TanninsSaponinsPolyphenolsGlycosidesCompoundsCoumarinsAlkaloidsAmount of flavonoidsFlavonesApigeninPolyphenolicAcidsPhenolicsLeafAntioxidant activityBioactiveCaffeic acidBioflavonoidsLuteolinPolysaccharidesMyricitrinEssentialQuercetinFlavonolsWidelyConcentrationProgressivelyMucilageExtractsVitroMajorAntioxidantsHerbEthanolDietaryBiological activityTotalChemicalVolatileLeavesActivityEffectsEvidenceBeveragesPlantNumerousPresent
Tannins3
- Earlier phytochemical studies on P. urinaria indicated that its major constituents were tannins, flavonoids, lignans, coumarins, and polyphenols [ 8 - 12 ]. (ijpsonline.com)
- The major antimicrobial constituents (total phenolics, flavonoids and tannins) were determined quantitatively in the extracts using the spectrophotometer technique. (academicjournals.org)
- These effects were found to be maximum of tannins (7%-14% in dried material), between 1.5-3.5 hours after starting to chew vitamins, minerals and flavonoids [4,8]. (who.int)
Saponins2
- The seed contains saponins, flavonoids , oils, proteins and a high amount of mucilage. (diagnose-me.com)
- Scientists have found Tienchi to contain two important constituents: saponins and flavonoids. (chineseherbsdirect.com)
Polyphenols2
- Different polyphenols, flavonoids and phenylcarboxylic acids were identified as major constituents. (nih.gov)
- include not only vitamins C and E and beta carotene, but also some elements such as selenium and copper (which form antioxidant metallo-enzymes), and other compounds found in plant foods such as flavonoids and polyphenols. (diagnose-me.com)
Glycosides2
- We also showed that aglycones of several flavonoids inhibited P-gp function in a concentration-dependent manner, whereas their glycosides were inactive (Y. Mitsunaga, H.T., H.M., M. Naito, T. Tsuruo, H.O., and Y.S., submitted). (aspetjournals.org)
- Other constituents are polyphenolic monomers, cinnamic acids and their glycosides ( 17 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
Compounds3
- Flavonoids are a large family of polyphenolic plant compounds. (oregonstate.edu)
- The major medicinal compounds in bilberries are the flavonoids , especially the anthocyanosides. (diagnose-me.com)
- The biological activity of propolis is associated mainly with phenolic compounds such as flavonoids and derivatives of hydroxycinnamic acids. (scirp.org)
Coumarins3
- German chamomile flowers contain variable amounts of volatile oils, flavonoids , and coumarins among other components. (diagnose-me.com)
- The dried roots have coumarins, flavonoids , and essential oils as active constituents. (diagnose-me.com)
- Key components are volatile oil (8% consisting of up to 80% anethole, 18-22% fenchone and methyl chavicol), flavonoids , coumarins (including bergapten), and sterols. (diagnose-me.com)
Alkaloids1
- This paper presents an overview of the investigations on the feasibility and application of flavonoids as P-gp modulators for improved efficacy of anti-cancer drugs like taxanes, anthracyclines, epipodophyllotoxins, camptothecins and vinca alkaloids. (nih.gov)
Amount of flavonoids2
- Ethanol extract of leaf had the highest amount of flavonoids. (sinica.edu.tw)
- The plants had a fair amount of flavonoids and variable levels of cytotoxicity. (who.int)
Flavones3
- Flavonoids are classified into 12 major subclasses based on chemical structures, six of which, namely anthocyanidins, flavan-3-ols, flavonols, flavones, flavanones, and isoflavones ( Table 1 and Figures 1-9 ) are of dietary significance. (oregonstate.edu)
- Constituents Its constituents highlight the importance of flavones and flavonoids in. (healthy.net)
- Flavonoid derivatives are flavones, flavans, and chalcones. (planetayurveda.com)
Apigenin3
- Sesquiterpene lactones, polyacetylenes, achilleine and flavonoids such as apigenin. (gaiaherbs.com)
- A flavonoid called apigenin is one of the key chemical constituents in chamomile . (trishdeseine.com)
- Mechanism is due to essential oil containing bisabolol constituents and the flavonoids apigenin and luteolin. (msdmanuals.com)
Polyphenolic1
- Flavonoids (polyphenolic herbal constituents) form the third generation, non-pharmaceutical category of P-gp inhibitors. (nih.gov)
Acids1
- Pycnogenol is primarily composed of a mixture of flavonoids, mainly procyanidins and phenolic acids. (spandidos-publications.com)
Phenolics1
- Phytochemical investigation by HPLC-MS suggested that leaf decoction extract contains phenolics and flavonoids [ 7 ]. (hindawi.com)
Leaf1
- Main constituents of leaf oil has been reported to be (Z,E)-farnesene. (stuartxchange.org)
Antioxidant activity1
- Artichoke extract has flavonoid constituents that demonstrate antioxidant activity and are intended to provide nutritional support for healthy digestion. (allstarhealth.com)
Bioactive1
Caffeic acid1
Bioflavonoids2
- Bioflavonoids - or simply flavonoids - are a group of water-soluble plant pigments that are responsible for the colors of many flowers and fruits. (diagnose-me.com)
- Flavonoids, or bioflavonoids, play a major role in nutrition. (chineseherbsdirect.com)
Luteolin1
- Its leaves also contain phenolic constituents including rosmarinic acid and flavonoids such as hesperidin and luteolin. (frysfood.com)
Polysaccharides1
- Among its different constituents, Astragalus polysaccharides have been most widely studied particularly for their immunopotentiating properties, such as stimulation of murine B cell proliferation and cytokine production ( 6 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
Myricitrin1
- Myricitrin, which is a flavonoid glycoside, was also found. (diagnose-me.com)
Essential1
- Naturally occurring flavonoids have long been utilized as essential templates for the development of novel drugs and as critical ingredients for functional foods. (frontiersin.org)
Quercetin1
- When doctors recommend supplementation, the most common amounts suggested are 1,000mg of citrus flavonoids or 400mg of quercetin, each taken three times per day. (diagnose-me.com)
Flavonols1
- Glycosylated flavonols (bound to at least one sugar molecule) are the most widely distributed flavonoids in the diet (2, 3) . (oregonstate.edu)
Widely1
- The above findings are potentially significant because flavonoids are widely present in vegetables, fruits, and beverages ( Herrmann, 1988 ) and are known to have a wide range of biochemical and pharmacological effects. (aspetjournals.org)
Concentration1
- L. egeregia was regarded as the prototype of the anticancer species due to its profound flavonoid concentration (85.40 µg/mL) and cytotoxicity (9.46 µg/mL) compared to other extracts. (who.int)
Progressively1
- The thirteen researchers report that "elevated CO 2 promoted the accumulation of secondary metabolites (flavonoids) progressively to a greater extent as plants became mature. (co2science.org)
Mucilage1
- Mucilage, pectin, flavonoids. (drhauschka.co.uk)
Extracts1
- However, the extracts containing many different components exhibited significantly higher antiherpetic effects as well as higher selectivity indices than single isolated constituents. (nih.gov)
Vitro2
- Flavonoids have been shown to exhibit antiinflammatory, antithrombogenic, antidiabetic, anticancer, and neuroprotective activities through different mechanisms of action in vitro and in animal models. (oregonstate.edu)
- In vitro and in vivo data indicate that the hop constituent xanthohumol affects several critical pathophysiological steps during the development and course of chronic liver disease. (greenmedinfo.com)
Major2
- The two major constituents are the flavonoids (called flavoglycosides or sometimes Ginkgo Heterosides), and the terpene lactones. (diagnose-me.com)
- The two major constituents of licorice are glycyrrhizin and flavonoids. (pacherbs.com)
Antioxidants1
- Flavonoids are antioxidants known to improve circulation and relieve tissues damage and have a role in reducing inflammation. (pacherbs.com)
Herb2
- The principal constituents of this herb are Flavonoids. (planetayurveda.com)
- Its ethnomedical uses as a ginseng-like herb and chemical constituents suggest that A. trifoliatus may have potential for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases and cognitive dysfunction. (hindawi.com)
Ethanol1
- with 40% ethanol and enriched total flavonoids by polyamide [ 27 ]. (hindawi.com)
Dietary4
- Dietary flavonoids are naturally occurring in fruit, vegetables, chocolate, and beverages like wine and tea. (oregonstate.edu)
- High intakes of dietary flavonoids are generally regarded as safe, especially because of their low bioavailability. (oregonstate.edu)
- Since the 1990s, there has been a growing interest in dietary flavonoids due to their likely contribution to the health benefits of fruit- and vegetable-rich diets. (oregonstate.edu)
- and other minor dietary constituents. (doctormurray.com)
Biological activity1
- Most of their biological activity is caused by their high content of flavonoids, glucosides, and glucosinolates. (frontiersin.org)
Total3
- Total Flavonoids from Carya cathayensis Sarg. (hindawi.com)
- This study aimed to investigate whether the total flavonoids (TFs) from Carya cathayensis Sarg. (hindawi.com)
- The total flavonoids (TFs) were extracted from the leaves of Carya cathayensis Sarg. (hindawi.com)
Chemical2
- Also, the flavonoid narirutin is said to be the active chemical in the Wakayama Prefecture specialty citrus jabara juice that is said to diminish the effects of pollen allergies. (wikipedia.org)
- Flavonoids are the most common chemical composition derived from this plant. (planetayurveda.com)
Volatile1
- The seed is the part used medicinally, as it contains both volatile oils and flavonoid components. (diagnose-me.com)
Leaves2
- We recently have isolated flavonoids from the leaves of Carya cathayensis Sarg. (hindawi.com)
- The objective of this review of the lit- sults in loss of some active constituents [2] erature was to examine studies on khat, and therefore the habit of chewing the green particularly human studies, with special leaves was adopted. (who.int)
Activity2
- The review also focuses on flavonoid-drug interactions as well as the reversal activity of flavonoids useful against MDR. (nih.gov)
- Flavonoid constituents of chorizanthe diffusa with potential cancer chemopreventive activity. (co2science.org)
Effects4
- Many of the biological effects of flavonoids appear to be related to their ability to modulate a number of cell-signaling cascades. (oregonstate.edu)
- Despite promising results in animal studies, only a limited number of observational studies have reported potential cancer preventive effects of flavonoids in humans. (oregonstate.edu)
- The hop constituent xanthohumol exhibits hepatoprotective effects and inhibits the activation of hepatic stellate cells at different levels. (greenmedinfo.com)
- This study suggested that the phenolic constituents of Phyllanthus urinaria possessed antioxidant activities and these might play an important role in antihepatitic effects. (ijpsonline.com)
Evidence1
- Evidence suggesting that some flavonoids or flavonoid-rich foods may enhance cognitive function is currently limited, and it is not yet known whether their consumption could lower the risk of cognitive impairments and dementia in humans. (oregonstate.edu)
Beverages1
- The results of small-scale randomized controlled trials suggest that consumption of flavonoid-rich food and beverages containing anthocyanins or flavan-3-ols may improve vascular endothelial function. (oregonstate.edu)
Plant2
- Xanthohumol is the principal prenylated flavonoid of the female inflorescences of the hop plant. (greenmedinfo.com)
- For centuries, yarrow has been popular in European folk medicine, in part because yarrow contains flavonoids (plant-based chemicals) that support normal saliva secretion and stomach acid, helping to support healthy digestion. (gaiaherbs.com)
Numerous1
- Numerous studies have shown that flavonoids can prevent cardiovascular disease [ 16 - 19 ]. (hindawi.com)
Present1
- The flavonoid eriocitrin abundant in lemon and lime juices is present in comparable concentrations in sudachi juice, but is lacking in yuzu or kabosu juices. (wikipedia.org)