative process and operation coagulation-flocculation in steam power plant pre-treatment water system based on the acquisition of decision models for two different methods was the first alternative for D60W30P80 and the second alternative for D40W20P80. (caesarvery.com)
  • Physical-chemical treatment in aqueous settling basin is a treatment of reduction in sludge content carried by feed water and is known as the coagulation-flocculation system. (caesarvery.com)
Efficiency of flocculation or precipitation2
  • They test the efficiency of flocculation or precipitation reagents on a small scale. (coleparmer.ca)
  • Flocculation Testers (also known as Jar Testers) are designed for a range of applications - such as testing the efficiency of flocculation or precipitation agents. (thomassci.com)
Activated sludge1
  • Tests were conducted at activated sludge plants. (wwdmag.com)
Sedimentation2
Highest flocculation2
  • Consortium of B. infantis and B. cereus found to have the highest flocculation activity followed by single species of B. infantis and N. aquimarinus which were 94.3, 92.9 and 90.6%, respectively. (scialert.net)
  • Candida sphaerica, Candida famata and Kloeckeraapiculata displayed the highest flocculation ability while only Candida famata and Candida pelliculosa survived 15% ethanol concentration. (journaltocs.ac.uk)
Antigen2
  • V.D.R.L. Slide Test Antigen" and "Flocculation Antigen" from the New York City laboratories, ca 1950s-1960s. (si.edu)
  • In the test, the RPR antigen is mixed with unheated or heated serum or with unheated plasma on a plastic-coated card. (cdc.gov)
Bentonite5
  • Use of the bentonite flocculation test for the diagnosis of schistosomiasis. (cdc.gov)
  • A comparison is made of tests for thyroglobulin antibody, using gel diffusion, electroprecipitin, bentonite flocculation, tanned red cell agglutination, and latex slide agglutination techniques on sera from cases of Hashimoto's disease and other thyroid disorders. (bmj.com)
  • The gel diffusion and electroprecipitin tests are shown to be comparable in their sensitivity, as are the bentonite flocculation and tanned red cell agglutination tests. (bmj.com)
  • Serum obtained March 9 tested positive for Trichinella antibody by bentonite flocculation (1:160) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) (3.707) at CDC. (cdc.gov)
  • Small-scale laboratory tests, using an in-line mixer, were conducted to investigate the effect of variation in reynolds number on the dewaterability of a bentonite slurry. (cdc.gov)
Precipitation1
  • Porges-Meier reaction is a precipitation test used in the diagnosis of syphilis. (wikipedia.org)
VDRL3
  • The Venereal Disease Research Laboratory (VDRL) slide test is used to screen for syphilis. (si.edu)
  • Neurosyphilis, quite directly, is defined as a CSF WBC count of 20 cells/µL or greater or a reactive CSF Venereal Disease Research Laboratory (VDRL) test result. (medscape.com)
  • VDRL is a screening test for treponemal infection. (sgh.com.sg)
Screen for syphilis1
  • The Rapid plasma reagin (RPR) 18-mm circle card test is a macroscopic, nontreponemal flocculation card test used to screen for syphilis. (cdc.gov)
Sediment2
  • Flocculation between inorganic sediment, salt ions and microscopic organic matter present in the marine environment might play an important role in the dynamics of turbidity currents. (tudelft.nl)
  • Samples of sediment or other solid material collected for extraction and subsequent testing of the elutriate should also be tested as soon as possible. (canada.ca)
Selective2
  • In addition to the flotation tests, a selective barite flocculation process was developed to treat extremely fine barite. (cdc.gov)
  • A barite concentrate containing 96.5 percent BaSO4 with an attendant recovery of 82.1 percent of the barite was produced by selective flocculation. (cdc.gov)
Syphilis6
  • It is an early flocculation test for syphilis. (wikipedia.org)
  • A new laboratory was dedicated to test for syphilis and gonorrhea, and staff hung educational signs in public bathrooms and placed informative notices in newspapers. (si.edu)
  • NHANES offers a unique opportunity to estimate the prevalence of reactive serologic tests as an estimate of the prevalence of syphilis infections in the general population, to identify and confirm risk factors for syphilis, to confirm the risk for HIV infection and HIV-related neurologic disease among Americans with syphilis, and to monitor trends in prevalence as syphilis detection and treatment programs are established and expanded. (cdc.gov)
  • Currently, CDC recommends that the test be used in the clinical laboratory as a confirmatory test for the diagnosis of syphilis. (cdc.gov)
  • Without some other evidence for the diagnosis of syphilis, a reactive nontreponemal test does not confirm T. pallidum infection. (cdc.gov)
  • The Serodia TP-PA test is a treponemal test for the serologic detection of antibodies to the various species and subspecies of pathogenic Treponema , the causative agents of syphilis, yaws, pinta, bejel, and endemic syphilis. (cdc.gov)
Antibody1
  • Serologic tests showed that 4/64 infants born with congenital malforma- tions (6%) had positive IgM antibody titres for Toxoplasma gondii (2 cases), rubella virus (1 case) and cytomegalovirus (1 case). (who.int)
Turbidity4
  • The purpose of our study was to investigate whether an increase in thymol turbidity test (TTT) values is involved in the development of cyclops nodule formation or cyclopoid scar formation following ACL reconstruction. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The ability to predict, understand, and potentially leverage the effect of flocculation on turbidity currents will help to minimize the impact of human interventions such as dredging, trenching, and deep-sea mining. (tudelft.nl)
  • To better characterize the effect of flocculation on the benthic turbidity currents generated by these activities, a series of laboratory experiments were performed. (tudelft.nl)
  • Results also showed that in three out of four field tests, in-line mixing produced better solid-liquid separation than conventional tank mixing and that peo produced water with low turbidity. (cdc.gov)
Bacteria3
  • This study was aimed to test and applied bioflocculant-producing bacteria isolated from biofloc for flocculation process potentially used as inoculum for rapid formation of biofloc. (scialert.net)
  • The most consortium that has more than 80% flocculation activity derived from consortiums of single and combination of two bioflocculant-producing bacteria species. (scialert.net)
  • In this study, each consortium of bioflocculant-producing bacteria produced different types of extracellular polymeric substances thus affecting ability in flocculation activity test. (scialert.net)
Agglutination tests1
19941
  • Extraction procedures followed by testing should begin within two weeks of sampling (preferably within one week), and testing must start no later than six weeks after collection (EC, 1994). (canada.ca)
Investigate1
  • To investigate the discrepancy between reported colloidal sorption and the lack of removal when removing colloids, we tested a commonly applied experimental setup for determining the colloidal sorption of pharmaceuticals. (tudelft.nl)
Serologic tests1
  • No serologic tests are specific for malabsorption. (medscape.com)
Process3
  • The proposed jar-test technique was performed using process and operation variables that potentially affect the performance of coagulant-coagulan aid such as the % dosage, residence time and agitator cycle. (caesarvery.com)
  • Whether polyaluminum chloride used earlier or later depends on the flocculation test and the treatment process. (water-treatmentchemical.com)
  • A concept for the fibre flocculation process in turbulent flow is presented including both rupture and aggregation of fibre flocs. (ncsu.edu)
Consists1
  • The standard IPC clarifier consists of a flash mix/flocculation chamber, the specially designed honeycomb plate pack and the coned thickener underneath. (leaucon.com)
Effluent2
  • Most tests with effluent, leachate, or elutriate will be performed "off-site" in a controlled laboratory facility. (canada.ca)
  • An aliquot of effluent or leachate required at that time may be adjusted immediately or overnight to the test temperature and used in the test. (canada.ca)
Sensitivity1
  • The former is a seven-day fermentation method done in EBC tubes at 9 °C, while the latter is a two-day fermentation done in 50 mL graduated cylinders at 25 °C. SMA yeast was used for all tests done in this study due to its sensitivity to prematurely flock. (mbaa.com)
Polymer1
  • These tests showed that lower polymer dosages were required with polyethylene oxide (peo) than with photofloc 1027 and that the peo-treated slurries can withstand more shear than those treated with photofloc 1027. (cdc.gov)
Results4
  • If the 72-hour fecal fat collection results demonstrate fat malabsorption, the D-xylose test is used to document the integrity of the intestinal mucosa. (medscape.com)
  • Side-by-side testing shows fantastic results for purity and longevity. (thomassci.com)
  • Results of the two most commonly used BOD testing methods were compared for preclarified wastewater. (scielo.org.za)
  • This concept finds support when tested and compared with the results in the literature. (ncsu.edu)
Colloids3
  • Since flocculation can remove colloids, flocculants in principle could be used to concentrate pharmaceuticals into a smaller sludge flow that subsequently could be treated more efficiently. (tudelft.nl)
  • Colloids were removed from a solution containing pharmaceuticals in two ways: by ultra-filtration (UF) and by flocculation. (tudelft.nl)
  • In contrast, when removing the colloids with flocculation, no pharmaceuticals removal was observed. (tudelft.nl)
Concentrations3
  • This link is a video showing the flocculation of microalgae with aluminium sulphate at different concentrations. (sswm.info)
  • Various concentrations of clay and organic flocculant were tested. (tudelft.nl)
  • Nominal test concentrations must be prepared and reported in consideration of any such salinity adjustments. (canada.ca)
Faster1
  • She developed a better and faster test for staining brain tissue. (si.edu)
Biological1
  • Bench-scale testing was conducted to quantify the effectiveness of BOD5 removal utilizing an aerobic biological contact reactor and ballasted flocculation/settling. (wwdmag.com)
Acid1
  • Qualitative tests include the acid steatocrit test and Sudan III staining of stool, but these tests are less reliable. (medscape.com)
Temperature2
  • Yeast strains were isolated from burukutu alcoholic drink, spoilt pineapple fruit and spoilt watermelon fruit, confirmed using API Test kit and subjected to flocculation, ethanol tolerance, hydrogen sulphide, temperature tolerance test and stress tolerance test to determine their fermentative potentials. (journaltocs.ac.uk)
  • Temperature conditions should also be as previously indicated for transportation and storage of elutriates, as well as for samples intended for aqueous extraction and subsequent testing of elutriate, unless otherwise specified. (canada.ca)
Processes2
  • For example, if levels of SARS-CoV-2 RNA are sufficiently high in wastewater, small volumes of wastewater (e.g., 1 ml) may be tested without additional concentration processes. (cdc.gov)
  • Fat malabsorption is usually the first test obtained because many disease processes result in fat malabsorption. (medscape.com)
Serology1
  • One of the important goals in medical re- and there are different recommendations search is determining the factors that can about screening with serology tests during affect the health of mothers and their fe- pregnancy. (who.int)
Serum1
  • Raman et al have suggested that a novel clinical test that uses levels of serum retinyl palmitate to identify severe cases of fat malabsorption may be useful relative to the 72-hour fecal fat test. (medscape.com)
Occurs1
  • Flocculation of the barium occurs in the gut lumen. (medscape.com)
Reactive2
  • Weakly Reactive and Reactive values should be confirmed by LIA TP Confirmation test or TPPA. (sgh.com.sg)
  • The test is reported as Non-reactive, Weakly Reactive or Reactive. (sgh.com.sg)
Water4
  • However, although the tests indicated an improvement in the water quality of the Pinheiros River, its recovery did not suffice to allow the river water to be pumped into reservoir, since the quality achieved in the tests failed to meet the legal requirements of environmental and public health standards. (scielo.br)
  • Flocculation testers, also known as jar testers, are designed for a range of applications in water testing and treatment. (coleparmer.ca)
  • If it is outside the range considered acceptable for the test (i.e., 28 to 32 g/kg), the salinity of the sample or each test solution should be adjusted to within this range using natural or artificial hypersaline brine, commercially-available dry ocean salts, reagent-grade salts (see Sections 2.3.4 and 4.3.2 ), or deionized water. (canada.ca)
  • Water enters the first chamber of the flash mix/flocculation chamber. (leaucon.com)
Method3
  • These 64 consortium were tested for flocculation activity using kaolin clay suspension method. (scialert.net)
  • The two methods tested include the EBC 2.0 liter fermentation tube method and the Jibiki, Sasaki, Kagami, and Kawatsura, 2006 method. (mbaa.com)
  • Flocculation is an effective, low-energy, low-cost method to harvest microalgae. (bvsalud.org)
Wastewater2
  • Multiple testing methods and laboratory workflows are used to quantify SARS-CoV-2 in wastewater across the United States. (cdc.gov)
  • Sample preparation is the first step in SARS-CoV-2 wastewater testing. (cdc.gov)
Methods1
  • Testing methods include sample processing steps, use of laboratory controls, and implementation of biosafety measures to ensure that data can be interpreted for public health use. (cdc.gov)
Contrast1
  • In contrast, competitive units require 10 to 20 minutes of flocculation times in significantly larger and more costly tanks. (leaucon.com)
Ability1
  • The conditions required for flocculation were used to test the ability of themicrogel dispersions to block a membrane of pore size 5 �m. (gre.ac.uk)
Infection1
  • The test could quickly reveal the presence of Negri bodies - indicators of rabies infection. (si.edu)
Analysis2
  • One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) with post hoc and Tukey test was used to compare the differences of flocculation activity of each bacterial consortium. (scialert.net)
  • Generally, a two-litre sample is adequate for an off-site multi-concentration test, associated routine chemical analysis, and any necessary adjustments or repeat tests. (canada.ca)
Factor2
  • However, if it is known that volatility is not a factor, such samples might be tested at the discretion of the investigator. (canada.ca)
  • These studies confirmed that mixing is a major factor in flocculation. (cdc.gov)
Concentration1
  • Smaller amounts are required for single-concentration tests (see Section 4.5.3 ). (canada.ca)
Unit1
  • A flash mix/flocculation tank usually precedes the unit. (leaucon.com)
Measures2
  • This test nonspecifically measures blood globulins, which are a group of proteins produced either by the liver, or the immune system. (cdc.gov)
  • The RPR test measures IgM and IgG antibodies to lipoidal material released from damaged host cells, as well as to lipoprotein-like material and possibly cardiolipin released from the treponemes. (cdc.gov)
Free1
Mixture2
  • The Bureau of Mines conducted flotation tests on a mixture of barite waste materials from Nevada in which essentially all of the barite values were finer than 20 micrometers. (cdc.gov)
  • If antibodies are not present, the test mixture is uniformly gray. (cdc.gov)
Routine1
  • The latex slide test in conjunction with the electro-precipitin test is recommended for routine use in the detection of Hashimoto's disease. (bmj.com)
Batch1
  • Also, in separate batch tests, it was found that flocculants decreased the viscosity of the sludge and, concomitantly, an increase in the hydrolysis rate up to 27% was observed. (tudelft.nl)
Values1
  • It was observed that the model is sensitive to variations of the ratio of the kinetic coefficients, the larger value of this ratio will be smalller time values flocculation. (unesp.br)
Clinical1
  • 5000 Plus MCQs for Lab Technician and Technologists are designed to test the knowledge and proficiency of laboratory professionals who work in the field of clinical laboratory science. (labtestsguide.com)
Present1
  • The present work focuses on the flocculation of clays that are representative for abyssal regions where deep-sea mining is performed, but most of the conclusions of this work are generic and can be applied to other types of benthic flows, occuring in harbours and channels. (tudelft.nl)